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Progress and challenges in the comprehensive management of chronic viral hepatitis: Key ways to achieve the elimination

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第26期27卷 4004-4017页

作者： Fátima Higuera-de la Tijera alfredo Servín-Caamaño luis Servín-Abad Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Hospital General de MéxicoMexico City 06726Mexico Department of Internal Medicine Hospital General de MéxicoMexico City 06726Mexico Department of Gastroenterology Saint Cloud HospitalSaint CloudMN 56303United States

Chronic viral hepatitis is a significant health problem throughout the world,which already represents high annual *** 2040,chronic viral hepatitis due to virus B and virus C and their complications cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma will be more deadly than malaria,vitellogenesis-inhibiting hormone,and tuberculosis *** this review,we analyze the global impact of chronic viral hepatitis with a focus on the most vulnerable groups,the goals set by the World Health Organization for the year 2030,and the key points to achieve them,such as timely access to antiviral treatment of direct-acting antiviral,which represents the key to achieving hepatitis C virus ***,we review the strategies to prevent transmission and achieve control of hepatitis B ***,we address the impact that the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has had on implementing elimination strategies and the advantages of implementing telemedicine programs.

关键词： Hepatitis C Hepatitis B Vaccination Elimination program Telemedicine Direct antiviral agents

Photocatalytic performance of K2Ti6O13 whiskers to H2 evolution and CO2 photo-reduction

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2019年第10期28卷 18-28页

作者： L. F. Garay-Rodríguez L.M.Torres-Martínez E.moctezuma Facultad de Ingeniería Civil-Departamento de Ecomateriales y Energía Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo LeónAv. Universidad S/N Cd. UniversitariaC. P. 66455 San Nicolás de los GarzaNLMéxico Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Universidad Autónoma de San Luis PotosíAv. Manuel Nava#6C. P.78290 San Luis PotosíSLPMéxico

K2Ti6O13 whiskers were synthesized by conventional sol-gel method, sono-chemical assisted and microwave assisted sol-gel method in order to obtain catalysts with different particle sizes and to modify their optical, textural and electrochemical properties. These modifications improved their photocatalytic activity for H2 evolution and CO2 photo-reduction. Long K2Ti6O13 whiskers prepared by ultrasound assisted sol-gel method are the most active photocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction using pure water as reactant (U-SG, 10,065 μmol g^-1). In contrast, an opposite behavior was observed using a mixture of ethanol-water, where the highest activity was achieved by the shortest and less crystalline K2Ti6O13 whiskers (C-SG, 3,2871 μmol g^-1). In case of CO2 photo-reduction, long whiskers that were also prepared by the sono-chemical assisted sol-gel method were the most active to transform CO2 to formaldehyde, methane, methanol and hydrogen. The EFB value of this catalyst is located very close to the potential for formaldehyde production and favors the selectivity to this organic product.

关键词： K2Ti6O13 Sol-gel Whiskers Hydrogen evolution CO2 reduction

Malnutrition negatively impacts the quality of life of patients with cirrhosis: An observational study

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World Journal of Hepatology 2017年第5期9卷 263-269页

作者： Gabriela Rojas-Loureiro alfredo Servín-Caamano Elizabeth Pérez-Reyes luis Servín-Abad Fátima Higuerade la Tijera Liver Clinic Gastroenterology DepartmentHospital General de México“Dr.Eduardo Liceaga” Internal Medicine Department Hospital General de México“Dr.Eduardo Liceaga” Gastroenterologist at Lakeland Regional Medical Center

AIMTo verify how malnutrition is related to health-related quality of life (HRQL) impairment in patients with cirrhosis. METHODSData was retrospectively abstracted from medical records and obtained by direct interview. We included patients with cirrhosis from any etiology, evaluated at the Liver Clinic from Gastroenterology Department in a tertiary healthcare center, from June 2014 to June 2016. Child-Pugh score, data about complications, and demographic, clinical and anthropometric characteristics of patients were obtained. Nutritional status was evaluated by the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA). HRQL was evaluated through the Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire. Patients were requested to assess their global HRQL with the following code: 0 = impairment of HRQL, when it was compared with other healthy subjects; 1 = good HRQL, if it was similar to the quality of life of other healthy subjects. To compare the primary outcome between malnourished and well-nourished groups, the χ2 test, Fisher’s exact test or Student’s t-test were used, based on the variable type. Associations between predictor variables and deterioration of HRQL were determined by calculating the hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval using Cox proportional hazards regression. RESULTSA total of 127 patients with cirrhosis were included, and the mean age was 54.1 ± 12.3 years-old. According to Child-Pugh scoring, 25 (19.7%) were classified as A (compensated), 76 (59.8%) as B, and 26 (20.5%) as C (B/C = decompensated). According to SGA, 58 (45.7%) patients were classified as well-nourished. Sixty-nine patients identified HRQL as good, and 76 patients (59.8%) perceived impairment of their HRQL. Multivariate analysis to determine associations between predictor variables and self-perception of an impairment of HRQL found strong association with malnutrition (P P CONCLUSIONMalnutrition is a key factor related to impairment of HRQL in patients with cirrhosis.

