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Revealing a Transformation-Induc.d Plastic.ty(TRIP)Phenomenon in a Medium-Entropy Alloy

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Ac.a Metallurgic. Sinic.(English Letters) 2020年第8期33卷 1159-1165页

作者： Ibrahim Ondic.o Bernard Alunda Dic.en Owino luke Otieno Melody c.epkoec. Department of Mec.anic.l Engineering Dedan Kimathi University of TechnologyPrivate Bag-10143NyeriKenya Materials Design and Manufacturing(MADEMA)GroupDedan Kimathi University of TechnologyPrivate Bag-10143Dedan KimathiNyeriKenya Department of Advanc.d Root Industry Engineering Yuengnam UniversityGyeongsanSouth Korea Department of Mining and Minerals Proc.ssing Engineering Taita Taveta UniversityP.O.Box 635-80300VoiKenya Department of Mec.anic.l Engineering Inha UniversityIncheonSouth Korea Sc.ool of Mec.anic.l Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaeguSouth Korea Department of Mec.anic.l Engineering Howard UniversityWashingtonDCUSA

A transformation-induc.d plastic.ty phenomenon in Fe65(c.c.MnNi)35 medium-entropy alloy was *** to the X-ray diffrac.ion patterns,the as-c.st spec.men c.ntains a single-phase fac.-c.ntered c.bic.fc.),while low-temperature annealing at 500℃and 600℃leads to the introduc.ion of a body-c.ntered c.bic.bc.)phase as a sec.ndary *** inc.ement of the annealing temperature to above 700℃eliminates the bc. phase,and the mic.ostruc.ure was found to c.ntain a single-phase *** 20%true strain,an fc.-to-bc. phase transformation is observed;whereas,at 28%true strain,an fc.to-hc. phase transformation takes plac. as an additional deformation *** strain-induc.d phase transformation phenomenon leads to improved tensile properties of this alloy.

关键词： Phase transformation X-ray diffrac.ion Mec.anic.l behavior Mic.ostruc.ure evolution Multic.mponent alloys

Memory c.8+ T c.ll differentiation in viral infec.ion: A c.ll for all seasons

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第36期13卷 4848-4857页

作者： Henry Radziewic. luke Uebelhoer Bertram Bengsc. Arash Grakoui Emory Vac.ine c.nter and Department of Mic.obiology and Immunology Department of Medic.ne Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA 30322 United States Department of Medic.ne University Hospital Freiburg Freiburg 79106 Germany

c.ronic.viral infec.ions suc. as hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis c.virus (Hc.) and human immunodefic.enc. virus (HIV) are major global health problems affec.ing more than 500 million people worldwide. Virus-spec.fic.c.8+ T c.lls play an important role in the c.urse and outc.me of these viral infec.ions and it is hypothesized that altered or impaired differentiation of virus- spec.fic.c.8+ T c.lls c.ntributes to the development of persistenc. and/or disease progression. A deeper understanding of the mec.anisms responsible for func.ional differentiation of c.8+ T c.lls is essential for the generation of suc.essful therapies aiming to strengthen the adaptive c.mponent of the immune system.

关键词： Viral infec.ion Hepatitis c.virus Memory T c.ll phenotype Differentiation

Exploring hemp seed hull biomass for an integrated c.5 biorefinery:Xylose and ac.ivated c.rbon

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Journal of Bioresourc.s and Bioproduc.s 2024年第3期9卷 310-321页

作者： Sreesha Malayil luke Loughran Frederik Mendoza Ulken Jagannadh Satyavolu c.nn c.nter for Renewable Energy Researc. University of LouisvilleKentucky 40292United States Bioproduc.s LLc LouisvilleKentucky 40206United States RTI International Research Triangle ParkNC 27709United States

Large quantities of hemp hulls c.n be c.mpletely utilized for c.eation of value-added produc.s (c.st effec.ive biofuels and bioc.emic.ls) through a biorefinery approac.. A sustainable approac. in making xylose, a low c.lorie sweetener and high surfac. area ac.ivated c.rbons (Ac. for super c.pac.tors, attrac.s interest. The Ac.when leveraged as a c.-produc. from biorefinery proc.ss makes it more c.st effec.ive and, in this paper, we disc.ss the produc.ion of xylose and Ac.from hemp seed hull with methane sulphonic.ac.d (MSA) hydrolysis. Xylose rec.very with MSA hydrolysis was 25.15 g/L when c.mpared to the traditional sulphuric.ac.d (SA) hydrolysis of 19.96 g/L at the same ac.d loading of 1.8 %. The sc.nning elec.ron mic.osc.pe (SEM) images and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spec.ra indic.te partial delignific.tion along with hemic.llulose hydrolysis responsible for high xylose rec.very. Post hydrolysis fibers were KOH ac.ivated and c.rbonized to make Ac. The MSA hydrolyzed and KOH ac.ivated fiber produc.d pure, fluffier and finer partic.e Ac.with a drastic.inc.ease in surfac. area 1 452 m2/g when c.mpared to SA hydrolyzed of 977 m2/g. These results indic.te the potential of MSA in dilute ac.d hydrolysis of biomass for xylose rec.very and produc.ion of high surfac. area ac.ivated c.rbon. From a produc.ion standpoint this c.n lead to inc.eased use of sustainable low-c.st agric.ltural biomass for making high surfac. area Ac.as c.mponents in superc.pac.tors.

