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Cancer stem-like cells in Epstein-Barr virus-associated nasopharyngeal carcinoma

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2014年第11期33卷 529-538页

作者： Samantha Wei-Man lun Siu-Tim Cheung Kwok-Wai Lo Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology State Key Laboratory in Oncology in South ChinaPrince of Wales Hospital Department of Surgery The University of Hong Kong Li ka Shing Institute of Health Science The Chinese University of Hong Kong

Although the Epstein-Barr virus(EBV) has spread to all populations in the world, EBV-associated nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) is prevalent only in South China and Southeast Asia. The role of EBV in the malignant transformation of nasopharyngeal epithelium is the main focus of current researches. Radiotherapy and chemoradiotherapy have been successful in treating early stage NPC, but the recurrence rates remain high. Unfortunately, local relapse and metastasis are commonly unresponsive to conventional treatments. These recurrent and metastatic lesions are believed to arise from residual or surviving cells that have the properties of cancer stem cells. These cancer stem-like cells(CSCs) have the ability to selfrenew, differentiate, and sustain propagation. They are also chemo-resistant and can form spheres in anchorage-independent environments. This review summarizes recent researches on the CSCs in EBVassociated NPC, including the findings regarding cell surface markers, stem cell-related transcription factors, and various signaling pathways. In particular, the review focuses on the roles of EBV latent genes [latent membrane protein 1(LMP1) and latent membrane protein 2A(LMP2A)], cellular microRNAs, and adenosine triphosphate(ATP)-binding cassette chemodrug transporters in contributing to the properties of CSCs, including the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, stem-like transition, and chemo-resistance. Novel therapeutics that enhance the efficacy of radiotherapy and chemoradiotherapy and inhibitors that suppress the properties of CSCs are also discussed.

关键词：肿瘤干细胞 EB病毒鼻咽癌潜伏膜蛋白1 上皮细胞东南亚地区三磷酸腺苷 EBV

Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging/transrectal ultrasound fusion prostate biopsy with semi-robotic navigation in the Chinese population： initial results

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2018年第1期20卷 93-94页

作者： Wai Kit Ma Brian SH HO Andrew SH Lai ka Cheong lam Yun Sang Chan Lawrance KC Yip Ada TL Ng James HL Tsu Ming Kwong Yiu Division of Urology Department of Surgery The University of Hong Kong Queen Mary Hospital Hong Kong China Department of Diagnostic Radiology The University of Hong Kong Queen Mary Hospital Hong Kong China

Dear Editor, The current standard 12-core systematic transrectal ultrasound （TRUS）-guided biopsy in prostate cancer diagnosis has the disadvantages of overdetecting indolent tumors, while failing to identify clinically significant cancers in up to 35%.1 Advances in imaging techniques, notably the multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging （mpMRI）, allow clinically significant prostate cancers to be detected with more precise localization） Fusion of MRI and real-time TRUS enables targeted biopsy of suspicious lesions, overcoming human error, and inability of biopsy site tracking in cognitive fusion？ Multiple Western series have suggested a higher detection rate, higher specificity, and better risk stratification with fusion biopsy.

关键词： CANCER GUIDANCE SYSTEM

Amelioration of experimental colitis by Astragalus membranaceus through anti-oxidation and inhibition of adhesion molecule synthesis

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世界胃肠病学杂志：英文版 2005年第37期11卷 5787-5794页

作者： Joshua ka-Shun Ko Flora Ying-Lee lam Andrew Pok-Lap Cheung School of Chinese Medicine Hong Kong Baptist University Hong Kong China

AIM: To investigate the protective effects of Astragalus membranaceus(Am) against hapten-induced colitis in male Sprague-Dawley rats as well as its underlying ***: Experimental colitis was induced in rats by enema administration of 2,4-dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS). Rats were either pretreated with Am extract (2 or 4 g/kg, p.o. once daily) starting from 10 d before DNBS enema, or received Am post-treatment (2 or 4 g/kg, *** daily) on the three consecutive days following DNBS administration. Colonic lesion area and histological damage were determined, while the activities of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and xanthine oxidase, as well as reduced glutathione (GSH) content were measured in the excised colonic tissues. Besides, protein expression of inducible nitrite oxide synthase (iNOS), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and P-selectin was also detected by Western blot ***: Our findings had shown that both macroscopic lesion area and histological colonic damage induced by DNBS were significantly reduced by both Am pre- and post-treatments. These were accompanied by attenuation of the elevated colonic MPO activity and downregulation of the iNOS, P-selectin, and ICAM-1 protein ***, deprivation of colonic GSH level under colitis condition was also ***: These results demonstrate that Am possesses both preventive and therapeutic potential in experimental colitis. The anti-inflammatory actions involve anti-oxidation along with inhibition of adhesion molecule synthesis in the colonic tissues.

