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Life cycle assessment and economic analysis of HFC-134a production from natural gas compared with oil-based and coal-based production

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2022年第12期16卷 1713-1725页

作者： Suisui Zhang Gang Li Boyang Bai luyao qiang Xiaoxun Ma Jingying Li School of Chemical Engineering Northwest UniversityXi’an 710069China Chemical Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education(MOE)for Advanced Use Technology of Shanbei Energy Xi’an 710069China Shaanxi Research Center of Engineering Technology for Clean Coal Conversion Xi’an 710069China Collaborative Innovation Center for Development of Energy and Chemical Industry in Northern Shaanxi Xi’an 710069China International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of the Ministry of Science and Technology(MOST)for Clean Utilization of Hydrocarbon Resources Xi’an 710069China Longdong University Qingyang 745000China

China is the largest producer and consumer of HFC-134a(1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane)in the world.Coal-based route is mainly adopted to produce HFC-134a,which suffers from large waste and CO_(2) emissions.Natural gas is a low-carbon and clean energy resource,and no research has been found on the environment and economy of producing HFC-134a from natural gas.In this study,CML 2001 method was used to carry out the life cycle assessment of natural gas(partial oxidation)-based and natural gas(plasma cracking)-based routes(abbreviated as gas(O)-based and gas(P)-based routes,respectively),and their environmental performances were compared with coal-based and oil-based routes.Meanwhile,considering that China is vigorously promoting the transformation of energy structure,and the application of electric heating equipment to replace fossil-based heating equipment in industrial field,which has a great impact on the environmental performance of the production processes,the authors conducted a scenario analysis.The results showed that the gas(O)-based route had the most favourable environmental benefits.However,the gas(P)-based route had the highest potential for reducing environmental burdens,and its environmental benefit was the most favourable in scenario 2050.Additionally,the economic performance of the gas(P)-based route was significantly better than that of gas(O)-based and coal-based routes.

关键词： life cycle assessment economic performance HFC-134a natural gas oil coal

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Life cycle assessment of HFC-134a production by calcium carbide acetylene route in China

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2022年第2期35卷 236-244页

作者： Suisui Zhang Jingying Li Yan Nie luyao qiang Boyang Bai Zhiwei Peng Xiaoxun Ma School of Chemical Engineering Northwest UniversityXi’an 710069China Chemical Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education(MOE)for Advanced Use Technology of Shanbei Energy Xi’an 710069China Shaanxi Research Center of Engineering Technology for Clean Coal Conversion Xi’an 710069China Collaborative Innovation Center for Development of Energy and Chemical Industry in Northern Shaanxi Xi’an 710069China International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of the Ministry of Science and Technology(MOST)for Clean Utilization of Hydrocarbon Resources Xi’an 710069China

HFC-134a is a widely used environment-friendly refrigerant.At present,China is the largest producer of HFC-134a in the world.The production of HFC-134a in China mainly adopts the calcium carbide acetylene route.However,the production route has high resource and energy consumption and large waste emission,and few of the studies addressed on the environmental performance of its production process.This study quantified the environmental performance of HFC-134a production by calcium carbide route via carrying out a life cycle assessment(LCA)using the CML 2001 method.And uncertainty analysis by Monte-Carlo simulation was also carried out.The results showed that electricity had the most impact on the environment,followed by steam,hydrogen fluoride and chlorine,and the impact of direct CO_(2) emissions in calcium carbide production stage on the global warming effect also could not be ignored.Therefore,the clean energy(e.g.,wind,solar,biomass,and natural gas)was used to replace coal-based electricity and coal-fired steam in this study,showing considerable environmental benefits.At the same time,the use of advanced production technologies could also improve environmental benefits,and the environmental impact of the global warming category could be reduced by 4.1%via using CO_(2) capture and purification technology.The Chinese database of HFC-134a production established in this study provides convenience for the relevant study of scholars.For the production of HFC-134a,this study helps to better identify the specific environmental hotspots and proposes useful ways to improve the environmental benefits.