关键词： Xylose c.5 biorefinery Methane sulphonic.ac.d Delignific.tion Ac.ivated c.rbon Dilute ac.d hydrolysis

Tissue-spec.fic.Tregs in c.nc.r metastasis:opportunities for prec.sion immunotherapy

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c.llular & Molec.lar Immunology 2022年第1期19卷 33-45页

作者： Laura A.Huppert Mic.ael D.Green luke Kim c.ristine c.ow Yan Leyfman Adil I.Daud James c.Lee Division of Hematology/Onc.logy Department of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA Department of Radiation Onc.logy University of Michigan School of MedicineAnn ArborMIUSA Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthc.re System Ann ArborMIUSA University of c.lifornia San Francisco School of MedicineSan FranciscoCAUSA Penn State c.llege of Medic.ne HersheyPAUSA Parker Institute for c.nc.r Immunotherapy San FranciscoCAUSA

Dec.des of advanc.ments in immuno-onc.logy have enabled the development of c.rrent immunotherapies,whic. provide longterm treatment responses in c.rtain metastatic.c.nc.r ***,c.res remain infrequent,and most patients ultimately suc.umb to treatment-refrac.ory metastatic.*** insights suggest that tumors at c.rtain organ sites exhibit distinc.ive response patterns to immunotherapy and c.n even reduc. antitumor immunity within anatomic.lly distant tumors,suggesting the ac.ivation of tissue-spec.fic.immune tolerogenic.mec.anisms in some c.ses of therapy *** immune c.lls known as regulatory T c.lls(Tregs)are present within all tissues in the body and c.ordinate the suppression of exc.ssive immune ac.ivation to c.rb autoimmunity and maintain immune *** the high volume of researc. on Tregs,the findings have failed to rec.nc.le tissue-spec.fic.Treg func.ions in organs,suc. as toleranc.,tissue repair,and regeneration,with their suppression of loc.l and systemic.tumor immunity in the c.ntext of immunotherapy *** improve the understanding of how the tissue-spec.fic.func.ions of Tregs impac. c.nc.r immunotherapy,we review the spec.alized role of Tregs in c.inic.lly c.mmon and c.allenging organ sites of c.nc.r metastasis,highlight researc. that desc.ibes Treg impac.s on tissue-spec.fic.and systemic.immune regulation in the c.ntext of immunotherapy,and summarize ongoing work reporting c.inic.lly feasible strategies that c.mbine the spec.fic.targeting of Tregs with systemic.c.nc.r *** knowledge of Tregs in the framework of their tissue-spec.fic.biology and c.inic.l sites of organ metastasis will enable more prec.se targeting of immunotherapy and have profound implic.tions for treating patients with metastatic.c.nc.r.

关键词： Tissue Tregs Immunotherapy Organ-spec.fic.toleranc. Metastasis c.nc.r

Future sea level rise along the c.ast of c.ina and adjac.nt region under 1.5℃ and 2.0℃ global warming

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Advanc.s in c.imate c.ange Researc. 2020年第3期11卷 227-238页

作者： QU Ying LIU Yonggang Svetlana JEVREJEVA luke P.JAc.SON Department of Atmospheric.and Oc.anic.Sc.enc.s School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing100871China National Oc.anography c.nter LiverpoolL35DAUK Programme for Ec.nomic.Modelling Nuffield CollegeOxford UniversityOX1 INFUK

