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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第5期10卷 635-645页

作者： Václav Zumr Oto Nakládal lukás bílek JiríRemes Czech University of Life sciences Prague Faculty of Forestry and Wood SciencesKamýcka 129Praha 6–Suchdol16500Czech Republic

snags are an important component of beech forests that promote ***,their occurrence is completely marginal in managed *** snags in these stands would greatly enhance *** investigated whether snag dimensions were important for saproxylic beetle richness since they were easily transferable parameters to forest management and assessed the presence of other snag microhabitats affecting beetle *** collection was performed using passive flight traps placed on thirty snags in a recent beech reserve.A total of 6706 adults belonging to 231 saproxylic species(53 Red List species,23%)were *** results showed that the most important snag parameters were the diameter(thickness)and canopy openness of the surrounding *** occurrence of Fomes fomentarius,the volume of snag and decay class 3 were marginally significant in terms of the preference of all saproxylic *** diversity was reduced by an advanced degree of decay and a surprisingly deep stem *** dividing snag thickness into categories(70 cm DbH),we found that categories with snag diameter greater than 35 cm showed little differences in all saproxylic and Red List species richness and diversity indices and exhibited the highest similarity in beetle *** recommendations to forest managers in terms of optimization and simplification of practical procedures,we suggest actively creating high stumps to act as snags greater than 35 cm in DbH diameter to promote biodiversity in beech management stands.

关键词： Deadwood Coleoptera biodiversity Active management Endangered beetles

Encapsulation of bioactive compounds in shalgam and investigation of the possibilities of their use in probiotic food production

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Food bioscience 2022年第6期50卷 1120-1129页

作者： Feyza Tosya sibel bölek Department of Food Technology Experimental Medicine Research and Application CenterUniversity of Health Sciences TurkeyUskudar34662IstanbulTurkey

shalgam,a naturally fermented beverage,is a prebiotic supplement and has high antioxidant *** study aimed to encapsulate shalgam to develop a functional probiotic beverage by freeze *** size measurement and surface morphology,wettability,solubility,bulk density,tapped bulk density,moisture,water activity,total polyphenol,total monomeric anthocyanin,antioxidant activity and encapsulation efficiency analyzes were performed for characterization of shalgam *** obtained shalgam capsules were used in kefir production at the rate of 0%,5%,10%,15%(w/v).Color,viscosity,water soluble dry matter determination,total protein,total fat,titration acidity,pH,microbiological and sensory analysis of kefir samples were *** microcapsules increased total phenolic,anthocyanin and antioxidant activity of kefir significantly(psamples containing 5%shalgam microcapsules had the highest microbiological viability and sensory score.

关键词： Encapsulation Kefir shalgam Anthocyanin Probiotic

Formability Investigations of High-strength Dual-Phase steels

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Acta Metallurgica sinica(English Letters) 2015年第12期28卷 1471-1481页

作者： Miklós Tisza Zsolt lukács Department of Materials Processing Technology Institute of Materials Science and Technology University of Miskolc

Car manufacturing is always regarded as the key industry behind sheet metal forming, and thus, the requirements of and developments in car manufacturing play a decisive role in the development of sheet metal forming. The automotive industry is faced with contradictory demands and requirements： better performance with lower consumption and less harmful emissions, more safety and comfort; these are extremely difficult to supply simultaneously with conventional materials and conventional manufacturing processes. The fulfillment of these often contradictory requirements is one of the main driving forces in the automotive industry and thus in the material and process developments in sheet metal forming, as well. In recent years, significant developments can be observed in the application of high-strength steels. In this respect, the application of various dual-phase steels is one of the best examples. However, the application of these highstrength steels often leads to formability and manufacturing problems. One formability problem is the springback occurring after sheet metal forming. In the current research, we have dealt mainly with advanced high-strength steels, primarily with dual-phase steels. When applying them, the springback phenomenon is one of the most critical issues. To reduce the tremendous amount of experimental work needed, we also applied numerical simulation using isotropic–kinematic hardening rules. The isotropic–kinematic hardening behavior of a given material in the applied Auto Form numerical package may be characterized with three independent material parameters c, v and K（a detailed explanation of their meaning will be given in the main part of this paper）. However, we found that the material data included in simulation packages for these new high-strength steels are not fully adequate. For the determination of more reliable material parameters and to achieve better simulation results, a new testing device was developed. Numerical simulations were

关键词： springback Large-strain cyclic deformation High-strength dual-phase steels

Effect of Osmotic stress in Early stages of Ontogenesis on Root Respiration, Growth, sugar Content,and Cell Injury in Maize seedlings Differing in Drought sensitivity

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Journal of Integrative Plant biology 2006年第7期48卷 814-822页

作者： lukás, Kolarovic Miroslava Luxová Peter Valentovic Institute of botany Slovak Academy of Sciences Dubravská cesta 14 Bratislava 84523 Slovakia

