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Modelling of Propagating Shear Waves in Biotissue Employing an Internal Variable Approach to Dissipation

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Communications in Computational Physics 2008年第3期3卷 603-640页

作者： H.t.Banks Nicholas S.luke Center for Research in Scientific Computation North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695-8205USA.

the ability to reliably detect coronary artery disease based on the acousticnoises produced by a stenosis can provide a simple, non-invasive technique for *** research exploits the shear wave fields in body tissue to detect andanalyze coronary stenoses. the methods and ideas outlined in earlier efforts [6] includinga mathematical model utilizing an internal strain variable approximation tothe quasi-linear viscoelastic constitutive equation proposed by Fung in [19] is extendedhere. As an initial investigation, a homogeneous two-dimensional viscoelastic geometryis considered. Being uniform in θ, this geometry behaves as a one dimensionalmodel, and the results generated from it are compared to the one dimensional resultsfrom [6]. to allow for different assumptions on the elastic response, several variationsof the model are considered. A statistical significance test is employed to determine ifthe more complex models are significant improvements. After calibrating the modelwith a comparison to previous findings, more complicated geometries are *** involving a heterogeneous geometrywith a uniformring running throughthe original medium, a θ-dependent model which considers a rigid partial occlusionformed along the inner radius of the geometry, and a model which combines the ringand occlusion are presented.

关键词： Viscoelasticity partial differential equations shear waves biotissue.

A systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the effect of sperm DNA damage on in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcome

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2017年第1期19卷 80-90页

作者： luke Simon Armand Zini Alina Dyachenko Antonio Ciampi Douglas t Carrell Department of Surgery (Urology) University of Utah School of Medicine Salt Lake City UT USA Division of Urology Department of Surgery St. Mary's Hospital Center St. Mary's Hospital 3830 Lacombe Avenue Montreal Quebec H3T 1M5 Canada Department of Human Genetics University of Utah School of Medicine Salt Lake City UT USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Utah School of Medicine Salt Lake City UT USA.

Sperm DNA damage is prevalent among infertile men and is known to influence natural reproduction. However, the impact of sperm DNA damage on assisted reproduction outcomes remains controversial. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis of studies on sperm DNA damage （assessed by SCSA, tUNEL, SCD, or Comet assay） and clinical pregnancy after IVF and/or ICSI treatment from MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PUBMED database searches for this analysis. We identified 41 articles （with a total of 56 studies） including 16 IVF studies, 24 ICSI studies, and 16 mixed （IVF ＋ ICSI） studies. these studies measured DNA damage （by one of four assays： 23 SCSA, 18 tUNEL, 8 SCD, and 7 Comet） and included a total of 8068 treatment cycles （3734 IVF, 2282 ICSI, and 2052 mixed IVF ＋ ICSI）. the combined OR of 1.68 （95% Ch 1.49-1.89; P 〈 0.0001） indicates that sperm DNA damage affects clinical pregnancy following IVF and/or ICSI treatment. In addition, the combined OR estimates of IVF （16 estimates, OR = 1.65; 95% CI： 1.34-2.04; P 〈 0.0001）, ICSI （24 estimates, OR = 1.31; 95% Ch 1.08-1.59; P = 0.0068）, and mixed IVF ＋ ICSI studies （16 estimates, OR = 2.37; 95% Ch 1.89-2.97; P〈 0.0001） were also statistically significant. there is sufficient evidence in the existing literature suggesting that sperm DNA damage has a negative effect on clinical pregnancy following IVF and/or ICSI treatment.

关键词： assisted reproductive technology outcomes clinical pregnancy meta-analysis sperm DNA damage systematic review

Late immune consequences of combat trauma: A review of trauma-related immune dysfunction and potential therapies

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Military Medical Research 2019年第4期6卷 340-353页

作者： Kelly B.thompson luke t.Krispinsky Ryan J.Stark Division of Critical Care Medicine Department of PediatricsVanderbilt University School of Medicine2200 Children’s WayNashvilleTN 37232USA Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine Department of PediatricsUniformed Services UniversityNaval Medical Center PortsmouthPortsmouthVA 23708USA

