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Artificial intelligence and machine learning for hemorrhagic trauma care

Military Medical Research 2023年第5期10卷 680-698页

作者： Henry t.Peng MMusaab Siddiqui Shawn G.Rhind Jing Zhang luis t.odoro da luz Andrew Beckett Defence Research and Development Canada Toronto Research CentreTorontoON M3K 2C9Canada Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre TorontoON M4N 3M5Canada St.Michael’s Hospital TorontoON M5B 1W8Canada Royal Canadian Medical Services Ottawa K1A 0K2Canada

Artificial intelligence(AI),a branch of machine learning(ML)has been increasingly employed in the research of trauma in various *** is the most common cause of trauma-related *** better elucidate the current role of AI and contribute to future development of ML in trauma care,we conducted a review focused on the use of ML in the diagnosis or treatment strategy of traumatic hemorrhage.A literature search was carried out on PubMed and Google *** and abstracts were screened and,if deemed appropriate,the full articles were *** included 89 studies in the *** studies could be grouped into five areas:(1)prediction of outcomes;(2)risk assessment and injury severity for triage;(3)prediction of transfusions;(4)detection of hemorrhage;and(5)prediction of *** analysis of ML in comparison with current standards for trauma care showed that most studies demonstrated the benefits of ML ***,most studies were retrospective,focused on prediction of mortality,and development of patient outcome scoring *** studies performed model assessment via test datasets obtained from different *** models for transfusions and coagulopathy have been developed,but none is in widespread ***-enabled ML-driven technology is becoming integral part of the whole course of trauma *** and application of ML algorithms using different datasets from initial training,testing and validation in prospective and randomized controlled trials are warranted for provision of decision support for individualized patient care as far forward as possible.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Hemorrhage Machine learning trauma Injury

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Mechanical properties of a clay soil reinforced with rice husk under drained and undrained conditions

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2023年第10期15卷 2676-2686页

作者： Claudia Regina Bernardi Baldin Maiky Yamato Kawanami Weiner Gustavo Silva Costa Vitor Reinaldo Bordignon Cristhyano Cavali da luz Ronaldo luis dos Santos Izzo Federal University of technology-Paraná CuritibaBrazil

Fiber-reinforced soils have been increasingly used in geotechnical *** the years,research has sought to understand and investigate the influences of fibers as reinforcement in soilefiber *** study assessed the behavior of clayey soil in the city of Curitiba(Paraná,Brazil),adding rice husk fiber(RHF),an industrial waste from Cooperativa Agroindustrial in Alegrete(Rio Grande do Sul,Brazil).to evaluate the effect of the presence of natural RHF on the mechanical behavior of compacted soil,aspects such as the influence of fiber content and the drained and undrained behaviors of the soil were evaluated through unconfined triaxial compression *** following tests were realized:soil granulometry,specific mass of solids and Atterberg *** were produced in quadruplicate for the soil and mixtures using the RHF contents of 0.5%,0.75%,1%and 1.5%to determine the unconfined compressive strength(UCS).triaxial tests were realized on a pure soil specimen and the specimens with 1%RHF under confining pressures of 50 kPa,100 kPa,200 kPa and 400 *** interactions at the interface between husk surface and soil were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy(SEM).In UCS tests,specimens with RHF percentages of 1%and 1.5%presented the highest results,with an increment of 36%compared to the soil without *** results of the consolidated drained triaxial compression tests show that in terms of effective stress,there was a small difference in the strength of the compacted pure soil and soil with the addition of *** the undrained tests,the strength increased with the inclusion of husk,with a reduction of 50%in cohesion and an increment of 22%in friction angle for specimens containing RHF compared to the soil without RHF additions.

关键词： Clay soil Rice husk Soil reinforcemen

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Slope reliability and back analysis of failure with geotechnical parameters estimated using Bayesian inference

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2019年第3期11卷 628-643页

作者： luis-Fernando Contreras Edwin t.Brown the University of Queensland St Lucia Campus