关键词： HFC-134a Calcium carbide Life cycle assessment Environmental impact Carbon capture

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The effect of hydrothermal pretreatment on the structure and fast pyrolysis behaviors of Sheng Li lignite

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2021年第7期34卷 265-274页

作者： Boyang Bai luyao qiang Suisui Zhang Zhiwei Peng Hang Mu Xiaoxun Ma School of Chemical Engineering Northwest University International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of the Ministry of Science and Technology(MOST)for Clean Utilization of Hydrocarbon Resources Chemical Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education(MOE)for Advanced Use Technology of Shanbei Energy Shaanxi Research Center of Engineering Technology for Clean Coal Conversion Collaborative Innovation Center for Development of Energy and Chemical Industry in Northern ShaanxiXi’an 710069China

The structure and composition of coal determine its fast pyrolysis characteristics,and the study of the relationship between them can play an important role in the efficient and clean utilization of coal.So,in this work,hydrothermal pretreatment was used to artificially change the structure and composition of Sheng Li(SL)lignite,which was used to investigate the influence of structural changes on pyrolysis.The physicochemical structure and composition of samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction,specific surface area and porosity analyzer,solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,and elemental analyzer.Pyrolysis experiments were carried out in a powderparticle fluidized bed reactor,and the distribution and composition of the pyrolysis products were analyzed.The gasification activity of char was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis with a CO_(2) atmosphere.The results show that hydrothermal pretreatment(HTP)can destroy the cross-linking structure of SL lignite,and affect its aromaticity,pore structure,functional group,and carbon structure to change the distribution and composition of pyrolysis products of SL lignite,especially the composition of tar.Finally,the structure–activity relationship between the structure,composition,and pyrolysis characteristics of coal was comprehensively studied.

关键词： Hydrothermal pretreatment Lignite Physicochemical structure Fast pyrolysis

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计算机导航引导与徒手椎弓根螺钉置钉在腰椎峡部裂手术中应用的效果比较

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中华创伤骨科杂志 2024年第1期26卷 35-42页

作者：李璐遥黄晓夏马锐刘涛李强安伟阿不都艾孜孜·麦麦提滕勇新疆医科大学研究生学院乌鲁木齐830000 新疆军区总医院脊柱外科乌鲁木齐830000

目的比较计算机导航引导与徒手椎弓根螺钉置钉在腰椎峡部裂手术应用中的效果。方法回顾性分析2020年1月至2023年4月新疆军区总医院脊柱外科收治的47例L5椎体双侧峡部裂患者资料。全部为男性;年龄(24.0±4.3)岁,根据置钉方法不同分为研究... 详细信息

目的比较计算机导航引导与徒手椎弓根螺钉置钉在腰椎峡部裂手术应用中的效果。方法回顾性分析2020年1月至2023年4月新疆军区总医院脊柱外科收治的47例L5椎体双侧峡部裂患者资料。全部为男性;年龄(24.0±4.3)岁,根据置钉方法不同分为研究组(13例,采用计算机导航置钉)和对照组(34例,采用徒手置钉)。记录并比较两组患者的手术切口长度、出血量、手术置钉时间、术后住院时间、住院总费用、术后并发症发生率、椎弓根螺钉的重新置钉率、椎弓根螺钉与上终板夹角度数、双侧椎弓根螺钉夹角度数、置钉准确率;比较两组患者的术前、术后1周及末次随访时的疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)、腰椎功能的日本骨科协会评分(JOA)、Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)等。末次随访时采用改良MacNab标准评价患者对手术疗效的满意度,并评估内固定失效及峡部愈合情况。结果两组患者术前一般资料比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。两组患者的手术切口长度、出血量、手术置钉时间、术后住院时间、术后并发症发生率比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究组患者的住院总费用显著高于对照组,螺钉重置率7.7%(2/26)显著低于对照组26.5%(18/68),椎弓根螺钉与上终板夹角度数、双侧椎弓根螺钉夹角度数均显著小于对照组,置钉准确率为92.3%(24/26)显著大于对照组70.6%(48/68),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。所有患者术后均获随访,时间为7.0(5.0,14.0)个月。两组患者术后1周、末次随访时疼痛VAS、JOA评分、ODI均较术前显著改善,末次随访时较术后1周进一步改善,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。根据改良MacNab标准评价满意度:研究组优10例,良2例,中1例;对照组优27例,良3例,中3例,差1例。研究组内固定失效1例,1例患者发生钛缆棘突切割,峡部骨性愈合12例;对照组内固定失效2例,2例患者发生钛缆棘突切割,峡部骨性愈合29例。结论计算机导航引导椎弓根螺钉置钉在治疗L5椎体双侧峡部裂手术中安全可靠,与徒手置钉相比具有置钉准确性较高的优势,疗效满意。