关键词： Malnutrition Subjective global assessment Health-related quality of life Cirrhosis Chronic liver disease questionnaire

Increased incidence of and microbiologic changes in pyogenic liver abscesses in the Mexican population

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World Journal of Hepatology 2020年第10期12卷 816-828页

作者： Juanita Pérez-Escobar Wagner Ramirez-Quesada Daniel Alejandro Calle-Rodas luis Alberto Chi-Cervera Nalu Navarro-Alvarez Jorge Aquino-Matus Juan Pablo Ramírez-Hinojosa Carlos moctezuma-Velázquez Aldo Torre Department of Gastroenterology Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador ZubiránMexico City 14080Mexico Department of Internal Medicine Hospital General Dr.Manuel Gea GonzálezMexico City 14080Mexico

BACKGROUND Pyogenic liver abscess(PLA)is a rare disease with an estimated incidence that varies widely across the globe,being as high as 115.4/100000 habitants in Taiwan and as low as 1.1-1.2/100000 habitants in Europe and *** though there are multiple microorganisms capable of producing an abscess in the liver,including Entamoeba histolytica,fungi,and viruses,most abscesses are derived from bacterial *** epidemiology of PLA in Mexico is currently *** To describe the clinical,demographic and microbiologic characteristics of PLA in *** This is a retrospective study carried out in two centers,and included patients seen between 2006 and 2018 with the diagnosis of pyogenic *** collected demographic,clinical,and microbiological information,treatment,complications,and outcomes.A logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association between different variables and mortality *** A total of 345 patients were included in this study.233(67.5%)had confirmed PLA,133(30%)patients had no positive culture and negative serology and 9(2.5%)had mixed *** mean age was 50 years(ranging from 16-97 years)and 63%were female.65%of the patients had positive cultures for Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamases(ESBL)-Escherichia coli and Klebsiella *** was administered in 60%of *** most common sources of infection were ascending cholangitis and cholecystitis in 34(10%)and 31(9%),*** median length of hospital stay was 14 d.165 patients underwent percutaneous catheter *** inpatient mortality rate was 63%.Immunocompromised state[OR 3.9,95%CI:1.42-10.46],ESBL-Escherichia coli[OR 6.7,95%CI:2.7-16.2]and Klebsiella pneumoniae[OR 4-8,95%CI:1.6-14.4]predicted inpatient mortality by multivariate *** The prevalence of PLA is increasing in Mexico and has a very high mortality ***-Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are the most common microorganisms causing PLA

关键词： Liver abscess Pyogenic Mexican population Epidemiology Complications Outcomes Mortality

New Framework Based on Fusion Information from Multiple Landslide Data Sources and 3D Visualization

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Journal of Earth Science 2020年第1期31卷 159-168页

作者： Fermin Villalpando Jose Tuxpan Jose alfredo Ramos-Leal Simon Carranco-Lozada Division of Applied Geosciences Scientific and Technological Research Institute of San Luis PotosiSan Luis Potosi 78216Mexico Catedras-CONA CyT National Council for Science and TechnologyCDMX 03940Mexico Centre for Scientific and Technological Studies National Polytechnic InstituteGuanajuato 37358Mexico

Recent monitoring techniques employ multiple sources of information for the characterization of the phenomenon to be studied, being the coupling and adjustment of multi-source data one of the first challenges to consider and solve. The authors propose a new framework of the multi-source and multi-temporal data-oriented fusion for the characterization of landslide events. The main objective is to generate 3D virtual models(in the form of dense point clouds) and feed them back with the characteristic of soil and subsoil information. The scheme consists of three main steps. The first one is on-site data collection(geological characterization, geophysical measurements, GPS measurements, and UAV/drone mapping). The second step is generation of a high-resolution 3D virtual model(~1-inch spatial resolution) from the frames acquired through the UAV using the structure of motion(SfM) processing;the developed virtual model is optimized with GPS measurements to minimize geolocation error and eliminate distortions. The last step is assembling of the acquired data in the field and densified point cloud considering the different nature of the data, re-escalating procedure and the information stacking layer.

关键词： 3D model natural risk geophysical/geological techniques unmanned aerial vehicle fusion data

Comparative study measuring the dilatory effect of a mydriatic device(Mydriasert~) versus topical drops

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2013年第6期6卷 801-804页

作者： Manuel Saenz-de-Viteri Patricia Fernandez-Robredo Elisa de Nova Elvira Bonet-Farriol Alfonso L.Sabater Javier Zarranz-Ventura Josemaria Caire luis M.Sadaba Angel Salinas-Alaman alfredo Garcia-Layana Department of Ophthalmology University of Navarra