A Bayesian approach is proposed for the inference of the geotechnical parameters used in slope *** methodology involves the construction of posterior probability distributions that combine prior information on the parameter values with typical data from laboratory tests and site investigations used in *** posterior distributions are often complex,multidimensional functions whose analysis requires the use of Markov chain Monte Carlo(MCMC)*** procedures are used to draw representative samples of the parameters investigated,providing information on their best estimate values,variability and *** paper describes the methodology to define the posterior distributions of the input parameters for slope design and the use of these results for evaluation of the reliability of a slope with the first order reliability method(FORM).the reliability analysis corresponds to a forward stability analysis of the slope where the factor of safety(FS)is calculated with a surrogate model from the more likely values of the input *** Bayesian model is also used to update the estimation of the input parameters based on the back analysis of slope *** this case,the condition FS?1 is treated as a data point that is compared with the model prediction of *** analysis requires a sufficient number of observations of failure to outbalance the effect of the initial input *** parameters are updated according to their uncertainty,which is determined by the amount of data supporting *** methodology is illustrated with an example of a rock slope characterised with a Hoek-Brown rock mass *** example is used to highlight the advantages of using Bayesian methods for the slope reliability analysis and to show the effects of data support on the results of the updating process from back analysis of failure.

关键词： Bayesian analysis Hoek-Brown criterion Slope reliability Back analysis of failure

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A decrease of docosahexaenoic acid in testes of mice fed a high-fat diet is associated with impaired sperm acrosome reaction and fertility

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2021年第3期23卷 306-313页

作者： Julio Bunay luz-Maria Gallardo Jorge luis torres-Fuentes M Veronica Aguirre-Arias Renan Orellana Nestor Sepulveda Ricardo D Moreno Physiology Department Faculty of Biological SciencesPontificia Universidad Cat6lica de Chile(PUC)Santiago 8331150Chile Department of Chemistry and Biological Sciences Health Sciences FacultyUniversidad Bernardo 0 HigginsSantiago 8370854Chile Center of Excellence in Biotechnology of Reproduction Universidad de la FronteraTemuco 4780000Chile.

Obesity is a major worldwide health problem that is related to most chronic diseases,including male *** to its wide impact on health,mechanisms underlying obesity-related infertility remain *** this study,we report that mice fed a high-fat diet(HFD)for over 2 months showed reduced fertility rates and increased germ cell apoptosis,seminiferous tubule degeneration,and decreased intratesticular estradiol(E2)and E2-to-testosterone ***,we also detected a decrease in testicular fatty acid levels,behenic acid(C22:0),and docosahexaenoic acid(DHA,22:6n-3),which may be related to the production of dysfunctional ***,we did not detect any changes in the frequency of seminiferous tubule stages,sperm count,or rate of in vitro ***,there was an increase in spontaneous and progesterone-induced acrosomal exocytosis(acrosome reaction)in spermatozoa from HFD-fed *** data suggest that a decrease in E2 and fatty acid levels influences spermatogenesis and some steps of acrosome biogenesis that will have consequences for ***,our results add new evidence about the adverse effect of obesity in male reproduction and suggest that the acrosomal reaction can also be affected under this condition.

关键词： cholesterol estradiol fat acid testis testosterone

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toxicity assessment of polyethylene microplastics in combination with a mix of emerging pollutants on Physalaemus cuvieri tadpoles

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第5期127卷 465-482页

作者： Amanda Pereira da Costa Araújo thiarlen Marinho da luz Mohamed Ahmed Ibrahim Ahmed Mir Mohammad Ali Md.Mostafizur Rahman Bojan Nataraj daniela de Melo e Silva damiàBarceló Guilherme Malafaia Post-Graduation Program in Environmental Sciences Federal University of GoiásGoianiaGO 74690-970Brazil Laboratory of toxicology Applied to the Environment Goiano Federal InstituteUrutaíGO 75790-000Brazil Plant Protection Department Faculty of AgricultureAssiut UniversityAssiut 71526Egypt Department of Aquaculture Faculty of FisheriesAquaculture&Marine ScienceSher-e-Bangla Agricultural UniversityDhaka 1207Bangladesh Department of Environmental Sciences Jahangirnagar UniversitySavar 1342Bangladesh Unit of toxicology Department of ZoologySchool of Life SciencesBharathiar UniversityCoimbatore 641046India Laboratory of Environmental Mutagenesis Federal University of GoiásGoianiaGO 74690-970Brazil Catalan Institute for Water Research(ICRA-CERCA) H_(2)O BuildingScientific and Technological Park of the University of GironaEmili Grahit 101Girona 17003Spain Water and Soil Quality Research Group Department of Environmental ChemistryInstitute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research(IDAEA-CSIC)JordiGirona 1826Barcelona 08034Spain Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources Goiano Federal InstituteUrutaíGO 75790-000Brazil Post-Graduation Program in Ecology Conservationand BiodiversityFederal University of UberlandiaUberlandiaMG 38400-902Brazil Post-Graduation Programa in Biotechnology and Biodiversity Federal University of GoiásGoianiaGO 74605-050Brazil