Cultivars of maize （Zea mays L.） with different sensitivity to drought were exposed to 0.3 mol/L sorbitol （-1.4 MPa water potential） for 24 h. Exposure to water deficiency significantly reduced the growth of both shoots （coleoptile and hypocotyl） and roots. shoot growth was inhibited more than the growth of roots. Osmotic stress enhanced accumulation of soluble sugars. Electrolyte leakage, a cell injury index, was slightly increased after 0.3 mol/L sorbitoh Respiration was measured in the presence and absence of 2,6-dlchloro-phenol indophenoh 2,6-Dichloro-phenol indophenol did not influence respiration rates, because statistically equal results were observed under both conditions. Total respiration （VT） decreased after osmoticum treatment. There were no significant differences in the VT among the cultlvars analysed. The decrease In VT was caused by a decline In the activities and capacities of both cytochrome （Vcyt, Vcyt） and alternative pathway （Valt, Valt） of respiration. A high residual respiration （Vres） was observed, up to 27% of total uninhibited respiration. The result of uncoupler use clearly indicated that coupling was maintained after 24 h of osmotic stress. The recovery of the respiration rate was comparable with that of non-stressed control rates. According to these observations, no possible mltochondrial damage is expected. Water deficiency did not induce a stimulation of the alternative oxidase, so we assume that the stimulation of the alternative pathway is not related to drought stress resistance; rather, the function of the alternative pathway is to balance carbon metabolism and electron transport in a response to a changing environment.

关键词： alternative oxidase (AOX) alternative respiration 2,6-dichloro-phenol indophenol (DCPIP) maize osmotic stress sugars uncoupler.

Nile tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)invasion impacts trophic position and resource use of commercially harvested piscivorous fishes in a large subtropical river

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Ecological Processes 2023年第1期12卷 313-329页

作者： Fangmin shuai Jie Li sovan lek Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute CAFSGuangzhou 510380China Universitéde Toulouse-Paulsabatier 118 Route de Narbonne31062 Toulouse CedexFrance

background Although freshwater ecosystems cover less than 1%of the earth’s surface,they support extremely high levels of biodiversity and provide vital ecosystem ***,due to the introduction of non-native fishes,aquatic ecosystem functioning has been altered,and in some cases,declined *** the impacts of invasive species has proven *** this study,we examined the relative trophic position of native piscivorous fishes to estimate the effects of invasive Nile tilapia on food webs in the downstream sections of an invaded large subtropical river,the Pearl River,***,we quantified how native piscivorous fish diets changed as the Nile tilapia invasion *** The trophic position of the widely distributed and locally important economically harvested piscivorous culter fish(Culter recurviceps),mandarinfish(siniperca kneri),and catfish(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)lowered significantly in the invaded Dongjiang River compared to an uninvaded reference beijiang *** lower trophic position of these piscivorous fishes was reflected by a major reduction in the proportion of prey fish biomass in their diets following the Nile tilapia *** fishes in the diet of culter fish from the reference river(33%small fishes,17%zooplankton)shifted to lower trophic level zooplankton prey in the invaded river(36%zooplankton,25%small fish),possibly due to the presence of Nile ***,small fishes in the diet of mandarinfish in the reference river(46%small fishes,11%aquatic insects)declined in the invaded river(20%aquatic insects,30%small fishes).similarly,the diet of catfish from the reference river shifted from fish eggs(25%fish eggs,25%aquatic insects)to aquatic insects in the invaded river(44%aquatic insects,5%fish eggs).Conclusions The results of this study contributed to a growing body of evidence,suggesting that Nile tilapia can modify trophic interactions in invaded *** is crucial to understand t

关键词： Nile tilapia Invasion stable isotope ratio Trophic position stable isotope mixing model

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butterfly-plant interactions and body size patterns along an elevational gradient in the Manang region of central Nepal

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Journal of Mountain science 2020年第5期17卷 1115-1127页

作者： bimal Raj sHREsTHA binu TIMsINA Zuzana MüNZbERGOVá Tomás DOsTálek Prakash GAUDEL Tej *** Maan b.ROKAYA Central Department of Zoology Tribhuvan UniversityKathmandu44600Nepal Department of Institute of Environmental studies/botany Faculty of ScienceCharles UniversityBenatska 212801 PragueCzech Republic Department of biodiversity Research Global Change Research CentreCzech Academy of SciencesBelidla 4a60300 BrnoCzech Republic Institute of botany The Czech Academy of SciencesZamek 125243 PruhoniceCzech Republic

butterflies are widely studied due to their key ecosystem *** this reason,they are used in ecosystem assessment,formulating conservation plans and in raising the environmental *** of different factors affecting diversity of butterflies is important for their effective *** this study,we investigated abiotic and biotic factors affecting species richness and community composition of butterflies along an elevational gradient in Manang region,central *** also tested if butterfly species follow the bergmann’s rule.A total of 57 butterfly species belonging to 39 genera and 8 families were recorded in the study *** of a total of 127 plant species identified in the study region,only 67 plant species were visited by butterflies as nectar *** richness of butterflies increased with increasing *** richness was significantly higher in places with shrubs compared to other places and also in autumn than in *** richness of butterflies also depended on composition of plant species occurring at the *** species composition varied among sampling *** was also determined by habitat type,elevation,sampling time,plant species and interactions of elevation×*** relationship between butterfly size and elevation was in the opposite direction than expected according to the bergmann’s *** conclusion,protection of butterfly diversity can only be achieved by protecting different habitats across the diverse physiography of the region and different plant species,in particular herbs and *** results do not support the bergmann’s rule for butterflies along an elevational gradient in our region.

