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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2013年第11期5卷 1037-1047页

作者： Jaime Ricardo Cantera Kintz Edgardo Londono-Cruz Luz Marina Mejia-Ladino Leonardo Herrera-Orozco Carlos Andres Satizabal Natalia Uribe-Castaneda Research Group in Estuaries and Mangroves of Colombian Pacific Departamento de BiologiaUniversidad del ValleCaliColombia Research Group in Taxonomy Systematic and Marine EcologyInstituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras“Jose Benito Vives de Andreis”Santa MartaColombia

The environmental protection of tropical marine and coastal areas faces different challenges due to the diversity of aspects related to these areas, which include natural, social and economical issues. Despite these challenges, efforts for the protection of these areas are urgent nowadays because of the dramatical increase of human related threats like habitat destruction and population growth. Malaga Bay (MB) is a tectonic estuarine system located in Panama Bight (central region of the Colombian Pacific coast), which due to its origin shows important environmental characteristics of few sites in the Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) match. For these reasons, the government of Colombia declared in 2010, the bay’s marine area as a Marine National Natural Park in order to preserve its unique estuarine marine biodiversity. Despite this measure, MB presents several conditions that make environmental protection a very difficult task. In this paper, we present the geographical context, biodiversity and natural resources, environmental threats, the complexity of economic and social context, and the institutional and legal context of MB, to exemplify the difficulty that the protection of marine areas face in the TEP.

关键词： Protected Marine Areas Resources Conservation Estuaries Tropical Eastern Pacific

三毛作品的英西译本对比研究 ——以《撒哈拉的故事》为例

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三毛作品的英西译本对比研究 ——以《...

作者： luz marina Sanchis Saez 厦门大学

学位级别：硕士

三毛的《撒哈拉的故事》写于20世纪70年代中期,该书在中国非常畅销。本文对该书的英文和西文译本进行了对比分析。原文文本的写作语言为中文,这将丰富双语译本的对比分析。本文首先对翻译理论的历史进行了综述,并对皮姆（Pym）和韦努蒂... 详细信息

三毛的《撒哈拉的故事》写于20世纪70年代中期,该书在中国非常畅销。本文对该书的英文和西文译本进行了对比分析。原文文本的写作语言为中文,这将丰富双语译本的对比分析。本文首先对翻译理论的历史进行了综述,并对皮姆（Pym）和韦努蒂（Venuti）的翻译理论进行了重点分析。之后,本文对汉英、汉西文学翻译理论的历史和发展趋势进行了探讨。本文的主体部分为三毛《撒哈拉的故事》的英文和西文译本的对比分析。西文译本标题为Diarios del Sahara,由西班牙译者Irene Tor-Carroggio执笔;英文译本标题为Storoes of the Sahara,由美国译者Canaan Morse执笔。西文译本已于2016年出版,英文译本预计将于2019年出版。尽管如此,纸托邦（Paper Republic）在网站发布了该书“哑奴”这一章的的翻译,本研究选取该部分的译文作为分析对象。本对比分析的主要目标有两个:首先是厘清两个译者所选择的翻译策略;其次是比较两个译本翻译策略的异同。三语的对比分析旨在研究两个译者对“异化”、“归化”翻译策略的取舍。对是否有脚注形式的增译信息的研究是笔者选取的一种研究方法。在本研究进行的过程中,西文译员接受了笔者的采访,向笔者介绍了其翻译三毛著作的历程。在语言层面,笔者从并列句和从句,以及词汇范围和修辞语言等层面对两个译本进行分析。在语言层面,笔者对不同的翻译策略进行了对比分析,这对理解中文、英文以及西文之间的语际差异非常重要。笔者在对比分析的其他部分也探讨了译者的写作风格。总而言之,本文对中国文学作品的英译和西译所面临的难点进行了分析,对两位译者解决这些难点所采取的翻译策略进行了探讨。

关键词：三语比较研究异化归化三毛隐喻的翻译

Prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma biological behaviorin patient selection for liver transplantation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第1期22卷 232-252页