AIM:To compare the mydriatic efficacy of an ophthalmic insert(Mydriasert,MY)versus phenylephrine and tropicamide(PT)eye ***:Two controlled,prospective,randomized,single-blind studies were *** the first study,a total of 80 eyes from 40 outpatient-clinic patients were *** drops were applied to the right eye,and a MY device was inserted in the left eye for *** until maximal pupil dilation for each eye was then *** the second study,80 eyes from 80 patients undergoing cataract surgery were *** dilation was achieved using either PT drops three-times for one hour prior to surgery(40 patients),or a MY device was inserted one hour prior to surgery(40 patients).RESULTS:In the first study,MY achieved superior mydriasis compared to PT eye drops at 90min(9.04±1.33mm vs 8.78±1.37mm,P=0.012).However MY took longer than PT drops to achieve maximal dilation,and mydriasis was inferior in eyes with MY compared to PT drops at 30min(7.21±1.73mm vs 8.22±1.43mm,P<0.001),the two groups only becoming similar by 60min(8.85±1.44mm vs 8.71±1.27mm,P=0.236).In the second study,both MY and PT achieved similar levels of mydriasis at the beginning of surgery(8.75±0.76mm with MY vs 8.77±0.63mm with PT),and also at the end of surgery(7.96±1.06mm with MY vs 8.32±0.72mm with PT),with no significant difference between groups(P=0.08).MY was well tolerated and cardiovascular effects were not influenced by dilation ***:MY could be a safe and efficacious alternative for *** mydriatic effect of MY is as good as conventional PT eye drops after 60min,and is superior after *** also maintains good pupil dilation during cataract surgery.

关键词： Mydriasert~ mydriasis pupil dilation cataract surgery device

Characterization of Nickel Alloy 600 with Ultra-Fine Structure Processed by Severe Plastic Deformation Technique (SPD)

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2017年第4期5卷 33-44页

作者： Waldemar alfredo Monteiro Silvio luis Ventavele da Silva Luciana Ventavele da Silva Arnaldo Homobono Paes de Andrade luis Carlos Elias da Silva Nuclear and Energy Research Institute IPEN Cidade Universitária S&atilde o Paulo Brasil

High strength nickel based alloys are used in a multitude of advanced systems where lightweight, high power density mechanical power transmission systems are required. Components such as gears, bearings and shafts could be made significantly smaller and more durable if a major improvement in nickel based alloy mechanical properties could be achieved. An important refinement in grain size (includes nanometric level) is thought to be a promising method for achieving fundamental improvements in mechanical properties. Grain size is known to have a significant effect on the mechanical behavior of materials. One of the most favorable methods of achieving extreme grain refinement is by subjecting the materials to severe plastic deformation (SPD). The principal micro-structural variations in superalloys are the precipitation amount and morphology, grain size and the distribution of carbide precipitation that could reduce the mechanical properties of the alloys. This work shows optical and transmission electron microscopy analysis and also hardness data after severe plastic deformation (pure shear stress).

关键词： Nickel Based Alloys Severe Plastic Deformation Hardness Microstructure Microscopy

Low Frequency Dispersion in Ionic Conduction of （1 -x）（Nal-4Agl）-xAl2O3

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材料科学与工程（中英文版） 2010年第4期4卷 71-76页

作者： luis alfredo Rodriguez Gonzalez Wilmer Buchelli Hernando Correa Jesus E. Diosa Ruben Antonio Vargas Zapata Grupo de Transiciones de Fase en Sistemas no Metalicos Universidaddel Valle A.A. 25360 Cali Colombia Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid CSIC Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Espana Laboratorio de Optoelectronica Universidad del Quindio Armenia Colombia

Quantification of the Mixture of Hydrothermal and Fresh Water in Tectonic Valleys

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Journal of Earth Science 2020年第5期31卷 1007-1015页

作者： Janete Moran-Ramirez Jose Ivan Morales-Arredondoc Maria Aurora Armienta-Hernandez Jose alfredo Ramos-Leal National Council of Science and Technology National Autonomous University of MexicoInstitute of GeophysicsScientific Research CircuitUniversity CityCoyoacan 04150Mexico CityMexico National Autonomous University of Mexico Institute of GeophysicsUniversity CampusMexico CityMexico Potosino Institute for Scientific and Technological Research 78216 San Luis PotosiS.L.P.Mexico

This study was conducted to identify the origin, hydrogeochemical processes and evolution of groundwater in a tectonic valley. This study was carried out with the aim of quantifying the proportions of groundwater flows contributing to the water chemistry abstracted in a zone of convergence favored by the presence of active faults. The study area is located in the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt. End members methodology was applied to identify the mixing of hydrothermal with fresh groundwater, where changes in the aquifer geology result in distinct groundwater chemical signatures. Ternary mixing was quantified using conservative elements. Moreover, other evolutionary processes, such as ion exchange and silicate weathering occur due to changes in the geology of the area. In ternary mixing, each of the end members is associated with the lithology through which it circulates. The local flow contributes 70% of the water to the system, the intermediate flow contributes 14%, and the regional flow contributes 16%. Three types of water are produced: Na-HCO3, due to the interaction of water with volcanic rocks of rhyolitic composition, Na-Mg-HCO3, due to the interaction of water with volcanic rocks of basaltic-andesite composition, and Ca-HCO3, due to the interaction of water with sedimentary calcareous rocks.

关键词： hydrogeochemistry ternary mixing end members conservative elements local flow Mexico