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Statistical analysis on the validity of the cold plasma approximation for chorus waves based on Van Allen Probe observations and their effects on radiation belt electrons

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2025年第1期9卷 159-170页

作者： AoJun Ren Jiang Yu Jing Wang ZuZheng chen XiaoMan Liu Planetary Environmental and Astrobiological Research Laboratory(PEARL) School of Atmospheric SciencesSun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai Guangdong 519000China

Theoretical analysis has demonstrated that the dispersion relation of chorus waves plays an essential role in the resonant interaction and energy transformation between the waves and magnetospheric *** quantitative analyses often simplified the chorus dispersion relation by using the cold plasma ***,the applicability of the cold plasma assumption is doubtful,especially during geomagnetic *** here present a systematic statistical analysis on the validity of the cold plasma dispersion relation of chorus waves based on observations from the Van Allen Probes over the period from 2012 to *** statistical results show that the observed magnetic field intensities deviate substantially from those calculated from the cold plasma dispersion relation and that they become more pronounced with an increase in geomagnetic activity or a decrease in background plasma *** region with large deviations is mainly concentrated in the nightside and expands in both the radial and azimuthal directions as the geomagnetic activity increases or the background plasma density *** addition,the bounce-averaged electron scattering rates are computed by using the observed and cold plasma dispersion relation of chorus *** with usage of the cold plasma dispersion relation,usage of the observed dispersion relation considerably lowers the minimum resonant energy of electrons and lowers the scattering rates of electrons above tens of kiloelectronvolts but enhances those ***,these differences are more pronounced with the enhancement of geomagnetic activity or the decrease in background plasma density.

关键词： chorus waves cold plasma approximation dispersion relations scattering rates

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Treadmill exercise in combination with acousto-optic and olfactory stimulation improves cognitive function in APP/PS1 mice through the brain-derived neurotrophic factor-and Cygb-associated signaling pathways

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2706-2726页

作者： Biao Xiao Chaoyang Chu Zhicheng Lin Tianyuan Fang Yuyu Zhou Chuxia Zhang Jianghui Shan Shiyu chen Liping Li Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Health Science CenterNingbo UniversityNingboZhejiang ProvinceChina Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience Health Science CenterNingbo UniversityNingboZhejiang ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Addiction Research of Zhejiang Province NingboZhejiang ProvinceChina

A reduction in adult neurogenesis is associated with behavioral abnormalities in patients with Alzheimer's ***,enhancing adult neurogenesis represents a promising therapeutic approach for mitigating disease symptoms and ***,nonpharmacological interventions aimed at inducing adult neurogenesis are currently *** individual non-pharmacological interventions,such as aerobic exercise,acousto-optic stimulation,and olfactory stimulation,have shown limited capacity to improve neurogenesis and cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer's disease,the therapeutic effect of a strategy that combines these interventions has not been fully *** this study,we observed an age-dependent decrease in adult neurogenesis and a concurrent increase in amyloid-beta accumulation in the hippocampus of amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 mice aged 2-8 *** deposition became evident at 4 months,while neurogenesis declined by 6 months,further deteriorating as the disease ***,following a 4-week multifactor stimulation protocol,which encompassed treadmill running(46 min/d,10 m/min,6 days per week),40 Hz acousto-optic stimulation(1 hour/day,6 days/week),and olfactory stimulation(1 hour/day,6 days/week),we found a significant increase in the number of newborn cells(5'-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine-positive cells),immature neurons(doublecortin-positive cells),newborn immature neurons(5'-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine-positive/doublecortin-positive cells),and newborn astrocytes(5'-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine-positive/glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive cells).Additionally,the amyloid-beta load in the hippocampus *** findings suggest that multifactor stimulation can enhance adult hippocampal neurogenesis and mitigate amyloid-beta neuropathology in amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 ***,cognitive abilities were improved,and depressive symptoms were alleviated in amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 mice

关键词： acousto-optic stimulation adult neurogenesis Alzheimer's disease amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 mice amyloid-beta deposition brain cell apoptosis cognitive impairment depression-like behavior involuntary treadmill exercise olfactory stimulation serum metabolites

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Inter-facet composition modulation of III-nitride nanowires over pyramid textured Si substrates by stationary molecular beam epitaxy

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Nano Research 2021年第5期14卷 1502-1511页

作者： Peng Wang Hedong chen Hao Wang Dan Wang Changkun Song Xingyu Wang Hongjie Yin lujia Rao Guofu Zhou Richard Nötzel Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology South China Academy of Advanced OptoelectronicsSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou510006China National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou510006China Department of Physics Xiamen UniversityXiamen361005China Analysis&Testing Center South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou510631China Academy of Shenzhen Guohua Optoelectronics Shenzhen518110China