作者： Umberto Cillo Tommaso Giuliani marina Polacco luz Maria Herrero Manley Gino Crivellari Alessandro Vitale Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit Department of General Surgery and Organ TransplantationUniversity Hospital of Padua35128 PadovaItaly UnitàOperativa di Oncologia Medica Istituto Oncologico Veneto(IOV)IRCCS35128 PadovaItaly

Morphological criteria have always been considered the benchmark for selecting hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)patients for liver transplantation(LT).These criteria,which are often inappropriate to express the tumor’s biological behavior and aggressiveness,offer only a static view of the disease burden and are frequently unable to correctly stratify the tumor recurrence risk after LT.Alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)and its progression as well as AFP-m RNA,AFP-L3%,des-γ-carboxyprothrombin,inflammatory markers and other serological tests appear to be correlated with post-transplant outcomes.Several other markers for patient selection including functional imaging studies such as18F-FDG-PET imaging,histological evaluation of tumor grade,tissue-specific biomarkers,and molecular signatures have been outlined in the literature.HCC growth rate and response to pre-transplant therapies can further contribute to the transplant evaluation process of HCC patients.While AFP,its progression,and HCC response to pretransplant therapy have already been used as a part of an integrated prognostic model for selecting patients,the utility of other markers in the transplant setting is still under investigation.This article intends to review the data in the literature concerning predictors that could be included in an integrated LT selection model and to evaluate the importance of biological aggressiveness in the evaluation process of these patients.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Liver Alphafetoprotein Transplantation Biomarkers Histopathology Recurrence Integrated prognostic tool

Targeting the motor cortex to restore walking after incomplete spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第7期17卷 1489-1490页

作者： marina Martinez Département de Neurosciences Groupe de recherche sur la Signalisation Neurale et la Circuiterie and Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche sur le Cerveau au service de l’ApprentissageUniversitéde MontréalCIUSSS du Nord-de-l’Île-de-MontréalMontréalQCCanada

Spinal cord injury(SCI),second only to stroke,is the leading cause of paralysis.The ability to walk is often lost after SCI,reducing independence and quality of life.Restoration of walking is cited as a priority among persons with SCI of all degrees of severity,chronicity,or age at injury.As 70%of SCIs are anatomically incomplete,some neural connections relaying information to and from the brain are spared.

关键词： incomplete paralysis injury

Myelinosome organelles in pathological retinas: ubiquitous presence and dual role in ocular proteostasis maintenance

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第5期18卷 1009-1016页

作者： marina G.Yefimova Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry Russian Academy of SciencesSt-PetersburgRussia Laboratoire STIM CNRS ERL 7003 Universitéde PoitiersPoitiersFrance

The timely and efficient elimination of aberrant proteins and damaged organelles, formed in response to various genetic and environmental stressors, is a vital need for all cells of the body. Recent lines of evidence point out several non-classical strategies employed by ocular tissues to cope with aberrant constituents generated in the retina and in the retinal pigmented epithelium cells exposed to various stressors. Along with conventional strategies relying upon the intracellular degradation of aberrant constituents through ubiquitin-proteasome and/or lysosome-dependent autophagy proteolysis, two non-conventional mechanisms also contribute to proteostasis maintenance in ocular tissues. An exosome-mediated clearing and a myelinosome-driven secretion mechanism do not require intracellular degradation but provide the export of aberrant constituents and “waste proteins” outside of the cells. The current review is centered on the non-degradative myelinosome-driven secretion mechanism, which operates in the retina of transgenic Huntington’s disease R6/1 model mice. Myelinosome-driven secretion is supported by rare organelles myelinosomes that are detected not only in degenerative Huntington’s disease R6/1 retina but also in various pathological states of the retina and of the retinal pigmented epithelium. The intra-retinal traffic and inter-cellular exchange of myelinosomes was discussed in the context of a dual role of the myelinosome-driven secretion mechanism for proteostasis maintenance in different ocular compartments. Special focus was made on the interplay between degradative and non-degradative strategies in ocular pathophysiology, to delineate potential therapeutic approaches to counteract several vision diseases.

