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Identification of sources of pollution and contamination in water distribution networks based on pattern recognition

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2012年第7期13卷 559-570页

作者： Tao TAO Ying-jun LU Xiang FU Kun-lun xin College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 200092China State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China

An intrusion of contaminants into the water distribution network (WDN) can occur through storage tanks (via animals, dust-carrying bacteria, and infiltration) and pipes. A sensor network could yield useful observations that help identify the location of the source, the strength, the time of occurrence, and the duration of contamination. This paper proposes a methodology for identifying the contamination sources in a water distribution system, which identifies the key characteristics of contamination, such as location, starting time, and injection rates at different time intervals. Based on simplified hypotheses and associated with a high computational efficiency, the methodology is designed to be a simple and easy-to-use tool for water companies to ensure rapid identification of the contamination sources, The proposed methodology identifies the characteristics of pollution sources by matching the dynamic patterns of the simulated and measured concentrations. The application of this methodology to a literature network and a real WDN are illustrated with the aid of an example. The results showed that if contaminants are transported from the sources to the sensors at intervals, then this method can identify the most possible ones from candidate pollution sources. However, if the contamination data is minimal, a greater number of redundant contamination source nodes will be present. Consequently, more data from different sensors obtained through network monitoring are required to effectively use this method for locating multi-sources of contamination in the WDN.

关键词： Contamination Identification Water distribution network (WDN)

Search for strong galaxy-galaxy lensing in SDSS-Ⅲ BOSS

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2020年第1期20卷 6-18页

作者： xin-lun Cheng Department of Astronomy Tsinghua University

Strong lensing is one of the most spectacular views in the *** cosmological applications have been proposed,but the number of such lensing systems is still *** this work,we applied an improved version of a previously developed spectroscopic lensing search method to the SDSS-Ⅲ BOSS and proposed a list of highly possible ***-up CFHT Megacam imaging observations were performed for five systems,and two out of five are probably strong lensing systems with at least one image close to the central galaxy,although no counter images are detected.

关键词： gravitational lensing:strong techniques:spectroscopic methods:data analysis

重庆市0～3岁婴幼儿托育需求及影响因素研究

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现代预防医学 2024年第16期51卷 2948-2952+2981页

作者：郑静刘伦辛王琅程春梅刘博雅许红重庆医科大学公共卫生学院

目的了解重庆市0～3岁婴幼儿托育需求现状及其影响因素，为健全和完善0～3岁婴幼儿托育政策体系提供参考依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样对重庆市0～3岁婴幼儿家庭托育需求情况进行问卷调查，运用多分类logistic回归全面分析托育需... 详细信息

目的了解重庆市0～3岁婴幼儿托育需求现状及其影响因素，为健全和完善0～3岁婴幼儿托育政策体系提供参考依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样对重庆市0～3岁婴幼儿家庭托育需求情况进行问卷调查，运用多分类logistic回归全面分析托育需求影响因素。结果共调查了11 727个0～3岁婴幼儿家庭，有托育需求占53.4%,已入托月龄主要在24～36月龄，生均月托育费用为2 351.8元，主要在民办托育机构；未入托家庭的托育需求表现为入托月龄在24～36月龄，可接受月托育费用均值为1 607.4元，倾向公办托育机构。多分类回归分析结果显示：父母身份(父亲OR=0.594,95%CI:0.522～0.676)、年龄(OR=1.012,95%CI:1.002～1.021)、城乡(城市OR=1.670,95%CI:1.490～1.871)、教育程度(大学及以下学历OR=0.682,95%CI:0.499～0.931)、职业(机关或事业单位工作者OR=0.814,95%CI,0.665～0.996)、家庭人均月收入(<4 000元OR=0.857,95%CI:0.737～0.995)、家庭共同生活人数(OR=0.915,95%CI:0.874～0.957)、0～3岁婴幼儿月龄(<24月龄OR=0.806,95%CI:0.714～0.908)是重庆市0～3岁婴幼儿托育需求的重要影响因素。结论重庆市托育需求尚未被满足，应呼吁家庭优化父母在育儿照护中的责任分工；政府应加强祖辈照护技能培训，提高家庭照护能力，多途径增加普惠托育供给，降低托育费用。