关键词：大肠炎紫云英抗氧化作用支持分子

Traditional Chinese medicine poisoning in the emergency departments in Hong Kong: Trend, clinical presentation and predictors for poor outcome

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2021年第2期12卷 143-150页

作者： Rex Pui Kin lam Eric Ho Yin Lau Wai lam Yip Joe kai Shing Leung Matthew Sik Hon Tsui Emergency Medicine Unit Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongHong KongChina Accident and Emergency Department Queen Mary HospitalHong KongChina Accident and Emergency Department Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern HospitalHong KongChina School of Public Health Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Dear editor,Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is popular in many countries,especially in the Chinese population.^([1,2]) In Hong Kong,it has been estimated that around 15%of the population consumed Chinese medicine products/herbs in the preceding *** reasons for consumption include regulating bodily functions,curing disease,and building up health.

关键词： has editor curing

防污损涂料添加剂Irgarol-1051降解产物对H4IIE鼠肝癌细胞的基因影响(英文)

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Journal of Southeast University(English Edition) 2014年第4期30卷 506-513页

作者：许妍林家豪林汉华东南大学土木工程学院南京210096 香港城市大学生物与化学系

为研究海洋防污损涂料添加剂Irogarol-1051的降解产物M2的基因毒性,应用微阵列技术,选取Affymetrix公司鼠基因组230 2.0基因芯片检测30μmol/L M2暴露下的鼠肝癌细胞基因表达变化.实验结果显示,96 h的M2暴露导致了38个基因在全部4组可... 详细信息

为研究海洋防污损涂料添加剂Irogarol-1051的降解产物M2的基因毒性,应用微阵列技术,选取Affymetrix公司鼠基因组230 2.0基因芯片检测30μmol/L M2暴露下的鼠肝癌细胞基因表达变化.实验结果显示,96 h的M2暴露导致了38个基因在全部4组可能的对照/暴露中均发生显著变化(p<0.002 5),其中只有Accn5基因研究较为透彻,该基因表达的抑制可能影响上皮钠通道的功能.此外,分别有10和82个功能注释基因在至少一组对照/暴露组中上调和下调.M2诱导的基因主要和细胞核(细胞成分)相关.M2抑制的基因则主要影响生物过程中的G蛋白偶联信号通路功能和细胞成分中的细胞膜内整合功能.

关键词： Irgarol-1051 降解产物M2 微阵列基因表达基因毒性

Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy for Gastric Cancer with Peritoneal Carcinomatosis: Is HIPEC the Only Answer?

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Modern Chemotherapy 2014年第2期3卷 11-19页

作者： ka-On lam Betty Tsz-Ting Law Simon Ying-Kit Law Dora Lai-Wan Kwong Department of Clinical Oncology LKS Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Department of Surgery LKS Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

Gastric cancer with peritoneal carcinomatosis is notorious for its dismal prognosis. While the pathophysiology of peritoneal dissemination is still controversial, the rapid downhill course is universal. Patients usually suffer abdominal distension, intestinal obstruction and various complications before they succumb after a median of 3 - 6 months. Although not adopted in most international treatment guidelines, intraperitoneal chemotherapy has growing evidence compared with conventional systemic chemotherapy for the treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis. Cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy is well-established for clinical benefit but is technically demanding with substantial treatment-related morbidities and mortality. On the other hand, normothermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in the form of bidirectional neoadjuvant treatment is promising with various newer chemotherapeutic agents. Regardless of the treatment technique applied, the essential element of success is meticulous patient selection and availability of expertise. Future direction is along the line of personalized treatment with the application of translational science.

