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Extreme drought triggers parallel shifts in wood anatomical and physiological traits in upper treeline of the Mediterranean Andes

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Ecological Processes 2024年第01期13卷 132-143页

作者： Luiz Santini Jr. Dylan craven Daigard ricardo Ortega Rodriguez Manolo Trindade Quintilhan Stephanie Gibson-carpintero cristina Aravena Torres Fidel A.Roig Ariel A.Mu?oz Alejandro Venegas-Gonzalez Hémera centro de Observación de la Tierra Universidad Mayor GEMA center for Genomics Ecology and Environment Universidad Mayor Data Observatory Foundation ANID Technology Center Depart-ment of Forest Sciences ESALQ-University of Sao Paulo Department of Plant Biology Institute of Biology University of Campinas instituto de Geografía Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) Argentine institute of Nivology Glaciology and Environmental Sciences(IANIGLA CONICET ) institute of Geography Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso instituto de ciencias Agroalimentarias Animales y Ambientales (ICA3) Universidad de O'Higgins

Background Treeline ecotones of Mediterranean ecoregions have been affected by the increasing intensity and severity of droughts. Even though the effect of droughts on forest dynamics has been widely documented, knowledge is relatively scarce of how extreme climate episodes affect the hydraulic structure and, therefore, the phys-iology of woody plants. The Mediterranean Andes have experienced an uninterrupted period of drought since 2010, including an extremely dry year in 2019 with approximately 80% rainfall deficit. Here, we investigated shifts in wood anatomical and physiological traits of Kageneckia angustifolia, an endemic treeline species, in response to this drought *** We evaluated the xylem plasticity of three K. angustifolia populations across their natural distribution(31–35° SL) based on anatomical(vessel structure and distribution) and physiological(intrinsic water-use efficiency) variables in the tree rings. We focused on the period 2000–2020 that corresponds to before the megadrought(2000–2007),(ii) megadrought(2008–2018) and(iii) hyperdrought(2019–2020). The variables were annualized and analyzed by linear mixed-effects *** Our results provide insights to the anatomical and physiological mechanisms underlying the resilience of treeline forests to persistent droughts in central chile. We found that the extreme drought in 2019–2020 triggered shifts in vessel size and frequency that increased hydraulic safety. These significant shifts in vessel traits occurred in parallel with a decrease in pit aperture area and an increase in water-use efficiency, further increasing the resilience of K. angustifolia to extreme drought *** Our results revealed coordinated shifts in vessel size and frequency and water-use efficiency in response to the megadrought, thereby reducing vulnerability to hydraulic failure. The apparent resilience of K. angustifolia to extreme droughts suggests that this adaptation to drought stress may incre

关键词： Dendro-anatomy Kageneckia angustifolia Xylem vulnerability Drought climate change

Taxonomy,distribution,and contemporary exposure of terrestrial mammals to floods and human pressure across different areas for biodiversity conservation in china

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integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 458-467页

作者： Roman SHARNUUD Eric i.AMEcA MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science&Ecological Engineering College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina climate change Specialist Group Species Survival CommissionInternational Union for Conservation of NatureGlandSwitzerland

A significant research focus is placed on identifying animal species and areas at future risk to human-induced alterations of the environment and long-term changes in climatic ***,the extent to which exposure to extreme climatic events and intense human pressure can increase the risk of harmful impacts on species remains poorly *** on terrestrial mammals in china,one of the world’s megadiverse countries,we investigated patterns of contemporary exposure to floods and human pressures and determined their taxonomic representation and distribution across three major area-based conservation schemes,namely,national nature reserves(NNRs),priority areas for biodiversity conservation(PABcs),and key biodiversity areas(KBAs).Among the 440 species assessed with moderate or high exposure to floods,327(∼75%)also qualified as moderate or high in exposure to intense human *** species mainly belong to the orders chiroptera,Eulipotyphla,and ***,there were 305,311,and 311 species with moderate or high exposure to flood and intense human pressure represented across NNRs,PABcs,and KBAs,*** findings support the prioritization of KBAs for expansion of site-based protection efforts such as NNRs in china,considering threats to species from exposure to adverse effects from both extreme climate and human pressure.

关键词： conservation floods human pressure mammals taxonomy

Detection of 4p16.3 deletion and 11p15.5p15.4 gain in a boy by comparative genomic hybridization array:A case report

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World Journal of clinical cases 2024年第8期12卷 1517-1522页

作者： işın Kaya Medical Genetics Bakırçay UniversityÇiğli Education ve Training Hospitalİzmir 35620Turkey

BAcKGROUND Nonallelic homologous recombination(NAHR)of segmental duplications or low copy repeats(LcRs)result in DNA gain/loss and play an important role in the origin of genomic *** SUMMARY A 3-year-old boy was referred for genetic *** genomic hybrid-ization array analysis revealed a loss of 3776 kb in the 4p16.3 chromosomal region and a gain of 3201 kb in the 11p15.5p15.4 chromosomal *** Genomic imbalances caused by NAHR in LcRs result in deletion and duplication syndromes.