关键词： 0~3岁婴幼儿托育需求普惠托育

Integrated rainfall-runoff process with shallow water model by mass varied smoothed particle hydrodynamics:Infiltration effect implementation

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2021年第6期33卷 1190-1201页

作者： Xiao-ming Fei He-xiang Yan Tao Tao Kun-lun xin Shu-ping Li Key Laboratory of Cities’Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change in Shanghai China Meteorological Administration(CMACC)Shanghai 200030China College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

Rainfall-runoff modeling is essential for addressing a wide range of issues in urban drainage system design and operation in both scientific research and engineering ***,it has become increasingly attractive to use the smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH)method to model rainfall-runoff because of its inherent features such as mesh-free and automatic adaptiveness for wet-dry ***,one of its inadequacies is the lack of an infiltration effect within rainfall-runoff ***,we propose a new methodology that innovatively integrates the infiltration effect into the shallow water equation(SWE)system with the SPH method(SPH-SWE)to represent a more complete rainfall-runoff *** the proposed method,the mass-varied SPH-SWE(MVSPH-SWE)method is enhanced by integrating the infiltration model.A naked area treatment(NAT)method is subsequently proposed to improve the modeling efficiency and *** obtained numerical results are validated using experimental data from the *** results demonstrate that the proposed method is accurate and *** achievements and findings of this study are expected to improve and extend the use of existing hydrological process models.

关键词： Infiltration effect smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH) rainfall-runoff process mass-varied particle naked area treatment

A comparative study of differential evolution and genetic algorithms for optimizing the design of water distribution systems

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2012年第9期13卷 674-686页

作者： Xiao-lei DONG Sui-qing LIU Tao TAO Shu-ping LI Kun-lun xin College of Environmental Science and Technology Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

The differential evolution （DE） algorithm has been received increasing attention in terms of optimizing the design for the water distribution systems （WDSs）. This paper aims to carry out a comprehensive performarice comparison between the new emerged DE algorithm and the most popular algorithm-the genetic algorithm （GA）. A total of six benchmark WDS case studies were used with the number of decision variables ranging from 8 to 454. A preliminary sensitivity analysis was performed to select the most effective parameter values for both algorithms to enable the fair comparison. It is observed from the results that the DE algorithm consistently outperforms the GA in terms of both efficiency and the solution quality for each case study. Additionally, the DE algorithm was also compared with the previously published optimization algorithms based on the results for those six case studies, indicating that the DE exhibits comparable performance with other algorithms. It can be concluded that the DE is a newly promising optimization algorithm in the design of WDSs.

关键词： Differential evolution (DE) Genetic algorithms (GAs) Optimization Water distribution systems (WDSs)

LOW DOSE PIRFENIDONE SUPPRESSES TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA-1 AND TISSUE INHIBITOR OF METALLOPROTEINASE-1, AND PROTECTS RATS FROM lunG FIBROSIS INDUCED BY BLEOMYCIN

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Chinese Medical Sciences Journal 2006年第3期21卷 145-151页

作者： xin-lun Tian Wei Yao Zi-jian Guo Li Gu Yuan-jue Zhu Department of Respiratory Medicine Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences ＆Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100730

Objective To investigate the optimal dosage of pirfenidone for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin in Wistar rats, and the alteration of expressions of transforming growth factor beta-1 （ TGF-β1 ）, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 （ TIMP-1 ）, and matrix metalloproteinase-13 （ MMP-13 ） in lung tissue. Methods Male Wistar rats were endotracheally instilled with bleomycin or normal saline. Pirfenidone （25-800 mg · kg^-l · d^-1 ）, dexamethasone （3 mg/kg）, or 1% carboxymethylcellulose sodium were given daily by feed 2 days before instillation of bleomycin. Groups T7 and T14 were fed pirfenidone 50 mg · kg^-1 · d^-1 at 7 days or 14 daYs after bleomycin instillation. lungs were harvested at 28 days after bleomycin instillation. Patholological changes in luffg tissues were evaluated with HE staining. lung collagen was stained by sirius red and measured by content of hydroxypro- line. Expression of proteins of TGF-β1 TIMP-1, and MMP-13 were detected by Western blotting. Results At doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg· kg^- 1 · d ^- 1, pirfenidone had significant anti-fibrotic effects for bleomy- cin-induced rat pulmonary fibrosis, and these effects were most significantly attenuated at the dosage of 50 mg · kg^-1 ·d^ -1（ HE： P 〈 0. 01, P 〈 0.01, and P = 0.064; sirius red： P 〈0.05, P 〈 0.01, and P 〈 0.05 ; hydroxyproline： P = 0.595, P 〈 0.01, and P = 0.976）. Pirfenidone at a dosage of 50 mg · kg^- l · d^-1 inhibited protein expression of TGF-131 and TIMP-1 in lung tissue in the early phase （0.79 and 0.75 times of control group）, but had no effect on ex- nr^eelnn nf MMP-13. Conclusion Low dose pirfenidone, especially at dosage of 50 mg · kg^-1 · d^-1, has significant anti-fibrotic effects on bleomycin-induced rat pulmonary fibrosis. Pirfenidone partially inhibits the enhancement of the expression of TGF-131 and TIMP-β1 in lung tissue.