关键词：外科手术,计算机辅助内固定器腰椎峡部裂

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萨提亚模式干预对抑郁伴自杀意念或自杀行为青少年的短程康复作用

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中国健康心理学杂志 2024年第1期32卷 39-46页

作者：王强胡春红王璐瑶夏晓琴王柏根杭州萨提亚心理咨询服务中心 310051 吉林建筑大学绍兴市第一中学

目的:研究萨提亚模式心理咨询对抑郁伴自杀意念或自杀行为青少年的干预效果。方法:采用方便取样的方法,对咨询的抑郁伴自杀意念或自杀行为且SCL-90总分大于206分的青少年案例纳入研究对象,其中应用萨提亚模式连续系统咨询者为研究组35例... 详细信息

目的:研究萨提亚模式心理咨询对抑郁伴自杀意念或自杀行为青少年的干预效果。方法:采用方便取样的方法,对咨询的抑郁伴自杀意念或自杀行为且SCL-90总分大于206分的青少年案例纳入研究对象,其中应用萨提亚模式连续系统咨询者为研究组35例,未进行萨提亚模式咨询者为对照组16例。研究组以抑郁症状减轻或消失、自杀意念和行为消失、SCL-90总分低于160分,或者来访者自身原因终止咨询为观察终点。对照组没有给予萨提亚模式心理咨询的抑郁伴自杀意念或自杀行为的青少年,以两次SCL-90量表评估(间隔至少2周以上)为观察的起点和终点。比较两组案例抑郁症状和自杀意念或自杀行为的减轻或消失情况,并统计SCL-90总分低于206分为咨询有效改善的案例数及百分率,比较两组SCL-90总分在160~206分和低于160分的案例数及百分率,比较两组自杀意念和自杀行为消失的人数,比较两组SCL-90量表的总分和各因子分,统计研究组SCL-90总分降低到160以下案例的平均咨询次数和自杀意念和自杀行为消失案例的平均咨询次数。结果:研究组有31例抑郁症状消失或改善,自杀意念和自杀行为消失,SCL-90总分低于206分,有效率为88.57%;其中25例(71.43%)SCL-90总分低于160分,达到健康水平;其余4例症状有改善,SCL-90总分大于206分,没有达到有效改善的标准;对照组有2例(12.50%)抑郁症状改善,SCL-90总分160~206分,作为有效改善统计,其余14例(87.50%)青少年抑郁自杀症状没有明显改善,两组青少年抑郁自杀状况的统计结果提示差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=29.583,P<0.001)。研究组自杀意念消失27例(77.14%),对照组自杀意念消失2例(12.50%),两组比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=18.706,P<0.001)。两组干预后SCL-90量表总分和各因子分差异均有统计学意义(t=-9.491~-3.242,P<0.001~0.01)。干预前后研究组SCL-90量表总分和各因子分差异均有统计学意义(t=4.399~11.011,P<0.001)。研究组干预后抑郁伴自杀意念和自杀行为消失,SCL-90总分降低到160分以下共计25人(71.43%),平均咨询次数4.24±2.80次。研究组咨询后,自杀意念和自杀行为消失,没有“想结束自己生命的想法”的人数共计27人(77.14%),平均咨询次数3.52±1.89次。结论:1萨提亚模式心理咨询对抑郁伴自杀意念或自杀行为青少年有很好的干预效果;2萨提亚模式咨询能短程快速消除抑郁青少年的自杀意念和自杀行为,提升其心理健康状况。

关键词：萨提亚模式抑郁自杀青少年心理咨询

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Neuromorphic transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation(nTENS)induces efficient tactile-related cortical networks in forearm amputees

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2023年第5期66卷 1451-1460页

作者： LIU YaFei LI Bo XI PengCheng LV XiaoDan ZHANG Lin LIU Zhiqiang HUANG qiang TANG RongYu HE JiPing CHEN luyao LANG YiRan School of Mechatronical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China Bejing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems Beijing100081China Institute of Automotive Engineers Hubei University of Automotive TechnologyShiyan442000China Special Education College of Beijjing Union University Beijing100075China Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Beijing100730China Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100083China

