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Suspension- and powder-based derivation of Hansen dispersibility parameters for zinc oxide quantum dots

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Particuology 2019年第3期17卷 71-79页

作者： Sebastian Siüβ Wei Lin Olga Getmanenko lukas Pflug Titus Sobisch Wolfgang Peukert Dietmar Lerche Doris Segets Institute of Particle Technology (LFG) Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Niimberg (FAU) Cauerstr. 4 91058 Erlangen Germany Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems (FPS) Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Niimberg (FAU) HaberstraJSe 9a 91058 Erlangen Germany Institute of Applied Mathematics 2 Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nümberg (FAU) Cauerstrajβe 11 91058 Erlangen Germany LUM GmbH Justus-von-Liebig StraJSe 3 12489 Berlin Germany Process Technology for Electrochemical Functional Materials Institute for Combustion and Gas Dynamics - Reactive Fluids (1VG) University Duisburg-Essen (UDE) Carl-Benz-StraJSe 199 47057 Duisburg Germany

For most particle-based applications, formulation in the liquid phase is a decisive step, and thus, particle interactions and stability in liquid media are of major importance. The concept of Hansen solubility parameters (HSP) was initially invented to describe the interactions of (polymer) molecules and their solubility in different liquids and is increasingly being used in particle technology to describe dispersibility. Because dispersions are not thermodynamically stable, the term Hansen dispersibility parameters (HDP) is used instead of HSP (SiiE, Sobisch, Peukert, Lerche,& Segets, 2018). Herein, we extend a previously developed standardized and non-subjective method for determination of Hansen parameters based on analytical centrifugation to the important class of quantum materials. As a technically relevant model system, zinc oxide quantum dots (QDs) were used to transfer our methodology to nanoparticles (NPs) with sizes below lOnm. The results obtained using the standard procedure starting from a dried powder were compared with those obtained through redispersion from the wet sediment produced during the typical washing procedure of QDs, and drying was observed to play an important role. In conclusion, our study reveals the high potential of HDP for quantifying the interfacial properties of NPs as well as their link to dispersibility.

关键词： Hansen solubility parameter Functionalization Semiconductor nanoparticles Colloidal stability Quantum material

Context-aware reinforcement learning for cooling operation of data centers with an Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage

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Energy and AI

Energy and AI 2024年第3期17卷 233-246页

作者： lukas Leindals Peter Grønning Dominik Franjo Dominković Rune Grønborg Junker Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science Technical University of DenmarkDenmark

Data centers are often equipped with multiple cooling units. Here, an aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) system has shown to be efficient. However, the usage of hot and cold-water wells in the ATES must be balanced for legal and environmental reasons. Reinforcement Learning has been proven to be a useful tool for optimizing the cooling operation at data centers. Nonetheless, since cooling demand changes continuously, balancing the ATES usage on a yearly basis imposes an additional challenge in the form of a delayed reward. To overcome this, we formulate a return decomposition, Cool-RUDDER, which relies on simple domain knowledge and needs no training. We trained a proximal policy optimization agent to keep server temperatures steady while minimizing operational costs. Comparing the Cool-RUDDER reward signal to other ATES-associated rewards, all models kept the server temperatures steady at around 30 °C. An optimal ATES balance was defined to be 0% and a yearly imbalance of −4.9% with a confidence interval of [−6.2, −3.8]% was achieved for the Cool 2.0 reward. This outperformed a baseline ATES-associated reward of 0 at −16.3% with a confidence interval of [−17.1, −15.4]% and all other ATES-associated rewards. However, the improved ATES balance comes with a higher energy consumption cost of 12.5% when comparing the relative cost of the Cool 2.0 reward to the zero reward, resulting in a trade-off. Moreover, the method comes with limited requirements and is applicable to any long-term problem satisfying a linear state-transition system.