关键词： Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome Silver-Russell syndrome Recurrent rearrangements case report

Social determinants of gastrointestinal malformation mortality in Brazil:a national study

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World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2024年第2期7卷 134-141页

作者： Ayla Gerk Amanda Rosendo luiza Telles Aricia Gomes Miranda Madeleine carroll Bruna Oliveira Trindade Sarah Bueno Motter Esther Freire Gabriella Hyman Julia Ferreira Fabio Botelho Roseanne Ferreira David P Mooney Joaquim Bustorff-Silva Program in Global Surgery and Social change Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences McGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada Harvey E.Beardmore Division of Pediatric Surgery The Montreal Children's HospitalMcGill University Health CentreMontrealQuebecCanada Department of Surgery Universidade Estadual de Campinas(UNICAMP)CampinasBrazil instituto de Educação Médica(iDOMED/Estácio Campus Vista Carioca)Rio de JaneiroBrazil Faculty of Medicine Universidade Federal do Delta do ParnaibaParnaibaPiauiBrazil Universidade Federal de ciencias da Saude de Porto Alegre Porto AlegreBrazil Universidade Federal da Bahia SalvadorBrazil Department of Health Research Methods McMaster UniversityHamiltonSouthern OntarioCanada Department of Pediatric Surgery Boston Children's HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA

introduction in Brazil,approximately 5%are born with a congenital disorder,potentially fatal without *** study aims to evaluate the relationship between gastrointestinal congenital malformation(GicM)mortality,health indicators,and socioeconomic factors in *** GicM admissions(Q39-Q45)between 2012 and 2019 were collected using national *** demographics,socioeconomic factors,clinical management,outcomes,and the healthcare workforce density were also accounted *** Surgical Workforce density and the number of neonatal intensive care units in a region were extracted from national datasets and combined to create a clinical index termed'NeoSurg'.Socioeconomic variables were combined to create a socioeconomic index termed SocEcon'.Simple linear regression was used to investigate if the temporal changes of both indexes were *** correlation between mortality and the different indicators in Brazil was evaluated using Pearson's correlation *** Over 8 years,Brazil recorded 12804 GicM *** Southeast led with 6147 cases,followed by the Northeast(2660),South(1727),North(1427),and Midwest(843).The North and Northeast reported the highest mortality,lowest NeoSurg,and SocEcon index ***,mortality rates declined across regions from 7.7%(2012)to 3.9%(2019),a 51.7%*** North and Midwest experienced the most substantial reductions,at 63%and 75%,*** significantly correlated with the indexes in nearly all regions(pconclusion Our study highlights the correlation between social determinants of health and GicM mortality in Brazil,using two novel indexes in the pediatric *** findings provide an opportunity to rethink and discuss new indicators that could enhance our understanding of our country and could lead to the development of necessary solutions to tackle existing challenges in Brazil and globally.

关键词： Northeast Brazil globally

Enhancement of coercivity,permeability,and dielectric properties of co_(0.2)Zn_(0.3)Ni_(0.5)Eu_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4) ferrites for memory and high frequency devices

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第6期42卷 1128-1135,I0005页

作者： i.Sardar M.D.Hossain M.S.Sikder M.N.i.Khan M.R.Rahman Physics Discipline Khulna UniversityKhulna9208Bangladesh Department of Physics Khulna University of Engineering&TechnologyKhulna9203Bangladesh Department ofcomputer Science and Engineering Northern University of Business&Technology KhulnaKhulna9100Bangladesh Material Science Division Atomic Energy CentreDhaka1000Bangladesh

Spinel cubic ferrites have huge applications in me mory and high frequency *** the improvement of these modern devices,the magnetic coercivity,permeability,and dielectric properties of a ferrite are the important *** article focuses on improving the magnetic coercivity,magnetic permeability,and dielectric properties of co_(0.2)Zn_(0.3)Ni_(0.5)Eu_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4) ferrites,where x=0.00,0.06,and *** X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTiR),field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM),energy dispersive X-ray(EDX),vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM),and an impedance analyzer were used to characterize the structural,magnetic,and dielectric properties of the *** XRD patterns indicate the formation of spinel cubic structure of the samples with a secondary peak(EuFeO_(3))for Eu doped *** densities and porosities of the samples follow an inverse trend,where the doped samples’lattice parameters are increased with the increment of rare earth Eu *** FTiR analysis also proves the spinel cubic phase of the *** average grain size of the ferrites is obtained via FESEM images,and it is increased from 121 to 198 *** analysis confirms that doping of the Eu content also changes other hysteresis loop properties of co_(0.2)Zn_(0.3)Ni_(0.5)Eu_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4) ***,the coercivity of the Eu doped samples is greater than that of the mother alloy(x=0.00).The EDX study shows that there is no impurity contamination in the *** permeability and dielectric measurements show an improved quality factor of the Eu-doped samples with low magnetic and dielectric *** dependent resistivity and impedance analysis also show the improved *** the observed properties of the samples,all the investigated ferrites might be strong candidates for potential applications in memory devices,magnetic sensors,and high frequency applications.

