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Spatial cluster mapping and environmental modeling in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第23期29卷 3688-3702页

作者： Mielle Michaux Justin M Chan luke Bergmann Luis f Chaves Brian Klinkenberg Kevan Jacobson Department of Pediatrics Division of GastroenterologyHepatology and NutritionFaculty of MedicineBritish Columbia Children’s HospitalUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouver V6H 3V4British ColumbiaCanada British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute British Columbia Children’s HospitalVancouver V5Z 4H4British ColumbiaCanada Department of Geography University of British ColumbiaVancouver V6T 1Z2British ColumbiaCanada Department of Environmental and Occupational Health School of Public HealthIndiana UniversityBloomingtonIN 47405United States Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences University of British ColumbiaVancouver V6T 1Z3British ColumbiaCanada

BACKGROUND Geographical(geospatial)clusters have been observed in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)incidence and linked to environmental determinants of disease,but pediatric spatial patterns in North America are *** hypothesized that we would identify geospatial clusters in the pediatric IBD(PIBD)population of British Columbia(BC),Canada and associate incidence with ethnicity and environmental *** To identify PIBD clusters and model how spatial patterns are associated with population ethnicity and environmental *** One thousand one hundred eighty-three patients were included from a BC Children’s Hospital clinical registry who met the criteria of diagnosis with IBD≤age 16.9 from 2001–2016 with a valid postal code on file.A spatial cluster detection routine was used to identify areas with similar *** ecological analysis employed Poisson rate models of IBD,Crohn’s disease(CD),and ulcerative colitis(UC)cases as functions of areal population ethnicity,rurality,average family size and income,average population exposure to green space,air pollution,and vitamin-D weighted ultraviolet light from the Canadian Environmental Health Research Consortium,and pesticide *** Hot spots(high incidence)were identified in Metro Vancouver(IBD,CD,UC),southern Okanagan regions(IBD,CD),and Vancouver Island(CD).Cold spots(low incidence)were identified in Southeastern BC(IBD,CD,UC),Northern BC(IBD,CD),and on BC’s coast(UC).No high incidence hot spots were detected in the densest urban *** results were represented as incidence rate ratios(IRR)with 95%*** risk factors for PIBD included fine particulate matter(PM2.5)pollution(IRR=1.294,CI=1.113-1.507,Pf petroleum oil to orchards and grapes(IRR=1.135,CI=1.007-1.270,P=0.033).South Asian population(IRR=1.020,CI=1.011-1.028,Pfactor and Indigenous population(IRR=0.956,CI=0.941-0.971,Pfamily size(IRR=0.467,CI=0.268-0.81

关键词： Inflammatory bowel diseases Crohn disease Ulcerative colitis Pesticides Air pollution South Asian people

The structure of colloidal polyethylenimine-silica nanocomposite microparticles

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Particuology 2023年第5期76卷 86-100页

作者： Alexandra Semenova luke W.Giles Mark Louis P.Vidallon Bart follink Paul L.Brown Rico f.Tabor School of Chemistry Monash University19 Rainforest Walk.Clayton3800Australia Rio Tinto Bundoora Technical Development Centre1 Research AvenueBundoora3083Australia

Deposition of silica from an organosilane tetraethoxysilane(TEOS)onto parent polyethylenimine(PEI)microgel particles produces a novel PEI-silica nanocomposite,which possesses greater adsorption ca-pacity for copper ions than either parent *** study explores factors governing interactions of silica with the PEI matrix,along with structural features of resulting PEI-silica composite particles,to explain their properties and determine their application *** influence of initial TEOS/PEI mass ratio and the duration of silica deposition on the final silica content and distribution in the composite are studied.A comparative analysis of the structural architecture of chemically etched silica remnants,original PEI-silica composite particles and the parent PEI-microgel is carried out using X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy,small-angle X-ray scattering,and electron microscopy *** is found that silica sol nanoparticles are evenly distributed throughout the PEI-microgel framework and interlinked with it via electrostatic interactions,enabling a structural model of the PEI-silica nanocomposite to be *** chemical stability of resulting nanocomposite particles in parallel with the parent PEI-microgel is tested and shown to be robust for more than 100 days of storage in aqueous dispersions across a range of pH conditions,highlighting the application potential for these particles in copper capture.