Conventional transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation(cTENS),which uses a modulated square waveform as stimuli,has been generally used in testing and eliciting artificial tactile perception in forearm amputees.However,a novel neuromorphic TENS(nTENS)model based on neural signals has been largely ignored.In this study,we further explore the effect of nTENS patterns to elicit tactile perception in forearm amputees.Four forearm amputees were recruited to test discriminate tactile perception elicited by different TENS patterns with electroencephalography(EEG)recording at the following four stimulated sites:the index finger and the little finger on both phantom and real sides.Finally,we compared the results of cortical networks in six frequency bands at different stimulated sites between forearm amputees and able-bodied subjects.Behavioral results suggested that n TENS patterns required a lower electric charge at each stimulated site than cTENS patterns.And forearm amputees required a higher intensity in each TENS pattern than able-bodied subjects.Moreover,amputees showed a lower clustering coefficient(aCP),global efficiency(aEG),local efficiency(aEL),and a longer path length(aLP)than able-bodied subjects in all six frequency bands when stimulation was accessed.Specifically,the SMU pattern showed a higher functional network efficiency in real fingers than at phantom sites in theta,alpha,and high gamma bands.This study highlighted the characteristics of n TENS patterns in eliciting tactile perception among forearm amputees,which provided insights into evaluating the neural mechanism of tactile information processing in forearm amputees and building tactile perceptual systems for sensory rehabilitation.

关键词： nTENS EEG cortical functional network tactile perception forearm amputees

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Real-time Face Detection using Skin Color Model

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2004年第3期11卷 79-83页

作者： luyao-xin LIUZhi-qiang ZHUXiang-hua BeijingUniversityofPostsandTelecommunicationBeijing100876 P.R.China CentreforMediaTechnology(RCMT)SchoolofCreativeMedia CityUniversityofHongKongHongKongP.R.China

This paper presents a new face detection approach to real-time applications, which is based on the skin color model and the morphological filtering. First the non-skin color pixels of the input image are removed based on the skin color model in the YC rC b chrominance space, from which we extract candidate human face regions. Then a mathematical morphological filter is used to remove noisy regions and fill the holes in the candidate skin color regions. We adopt the similarity between the human face features and the candidate face regions to locate the face regions in the original image. We have implemented the algorithm in our smart media system. The experiment results show that this system is effective in real-time applications.

关键词： real time face detection the skin color model mathematical morphological filter

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基于肠道菌群代谢产物的变化探讨芪苈强心胶囊改善心肌纤维化的机制

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中华老年心脑血管病杂志 2024年第4期26卷 445-449页

作者：陈云焦雪妍兰真真张宁张艺凡刘璐瑶刘姝彤刘新灿河南中医药大学第一附属医院心脏中心郑州450000 河南中医药大学郑州大学

目的从肠道菌群代谢产物氧化三甲胺(TMAO)、脂多糖(LPS)的变化角度探讨芪苈强心胶囊对心肌梗死后大鼠心肌纤维化的影响和作用机制。方法将60只大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、芪苈强心高剂量组(1.0 g/kg)、芪苈强心中剂量组(0.5 g/kg)... 详细信息

目的从肠道菌群代谢产物氧化三甲胺(TMAO)、脂多糖(LPS)的变化角度探讨芪苈强心胶囊对心肌梗死后大鼠心肌纤维化的影响和作用机制。方法将60只大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、芪苈强心高剂量组(1.0 g/kg)、芪苈强心中剂量组(0.5 g/kg)、芪苈强心低剂量组(0.25 g/kg)、培哚普利组(0.84 mg/kg),每组10只。造模时死亡13只,灌胃时死亡5只,最终假手术组8只,模型组8只,芪苈强心高剂量组7只,芪苈强心中剂量组6只,芪苈强心低剂量组7只,培哚普利组6只。超声心动图检测各组大鼠的左心室射血分数(LVEF)、左心室短轴缩短率(LVFS)、左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左心室收缩末期内径(LVEDS),苏木精-伊红染色检测心肌与回肠组织的病理形态,Masson染色检测心肌纤维化程度,计算心肌胶原容积分数(CVF),液相色谱-质谱法检测血浆TMAO的含量,酶联免疫吸附测定可溶性生长刺激表达基因2蛋白(sST2)和LPS的含量。结果与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠LVFS、LVEF显著降低,LVEDD、LVEDS、sST2、TMAO、LPS显著升高(P<0.05,P<0.01);与模型组比较,芪苈强心高、中、低剂量组及培哚普利组大鼠LVFS、LVEF显著升高,芪苈强心高剂量组大鼠血浆sST2浓度[(2025.45±413.13)pg/ml vs(2800.86±208.64)pg/ml]、血浆TMAO含量[(351.68±129.01)ng/ml vs(641.41±188.44)ng/ml]、血浆LPS浓度[(420.22±62.32)EU/L vs(594.62±83.40)EU/L]显著降低(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论芪苈强心胶囊可能通过抑制肠道菌群代谢产物TMAO、LPS改善心肌纤维化,具体机制还需进一步探究。