关键词： Data centers ATES Smart energy systems Reinforcement learning Delayed rewards

Experiences of Using Alternative Raw Materials in Manufacturing of Refractory Materials

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China's Refractories 2016年第1期25卷 7-12页

作者： Lucie VODOVA Karel LANG lukas TVRDIK Pavel KOVAR P-D Refractories CZ a.s. Velke Opatovice 67963 Czech Republic

The article describes the experiences of alternative materials for the manufacturing of the refractory materi- als in the company P-D Refractories CZ a. s. The atten- tion is focused on energy by-products （EBP）. Energy by-products are generated during burning and desul- phurization in thermal power plants. Classical high-tem- perature -fly ash （class *** ash according to ASTM C618） is the most important and .fly ash from .fluidized technology （ class C-fly ash） is the second group. In the Czech Republic, power plants produce about 14 million tons of energy by-products every year. Utilization of these products in ceramic technology means a reduction of raw material costs and also it helps to reduce adverse environ- mental impact. Class F-fly ash （ FFA ） and cinder from high temperature combustion （CD） were used in light- weight insulation fireclay bricks. We can use these mate- rials as a grog and a lightening agent for materials with bulk density over 900 kg · m-3 and classification tem- perature up to 1 150 ℃. Class *** ash （CFA） is be- ing tested in a wide range of the refractory materials. For example, it can be used in lightweight fireclay bricks, fireclay bricks for stoves, acid-resistant fireclay bricks or refractory castables. The range of potential products, where EBP could be used, is very wide and energy by-products have become an important raw mate- rial source.

关键词： energy by-products class F fly ash classC fly ash refractory materials

Multi-organ IgG4-related disease continues to mislead clinicians: A case report and literature review

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第15期8卷 3267-3279页

作者： Sandra Strainiene lukas Sarlauskas Ilona Savlan Valentina Liakina Ieva Stundiene Jonas Valantinas Clinic of Gastroenterology Nephrourology and SurgeryCentre of HepatologyGastroenterology and DieteticsInstitute of Clinical MedicineVilnius UniversityVilnius 01513Lithuania Clinic of Internal Diseases Family Medicine and OncologyCentre of Internal DiseasesInstitute of Clinical MedicineVilnius UniversityVilnius 01513Lithuania Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering Faculty of Fundamental ScienceVilnius Gediminas Technical UniversityVilnius 10223Lithuania

BACKGROUND Immunoglobulin G4-related disease(IgG4-RD)is a multisystemic mass forming immune-mediated disease that affects almost every organ and is a diagnostic challenge for every *** is a lack of adequate epidemiological data worldwide,and evidence-based treatment recommendations are not yet *** report the first case of IgG4-RD from Lithuania and the Baltic Sea region presented with thyroiditis,orbital myositis,orbitopathy,uveitis,scleritis,sialadenitis,autoimmune pancreatitis and *** SUMMARY A 54-year-old Caucasian male was admitted to our tertiary Centre complaining of severe weight loss,diarrhoea,abdominal pain,salivary gland swelling,sicca symptoms and *** examination,bilateral palpable masses in the projection of major salivary glands,severe protrusion of the left eyeball and cachexia were *** patient was previously diagnosed with autoimmune thyroiditis and endocrine *** magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)of the head revealed enlarged extraocular muscles indicating orbital *** biopsy from the salivary gland mass indicated *** MRI showed signs of autoimmune pancreatitis,and a serological test revealed the elevated serum IgG4 *** patient was then diagnosed with IgG4-RD and successfully treated with *** was a significant clinical,serological and radiological improvement after one month of treatment and no signs of relapse within twenty ***,it took almost 18 years and the efforts of eight different medical specialists to establish the correct *** A comprehensive approach to the patient is essential to improving the recognition of rare immune system conditions,such as IgG4-RD.