关键词： pulmonary fibrosis bleomycin pirfenidone transforming growth factor beta-1 tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1

The New Transformations and Prospects of Speech Act Research from the Multimodal Perspective

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Journal of Literature and Art Studies 2022年第6期12卷 653-660页

作者： lun xin-yu Macao University of Science and Technology MacaoChina

This article sorts out the research changes on the speech act from a multimodal *** collecting relevant documents from the two major retrieval systems of Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)databases,the research direction of speech behavior in the linguistics field has shown a shift from monomodal to multimodal,and the research object has shown a shift from written language to on-site *** research method has changed from formalization to corpus *** these changes,this article conducts a forward-looking discussion on potential research topics in the future,intending to provide assistance for future research on speech acts.

关键词： multimodality speech act new transformations foresight

Intracellular in situ labeling of Ti02 nanoparticles for fluorescence microscopy detection

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Nano Research 2018年第1期11卷 464-476页

作者： Koshonna Brown Ted Thurn lun xin William Liu Remon Bazak Si Chen Barry Lai Stefan Vogt Chris Jacobsen Tatjana Paunesku Gayle E. Woloschak Department of Radiation Oncology Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University Chicago Illinois 60611 USA X-ray Science Division Advanced Photon Source Argonne National Laboratory 9700 South Cass Avenue Argonne Illinois 60439 USA Department of Physics & Astronomy Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston Illinois 60208 USA

Titanium dioxide （TiO2） nanoparticles are produced for many different purposes, including development of therapeutic and diagnostic nanoparticles for cancer detection and treatment, drug delivery, induction of DNA double-strand breaks, and imaging of specific cells and subcellular structures. Currently, the use of optical microscopy, an imaging technique most accessible to biology and medical patholog36 to detect TiO2 nanoparticles in cells and tissues ex vivo is limited with low detection limits, while more sensitive imaging methods （transmission electron microscopy, X-ray fluorescence microscop~ etc.） have low throughput and technical and operational complications. Herein, we describe two in situ post- treatment labeling approaches to stain TiO2 nanoparticles taken up by the cells. The first approach utilizes fluorescent biotin and fluorescent streptavidin to label the nanoparticles before and after cellular uptake; the second approach is based on the copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, the so-called Click chemistry, for labeling and detection of azide-conjugated TiO2 nanoparticles with alkyne- conjugated fluorescent dyes such as Alexa Fluor 488. To confirm that optical fluorescence signals of these nanoparticles match the distribution of the Ti element, we used synchrotron X-ray fluorescence microscopy （XFM） at the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory. Titanium-specific XFM showed excellent overlap with the location of optical fluorescence detected by confocal microscopy. Therefore, future experiments with TiO2 nanoparticles may safely rely on confocal microscopy after in situ nanoparticle labeling using approaches described here.

关键词： TiO2 nanoparticles anatase Click reaction biotin-streptavidin synchrotron X-ray fluorescence microscopy

Geological Controls on Seismic indicators of Volcanic Gas Reservoirs:A Case Study from the Changling Fault Depression of Songliao Basin,China

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地学前缘 2009年第S1期16卷 148-149页

作者： lun Li,xin Zhang School of Software,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China.

The Songliao basin in northeast China is a Mesozoic rift basin characterized by Mesozoic and Cenozoic hydrocarbon *** Changling fault depression located in the south of the Songliao Basin,

关键词： volcanic gas reservoirs central eruption crevice eruption Changling depression