关键词：心肌梗死芪苈强心胶囊心内膜心肌纤维化症胃肠道微生物组脂多糖类氧化三甲胺

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Stereoselective Access to Polypropionates Expedited by the Double Hydroboration of Allenes: Total Synthesis of Antitumor (−)-Pironetin

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CCS Chemistry 2021年第2期3卷 769-779页

作者： Lin Yang luyao Kong Qi Gu Shunjie Shao Guo-qiang Lin Ran Hong CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances Center for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049

Polyketides,a large class of secondary metabolites,have been of long-standing interest to the synthetic community due to their intriguing biological activities and structural versatility and complexity.A typical structural unit of various natural products,polypropionate,has prompted enormous efforts in the development of novel synthetic methods and strategies in the past five decades.In this study,a non-aldol-type approach based on double hydroboration of allenes has been developed to provide a powerful method for the stereodivergent construction of various polyol stereotriads and stereotetrads that are amenable for synthesizing polypropionates.The stereochemical control is possibly attributable to the boronate complex that aligned itself as a rigid conformation for the second stereoselective hydroboration reaction by suppressing the barotropic rearrangement of allylborane intermediates.The feasibility of preparing the key polypropionate motif facilitates the efficient synthesis of(-)-pironetin,a potentα-tubulin inhibitor halting the cell cycle at M phase.

关键词： allene boronate complex hydroboration,polypropionate total synthesis

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Advances in the Application of Perovskite Materials

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Nano-Micro Letters 2023年第10期15卷 334-381页

作者： Lixiu Zhang luyao Mei Kaiyang Wang Yinhua Lv Shuai Zhang Yaxiao Lian Xiaoke Liu Zhiwei Ma Guanjun Xiao qiang Liu Shuaibo Zhai Shengli Zhang Gengling Liu Ligang Yuan Bingbing Guo Ziming Chen Keyu Wei Aqiang Liu Shizhong Yue Guangda Niu Xiyan Pan Jie Sun Yong Hua Wu‑qiang Wu Dawei Di Baodan Zhao Jianjun Tian Zhijie Wang Yang Yang Liang Chu Mingjian Yuan Haibo Zeng Hin‑Lap Yip Keyou Yan Wentao Xu Lu Zhu Wenhua Zhang Guichuan Xing Feng Gao Liming Ding Center for Excellence in Nanoscience(CAS) Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication(CAS)National Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing 100190People’s Republic of China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049People’s Republic of China Department of Physics Link.ping University58183 Link.pingSweden Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering University of MacaoMacao 999078People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091People’s Republic of China School of Microelectronics Science and Technology Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082People’s Republic of China College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering Nankai UniversityTianjin 300350People’s Republic of China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094People’s Republic of China College of Optical Science and Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012People’s Republic of China College of Electronic and Optical Engineering Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023People’s Republic of China School of Chemistry Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510006People’s Republic of China School of Environment and Energy South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510000People’s Republic of China Department of Chemistry Imperial College LondonLondon W120BZUK College of Chemistry Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071People’s Republic of China Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China School

Nowadays, the soar of photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells has set off a fever in the study of metal halide perovskite materials. The excellent optoelectronic properties and defect tolerance feature allow metal halide perovskite to be employed in a wide variety of applications. This article provides a holistic review over the current progress and future prospects of metal halide perovskite materials in representative promising applications, including traditional optoelectronic devices(solar cells, light-emitting diodes, photodetectors, lasers), and cutting-edge technologies in terms of neuromorphic devices(artificial synapses and memristors) and pressure-induced emission. This review highlights the fundamentals, the current progress and the remaining challenges for each application, aiming to provide a comprehensive overview of the development status and a navigation of future research for metal halide perovskite materials and devices.

关键词： Perovskites Optoelectronic devices Neuromorphic devices Pressure-induced emission

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