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Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction Process of Polysaccharides from American ginseng and Evaluation of Its Immunostimulating Activity

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第12期13卷 2807-2815页

作者： YANg Xiu-shi WANg Li-jun DONg Chuan Edmund Man King lui.rEN gui-xing Institute of Environmental Science Shanxi University Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Food and Nutritional Sciences Programme School of Life Science The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry The University of Western Ontario

Ultrasonic-assisted extraction （UAE） of American ginseng polysaccharides （AgP） was investigated using response surface methodology. Three-factor-three-level Box-Behnken design was employed to optimize the ultrasonic power, extraction time and ratio of water to raw material to obtain a high AgP yield. The analysis of variance and response surface plots indicated that ultrasonic power was the most important factor affecting the extraction yield. The optimal conditions were ultrasonic power 400 W, extraction time 71 min, and ratio of water to raw material 33 mL g-1. Under these conditions, the yield of AgP was 8.09%, which was agreed closely to the predicted value. gas chromatography （gC） analysis showed that AgP was composed of arabinose, rhamnose, galactose, glucose, and galacturonic acid. Fourier transform infrared spectra revealed the general characteristic absorption peaks of AgP. In addition, AgP exhibited good immunostimulating activities by up-regulating the production of nitric oxide and cytokines. Compared with hot water extraction, UAE required shorter extraction time and gave a higher extraction yield, without changing the structure and immunostimulating activity of AgP. The results indicated that UAE could be an effective and advisable technique for the large scale production of plant polysaccharides.

关键词： ultrasonic-assisted extraction polysaccharides American ginseng response surface methodology immunostimulating activity

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Depletion of the IKBKAP ortholog in zebrafish leads to hirschsprung disease-like phenotype

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2015年第7期21卷 2040-2046页

作者： William Wai-Chun Cheng Clara Sze-Man Tang Hong-Sheng gui Man-Ting So Vincent Chi-Hang lui.Paul Kwong-Hang Tam Maria-Mercè garcia-Barcelo Department of Surgery Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine the University of Hong Kong Department of Psychiatry Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine the University of Hong Kong Center for genomic Sciences of the Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine the University of Hong Kong Centre for reproduction Development and Growth Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine the University of Hong Kong

AIM:To investigate the role of IKBKAP(inhibitor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells,kinase complexassociated protein)in the development of enteric nervous system(ENS)and Hirschsprung disease(HSCr).METHODS:In this study,we injected a morpholino that blocked the translation of ikbkap protein to 1-cell stage zebrafish *** phenotype in the ENS was analysed by antibody staining of the pan-neuronal marker Hu C/D followed by enteric neuron *** mean numbers of enteric neurons were compared between the morphant and the *** also studied the expressions of ret and phox2bb,which are involved in ENS development,in the ikbkap morpholino injected embryos by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and compared them with the ***:We observed aganglionosis(χ2,Preduced number of enteric neurons(38.8±9.9 vs50.2±17.3,Prafish embryos injected with ikbkap translation-blocking morpholino(morphant)when compared with the control *** of the morpholino was confirmed by similar results obtained using a second non-overlapping morpholino that blocked the translation of *** further studied the morphant by analysing the expression levels of genes involved in ENS development such as ret,phox2bb and sox10,and found that phox2bb,the ortholog of human PHOX2B,was significantly down-regulated(0.51±0.15 vs 1.00±0,Pgh we also observed a reduction in theexpression of ret,the difference was not ***:Loss of IKBKAP contributed to HSCr as demonstrated by functional analysis in zebrafish embryos.

关键词： Hirschsprung disease Enteric nervous system IKBKAP

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rNA INTErFErENCE OF ANNEXIN II gENE IN PC3 CELLS BY USINg SMALL INTErFErENCE rNA SYNTHESIZED WITH IN VITrO TrANSCrIPTION

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Chinese Medical Sciences Journal 2007年第1期22卷 33-37页

作者： Ya-wei Yuan Ai-min Sun Ying lui.Long-hua Chen Banerjee A. g Department of radiotherapy Nanfang Hospital of Nanfang Medical University Guangzhou 510515 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University. of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha NE 68198-7835 USA

Objective To silence annexin Ⅱ gene expression by using small interference rNA （sirNA） in prostate cancer cell line PC3. Methods For in vitro transcription, four sequences of 29-nucleotide DNA template oligonucleotides were designed, and one pair of the sequences were complementary to annexin Ⅱ gene. The other pair was negative control. The 8 nucleotides at the 3＇ end of each oligonucleotide were complementary to the T7 Promoter Primer. The sense and anti-sense sirNA templates were transcribed by T7 rNA polymerase and the resulting rNA transcripts were hybridized to create dsrNA. The sirNA was transfected into prostate cancer cell PC3. For assaying the efficiency of sirNA, confocal microscopy, Northern blotting, and Western blotting were employed to examine the expression of annexin Ⅱ protein and its mrNA. ^3H thymidine was used to measure DNA synthesis. results The sirNA sequence specific to annexin Ⅱ gene was capable of inhibiting the expression of annexin Ⅱ protein and its mrNA. And cellular DNA synthesis was significantly reduced in sirNA transfected cells.Conclusions The protocol for the synthesis of sirNA by T7 rNA polymerase is feasible. Annexin Ⅱ might be involved in DNA synthesis.

