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templated synthesis of transition metal phosphide electrocatalysts for oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions

Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第2期89卷 646-669,I0014页

作者： Rose Anne Acedera Alicia theresse Dumlao DJ Donn matienzo maricor Divinagracia Julie Anne del Rosario Paraggua po-Ya Abel Chuang Joey Ocon Laboratory of Electrochemical Engineering(LEE) Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of the PhilippinesDilimanQuezon City 1101Philippines Mechanical Engineering University of CaliforniaMercedCA 95343USA Energy Engineering Program College of EngineeringUniversity of the PhilippinesDilimanQuezon City 1101Philippines

transition metal phosphides(tMPs)have been regarded as alternative hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)catalysts owing to their comparable activity to those of noble metal-based *** have been produced in various morphologies,including hollow and porous nanostructures,which are features deemed desirable for electrocatalytic *** synthesis routes are often responsible for such *** paper reviews the latest advances and existing challenges in the synthesis of tMP-based OER and HER catalysts through templated methods.A comprehensive review of the structure-property-performance of tMP-based HER and OER catalysts prepared using different templates is *** discussion proceeds according to application,first by HER and further divided among the types of templates used-from hard templates,sacrificial templates,and soft templates to the emerging dynamic hydrogen bubble *** catalysts are then reviewed and grouped according to their ***,prospective research directions for the synthesis of hollow and porous tMP-based catalysts,such as improvements on both activity and stability of tMPs,design of environmentally benign templates and processes,and analysis of the reaction mechanism through advanced material characterization techniques and theoretical calculations,are suggested.

关键词： OER HER transition metal phosphide templated synthesis Electrocatalysts

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ca-based materials derived from calcined cigarette butts for CO_(2)capture and thermochemical energy storage

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第6期140卷 230-241页

作者： nabil Amghar Virginia Moreno Pedro E.Sánchez-Jiménez Antonio Perejón luis A.Pérez-maqueda Instituto de Ciencia de materiales de Sevilla C.S.I.C.-Universidad de SevillaC.Américo Vespucio4941092 SevillaSpain Instituto de tecnología de materiales(ItM) Universitat Politècnica de València(UPV)Plaza Ferrándiz y Carbonell 1AlcoyAlicante 03801Spain Departamento de Química Inorgánica Facultad de QuímicaUniversidad de Sevilla41012 SevillaSpain

Cigarette butts(CBs)are one of the most common types of litter in the *** to the toxic substances they contain,the waste generated poses a harmful risk to the environment,and therefore there is an urgent need for alternative solutions to landfill ***,this work presents a possible revalorization of this waste material,which implies interesting environmental *** were used as sacrificial templates for the preparation of caO-based materials by impregnation with calcium and magnesium nitrates followed by flaming *** materials presented enhanced porosity for their use in the calcium Looping process applied either to thermochemical energy storage or CO_(2)capture *** influence of the concentration of ca and Mg in the impregnating solutions on the multicycle reactivity of the samples was *** improved multicycle performance was obtained in terms of conversion for both applications.

关键词： Cigarette butts calcium-Looping CO_(2)capture thermochemical energy storage

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twenty years of population dynamics in European beech-oak forest at their rear range margin anticipate changes in its structure and composition

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第3期11卷 358-370页

作者： álvaro Rubio-Cuadrado Iciar Alberdi Isabel canellas Fernando Montes Jesús Rodríguez-calcerrada Rosana López Guillermo G.Gordaliza maría Valbuena-carabana nikos nanos Ramón Perea luis Gil Departamento de dinamica y gestion forestal Instituto de Ciencias Forestales(ICIFOR-INIA)CSICCtra.La Coruna km 7.528040MadridSpain Departamento de Sistemas y Recursos naturales Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingeniería de MontesForestal y del Medio NaturalUniversidad Politecnica de Madrid.Ciudad Universitaria s/n28040MadridSpain School of Forestry and natural Environment Aristotle University of ThessalonikiUniversity Campus54124ThessalonikiGreece