Studies in recent years have shown that aquatic pollution by microplastics(MPs)can be considered to pose additional stress to amphibian ***,our knowledge of how MPs affect amphibians is very rudimentary,and even more limited is our understanding of their effects in combination with other emerging ***,we aimed to evaluate the possible toxicity of polyethylene MPs(PE-MPs)(alone or in combination with a mix of pollutants)on the health of Physalaemus cuvieri *** 30 days of exposure,multiple biomarkers were measured,including morphological,biometric,and developmental indices,behavioral parameters,mutagenicity,cytotoxicity,antioxidant and cholinesterase responses,as well as the uptake and accumulation of PE-MPs in *** on the results,there was no significant change in any of the parameters measured in tadpoles exposed to treatments,but induced stress was observed in tadpoles exposed to PE-MPs combined with themixture of pollutants,reflecting significant changes in physiological and biochemical *** principal component analysis(PCA)and integrated biomarker response(IBR)assessment,effects induced by pollutants in each test group were distinguished,confirming that the exposure of *** tadpoles to the PE-MPs in combination with a mix of emerging pollutants induces an enhanced stress response,although the uptake and accumulation of PE-MPs in these animalswas ***,our study provides newinsight into the danger to amphibians of MPs coexisting with other pollutants in aquatic environments.

关键词： Amphibians Environmental toxicology Micropollutants Emerging pollutants Aquatic pollution Biomarkers

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Bayesian data analysis to quantify the uncertainty of intact rock strength

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2018年第1期10卷 11-31页

作者： luis Fernando Contreras Edwin t.Brown Marc Ruest the University of Queensland St Lucia CampusBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia Golder Associates Pty.Ltd. BrisbaneAustralia

One of the main difficulties in the geotechnical design process lies in dealing with uncertainty. Uncertainty is associated with natural variation of properties, and the imprecision and unpredictability caused by insufficient information on parameters or models. Probabilistic methods are normally used to quantify uncertainty. However, the frequentist approach commonly used for this purpose has some ***, it lacks a formal framework for incorporating knowledge not represented by data. Second, it has limitations in providing a proper measure of the confidence of parameters inferred from data. the Bayesian approach offers a better framework for treating uncertainty in geotechnical design. the advantages of the Bayesian approach for uncertainty quantification are highlighted in this paper with the Bayesian regression analysis of laboratory test data to infer the intact rock strength parameters σand mused in the Hoek-Brown strength criterion. two case examples are used to illustrate different aspects of the Bayesian methodology and to contrast the approach with a frequentist approach represented by the nonlinear least squares(NLLS) method. the paper discusses the use of a Student’s t-distribution versus a normal distribution to handle outliers, the consideration of absolute versus relative residuals, and the comparison of quality of fitting results based on standard errors and Bayes factors. Uncertainty quantification with confidence and prediction intervals of the frequentist approach is compared with that based on scatter plots and bands of fitted envelopes of the Bayesian approach. Finally, the Bayesian method is extended to consider two improvements of the fitting analysis. the first is the case in which the Hoek-Brown parameter, a, is treated as a variable to improve the fitting in the triaxial region. the second is the incorporation of the uncertainty in the estimation of the direct tensile strength from Brazilian test results within the overall evaluati

关键词： Uncertainty Intact rock strength Bayesian analysis Hoek-Brown criterion

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Distributed representations of atoms and materials for machine learning

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 415-423页

作者： luis M.Antunes Ricardo Grau-Crespo Keith t.Butler Department of Chemistry University of ReadingWhiteknightsReadingRG66DXUK SciML Scientific Computing DepartmentRutherford Appleton LaboratoryHarwellOX110QXUK

the use of machine learning is becoming increasingly common in computational materials *** build effective models of the chemistry of materials,useful machine-based representations of atoms and their compounds are *** derive distributed representations of compounds from their chemical formulas only,via pooling operations of distributed representations of *** compound representations are evaluated on ten different tasks,such as the prediction of formation energy and band gap,and are found to be competitive with existing benchmarks that make use of structure,and even superior in cases where only composition is ***,we introduce an approach for learning distributed representations of atoms,named SkipAtom,which makes use of the growing information in materials structure databases.