关键词： Polyethylenimine Silica Organic-inorganic composite Nano-scale morphology Small angle X-ray scattering

An efficient semi-blind source extraction algorithm and its applications to biomedical signal extraction

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Science in China(Series f) 2009年第10期52卷 1863-1874页

作者： YE YaLan SHEU Phillip C-Y ZENG JiaZhi WANG Gang luke School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 610054 China Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California Irvine CA 92697-2625 USA School of Life Science and Technology University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 610054 China

In many applications, such as biomedical engineering, it is often required to extract a desired signal instead of all source signals. This can be achieved by blind source extraction （BSE） or semi-blind source extraction, which is a powerful technique emerging from the neural network field. In this paper, we propose an efficient semi-blind source extraction algorithm to extract a desired source signal as its first output signal by using a priori information about its kurtosis range. The algorithm is robust to outliers and spiky noise because of adopting a classical robust contrast function. And it is also robust to the estimation errors of the kurtosis range of the desired signal providing the estimation errors are not large. The algorithm has good extraction performance, even in some poor situations when the kurtosis values of some source signals are very close to each other. Its convergence stability and robustness are theoretically analyzed. Simulations and experiments on artificial generated data and real-world data have confirmed these results.

关键词： blind source extraction blind source separation independent component analysis electrocardiogram fetal ECG Atrial fibrillation

Resurgence of dengue in the Philippines

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World Journal of Virology 2024年第3期13卷 7-9页

作者： Jasmine S Interior Kyrsten Jannae J Bigay Remigo Angelo A Iringan Mary Beth f Tanco St.luke's Medical Center College of Medicine-William H.Quasha Memorial Quezon 1112Philippines

The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has significantly influenced the epidemiological landscape of various infectious diseases such as *** is an endemic disease in the Philippines,which showed a significant de-cline in the number of cases beginning in March 2020 due to the stringent public health measures implemented to curb COVID-19 ***,the easing of these restrictions subsequently led to a resurgence in dengue cases,as reported by the World Health Organization,with a notable increase compared to previous *** the country navigates towards a post-pandemic phase,addressing the resurgence of dengue requires sustained efforts in vector control,surveillance,and healthcare *** article underscores the critical need for collab-orative efforts among stakeholders to mitigate the resurgence of dengue while managing the ongoing recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic.

关键词： Dengue Dengue fever COVID-19 Pandemic SARS-CoV-2 Philippines

Bridging the Divide Between Iterative Optical Polishing and Automation

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Nanomanufacturing and Metrology 2023年第3期6卷 69-90页

作者： David Walker Juan I.Ahuir‑Torres Yasemin Akar Paul A.Bingham Xun Chen Michal Darowski Oliver fähnle Philippe Gambron frankie f.Jackson Hongyu Li luke Mason Rakesh Mishra Abdullah Shahjalal Guoyu Yu University of Huddersfeld Laboratory for Ultra Precision Surfaces SciTech DaresburyTechSpace OneDaresbury WA44ABUK General Engineering Research Institute Liverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpool L33AFUK Department of Engineering and Technology University of HuddersfeldWest Yorkshire HD13DHUK Materials and Engineering Research Institute Shefeld Hallam UniversityShefeld S11WBUK Departement Technik OST-Eastern Switzerland University of Applied SciencesWerdenbergstrasse 49471 BuchsSwitzerland Research Center for Space Optical Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China STfC Hartree Centre Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcot OX110DEUK Daresbury Laboratory STFC Hartree CentreDaresbury WA44ADUK Department of ICT University of AgderGrimstadNorway Zeeko Ltd CoalvilleLeicestershire LL673FWUK

Several recent business reports have described the global growth in demand for optical and photonic components,paralleled by technical reports on the growing shortage of skilled manufacturing staff to meet this *** is remarkable that producing ultraprecision surfaces remains so dependent on people,in contrast to other sectors of the economy,e.g.,car ***,training can play some role,but ultimately,only process automation can provide the *** paper explores why automation is a challenge and summarizes multidisciplinary work aiming to assemble the building blocks required to realize automation.

关键词： Optics Photonics Polishing Glass Ultraprecision Abrasives Asphere free-form Deterministic

Iron-Catalysed C(sp^(2))-H Borylation with Expanded functional Group Tolerance

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2022年第24期40卷 2875-2881页

作者： luke Britton Jamie H.Docherty Gary S.Nichol Andrew P.Dominey Stephen P.Thomas EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of EdinburghEdinburghEH93FJ United Kingdom GSK Medicines Research Centre StevenageSG12NY United Kingdom

Arene C(sp^(2))-H bond borylation offers direct and efficient access to aryl boronic *** in situ catalyst activation and photoirradiation,the iron-catalysed C(sp^(2))-H borylation reaction of carboarenes,pyrroles,and indoles has been developed using only bench-stable pre-catalysts and *** functional group tolerance was observed including those not reported using previous methods(ArNH_(2),ArOH,ArSiR_(3),ArP(O)(O)_(2),ArC(O)NR_(2)).Mechanistic studies revealed iron-catalysed reductive deoxygenation,C—f protodefluorination,and a demethylation of aryl methyl ethers by C—O sigma bond hydroboration.