there is an increasing interest in restoring degraded forests,which occupy half of the forest *** the forms of restoration,passive restoration,which involves the elimination of degrading factors and the free evolution of natural dynamics by applying minimal or no management,is gaining *** dynamics is difficult to predict due to the influence of multiple interacting factors such as climatic and edaphic conditions,composition and abundance of species,and the successional character of these ***,we study the natural dynamics of a mixed forest located in central Spain,which maintained an open forest structure,due to intensive use,until grazing and cutting were banned in the *** most frequent woody species in this forest are Fagus sylvatica,Quercus petraea,Quercus pyrenaica,Ilex aquifolium,Sorbus aucuparia,Sorbus aria and Prunus avium,with contrasting shade and drought *** species are common in temperate European deciduous forest and are found here near their southern distribution limit,except for *** order to analyze forest dynamics and composition,three inventories were carried out in 1994,2005 and *** results show that,despite the Mediterranean influence,the natural dynamics of this forest has been mainly determined by different levels of shade *** the abandonment of grazing and cutting,*** expanded rapidly due to its lower shade tolerance,whereas after canopy closure and forest densification,shade-tolerant species gained ground,particularly ***,despite its lower drought and late-frost *** the current dynamics continue,*** will overtake the rest of the species,which will be relegated to sites with shallow soils and steep ***,all the multi-centennial beech trees,which are undergoing a rapid mortality and decline process,will disappear.

关键词： Forest succession Secondary forest Woodland Mixed forest Competition Recruitment

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Epidemiology of work-related hand and wrist injuries in a referral center: A descriptive study

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第7期15卷 650-659页

作者： Angélica M Rodríguez Ginna P tocanchón Jessica t Villalba luis M pombo Aníbal A teherán Gabriel camero-Ramos Karen P Ayala Gerhard M Acero Research Center Fundación Universitaria Juan N.CorpasBogotá111321Colombia Red Cross Cruz Roja Colombiana-Seccional Cundinamarca BogotáBogotá111221Colombia Vigilancia Epidemiológica Instituto Nacional de SaludBogotá111321Colombia

BACKGROUnD Occupational hand and wrist injuries(OHWIs)account for 25%of work-related accidents in low-and middle-income *** Colombia,more than 500000 occupational accidents occurred in 2021,and although the rate declined to less than 5%in 2020 and 2021,at least one in four accidents involved a hand or wrist *** to describe the OHWIs in workers seen at the emergency room at a second-level hospital in *** An observational study was performed using data from workers who experienced OHWIs and attended a second-level hospital,between June,2020 and may,*** overall frequency of OHWIs,as well as their distribution by sociodemo-graphic,clinical,and occupational variables,are ***,association patterns between sex,anatomical area(fingers,hand,wrist),and type of job were analyzed by correspondence analysis(ca).RESULtS there were 2.101 workers treated for occupational accidents,423(20.3%)were cases of OHWIs,which mainly affected men(93.9%)with a median age of 31 years and who worked mainly in mining(75.9%).OHWIs were more common in the right upper extremity(55.3%)and comprised different types of injuries,such as contusion(42.1%),laceration(27.9%),fracture(18.7%),and crush injury(15.6%).they primarily affected the phalanges(95.2%),especially those of the first finger(25.7%).the cas showed associations between the injured anatomical area and the worker’s job that differed in men and women(explained variance>90%).COnCLUSIOn One out of five workers who suffered occupational accidents in Cundinamarca,Columbia had an OHWI,affecting mainly males employed in *** occupational profile is likely to lead to prolonged rehabilitation,and permanent functional *** results might be useful for adjusting preventive measures in cluster risk groups.