关键词： IgG4-related disease Autoimmune pancreatitis Sialadenitis Orbitopathy Autoimmune thyroiditis Case report Literature review

deCS:A Tool for Systematic Cell Type Annotations of Single-cell RNA Sequencing Data among Human Tissues

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2023年第2期21卷 370-384页

作者： Guangsheng Pei Fangfang Yan lukas M.Simon Yulin Dai Peilin Jia Zhongming Zhao Center for Precision Health School of Biomedical InformaticsThe University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTX 77030USA Therapeutic Innovation Center Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030USA Human Genetics Center School of Public HealthThe University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTX 77030USA MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences HoustonTX 77030USA Department of Biomedical Informatics Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTN 37203USA CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine Beijing Institute of GenomicsChinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for BioinformationBeijing 100101China

Single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)is revolutionizing the study of complex and dynamic cellular ***,cell type annotation remains a main challenge as it largely relies on a priori knowledge and manual curation,which is cumbersome and *** increasing number of scRNA-seq datasets,as well as numerous published genetic studies,has motivated us to build a comprehensive human cell type reference ***,we present decoding Cell type Specificity(deCS),an automatic cell type annotation method augmented by a comprehensive collection of human cell type expression profiles and marker *** used deCS to annotate scRNAseq data from various tissue types and systematically evaluated the annotation accuracy under different conditions,including reference panels,sequencing depth,and feature selection *** results demonstrate that expanding the references is critical for improving annotation *** to many existing state-of-the-art annotation tools,deCS significantly reduced computation time and increased *** can be integrated into the standard scRNA-seq analytical pipeline to enhance cell type ***,we demonstrated the broad utility of deCS to identify trait-cell type associations in 51 human complex traits,providing deep insights into the cellular mechanisms underlying disease pathogenesis.

关键词： Cell type-specific enrichment analysis scRNA-seq Cell type annotation Trait-cell type association Cell typemarkergene

Changes of protein expression during tumorosphere formation of small cell lung cancer circulating tumor cells

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Oncology Research 2023年第1期31卷 13-22页

作者： SANDRA STICKLER BARBARA RATH MAXIMILIAN HOCHMAIR CLEMENS LANG lukas WEIGL GERHARD HAMILTON Institute of Pharmacology Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Karl Landsteiner Institute of Lung Research and Pulmonary Oncology Klinik FloridsdorfViennaAustria Department of Trauma Surgery Sozialmedizinisches Zentrum OstDonauspitalViennaAustria Division of Special Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria

Small cell lung cancer(SCLC)is frequently disseminated and has a dismal prognosis with survival times of approximately two *** cancer responds well to initial chemotherapy but recurs within a short time as a globally chemoresistant *** tumor cells(CTCs)are held responsible for metastasis,the extremely high numbers of these cells in advanced SCLC allowed us to establish several permanent CTC cell *** CTCs are distinguished by the spontaneous formation of large spheroids,termed tumorospheres,in regular tissue *** contain quiescent and hypoxic cells in their interior and are associated with high chemoresistance compared to single cell *** CTC lines were compared for their expression of 84 proteins associated with cancer either as single cells or in the form of tumorospheres in Western blot *** the exception of the UHGc5 line,all other CTC lines express EpCAM and lack a complete EpCAM-negative,vimentin-positive epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)*** formation of tumorospheres the expression of EpCAM,that mediates cell-cell adhesion is markedly *** such as E-Cadherin,p27 KIP1,Progranulin,BXclx,Galectin-3,and Survivin showed variable changes for the distinct CTC cell *** conclusion,EpCAM presents the most critical marker for individual SCLC CTCs and the assembly of highly chemoresistant tumorospheres.

关键词： SCLC Spheroid Chemoresistance EpCAM Topotecan Epirubicin

Explainability and Interpretability in Electric Load Forecasting Using Machine Learning Techniques–A Review

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Energy and AI 2024年第2期16卷 483-496页

作者： lukas Baur Konstantin Ditschuneit Maximilian Schambach Can Kaymakci Thomas Wollmann Alexander Sauer Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Engineering and Automation IPA Nobelstraße 12Stuttgart70569Germany Institute for Energy Efficiency in Production(EEP) University of StuttgartNobelstraße 12Stuttgart70569Germany Merantix Momentum GmbH Max-Urich-Straße 3Berlin13355Germany