关键词： Gastric Cancer Peritoneal Carcinomatosis Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC) Neoadjuvant Intraperitoneal/Systemic Chemotherapy (NIPS) Cytoreductive Surgery

Does <i>Culicoides</i>spp. (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) Not Suck Human Blood in Riparian Habitat of a National Park

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Advances in Entomology 2017年第3期5卷 93-98页

作者： Ying-Hsi Lin Meng-Tieh Yu Tzu-Wen Kuo ka-Iong lam Jeng-Tze Yang Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology Yuanpei University of Medical Technology Taiwan Department of Entomology National Chung Hsing University Taiwan Department of Entomology Agriculture and Forestry University Chitwan Nepal

Is the wild animal conservation result in Taiwan good enough to provide the blood resources for the blood sucking insect and cause the insect behavior changed? Based on the bimonthly investigation of Culicoides sp. in Wuling area, Sheipar National Park, by both human bait method and light trap method, we found that there were totally 13,191 individuals trapped by light trap and collected but no one single Culicoides sp. trapped by human bait during the study period of Wuling Long Term Ecological Research (WLTER) in 2012. Two of the three sites were recorded and reported as the midge attacked the ranger and tourists of Sheipa National Park in 2010 and 2011 respectively. Along with the study of WLTER some wild animals encounter more often than before, especially the bird population in the riparian ecosystem of the mountain river Chi Chia Wan Stream. On the other end, Culicoides sp. preferred to the blood of birds and amphibians as well as mammals according to the article review. So, the effectiveness of blood resource from wild animals may cause the behavior of blood sucking insect like as Culicoides sp. shifted to or returned back to the original and the favorite blood resource.

关键词： Culicoides Human Bait Method Light Trap Method Blood Resource

NOD2 和 TLR2 ligands 由在遗传性过敏症的像皮炎的皮肤发炎与真皮的成纤维细胞交往触发 basophils 和嗜曙红血球的激活

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2016年第4期13卷 535-550页

作者： Delong Jiao Chun-Kwok Wong Huai-Na Qiu Jie Dong Zhe Cai Man Chu kam-lun Hon Miranda Sin-Man Tsang Christopher Wai-Kei lam Department of Chemical Pathology The Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital Shatin NT Hong Kong China Institute of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Department of Paediatrics The Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital Shatin NT Hong Kong China State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine Macao institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health Macao University of Science and Technology Taipa Macao People's Republic of China

The skin of patients with atopic dermatitis （AD） has a unique predisposition for colonization by Staphylococcus aureus （S. aureus）, which contributes to the inflammation and grim prognosis of AD. Although the mechanism underlying the S. aureus-induced exacerbation of AD remains unclear, recent studies have found a pivotal role for pattern recognition receptors in regulating the inflammatory responses in S. aureus infection. In the present study, we used a typical mouse model of AD-like skin inflammation and found that S. aureus-associated nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 （NOD2） and toll-like receptor 2 （TLR2） ligands exacerbated AD-like symptoms, which were further deteriorated by the in vivo expansion of basophils and eosinophils. Subsequent histological analyses revealed that dermal fibroblasts were pervasive in the AD-like skin lesions, Co-culture of human dermal fibroblasts with basophils and eosinophils resulted in a vigorous cytokine/chemokine response to the NOD2/TLR2 ligands and the enhanced expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 on the dermal fibroblasts. Basophils and eosinophils were primarily responsible for the AD-related cytokine/chemokine expression in the co-cultures. Direct intercellular contact was necessary for the crosstalk between basophils and dermal fibroblasts, while soluble mediators were sufficient to mediate the eosinophil-fibroblast interactions. Moreover, the intracellular p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, and nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathways were essential for NOD2/TLR2 ligand-mediated activation of basophils, eosinophils, and dermal fibroblasts in AD-related inflammation. This study provides the evidence of NOD2/TLR2-mediated exacerbation of AD through activation of innate immune cells and therefore sheds light on a novel mechanistic pathway bv which S. aureus contributes to the DathoDhvsiology of AD.

关键词： atopic dermatitis basophils, eosinophils NOD2 TLR2

Spontaneous basilar artery dissection

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Spontaneous basilar artery dissection