关键词： Accidents Occupational Epidemiology Hand injuries Wrist injuries Occupational health

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mapping ecosystem services in urban and peri-urban areas.A systematic review

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Geography and Sustainability 2024年第3期5卷 491-509页

作者： Paulo Pereira Miguel Inácio luis Pinto marius Kalinauskas Katarzyna Bogdzevic Wenwu Zhao Environmental management Laboratory Mykolas Romeris UniversityVilniusLithuania State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Institute of Land Surface System and Sustainable Development Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

Urban and peri-urban ecosystems are subjected to an intense *** demand for ecosystem services(ES)is higher in these ***,despite the anthropogenic pressures,urban and peri-urban ecosystems supply important *** is a crucial exercise to understand ES dynamics in these environments *** work aims to systematically review mapping ES in urban and peri-urban areas studies,following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-alpha Methods.A total of 207 studies were *** results show increased work between 2011 and 2023,mainly conducted in Europe and *** work were developed in urban areas and did not follow an established ES *** studies focused on the ES supply dimension,the regulation and maintenance *** provisioning ES,most studies focused on Cultivating terrestrial plants for nutrition,regulating and maintainin g Atmospheric composition and conditions,and for cultural ES on Physical and experiential interactions with the natural *** methods were mostly applied following Indicator-based(secondary data:biophysical,socio-economic)*** few work validated the *** studies forecasted ES,primarily based on land use changes using ca-markov *** study provides an overview of the most mapped urban and peri-urban ES globally,the areas where more studies need to be conducted,and the methods developed.

关键词： Systematic review Urban and peri-urban areas Ecosystem services mapping Methods

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Robotic management of urinary fistula

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第3期11卷 357-365页

作者： luis G.Medina Randall A.Lee Valeria Celis Veronica Rodriguez Jaime poncel Aref S.Sayegh Rene Sotelo the catherine and Joseph Aresty Department of Urology USC Institute of UrologyKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA Division of Urology Department of SurgeryFox Chase Cancer CenterTemple University Health SystemPhiladelphiaPAUSA

Objectives:to highlight critical preoperative and intraoperative considerations in approaching fistula repair ***:A search of the literature was conducted to identify relevant articles pertaining to robotic management of urinary ***:Fistulae of the genitourinary tract can be a challenging dilemma for urologists,as definitive management may require surgical *** of both enteric and non-enteric fistulae are multifactorial,and successful repair hinges on the meticulous perioperative evaluation,planning,and *** open techniques can subject patients to increased morbidity and prolonged *** its introduction,the robotic surgical platform has continued to expand its *** three-dimensional visualization and tremor free wristed instrument movements have made the robotic platform an attractive option for genitourinary fistula ***:Robotic management of complex urinary fistulae is feasible in expert hands;more studies are needed to define its role in the treatment algorithm of this devastating conditions.

关键词： Fistula Robotic surgery Rectourethral Rectovesical Vesicovaginal

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Woody plant taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic diversity decrease along elevational gradients in Andean tropical montane forests:Environmental filtering and arrival of temperate taxa

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Plant Diversity 2024年第4期46卷 491-501页

作者： Guillermo Bañares-de-Dios manuel J.macía Gabriel Arellano Íñigo Granzow-de la Cerda Julia Vega-álvarez Itziar Arnelas carlos I.Espinosa norma Salinas luis cayuela Departamento de Biología y Geología Física y Química InorgánicaUniversidad Rey Juan CarlosCalle Tulipán s/nMóstolesMadridES-28933Spain Departamento de Biología Área de BotánicaUniversidad Autónoma de MadridCalle Darwin 2MadridES-28049Spain Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y cambio Global(CIBC-UAM) Universidad Autónoma de MadridCalle Darwin 2MadridES-28049Spain Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Oikobit LLC ***AlbuquerqueNM87120USA Real Jardín Botánico–CSIC Plaza Murillo 2MadridES-28014Spain Departamento de Biología Animal EcologíaParasitologíaEdafología y Química AgrícolaUniversidad de SalamancaCalle Donantes de Sangre s/nSalamancaES-37007Spain Departamento de Biodiversidad Ecología y EvoluciónUniversidad Complutense de MadridCalle JoséAntonio Nováis 12Ciudad UniversitariaES-28040Spain Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias Universidad Técnica Particular de LojaA.P.11-01-608 LojaEcuador Sección Química Pontificia Universidad Católica del PerúA.P.Lima 32LimaPeru ECI School of Geography and EnvironmentUniversity of OxfordOX13QYOxfordshireUnited Kingdom Instituto de Investigación en cambio Global(IICG-URJC) Universidad Rey Juan CarlosCalle Tulipán s/nMóstolesMadridES-28933Spain