关键词： Ferrites Raree arths coercivity Permeability EDX Resistivity

Human leukocyte antigen compatibility and incidence of donorspecific antibodies in pediatric liver transplant recipients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第33期30卷 3837-3845页

作者： Melina U Melere Flavia H Feier Jorge Neumann Antônio N Kalil Juliana de M Montagner luiza S Nader carolina S da Silva Marco Aurélio F Junior Gabriela P coral Guilherme P Bobsin cristina T Ferreira Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Santa Casa de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90050170Rio Grande do SulBrazil Department of Hepato-biliary-pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90020-090Rio Grande do SulBrazil Postgraduation Program in Medicine:Hepatology Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90050-170Rio Grande do SulBrazil Laboratory of Transplantation immunology Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90020-090Rio Grande do SulBrazil

BAcKGROUND Antibody-mediated rejection following liver transplantation(LT)has been increasingly recognized,particularly with respect to the emergence of de novo donor-specific antibodies(DSAs)and their impact on graft *** substantial evidence for adult populations exists,research focusing on pediatric LT outcomes remains *** To investigate the prevalence of human leukocyte antigen(HLA)mismatches and DSA and evaluate their association with rejection episodes after pediatric *** A cohort of pediatric LT recipients underwent HLA testing at Santa casa de Porto Alegre,Brazil,between December 2013 and December *** patients who survived for>30 days after LT with at least one DSA analysis were *** classes i and ii and cross-matches were *** presence of de novo DSA(dnDSA)was evaluated at least 3 months after LT using the Luminex®single antigen bead method,with a positive reaction threshold set at 1000 *** episodes were confirmed by liver *** Overall,67 transplanted children were analyzed;61 received grafts from living donors,85%of whom were related to ***-transplant DSA(class i or ii)was detected in 28.3%of patients,and dnDSA was detected in 48.4%.The median time to DSA detection after LT was 19.7[interquartile range(iQR):4.3-35.6]*** rejection occurred in 13 patients at follow-up,with c4d positivity observed in 5/13 Liver *** median time to rejection was 7.8(iQR:5.7-12.8)*** presence of dnDSA was significantly associated with rejection(36%vs 3%,Pction-free survival rates at 12 and 24 months were 76%vs 100%and 58%vs 95%for patients with dnDSA anti-DQ vs those without,*** Our findings highlight the importance of incorporating DSA assessment into pre-and post-transplantation protocols for pediatric LT *** implications may include immunosuppression minimization strategies based on this analysis in pediatric LT recip

关键词： Human leukocyte antigens Donor-specific antibodies Liver transplantation Pediatric Rejection

Effect of resistance training volume on body adiposity,metabolic risk,and inflammation in postmenopausal and older females:Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 145-159页

作者： Paulo ricardo Prado Nunes Pamela castro-e-Souza Anselmo Alves de Oliveira Bruno de Freitas camilo Gislaine cristina-Souza Lucio Marques Vieira-Souza Marcelo Augusto da Silva carneiro Department of Body and Human Movement Minas Gerais State University(UEMG)37902-092 PassosMGBrazil University center of Planalto de Araxa(UNiARAXA) 38180-129 AraxaMGBrazil Physical Activity Health and Ageing Research Group(GPASE)Minas Gerais State University(UEMG)37902-092 PassosMGBrazil Exercise and Nutrition Research Group(GPEN) Minas Gerais State University(UEMG)37902-092 PassosMGBrazil Sport Sciences and Physical Exercise Study and Research Group(GEPcEEX) Minas Gerais State University(UEMG)37902-092 PassosMGBrazil Metabolism Nutrition and Exercise LaboratoryPhysical Education and Sport CenterLondrina State University(UEL)86050-070 LondrinaPRBrazil Postgraduate Program in Physical Education Federal University of Sergipe(UFS)49107-230 Sao CristovaoSEBrazil