关键词： autophagy Huntington’s disease Müller cells myelinosome-driven secretion myelinosomes ocular pathophysiology proteostasis retina retinal pigmented epithelium ubiquitin-proteasome system

The birth hour of mammals:insights from intra-specific variation in wild blue monkeys

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Current Zoology 2022年第5期68卷 499-506页

作者： marina Cords Emma Gometz Department of Ecology Evolution and Environmental BiologyColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10027USA New York Consortium in Evolutionary Primatology 695 Park AvenueNew YorkNY 10065USA

While most mammals show birth hour peaks at times of the 24-h cycle when they are less active,there are exceptions to this general pattern.Such exceptions have been little explored,but may clarify evolutionary reasons for the diel timing of births.We investigated intraspecific variation in birth hour in wild blue monkeys Cercopithecus mitis stuhlmanni,a diurnal primate,to identify factors that differentiated daytime versus nighttime births.Behavioral and life history data from 14 groups over 14 years revealed that 4%of 484 births occurred during the day.Probability of daytime birth varied with mother’s age,peaking at 15.7 years.Births whose annual timing deviated most from the population’s peak birth months were 5 times more likely to occur during daytime than those that deviated less.There was no evidence that mother’s rank or infant sex influenced birth hour,and mixed evidence that daytime births were more probable in larger groups.Survivorship did not differ significantly for infants born during the day versus night.Prime-aged mothers may be able to handle the consequences of an unusual birth hour more successfully than mothers with less experience or those weakened by age.Daytime birth may be more advantageous in the off-season because nights are colder at that time of year.These findings are consistent with hypotheses relating birth hour to the risk of losing social protection in group-living animals,but are not consistent with those emphasizing risk of conspecific harassment.Patterns of within-species variation can help in evaluating evolutionary hypotheses for non-random birth hour.

关键词： birth timing Cercopithecus mitis circadian pattern diel cycle guenon parturition

CMT1A current gene therapy approaches and promising biomarkers

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第7期18卷 1434-1440页

作者： marina Stavrou Kleopas AKleopa Neuroscience Department The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and GeneticsNicosiaCyprus Center for Neuromuscular Disorders The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and GeneticsNicosiaCyprus

Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathies(CMT)constitute a group of common but highly heterogeneous,non-syndromic genetic disorders affecting predominantly the peripheral nervous system.CMT type 1A(CMT1A)is the most frequent type and accounts for almost~50%of all diagnosed CMT cases.CMT1A results from the duplication of the peripheral myelin protein 22(PMP22)gene.Overexpression of PMP22 protein overloads the protein folding apparatus in Schwann cells and activates the unfolded protein response.This leads to Schwann cell apoptosis,dys-and de-myelination and secondary axonal degeneration,ultimately causing neurological disabilities.During the last decades,several different gene therapies have been developed to treat CMT1A.Almost all of them remain at the pre-clinical stage using CMT1A animal models overexpressing PMP22.The therapeutic goal is to achieve gene silencing,directly or indirectly,thereby reversing the CMT1A genetic mechanism allowing the recovery of myelination and prevention of axonal loss.As promising treatments are rapidly emerging,treatment-responsive and clinically relevant biomarkers are becoming necessary.These biomarkers and sensitive clinical evaluation tools will facilitate the design and successful completion of future clinical trials for CMT1A.