Mountains are paramount for exploring biodiversity patterns due to the mosaic of topographies and climates encompassed over short *** research has traditionally focused on taxonomic diversity when investigating changes along elevational gradients,but other facets should be *** first time,we simultaneously assessed elevational trends in taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic diversity of woody plants in Andean tropical montane forests and explored their underlying ecological and evolutionary *** investigation covered four transects(traversing ca.2200 m a.s.l.) encompassing 114 plots of 0.1 ha across a broad latitudinal range(ca.10°).Using Hill numbers to quantify abundance-based diversity among 37,869 individuals we observed a consistent decrease in taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic diversity as elevation increased,although the decrease was less pronounced for higher Hill *** exception was a slight increase in phylogenetic diversity when dominant species were *** decrease in taxonomic and functional diversity might be attributed to an environmental filtering process towards highlands,where the increasingly harsher conditions exclude species and functional ***,the differences in steepness decrease between Hill orders suggest that rare species disproportionately contribute to functional *** phylogenetic diversity the shifting elevational trend between Hill orders indicates a greater than previously considered influence in central Andean highlands of tropical lowlands originated species with strong niche conservatism relative to distantly related temperate *** could be explained by a decreasing presence and abundance of temperate,extratropical taxa towards the central Andes relative to northern or southern Andes,where they are more prevalent.

关键词： Altitudinal gradients Andes Environmentalﬁltering Out of the tropical Lowlands Functional rarity tropical niche Conservatism

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Leaching behavior and microstructure of phosphorus in converter slag

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第7期31卷 1646-1660页

作者： Chao-gang Zhou Jin-yue Li Qing-gong Chen Yin-ye Yang Wei Gong Li-qun Ai Shu-huan Wang Bei-yue ma College of Metallurgy and Energy North China University of Science and TechnologyTangshan 063210HebeiChina Key Laboratory for Ferrous Metallurgy and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina College of materials Science and Engineering Guizhou Minzu UniversityGuiyang 550025GuizhouChina School of materials and Architectural Engineering Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550025GuizhouChina School of Metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819LiaoningChina

Converter slag is a by-product of the steelmaking process and contains a large amount of ca,Fe,P and other *** the phosphorus in the converter slag can be effectively extracted,the resulting phosphorus can be used as a phosphate *** in converter slag is mainly enriched in 2caO·SiO_(2)-3caO·P_(2)O_(5)(C_(2)S-C_(3)P)solid solution and is easily dissolved in ***,acid leaching method was used to dissolve the solid solution to extract phosphorus in converter slag,so as to realize the recycling of phosphorus resources in converter *** leaching behavior of three actual converter slags from different steel mills in acid leaching solutions composed of citric acid,sodium hydroxide,hydrochloric acid and deionized water was studied by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy combined with energy dispersive spectrometry,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy to reveal the change in object image structure as well as SiO_(4) and po_(4) tetrahedron before and after acid *** results show that only a small amount of phosphorus in converter slag with too low basicity is enriched in C_(2)S-C_(3)P solid solution,resulting in poor leaching *** the converter slag has a high basicity,the removal effect of phosphorus is 70.64%-81.88%.In addition,when the basicity of converter slag is roughly the same,the dephosphorization effect of slag with high FeO content is relatively *** acid leaching will cause depolymerization behavior of SiO_(4) and po_(4) tetrahedron,so that the mole fraction of Q0(Si)(asymmetric stretching vibration of Si-O bond in SiO_(4) tetrahedron with bridge oxygen number of 0)and nBO/Si(non-bridging oxygen in silicate tetrahedra)will ***-containing solids can be obtained from the solution after acid leaching through static precipitation,and the solids have the potential to make phosphate fertilizers.