关键词： Iron Earth-abundant C-H borylation Boron Photochemistry

A rare autosomal recessive condition,congenital erythropoietic porphyria,found in the canefield rat Rattus sordidus Gould 1858

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Integrative Zoology 2008年第3期3卷 216-218页

作者： Dario f.RIVERA luke K.-P.LEUNG School of Animal Studies University of QueenslandGattonQueenslandAustralia

Congenital erythropoietic porphyria (CEP) is a rare autosomal recessive condition that has been reported in humansand in some animals, in which uroporphyrin 1 is deposited in the bones, teeth and urine, resulting in pink colorationand fluorescence of the tissues and urine under long-wave ultraviolet (UV) light. We observed red teeth in nine of450 canefield rats (Rattus sordidus) captured in a small, isolated patch of sugarcane in Tully, north Queensland,Australia. The skeletons of these animals were excised and were found to be bright red under normal day *** UV light, the skeleton had a bright red fluorescence. It is plausible that the canefield rat population in thisisolated patch of sugarcane is small and inbreeding might have occurred, resulting in incidences of the autosomalrecessive genes that cause CEP. The canefield rat can be used as an animal model for research into porphyria.

关键词： autosomal congenital erythropoietic porphyria Rattus sordidus recessive

Spin frustration and magnetic ordering in triangular lattice antiferromagnet Ca_3CoNb_2O_9

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Chinese Physics B 2015年第12期24卷 549-553页

作者：代佳周萍王朋帅庞斐 Tim J.Munsie Graeme M.luke 张金珊于伟强 Department of Physics Renmin University of China Department of Physics and Astronomy Mc Master University Canadian Institute for Advanced Research School of Energy Power and Mechanical Engineering North China Electric Power University

We synthesized a quasi-two-dimensional distorted triangular lattice antiferromagnet Ca3CoNb2O9, in which the effective spin of Co2＋is 1/2 at low temperatures, whose magnetic properties were studied by dc susceptibility and magnetization techniques. The x-ray diffraction confirms the quality of our powder samples. The large Weiss constant θCW --55 K and the low Neel temperature TN- 1.45 K give a frustration factor f =｜ θCW/TN｜≈ 38, suggesting that Ca3 Co Nb2O9resides in strong frustration regime. Slightly below TN, deviation between the susceptibility data under zero-field cooling（ZfC）and field cooling（fC） is observed. A new magnetic state with 1/3 of the saturate magnetization Ms is suggested in the magnetization curve at 0.46 K. Our study indicates that Ca3 Co Nb2O9is an interesting material to investigate magnetism in triangular lattice antiferromagnets with weak anisotropy.

关键词： Ca3CoNb2O9 triangular lattice frustration spin glass magnetization plateau

Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy and Sudden Infant Death Using the National Maternal and Infant Health Survey: A Case-Case Study

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2011年第3期2卷 318-324页

作者： Kathleen f Brookfield James D Wilkinson Barbara luke Kristopher Arheart Eleni Sfakianaki 不详

We utilized data from the National Maternal and Infant Health Survey (NMHIS) to analyze the risk of SIDS and other infant deaths among women who smoke during pregnancy adjusting for potentially modifiable risk factors such as secondhand smoke exposure and breastfeeding. The following variables were assessed with respect to risk for SIDS and other infant deaths: smoking exposure, level of education, infant and maternal age, infant and maternal birthweight, maternal BMI, gender, secondhand smoke exposure, breast feeding, prenatal vitamins, WIC, multiple gestation, sleep apnea monitor prescription, sleep apnea incidents and maternal alcohol use. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were performed to identify variables significantly associated with the odds of mortality from SIDS. Analysis utilized weighted estimates using SUDAAN 9.0.0 to adjust for design effects. A p-value ficant. Women who smoked during pregnancy were 1.83 times more likely to give birth to an infant that died from SIDS versus some other cause of death, OR (95%) = 1.83(1.33, 2.51). Other Race infants and Black infants were more likely to suffer SIDS mortality than White infants, but the result was not significant in the final model. Other modifiable risk factors, such as secondhand smoke exposure and breast feeding, were not significant predictors of SIDS mortality. Independent of sociodemographic variables and other potential risk factors for SIDS death, maternal smoking was associated with an increased risk of SIDS death versus other death. This study highlights the importance of screening all pregnant women for tobacco use and emphasizes the importance of smoking cessation to decrease the risk of infant death from SIDS.

关键词： Sudden Infant Death Smoking Pregnancy Passive Smoking Breastfeeding