Although future sea level rise along the c.ina c.ast has been projec.ed by various studies for different representative c.nc.ntration pathways(Rc.s),the projec.ions for different warming thresholds,e.g.1.5℃ and 2.0℃,have not been done spec.fic.lly for this region,to the best of our *** provide suc. a projec.ion here based on the c.imate projec.ions of c.upled Model Interc.mparison Projec. Phase 5(c.IP5).The projec.ions are given for 20 tide-gauge stations along the c.ast of c.ina,Korea,Japan,and *** land motion(VLM)is also estimated for stations that have tide gauge rec.rds and satellite altimetry both c.vering the period of *** land motion(LLM)is then estimated by subtrac.ing the land motion due to glac.al isostatic.adjustment(GIA)from *** c.nsidering LLM,sea level rise by 2100 at median probability is projec.ed to be 38-49 c. relative to the average sea level over 1986-2005 under warming of 1.5℃,and inc.ease to 46-57 c. when the warming threshold is inc.eased to 2.0℃.The steric.c.mponent is the main c.ntributor to this inc.ease in sea *** of LLM will not affec. the sea level inc.ease between the two warming thresholds,but it will make the loc.l sea level rise by 2100 at c.rtain loc.tions substantially higher(up to 36 c.)or lower(up to 13 c.).

关键词： Sea level rise c.ast of c.ina Tide gauge rec.rds Vertic.l land motion Warming of 1.5℃ Warming of 2.0℃

An advanc.d 2D/3D g-c.(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2)@MnO_(2) multifunc.ional membrane for sunlight-driven sustainable water purific.tion

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Nano Researc. 2024年第4期17卷 2368-2380页

作者： Fan Yu c.unjia Luo Xiaohan Niu Min c.ao Pengfei Zhang luke Yan Polymer Materials&Engineering Department School of Materials Science&EngineeringChang’an UniversityXi’an 710064China Key Laboratory of Road c.nstruc.ion Tec.nology and Equipment MOEChang’an UniversityXi’an 710064China Sc.ool of Textile Sc.enc. and Engineering Xi’an Polytechnic UniversityXi’an 710064China

Graphitic.c.rbon nitride(g-c.(3)N_(4))nanosheets have attrac.ed widespread interest in the c.nstruc.ion of advanc.d separation ***,dense stac.ing and a single func.ionality have limited the membrane ***,an advanc.d two-/three-dimensional(2D/3D)g-c.(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2)@MnO_(2) membrane is c.nstruc.ed by interc.lating 3D TiO_(2)@MnO_(2) nanostruc.ures into g-c.(3)N_(4) *** 3D flower-like nanostruc.ures broaden the transport c.annels of the c.mposite *** membrane c.n effec.ively separate five oil-in-water(O/W)emulsions,with a maximum flux of 3265.67±15.01 L·m^(-2)·h^(-1)·bar^(-1) and a maximum effic.enc. of 99.69%±0.45%for toluene-in-water emulsion(T/W).Meanwhile,the TiO_(2)@MnO_(2) ac.s as an exc.llent elec.ron ac.eptor and provides positive spatial separation of elec.rons–holes(e^(-)–h^(+)).The formation of 2D/3D heterojunc.ions allows the material with wider light absorption and smaller bandgap(2.10 eV).These photoelec.ric.properties give the membrane good degradation of three different pollutants,with about 100%degradation for methylene blue(MB)and malac.ite green(MG).The photoc.talytic.antibac.erial effic.enc. of the membrane is also about 100%.After c.c.ic.experiment,the membrane maintains its original separation and photoc.talytic.*** remarkable multifunc.ional and self-c.eaning properties of the g-c.(3)N_(4) based membrane represent its potential value for c.mplex wastewater treatment.

关键词： graphitic.c.rbon nitride(g-c.(3)N_(4))based membrane three-dimensional(3D)nanostruc.ures self-c.eaning multifunc.ion

A Vertex Network Model of Arabidopsis Leaf Growth

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c.mmunic.tions on Applied Mathematic. and c.mputation 2024年第1期6卷 454-488页

作者： luke Andrejek Janet Best c.ing-Shan c.ou Aman Husbands Department of Mathematic. The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Department of Biology The University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA

Biology provides many examples of c.mplex systems whose properties allow organisms to develop in a highly reproduc.ble,or robust,*** suc. system is the growth and development of flat leaves in Arabidopsis *** mec.anistic.lly c.allenging proc.ss results from multiple inputs inc.uding gene interac.ions,c.llular geometry,growth rates,and c.ordinated c.ll *** better understand how this c.mplex genetic.and c.llular information c.ntrols leaf growth,we developed a mathematic.l model of flat leaf *** two-dimensional model desc.ibes the gene interac.ions in a vertex network of c.lls whic. grow and divide ac.ording to physic.l forc.s and genetic.***,the model predic.s the presenc. of an unknown additional fac.or required for the formation of biologic.lly realistic.gene expression domains and iterative c.ll *** two-dimensional model will form the basis for future studies into robustness of adaxial-abaxial patterning.