InGaN nanowires (NWs) are grown on pyramid textured Si substrates by stationary plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (PA-MBE). The incidence angles of the highly directional source beams vary for different pyramid facets, inducing a distinct inter-facet modulation of the In content of the InGaN NWs, which is verified by spatial element distribution analysis. The resulting multi-wavelength emission is confirmed by photoluminescence (PL) and cathodoluminescence (CL). Pure GaN phase formation dominates on certain facets, which is attributed to extreme local growth conditions, such as low active N flux. On the same facets, InGaN NWs exhibit a morphology change close to the pyramid ridge, indicating inter-facet atom migration. This cross-talk effect due to inter-facet atom migration is verified by a decrease of the inter-facet In content modulation amplitude with shrinking pyramid size. A detailed analysis of the In content variation across individual pyramid facets and element distribution line profiles reveals that the cross-talk effect originates mainly from the inter-facet atom migration over the convex pyramid ridge facet boundaries rather than the concave base line facet boundaries. This is understood by first-principles calculations showing that the pyramid baseline facet boundary acts as an energy barrier for atom migration, which is much higher than that of the ridge facet boundary. The influence of the growth temperature on the inter-facet In content modulation is also presented. This work gives deep insight into the composition modulation for the realization of multi-color light-emitting devices based on the monolithic growth of InGaN NWs on pyramid textured Si substrates.

关键词： pyramid textured Si substrate composition modulation III-nitride nanowire molecular beam epitaxy stationary growth cross talk

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Bioinspired Ultrasensitive Flexible Strain Sensors for Real-Time Wireless Detection of Liquid Leakage

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NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2025年第1期17卷 1-18页

作者： Zhou, Weilong Du, Yu chen, Yingying Zhang, Congyuan Ning, Xiaowei Xie, Heng Wu, Ting Hu, Jinlian Qu, Jinping Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Sch Chem & Chem Engn Key Lab Mat Chem Energy Convers & Storage Minist EducHubei Key Lab Mat Chem & Serv Failure Wuhan 430074 Peoples R China Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Hubei Engn Res Ctr Biomat & Med Protect Mat Sch Chem & Chem Engn Wuhan 430074 Peoples R China Wuhan Inst Technol Sch Mat Sci & Engn Wuhan 430205 Peoples R China City Univ Hong Kong Dept Biomed Engn Hong Kong 999077 Peoples R China

Micro-extrusion compression molding and surface modification were proposed for the mass fabrication of a superhydrophobic thermoplastic polyurethane sensor (TCGS).Inspired by scorpions, TCGS features Archimedean spiral crack arrays and micropores, achieving 218.13 sensitivity at 2% strain, a 4300% increase, and over 5000 usage cycles of *** robust superhydrophobicity of TCGS improves sensitivity and stability for detecting small-scale liquid leakage, allowing precise monitoring across various sizes and compositions while providing early warnings in various scenarios. Liquid leakage of pipeline networks not only results in considerable resource wastage but also leads to environmental pollution and ecological imbalance. In response to this global issue, a bioinspired superhydrophobic thermoplastic polyurethane/carbon nanotubes/graphene nanosheets flexible strain sensor (TCGS) has been developed using a combination of micro-extrusion compression molding and surface modification for real-time wireless detection of liquid leakage. The TCGS utilizes the synergistic effects of Archimedean spiral crack arrays and micropores, which are inspired by the remarkable sensory capabilities of scorpions. This design achieves a sensitivity of 218.13 at a strain of 2%, which is an increase of 4300%. Additionally, it demonstrates exceptional durability by withstanding over 5000 usage cycles. The robust superhydrophobicity of the TCGS significantly enhances sensitivity and stability in detecting small-scale liquid leakage, enabling precise monitoring of liquid leakage across a wide range of sizes, velocities, and compositions while issuing prompt alerts. This provides critical early warnings for both industrial pipelines and potential liquid leakage scenarios in everyday life. The development and utilization of bioinspired ultrasensitive flexible strain sensors offer an innovative and effective solution for the early wireless detection of liquid leakage.