关键词： Dephosphorization converter slag Acid leaching Phosphorus Solid solution Slag structure

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the biosynthetic pathway of the hallucinogen mescaline and its heterologous reconstruction

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Molecular Plant 2024年第7期17卷 1129-1150页

作者： Paula Berman luis Alejandro de Haro Ana-Rita cavaco Sayantan Panda Younghui Dong nikolay Kuzmich Gabriel Lichtenstein Yoav Peleg Hila Harat Adam Jozwiaki Jianghua cai Uwe Heinig Sagit Meir Ilana Rogachev Asaph Aharoni Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot 7610001Israel Life Sciences Core Facilities Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot 7610001Israel the maurice and Vivienne Wohl Institute for Drug Discovery Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot 7610001Israel Present address:Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology Leibniz Institute of Plant BiochemistryWeinberg 306120 Halle(Saale)Germany Department of Molecular&Cellular Pharmacology University of Miami Miler School of MedicineMiamiFL 33136USA Department of Botany and Plant Sciences University of California RiversideRiversideCA 92521USA Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing School of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqing 401331China

Mescaline,among the earliest identified natural hallucinogens,holds great potential in psychotherapy ***,despite the existence of a postulated biosynthetic pathway for more than half a century,the specific enzymes involved in this process are yet to be *** this study,we investigated the cactus Lophophora williamsii(Peyote),the largest known natural producer of the phenethylamine *** employed a multi-faceted approach,combining de novo whole-genome and transcriptome sequencing with comprehensive chemical profiling,enzymatic assays,molecular modeling,and pathway engineering for pathway *** identified four groups of enzymes responsible for the six catalytic steps in the mescaline biosynthetic pathway,and an n-methyltransferase enzyme that n-methylates all phenethylamine intermediates,likely modulating mescaline levels in ***,we reconstructed the mescaline biosynthetic pathway in both nicotiana benthamiana plants and yeast cells,providing novel insights into several challenges hindering complete heterologous mescaline *** together,our study opens up avenues for exploration of sustainable production approaches and responsible utilization of mescaline,safeguarding this valuable natural resource for future generations.

关键词： mescaline Lophophora williamsi Peyote biosynthetic pathway de novo genome sequencing mo-lecular modeling

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Deformation of metallic glasses with special emphasis in supercooled liquid region

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2002年第4期12卷 726-733页

作者： t.G.nieh (Lawrence Livermore national Laboratory, L 350, po Box 808, Livermore, ca 94551, USA) Lawrence Livermore national Laboratory 美国 Livermore CA 94551

Upon deforming a metallic glass at low temperatures, shear tends to localize and this leads to a brittle behavior. However, in the high temperature, and particularly in the supercooled liquid region, homogeneous deformation begins to take place. A bulk amorphous Zr 10Al 5ti 17.9Cu 14.6ni alloy was observed to exhibit the newtonian behavior at low strain rates but becomes non newtonian at high strain rates in the supercooled liquid region. Structures of the amorphous material, both before and after deformation, were examined using X ray diffraction and high resolution electron microscopy. Results showed the presence of nanocrystallites in the deformed samples. thus, the non newtonian behavior is attributable to the concurrent crystallization of the amorphous structure during deformation. A mechanistic model is presented to interpret the observed non newtonian result. A phenomenological approach is also used to develop the deformation map for bulk metallic glasses in the supercooled liquid region.

关键词：非晶合金金属玻璃超塑性过度冷却液体层

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