关键词： Lepidoptera Microhabitat species richness species composition bergmann’s rule

An explicit formula for the Webster torsion of a pseudo-hermitian manifold and its application to torsion-free hypersurfaces Dedicated to Professor sheng GONG on the occasion of his 75th birthday

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science China Mathematics 2006年第11期49卷 1662-1682页

作者： luk Hing-sun Department of Mathematics Lady shaw building The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinN THong KongChina

This paper gives an explicit formula for calculating the Webster pseudo torsion for a strictly pseudoconvex pseudo-hermitian hypersurface. As applications, we are able to classify some pseudo torsion-free hypersurface... 详细信息

关键词： pseudo Herrnitian manifolds torsion formula torsion-free hypersufaces.

Neuroinflammation revisited through the microglial lens

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1989-1990页

作者： Renato socodato João b.Relvas Institute of Research and Innovation in Health(i3s)and Institute for Molecular and Cell biology(IbMC) University of PortoPortoPortugal Department of biomedicine Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto(FMUP)PortoPortugal

Neuroimmunology is emerging as a pivotal field,shedding light on the intricate dialogues between the central nervous system(CNs)and the immune *** exploration is particularly significant in understanding microglia,the CNs’s innate immune cells,beyond the conventional conflation of“neuroinflammation”and“microglial activation.”This conflation has clouded the true complexity of these processes,potentially stalling scientific progress and the development of new *** challenge the long-standing perspectives that have oversimplified these interactions,advocating for a deeper exploration of the dynamic relationship between neuroinflammation and microglial *** dissecting specific molecular pathways,we aim to illuminate their elaborate roles in neuroinflammatory responses,especially in the context of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Here,neuroinflammation is not merely a passive observer or a direct antagonist but a complex agent in the disease’s *** article calls for a significant paradigm shift towards an integrative,multi-omics approach to *** such a comprehensive framework is crucial for advancing our understanding of neuroinflammatory conditions and paving the way for targeted therapeutic strategies for brain diseases.

关键词： inflammation simplified activation

Effect of storage conditions on long-term stability of Ag nanoparticles formed via green synthesis

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2017年第10期24卷 1177-1182页

作者： Oksana Velgosova Elena Cizmarova Jaroslav Málek Jana Kavulicova Institute of Materials Faculty of Metallurgy Technical University of Kosice Letna 9 042 00 Kosice Slovakia Department of Materials Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague Karlovo nám. 13 121 32 Prague 2 Czech Republic Institute of Metallurgy Faculty of Metallurgy Technical University of Kosice Letna 9 042 00 Kosice Slovakia

spherical Ag nanoparticles(AgNPs) with a diameter of 20 nm or smaller were biologically synthesized using algae Parachlorella kessleri. The effect of storage conditions on the long-term stability of AgNPs was investigated. UV/Vis spectrophotometry, transmission electron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering measurements revealed that the long-term stability of AgNPs was influenced by light and temperature conditions. The most significant loss of stability was observed for the AgNPs stored in daylight at room temperature. The AgNPs stored under these conditions began to lose their stability after approximately 30 d; after 100 d, a substantial amount of agglomerated particles settled to the bottom of the Erlenmeyer flask. The AgNPs stored in the dark at room temperature exhibited better long-term stability. Weak particle agglomeration began at approximately the 100 th day. The AgNPs stored in the dark at about 5℃ exhibited the best long-term stability; the AgNPs stored under such conditions remained spherical, with a narrow size distribution, and stable(no agglomeration) even after 6 months. Zeta-potential measurements confirmed better dispersity and stability of AgNPs stored under these conditions.

关键词： silver nanoparticles stability storage conditions green synthesis Parachlorella kessleri

Revisiting cerebral endothelial cells in Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2911-2912页

作者： Amira s.Hanafy Department of Neurosurgery University Hospital BonnBonnGermany

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is the most common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by slow and progressive decline of cognitive and memory *** only approximately 5%of the cases,AD is familial,as often predisposed by genetic mutations(Hoogmartens et al.,2021),while sporadic AD accounts for approximately 95%of the *** amyloid cascade hypothesis is one of the fundamental hypotheses put out to explain AD pathogenesis as dysregulated homeostasis of amyloid-β(Aβ)peptides that leads to the accumulation of Aβplaques in the parenchyma,an anatomical hallmark of AD.

关键词： Alzheimer Aβ cerebral