关键词： Thermoplastic polyurethane Bioinspired Cracks Liquid leakage Flexible strain sensor

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Succession of bacteria communities during production and application of dairy bedding by membrane-covered aerobic fermentation

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第1期17卷 232-240页

作者： Hongjie Yin Jianfei Zeng chen Fang Xueqin He Ya Su Jinpeng Xiong lujia Han Guangqun Huang College of Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing 100083China Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China College of Agriculture Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China

The cost of dairy manure treatment and bedding material purchase increases the operating cost of the dairy ***-covered aerobic fermentation system has been widely used for dealing with dairy manure and recycling the final product as bedding ***,the microbial safety in each processing step is still *** better understand the bacterial community dynamics during the whole bedding conversion process,a full-chain and large-scale experiment including 16-day membrane-covered aerobic fermentation and 11-day bedding material application was *** results showed that the pile temperatures in the fermentation stage rapidly increased to 80°C and maintained>50°C for more than 11 days and the use of fermentation product as bedding material provided cows with a stable and comfortable bedding *** Chao1 and Shannon index decreased at the end of the fermentation stage and remained stable in the application stage,indicating that membrane-covered aerobic fermentation effectively killed some pathogenic bacteria and guaranteed both the maturity and stability of the final *** dominant bacteria in the fermentation stage were Acinetobacter,Thermus,and Rhodothermus at genus *** common potential pathogens of mastitis(Staphylococcus,Enterococcus,Serratia,Pseudomonas,Corynebacterium,Mycobacterium,and Bacillus)were found at the end of fermentation stage but the relative abundance was low(0.0025%-0.2727%).The dominant bacteria in the application stage mainly included Acinetobacter,Pseudomonas,and Flavobacterium at the genus *** relative abundance of Pseudomonas increased in the application stage,which was a reminder to the dairy farm to pay attention to the disinfection and timely replacement of bedding material to prevent the occurrence of dairy *** results of this study contributed deep understanding of the microorganism-driven bedding conversion process and provide practical guidance and cautions for the bedding

关键词： semi-permeable membrane dairy manure aerobic fermentation bedding material bacterial diversity

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Potential dependence in electrocatalysis: a theoretical perspective

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期 21-25页

作者： Leyu Liu Zhaoming Xia Zeyu Wang Yinjuan chen Hai Xiao Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Fundamental Science Center of Rare Earths Ganjiang Innovation Academy Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center Changzhou University

Electrocatalysis is a key technology for the new energy era and sustainable development, serving as the interface for interconversion of electrical and chemical energies, which spans a wide spectrum of applications in sustainable energy and environmental engineering. Electrocatalytic reactions including electrochemical CO2reduction reaction （eCO2RR）, hydrogen evolution reaction （HER）, and oxygen evolution/reduction reactions （OER/ORR）, hold essential promise for renewable energy technologies as well as complement the biogeochemical carbon and oxygen cycles.

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Electronic structure and ultraviolet spectra of p-C_(6)H_(4)-C_(20)

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原子与分子物理学报 2025年第3期42卷 21-28页

作者： chen Xin School of Materials and Chemical Engineering West Anhui UniversityLu’an 237012China

Geometry optimization of p-C_(6)H_(4)-connected cyclo[20]carbon(p-C_(6)H_(4)-C_(20))was carried out at M062X/6-311G(d,p)level,three kinds of bond orders(Mayer,Laplacian,and Wiberg),electron-hole distributions,localized orbital locators(LOL),and infrared(IR)spectrum were also performed at the same *** on TD-DFT M062X/6-311G(d,p)method,the first 20 excited states and ultraviolet(UV)spectra of p-C_(6)H_(4)-C_(20) were *** results of π-electron delocalization analyses prove thatπ-electron delocalization of p-C_(6)H_(4)-C_(20) is more likely to occur on shorter C-C bonds rather than longer C-C bonds,and inside/outside of the ring plane rather than above/below the ring *** absorption peaks of p-C_(6)H_(4)-C_(20) locate at about 319 nm and 236 nm,respectively.

关键词： p-C_(6)H_(4)-C_(20) Bone orders UV spectrum Electron-hole analyses π-electron delocalization analyses

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Co/Co_(7)Fe_(3)heterostructures with controllable alloying degree on carbon spheres as bifunctional electrocatalyst forrechargeable zinc-air batteries

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第2期32卷 476-487页

作者： Junkang chen Yongyue Zhuang Yanxin Qiao Yu Zhang Aihua Yuan Hu Zhou School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212003China School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212003China

Exploring efficient and nonprecious metal electrocatalysts of oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is crucial for developing rechargeable zinc-air batteries(ZABs).Herein,an alloying-degree control strategy was employed to fabricate nitrogen-doped carbon sphere(NCS)decorated with dual-phase Co/Co_(7)Fe_(3)heterojunctions(CoFe@NCS).The phase composition of materials has been adjusted by controlling the alloying *** optimal CoFe_(0.08)@NCS electrocatalyst displays a half-wave potential of 0.80 V for ORR and an overpotential of 283 mV at 10 mA·cm^(-2)for OER in an alkaline *** intriguing bifunctional electrocatalytic activity and durability is attributed to the hierarchically porous structure and interfacial electron coupling of highly-active Co_(7)Fe_(3)alloy and metallic Co *** the CoFe_(0.08)@NCS material is used as air-cathode catalyst of rechargeable liquid-state zinc-air battery(ZAB),the device shows a high peak power-density(157 mW·cm^(-2))and maintains a stable voltage gap over 150 h,outperforming those of the benchmark(Pt/C+RuO_(2))-based *** particular,the as-fabricated solid-state flexible ZAB delivers a reliable compatibility under different bending *** work provides a promising strategy to develop metal/alloy-based electrocatalysts for the application in renewable energy conversion technologies.