Electric Load Forecasting(ELF)is the central instrument for planning and controlling demand response programs,electricity trading,and consumption *** to the increasing automation of these processes,meaningful and transparent forecasts become more and more ***,at the same time,the complexity of the used machine learning models and architectures *** there is an increasing interest in interpretable and explainable load forecasting methods,this work conducts a literature review to present already applied approaches regarding explainability and interpretability for load forecasts using Machine *** on extensive literature research covering eight publication portals,recurring modeling approaches,trends,and modeling techniques are identified and clustered by properties to achieve more interpretable and explainable load *** results on interpretability show an increase in the use of probabilistic models,methods for time series decomposition and the use of fuzzy logic in addition to classically interpretable *** explainable approaches are Feature Importance and Attention *** discussion shows that a lot of knowledge from the related field of time series forecasting still needs to be adapted to the problems in *** to other applications of explainable and interpretable methods such as clustering,there are currently relatively few research results,but with an increasing trend.

关键词： Electric load forecasting Explainability InterpretabilityStructured review

Investigating inexpensive polymeric 3D printed materials under extreme thermal conditions

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Materials Futures 2022年第1期1卷 101-112页

作者： Jan lukas Storck Guido Ehrmann Jana Uthoff Elise Diestelhorst Tomasz Blachowicz Andrea Ehrmann Faculty of Engineering and Mathematics Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences33619 BielefeldGermany Virtual Institute of Applied Research on Advanced Materials(VIARAM) Institute of Physics-Center for Science and Education Silesian University of Technology44-100 GliwicePoland

3D printing is nowadays used for many applications far beyond pure rapid *** tools to prepare custom-made objects which may be highly complex,different 3D printing techniques have emerged into areas of application where the mechanical,thermal,optical and other properties have to meet high *** them,applications for space,*** microsatellites,make extreme demands regarding the stability under high ***,polymeric 3D printed materials have several advantages for space application in comparison with metal *** we thus investigate the impact of temperatures up to 85◦C and 185◦C,respectively,on typical 3D printing materials for fused deposition modeling or stereolithography(SLA)with inexpensive 3D *** materials are found to differ strongly in terms of mechanical properties and dimensional stability after the treatment at a higher temperature,with SLA resins and co-polyester showing the best dimensional stability,while acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene and SLA resin after long UV post-treatment has the best mechanical properties.

关键词： additive manufacturing polymers space microsatellites thermal stability dimensions mechanical properties

3D CFD Simulation of Pulsatile Blood Flow in the Human Aorta

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Chinese Journal of Biomedical Engineering(English Edition) 2003年第4期12卷 174-183页

作者： Herbert Oertel Jr. lukas Zürcher Torsten Schenkel Institute of Fluid Mechanics University of KarlsruheInstitute of Fluid MechanicsUniversity of KarlsruheInstitute of Fluid MechanicsUniversity of Karlsruhe karlsruhe D-76128Germanykarlsruhe D-76128Germanykarlsruhe D-76128Germany

A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of the physiological pulsatile blood flow in the human aortic arch and its three branches has been conducted by using commercial software StarCD. The blood flow, of a peak Reynolds number of 3289 and a Womersley parameter of 16.44, was simulated in a rigid aorta geometry that was built by computer aided design (CAD) reconstruction method based on autopsy data of a female adult. The purpose of this work is to further the understanding of the complex nature of aorta flow, therefore it mainly focuses on analysis of the spatial and temporal distributions of velocities and wall shear stresses. The results, illustrated by 3D visualization pictures and 2D graphs of the primary velocity profiles, wall shear stress and pressure distributions, as well as the secondary flow patterns, are in good agreement with those of other experimental and computational works. The distributions of pressure and wall shear stress support the correlation between high and low shear stresses and pressures and the atherosclerotic lesions.

关键词： Hemodynamics Computational fluid dynamics The human aorta Pulsatile blood flow Simulation of flow field