Purpose:This meta-analytical study aimed to explore the effects of resistance training(RT) volume on body adiposity,metabolic risk,and inflammation in postmenopausal and older ***:A systematic search was performed for randomized controlled trials in PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science,and *** controlled trials with postmenopausal and older females that compared RT effects on body adiposity,metabolic risk,and inflammation with a control group(cG) were *** reviewers selected the studies,extracted the data,and performed the risk of bias and certainty of the evidence(Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development,and Evaluation(GRADE)) *** body and abdominal adiposity,blood lipids,glucose,and c-reactive protein were included for meta-analysis.A random-effects model,standardized mean difference(Hedges’ g),and 95% confidence interval(95%ci) were used for ***:Twenty randomized controlled trials(overall risk of bias:some concerns;GRADE:low to very low) with overweight/obese postmenopausal and older females were *** groups were divided into low-volume RT(LVRT,~44 sets/week) and high-volume RT(HVRT,~77 sets/week).Both RT groups presented improved body adiposity,metabolic risk,and inflammation when compared to ***,HVRT demonstrated higher effect sizes than LVRT for glucose(HVRT=-1.19;95%ci:-1.63 to-0.74;LVRT=-0.78;95%ci:-1.15 to-0.41) and c-reactive protein(HVRT=-1.00;95%ci:-1.32 to-0.67;LVRT=-0.34;95%ci,-0.63 to-0.04)) when compared to ***:compared to cG,HVRT protocols elicit greater improvements in metabolic risk and inflammation outcomes than LVRT in overweight/obese postmenopausal and older females.

关键词： c-reactive protein Fat mass Lipid profile Menopause Strength training

High-temperature tribological performance of functionally graded Stellite 6/Wc metal matrix composite coatings manufactured by laser-directed energy deposition

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Friction 2024年第3期12卷 522-538页

作者： Marta OSTOLAZA Alaitz ZABALA Jon inaki ARRiZUBiETA iñigo LLAVORi Nagore OTEGi Aitzol LAMiKiZ Department of Mechanical Engineering University of the Basque Country UPV/EHUPlaza Torres Quevedo 1Bilbo 48013Spain Faculty of Engineering Mechanics and Industrial ProductionMondragon UnibertsitateaLoramendi 4Mondragon 20500Spain

Wear-driven tool failure is one of the main hurdles in the *** issue can be addressed through surface coating with ceramic-reinforced metal matrix ***,the maximum ceramic content is limited by *** this work,the tribological behaviour of the functionally graded Wc-ceramic-particlereinforced Stellite 6 coatings is *** that end,the wear resistance at room temperature and 400°c is ***,the tribological analysis is supported by crack sensitivity and hardness evaluation,which is of utmost importance in the processing of composite materials with *** indicate that functionally graded materials can be employed to increase the maximum admissible Wc content,hence improving the tribological behaviour,most notably at high ***,a shift from abrasive to oxidative wear is observed in high-temperature wear testing.

关键词： friction coating metal matrix composite functionally graded materials high temperature laserdirected energy deposition

The Adsorption Properties of TEMPO Oxidized cellulose against the Mixture of Methylene Blue and Rhemazol Yellow FG

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第8期12卷 1369-1382页

作者： i.Putu Mahendra Kartika Dinita Program Studi Kimia Fakultas SainsInsitut Teknologi SumateraJalan Terusan RyacuduWay HuwiJati AgungLampung Selatan35365Indonesia

TEMPO/NaOcl/NaBr treatment significantly increased the number of negative charges on the cellulose *** concentrations of NaOcl,5 and 30 mmol/g of cellulose,were used in this *** number of carboxyl groups in the two cellulosic samples oxidized using TEMPO/NaOcl/NaBr was 0.5160 and 1.8461 mmol/g of cellulose,*** oxidized cellulose samples treated with 5 and 30 mmol/g NaOcl exhibited higher crystallinity,at 81.15%and 80.14%,respectively,compared to untreated cellulose,which had a crystallinity of 75.95%.The pH effect indicated that the highest adsorption capacity for methylene blue was achieved under alkaline conditions(pH 9),while the highest adsorption capacity for rhemazol yellow FG was achieved under acidic *** kinetic model of TEMPO-oxidized cellulose for methylene blue and rhemazol yellow FG conformed to the pseudo-second-order *** initial concentration parameter revealed that the isotherm model for the adsorption of methylene blue and rhemazol yellow FG by TEMPO-oxidized cellulose conformed to the Langmuir *** dye removal efficiencies for methylene blue and rhemazol yellow FG using TEMPOoxidized cellulose(30 mmol/g)were approximately 80.17%and 59.52%,*** results demonstrate that TEMPO/NaOcl/NaBr-oxidized samples can effectively separate cationic and anionic dye ***,the use of TEMPO-oxidized cellulose showed good regeneration capability,maintaining more than 95%of its adsorption capacity after 8 cycles.

关键词： cellulose TEMPO oxidation cationic and anionic dyes dye separation