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Culturomics and metagenomics: In understanding of environmental resistome

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2019年第3期13卷 29-40页

作者： Monika Nowrotek lukasz jalowiecki Monika Harnisz Grazyna Anna Plaza Microbiology Unit Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas Kossutha 6 Str. 40-844 Katowice Poland Department of Environmental Microbiology Faculty of Environmental Sciences University of Warmia and Mazuiy Prawochenskiego 1 Str. 10-720 Olsztyn Poland Silesian University of Technology Faculty of Organization and Management Institute of Engineering Production Roosevelta 26 Str. 41-800 Zabrze Poland

Pharmaceutical residues, mainly antibiotics, have been called "emerging contaminants" in the environment because of their increasing frequency of detection in aquatic and terrestrial systems and their sublethal ecological effects. Most of them are undiscovered. Both human and veterinary pharmaceuticals, including antibiotics, are introduced into the environment via many different routes, including discharges from municipal wastewater treatment plants and land application of animal manure and biosolids to fertilize croplands. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the widespread problem of antibiotic resistance, modem and scientific approaches have been developed to gain knowledge of the entire antibiotic-resistant microbiota of various ecosystems, which is called the resistome. In this review, two omics methods, i.e. culturomics, a new approach, and metagenomics, used to study antibiotic resistance in environmental samples, are described. Moreover, we discuss how both omics methods have become core scientific tools to characterize microbiomes or resistomes, study natural communities and discover new microbes and new antibiotic resistance genes from environments. The combination of the method for get better outcome of both culturomics and metagenomics will significantly advance our understanding of the role of microbes and their specific properties in the environment.

关键词： Culturomics Metagenomics Antibiotic resistance Resistome

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