With improvements in personnel and vehicular body armor,robust casualty evacuation capabilities,and damage control resuscitation strategies,more combat casualties are surviving to reach higher levels of care throughout the casualty evacuation *** such,medical centers are becoming more accustomed to managing the deleterious late consequences of combat trauma related to the dysregulation of the immune *** this review,we aim to highlight these late consequences and identify areas for future research and therapeutic *** leads to the dysregulation of both the innate and adaptive immune responses,which places the injured at risk for several late consequences,including delayed wound healing,late onset sepsis and infection,multi-organ dysfunction syndrome,and acute respiratory distress syndrome,which are significant for their association with the increased morbidity and mortality of wounded *** mechanisms by which these consequences develop are complex but include an imbalance of the immune system leading to robust inflammatory responses,triggered by the presence of damage associated molecules and other immune-modifying agents following *** strategies to improve outcomes have been difficult to develop as the immunophenotype of injured personnel following trauma is variable,fluid and difficult to *** more information regarding the triggers that lead to immune dysfunction following trauma is elucidated,it may be possible to identify the immunophenotype of injured personnel and provide targeted treatments to reduce the late consequences of trauma,which are known to lead to significant morbidity and mortality.

关键词： trauma Sepsis Compensatory anti-inflammatory response syndrome Persistent inflammationimmunosuppression and catabolism syndrome Immune dysfunction

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A note on a boundary condition for spouted beds

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Particuology 2010年第6期8卷 536-538页

作者： norman Epstein Department of Chemical&Biological Engineering The University of British Columbia2216 Main MallVancouverB.C.Canada V6T 1Z3

the boundary condition, zero solids pressure at the top of a particle bed of maximum spoutable height, Hm, is shown to eliminate any resort to empiricism in the derivation of the fluid velocity in the annulus of a spouted bed for which both viscous and inertial effects are taken into account. the same boundary condition fails when applied to a spouted bed for which the bed height H 〈 Hm, especially when H 〈 0.8Hm.

关键词： Spouted beds Annulus flow Boundary condition Particle-fluid hydrodynamics

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transitioning from paternalism to empowerment of farmers in lowincome countries: Farming components to systems

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第8期14卷 1490-1499页

作者： David norman Agricultural Economics Department Kansas State University

Reasons for the initiation of farming systems/participatory approaches in non-Green Revolution（i.e., in more heterogeneous and less favourable production environments） areas in low-income countries is followed by a discussion of their *** phases are described along, with a brief description of some of the significant methods in which farmer participation has been sought, accessed and *** enabled/facilitated the evolutionary ***, over the last 40 years there has been a progress in making small-scale farmers much more visible in driving the agricultural research/development agenda through using the four basic stages embodied in the farming systems approach（i.e., descriptive, diagnosis, testing/evaluation and finally dissemination）, much still needs to be *** leads on to a discussion as to some of the barriers still inhibiting true farmer empowerment and why further, such empowerment is imperative, if the agricultural challenges of this century are to be addressed successfully, namely substantially increasing agricultural productivity in an ecologically sustainable *** the heterogeneity of the production environments and that many identified improvements are likely to be incremental rather than revolutionary in nature, this will require farmers＇ intimate involvement in their identification, evaluation and *** in the paper recognizes that there is increasing globalization/commercialization of agriculture and is predicated on the need to consider the whole farmer-research-development continuum involving multiple stakeholders（i.e., farmers, scientists, extension workers, input/output service providers and policymakers）.Such a continuum has been explicitly recognized in the operational plans for the recently reformed international agricultural research（i.e., CGIAR） *** paper concludes with a short discussion on the potential role of formal modelling.

关键词： farming systems research farmer empowerment farmer participatory approaches/techniques globalisation commercialisation conservat

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Inferring the genome-wide history of grasses

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Molecular Plant 2022年第4期15卷 591-592页

作者： Matheus E.Bianconi Pascal-Antoine Christin luke t.Dunning Ecology and Evolutionary Biology School of BiosciencesUniversity of SheffieldWestern BankSheffield S102TNUK Department of Biology University of FribourgChemin du Musée 101700 FribourgSwitzerland

Establishing the relationships among organisms is fundamental to numerous fields in biology,including systematics,evolutionary biology,and *** relationships are represented via phylogenetic trees,which depict the history of genes and capture both speciation and gene duplication *** multiple genes are analyzed simultaneously,the history of the genomes and the species that bear them can be reconstructed,as well as episodes of genetic exchanges among *** genomics revolution and analytical advancements have led to large-scale genome-wide phy-logenies resolving the history of an increasing number of taxonomic groups and revealing in some cases complex histories of ***,large groups of plants remain to be analyzed in depth.