关键词： axonal degeneration biomarkers Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease gene therapy inherited neuropathy mouse models

Axon degeneration:new actor in an old play

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第3期18卷 547-548页

作者： marina Herwerth Matthias T.Wyss Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of ZurichNeuroscience Center ZurichUniversity and ETH ZurichZürichSwitzerland Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology Department of NeurologyTechnische Universität MünchenMunichGermany

After an insult of white matter tracts,e.***.in the spinal cord or optic nerve,axons react in general by the activation of a tightly regulated self-destruction program.This so-called axon degeneration cascade can be triggered by various causes,including injury,toxins,and genetic defects,and is a shared pathway in many different neurological diseases(Coleman and Hoke,2020).Axonal degeneration is thought to be responsible for disease progression and accumulation of disability across many neurological conditions.The hallmark of early axonal injury is the appearance of local spheroid formations along the axon,often referred to as a“pearl-on-string”pattern or axonal beading or swelling.Although this striking shape change has been observed after various types of injury,such as mechanical,chemical,or inflammatory stimuli,we know little about its exact mechanism and its immediate impact on axonal functionality.In this perspective,we would like to contrast the classical calcium-dependent form of axonal degeneration with a recently described form of a calcium-independent mechanism underlying axonal beading.

关键词： degeneration swelling injury

The bumpy road of purinergic inhibitors to clinical application in immune-mediated diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1206-1211页

作者： Matihias T.Wyss Christine Heuer marina Herwerth Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Zurich Neuroscience Center Zurich (ZNZ) University of Zurich and ETH Zurich 3. Neurology Department University Hospital of Zurich

Purinergic signaling plays important roles throughout the body in the regulation of organ functions during and following the disruption of homeostasis. This is also reflected by the widespread expression of two families of purinergic receptors(P1 and P2) with numerous subtypes. In the last few decades, there has been increasing evidence that purinergic signaling plays an important role in the regulation of immune functions. Mainly, signals mediated by P2 receptors have been shown to contribute to immune system-mediated pathologies. Thus, interference with P2 receptors may be a promising strategy for the modulation of immune responses. Although only a few clinical studies have been conducted in isolated entities with limited success, preclinical work suggests that the use of P2 receptor inhibitors may bear some promise in various autoimmune diseases. Despite the association of P2 receptors with several disorders from this field, the use of P2 receptor antagonists in clinical therapy is still very scarce. In this narrative review, we briefly review the involvement of the purinergic system in immunological responses and clinical studies on the effect of purinergic inhibition on autoimmune processes. We then open the aperture a bit and show some preclinical studies demonstrating a potential effect of purinergic blockade on autoimmune events. Using suramin, a non-specific purinergic inhibitor, as an example, we further show that off-target effects could be responsible for observed effects in immunological settings, which may have interesting implications. Overall, we believe that it is worthwhile to further investigate this hitherto underexplored area.

关键词： autoimmune diseases neurological disorders P2 receptor inhibitors purinergic system suramin

Measurements of Laminar Burning Velocities of Alternative Fuels:Application in Transport and Aerospace

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Journal of Thermal Science 2023年第2期32卷 503-512页

作者： RICHTER Sandra BRAUN-UNKHOFF marina NAUMANN Clemens German Aerospace Center(DLR) Institute of Combustion TechnologyDepartment of Chemical Kinetics and AnalyticsStuttgart 70569Germany

The laminar burning velocity belongs to the fundamental combustion properties of fuels being a measure for their heat release,flame length,as well as reactivity and combustion stability,and thus,may impact the design of burners and combustion chambers.Also,these experimental data are needed for the validation and optimization within the construction and development of detailed chemical kinetic reaction mechanisms.Within this study,an overview of the different applications of fuel characterization regarding the specific area of interest(road transport,aviation,and aerospace)will be given.Depending on the application,effects of different molecular characteristics on the laminar burning velocity are evaluated:the presence of oxygen atoms and the grade of branching in a specific fuel molecule as well as the difference in the type of a chemical bond,here,single and double bonds.Examples of alternative fuels being discussed in the present study are:(Ⅰ)oxymethylene ether(OMEn)in the field of road transport;(Ⅱ)a paraffinic Alcohol-to-Jet fuel as sustainable aviation fuel;and(Ⅲ)mixtures of ethane or ethene with nitrous oxide as green propellants for rocket propulsion applications.

关键词： laminar burning velocity alternative sustainable fuels road transport aviation fuels green propellants