关键词： representations operations competitive

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Gastric cancer research in Mexico:A public health priority

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第16期20卷 4491-4502页

作者： Clara luz Sampieri Mauricio Mora Instituto de Salud Pública Universidad VeracruzanaAv. Luis Castelazo AyalaCol. Industrial ánimas91190 XalapaVeracruzMéxico Facultad de Medicina Universidad Veracruzana.Médicos y OdontólogosCol. Virginia Cordero91120 XalapaVeracruzMéxico

this study aimed review studies conducted on Mexican patients diagnosed with gastric cancer and/or diseases associated with its development,in which at least one Mexican institute has participated,and to assess their contributions to the primary and secondary prevention of this disease.A search of the Medline database was conducted using the following keywords:gastric/stomach cancer,*** of the Mexican population were selected in which at least one Mexican Institute had participated and where the findings could support public policy proposals directed towards the primary or secondary prevention of gastric *** the148 studies found in the Medline database,100 were discarded and 48 were *** to the analysis presented,these studies were classified as:epidemiology of gastric cancer(5/48);risk factors and protectors relating to gastric cancer(9/48);relationship between Helicobacter pylori and pathologies associated with gastric cancer and the development of the disease(16/48);relationship between the Epstein-Barr virus and pathologies associated with gastric cancer and the development of the disease(3/48);molecular markers for the development of diseases associated with gastric cancer and gastric cancer(15/48).Mexico requires a program for the prevention and control of gastric cancer based on national health *** should be produced by a multidisciplinary committee of experts who can propose actions that are relevant in the current national *** few studies of gastric cancer conducted on the Mexican population in national institutes highlight the poor connection that currently exists between the scientific community and the health sector in terms of resolving this health *** policies for health research should support projects with findings that can be translated into benefits for the *** review serves to identify national research groups studying gastric cancer in the Mexican population.

关键词： Gastric cancer Mexico Research Prevention Public health

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Lymph node non-Hodgkin's lymphoma incidentally discovered during a nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2013年第3期1卷 121-123页

作者： Sergio Fernandez-Pello luis Rodriguez Villamil Ivan Gonzalez Rodriguez Victoria Venta Javier Cuervo Carmen luz Menéndez Urology Department Cabuenes Hospital33203 GijónSpain Pathology Department Cabuenes Hospital33203 GijónSpain

We report the case of a left laparoscopic nephroureterectomy with the incidental discovery of a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in one of the lymph nodes of the renal hilum. A laparoscopic nephroureterectomy was decided on for a 64-year-old man. Renal cell carcinoma in the kidney and one lymph node of the renal hilum with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was found. Chemotherapy was not started for the lymphoma discovery. there are no signs of relapse after two years of follow up. Coexistence in the same patient is an extremely rare condition. We review the literature about this issue to clarify this association.

关键词： Renal cell carcinoma Lymphoma Nephrectomy

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Pathogenesis and clinical management of arboviral diseases

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World Journal of Virology 2025年第1期14卷 9-50页

作者： Victoria Cenci Dietrich Juan Marcos Caram Costa Marina Maria Gomes Leite Oliveira Carlos Eduardo Oliveira Aguiar luis Guilherme de Oliveira Silva Marcel Silva luz Fabian Fellipe Bueno Lemos Fabrício Freire de Melo Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde Universidade Federal da BahiaVitória da Conquista 45029-094BahiaBrazil

Arboviral diseases are viral infections transmitted to humans through the bites of arthropods,such as mosquitoes,often causing a variety of pathologies associated with high levels of morbidity and *** the past decades,these infections have proven to be a significant challenge to health systems worldwide,particularly following the considerable geographic expansion of the dengue virus(DENV)and its most recent outbreak in Latin America as well as the difficult-tocontrol outbreaks of yellow fever virus(YFV),chikungunya virus(CHIKV),and Zika virus(ZIKV),leaving behind a substantial portion of the population with complications related to these ***,the world is experiencing a period of intense globalization,which,combined with global warming,directly contributes to wider dissemination of arbovirus vectors across the ***,all continents remain on high alert for potential new ***,this review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis of the four main arboviruses today(DENV,ZIKV,YFV,and CHIKV)discussing their viral characteristics,immune responses,and mechanisms of viral evasion,as well as important clinical aspects for patient *** includes associated symptoms,laboratory tests,treatments,existing or developing vaccines and the main associated complications,thus integrating a broad historical,scientific and clinical approach.

关键词： Arboviruses Arbovirus infections Dengue Zika virus Yellow fever Chikungunya virus Clinical diagnosis Pathogenesis Flavivirus togaviridae infections

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