关键词： simultaneous revealing evolutionary

transport mechanism in chemically reactive hybrid nanofluid flow containing gyrotactic micro-organisms over a curved oscillatory surface

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 177-192页

作者： M.NAVEED M.IMRAN t.ASGHAR Z.ABBAS Department of Mathematics Division of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Education Department of Mathematics The Islamia University of Bahawalpur

this paper examines the transport analysis, including both heat transfer and mass transfer, in hybrid nanofluid flow containing gyrotactic microorganisms towards a curved oscillatory surface. the influence of magnetic fields is also inspected in terms of their physical characteristics. to depict the phenomena of transport, modified versions of both Fick's and Fourier's laws are used. Additionally, the characteristics of both heterogeneous and homogeneous chemical reactions are also incorporated. Utilizing a curvilinear coordinate system, the flow problem is formulated as partial differential equations(PDEs)for momentum, concentration, microorganism field, and energy. An analytical solution to the obtained flow equations is achieved utilizing the homotopy analysis method(HAM).the effects of significant flow parameters on the pressure and microorganism fields, velocity, oscillation velocity, concentration, and temperature distributions are shown via graphs. Furthermore, the variations in skin friction, mass transfer rate, heat transfer rate, and local motile number due to different involved parameters are presented in tables and are analyzed in detail. Graphical results indicate that the curves of velocity and temperature fields are enhanced as the values of the solid volume fraction variables *** is also verified that the concentration rate field decreases as the values of the homogeneous reaction strength parameter and the radius of curvature parameter increase, and it increases with the Schmidt number and the heterogeneous reaction strength *** outcomes show a favorable response of the motile number to advanced values of the Peclet number, the Schmidt number, the microorganism difference parameter, and the bio-convective Lewis number.

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Cremaster muscle thickening: the anatomic difference in men with testicular retraction due to hyperactive cremaster muscle reflex

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2023年第4期25卷 484-486页

作者： Parviz K Kavoussi Hayden t Henderson Kayla Hudson Romtin Mehrabani-Farsi Graham luke Machen Austin Fertility and Reproductive Medicine/Westlake IVF AustinTX 78746USA

the objective was to assess whether men suffering from testicular retraction secondary to hyperactive cremaster muscle reflex havean anatomic difference in the thickness of the cremaster muscle in comparison to men who do not have retraction. From March2021 to December 2021, 21 men underwent microsurgical subinguinal cremaster muscle release (MSCMR) on 33 spermatic cordunits, as 12 of them had bilateral surgery, at Surgicare of South Austin Ambulatory Surgery Center in Austin, tX, USA. Duringthat same time frame, 36 men underwent subinguinal microsurgical varicocele repair on 41 spermatic cord units, as 5 werebilateral for infertility. the thickness of cremaster muscles was measured by the operating surgeon in men undergoing MSCMRand varicocele repair. Comparison was made between the cremaster muscle thickness in men with testicular retraction due toa hyperactive cremaster muscle reflex undergoing MSCMR and the cremaster muscle thickness in men undergoing varicocelerepair for infertility with no history of testicular retraction, which served as an anatomic control. the mean cremaster musclethickness in men who underwent MSCMR was significantly greater than those undergoing varicocele repair for infertility, witha mean cremaster muscle thickness of 3.9 (standard deviation [s.d.]: 1.2) mm vs 1.0 (s.d.: 0.4) mm, respectively. Men withtesticular retraction secondary to a hyperactive cremaster muscle reflex demonstrate thicker cremaster muscles than controls,those undergoing varicocele repair. An anatomic difference may be a beginning to understanding the pathology in men whostruggle with testicular retraction.

关键词： cremaster muscle orchialgia testicular retraction

Speciation:genomic sequence data and the biogeography of speciation

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National Science Review 2022年第12期9卷 13-14页

作者： norman A.Johnson Department of Biology University of Massachusetts–Amherst

two papers in this issue show how the use of genomic sequence data can illuminate the biogeography of the speciation ***,I provide a backdrop to these studies,with a brief history of the use of markers and the biogeog... 详细信息

关键词： Speciation:genomic sequence data and the biogeography of speciation