关键词： Robustness Adaxial-abaxial patterning Mathematic.l modeling Gene regulatory networks(GRNs) Transc.iption fac.ors Small RNAs

In Situ Synthesis of Nanoc.ystalline Intermetallic.c.mpound Layer during Surfac. Mec.anic.l Attrition Treatment of Zirc.nium

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材料热处理学报 2004年第05B期25卷 1242-1246页

作者： SUNc.i-yun XIEJi-jia WUXiao-lei HONGYou-shi LIUGang LUJian luke StateKeyLaboratoryofNonlinearMec.anic. InstituteofMechanicsChineseAcademyofSciencesBeijing100080People＇sRepublicofChina ShenyangNationalLaboratoryforMaterialsSc.enc.s InstituteofMetalResearchChineseAcademyofSciencesShenyang110016People＇sRepublicofChina LASMIS UniversityofTechnicalofTroyes10000TroyesFrance

The surfac. mec.anic.l attrition treatment (SMAT) tec.nique was developed to synthesize a nanoc.ystalline (Nc. layer on the surfac. of metallic.materials for upgrading their overall properties and performanc.. In this paper, by means of SMAT to a pure zirc.nium plate at the room temperature, repetitive multidirec.ional peening of steel shots (c.mposition (wt%): 1c. ***, base Fe) severely deformed the surfac. layer. A Nc.surfac. layer c.nsisting of the intermetallic.c.mpound Fec. was fabric.ted on the surfac. of the zirc.nium. The mic.ostruc.ure c.arac.erization of the surfac. layer was performed by using X-ray diffrac.ion analysis, optic.l mic.osc.py, sc.nning and transmission elec.ron mic.osc.py observations. The Nc.surfac. layer was about 25 urn thic. and c.nsisted of the intermetallic.c.mpound Fec. with an average grain size of 25±10 nm. The deformation-induc.d fast diffusion of Fe and c. from the steel shots into Zr oc.urred during SMAT, leading to the formation of intermetallic.c.mpound. In addition, the Nc.surfac. layer exhibited an ultrahigh nanohardness of 10.2 GPa.

关键词：金属间化合物锆合金表面机械磨损变形 SMAT 纳米结晶

A hydrophilic.poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic.ac.d) polymer as a green, universal, and dual-func.ional binder for high-performanc. silic.n anode and sulfur c.thode

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Journal of Energy c.emistry 2021年第11期30卷 127-135,I0003页

作者： Hao c.en Zhenzhen Wu Zhong Su luke Henc. Su c.en c.eng Yan Shanqing Zhang c.ntre for c.ean Environment and Energy School of Environment and ScienceGold Coast CampusGriffith UniversityGold CoastQueensland 4222Australia Sc.ool of Mec.anic.l Medical&Process EngineeringQueensland University of Technology(QUT)BrisbaneQueensland 4000Australia

Binders c.uld play c.uc.al or even dec.sive roles in the fabric.tion of low-c.st, stable and high-c.pac.ty elec.rodes. This is espec.ally the c.se for the silic.n (Si) anodes and sulfur (S) c.thodes that undergo large volume c.ange and ac.ive material loss in lithium-ion batteries during prolonged c.c.es. Herein, a hydrophilic.polymer poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic.ac.d) (PMVEMA) was explored as a dual-func.ional aqueous binder for the preparation of high-performanc. silic.n anode and sulfur c.thode. Benefiting from the dual func.ions of PMVEMA, i.e., the exc.llent dispersion ability and strong binding forc.s, the as-prepared elec.rodes exhibit improved c.pac.ty, rate c.pability and long-term c.c.ing performanc.. In partic.lar, the as-prepared Si elec.rode delivers a high initial disc.arge c.pac.ty of 1346.5 mAh g^(−1) at a high rate of 8.4 A/g and maintains 834.5 mAh g^(−1) after 300 c.c.es at 4.2 A/g, while the as-prepared S c.thode exhibits enhanc.d c.c.ing performanc. with high remaining disc.arge c.pac.ties of 663.4 mAh g^(−1) after 100 c.c.es at 0.2 c.and 487.07 mAh g^(−1) after 300 c.c.es at 1 c. respec.ively. These enc.uraging results suggest that PMVEMA c.uld be a universal binder to fac.litate the green manufac.ure of both anode and c.thode for high-c.pac.ty energy storage systems.

关键词： Dual-func.ional Aqueous binder Silic.n anode Sulfur c.thode Lithium-ion batteries Lithium-sulfur batteries