关键词： bifunctional electrocatalysts oxygen reduction reaction oxygen evolution reaction zinc-air battery metal/alloy carbon sphere

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Bioinspired Passive Tactile Sensors Enabled by Reversible Polarization of Conjugated Polymers

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 361-377页

作者： Feng He Sitong chen Ruili Zhou Hanyu Diao Yangyang Han Xiaodong Wu School of Mechanical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065People’s Republic of China School of Software Engineering Chongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqing 400065People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065People’s Republic of China

Tactile perception plays a vital role for the human body and is also highly desired for smart prosthesis and advanced *** to active sensing devices,passive piezoelectric and triboelectric tactile sensors consume less power,but lack the capability to resolve static ***,we address this issue by utilizing the unique polarization chemistry of conjugated polymers for the first time and propose a new type of bioinspired,passive,and bio-friendly tactile sensors for resolving both static and dynamic ***,to emulate the polarization process of natural sensory cells,conjugated polymers(including poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophen e):poly(styrenesulfonate),polyaniline,or polypyrrole)are controllably polarized into two opposite states to create artificial potential *** controllable and reversible polarization process of the conjugated polymers is fully in situ ***,a micro-structured ionic electrolyte is employed to imitate the natural ion channels and to encode external touch stimulations into the variation in potential difference *** with the currently existing tactile sensing devices,the developed tactile sensors feature distinct characteristics including fully organic composition,high sensitivity(up to 773 mV N^(−1)),ultralow power consumption(nW),as well as superior *** demonstrations,both single point tactile perception(surface texture perception and material property perception)and two-dimensional tactile recognitions(shape or profile perception)with high accuracy are successfully realized using self-defined machine learning *** tactile sensing concept innovation based on the polarization chemistry of conjugated polymers opens up a new path to create robotic tactile sensors and prosthetic electronic skins.

关键词： Passive tactile sensors Reversible polarization of conjugated polymers Tactile perception Machine learning algorithm Object recognition

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Spatial transcriptomics combined with single-nucleus RNA sequencing reveals glial cell heterogeneity in the human spinal cord

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3302-3316页

作者： Yali chen Yiyong Wei Jin Liu Tao Zhu cheng Zhou Donghang Zhang Department of Anesthesiology West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of AnesthesiologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Department of Anesthesiology Longgang District Maternity&Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City(Longgang Maternity and Child Institute of Shantou University Medical College)ShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Anesthesiology Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhou ProvinceChina

Glial cells play crucial roles in regulating physiological and pathological functions,including sensation,the response to infection and acute injury,and chronic neurodegenerative *** cells include astrocytes,microglia,and oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system,and satellite glial cells and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous *** the greater understanding of glial cell types and functional heterogeneity achieved through single-cell and single-nucleus RNA sequencing in animal models,few studies have investigated the transcriptomic profiles of glial cells in the human spinal ***,we used high-throughput single-nucleus RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics to map the cellular and molecular heterogeneity of astrocytes,microglia,and oligodendrocytes in the human spinal *** explore the conservation and divergence across species,we compared these findings with those from *** the human spinal cord,astrocytes,microglia,and oligodendrocytes were each divided into six distinct transcriptomic *** the mouse spinal cord,astrocytes,microglia,and oligodendrocytes were divided into five,four,and five distinct transcriptomic subclusters,*** comparative results revealed substantial heterogeneity in all glial cell types between humans and ***,we detected sex differences in gene expression in human spinal cord glial ***,in all astrocyte subtypes,the levels of NEAT1 and CHI3L1 were higher in males than in females,whereas the levels of CST3 were lower in males than in *** all microglial subtypes,all differentially expressed genes were located on the sex *** addition to sex-specific gene differences,the levels of MT-ND4,MT2A,MT-ATP6,MT-CO3,MT-ND2,MT-ND3,and MT-CO_(2) in all spinal cord oligodendrocyte subtypes were higher in females than in ***,the present dataset extensively characterizes glial cell heterogeneity and offers a valuable resource for explo

关键词： astrocyte glial cell human microglia oligodendrocyte sex differentiation single-nucleus RNA sequencing spatial transcriptomics species variation spinal cord

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