关键词： small interference rNA gene silencing annexin Ⅱ prostate cancer cell

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A molecular arms race between host innate antiviral response and emerging human coronaviruses

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Virologica Sinica 2016年第1期31卷 12-23页

作者： Lok-Yin roy Wong Pak-Yin lui.Dong-Yan Jin School of Biomedical Sciences The University of Hong Kong

Coronaviruses have been closely related with mankind for thousands of years. Communityacquired human coronaviruses have long been recognized to cause common cold. However,zoonotic coronaviruses are now becoming more a global concern with the discovery of highly pathogenic severe acute respiratory syndrome(SArS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome(MErS) coronaviruses causing severe respiratory diseases. Infections by these emerging human coronaviruses are characterized by less robust interferon production. Treatment of patients with recombinant interferon regimen promises beneficial outcomes, suggesting that compromised interferon expression might contribute at least partially to the severity of disease. The mechanisms by which coronaviruses evade host innate antiviral response are under intense investigations. This review focuses on the fierce arms race between host innate antiviral immunity and emerging human coronaviruses. Particularly, the host pathogen recognition receptors and the signal transduction pathways to mount an effective antiviral response against SArS and MErS coronavirus infection are discussed. On the other hand, the counter-measures evolved by SArS and MErS coronaviruses to circumvent host defense are also dissected. With a better understanding of the dynamic interaction between host and coronaviruses, it is hoped that insights on the pathogenesis of newly-identified highly pathogenic human coronaviruses and new strategies in antiviral development can be derived.

关键词： MErS-CoV SArS-CoV innate antiviral response type I interferons immune evasion

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Biomimetic mineralized hybrid scaffolds with antimicrobial peptides

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Bioactive Materials 2021年第8期6卷 2250-2260页

作者： Zhou Ye Xiao Zhu Isha Mutreja Sunil Kumar Bod Nicholas g.Fischer Anqi Zhang Christine lui.Yipin Qi Conrado Aparicio The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology&Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhan430079China Minnesota Dental research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics Department of Restorative SciencesSchool of DentistryUniversity of MinnesotaMN55455USA Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics Guanghua School of StomatologyHospital of StomatologyGuangdong Key Laboratory of StomatologySun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510000China

Infection in hard tissue regeneration is a clinically-relevant *** of scaffolds with dual function for promoting bone/dental tissue growth and preventing bacterial infections is a critical need in the *** we fabricated hybrid scaffolds by intrafibrillar-mineralization of collagen using a biomimetic process and subsequently coating the scaffold with an antimicrobial designer peptide with cationic and amphipathic *** highly hydrophilic mineralized collagen scaffolds provided an ideal substrate to form a dense and stable coating of the antimicrobial *** amount of hydroxyapatite in the mineralized fibers modulated the rheological behavior of the scaffolds with no influence on the amount of recruited peptides and the resulting increase in *** developed scaffolds were potent by contact killing of gram-negative Escherichia coli and gram-positive Streptococcus gordonii as well as cytocompatible to human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal *** process of scaffold fabrication is versatile and can be used to control mineral load and/or intrafibrillar-mineralized scaffolds made of other biopolymers.

关键词： Biomimetic mineralization Antimicrobial Cationic and amphipathic peptides Hard tissue cytocompatibility

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Alcohol consumption and metabolic syndrome among Shanghai adults: A randomized multistage stratified cluster sampling investigation

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2008年第15期14卷 2418-2424页

作者： Jian-gao Fan Xiao-Bu Cai lui.Li Xing-Jian Li Fei Dai Jun Zhu Center for Fatty Liver Disease Shanghai First People's Hospital Jiaotong University Shanghai 200080 China Department of Chronic Disease Center for Disease Control and Prevention Shanghai 200036 China Fei D8i Department of Public Health Jiaotong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200025 China Department of Public Health Jiaotong University Schoolof Medicine Shanghai 200025 China

AIM: To examine the relations of alcohol consumption to the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Shanghai adults. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of data from the randomized multistage stratified cluster sampling of Shanghai adults, who were evaluated for alcohol consumption and each component of metabolic syndrome, using the adapted U.S. National Cholesterol Education Program criteria. Current alcohol consumption was defined as more than once of alcohol drinking per month. rESULTS: The study population consisted of 3953 participants (1524 men) with a mean age of 54.3 ± 12.1 years. Among them, 448 subjects (11.3%) were current alcohol drinkers, including 405 males and 43 females. After adjustment for age and sex, the prevalence of current alcohol drinking and metabolic syndrome in the general population of Shanghai was 13.0% and 15.3%, respectively. Compared with nondrinkers, the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia and hypertension was higher while the prevalence of abdominal obesity, low serum high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and diabetes mellitus was lower in subjects who consumed alcohol twice or more per month, with a trend toward reducing the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Among the current alcohol drinkers, systolic blood pressure, HDL-C, fastingplasma glucose, and prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia tended to increase with increased alcohol consumption. However, low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol concentration, prevalence of abdominal obesity, low serum HDL-C and metabolic syndrome showed the tendency to decrease. Moreover, these statistically significant differences were independent of gender and ***: Current alcohol consumption is associated with a lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome irrespe- ctive of alcohol intake (g/d), and has a favorable influence on HDL-C, waist circumference, and possible diabetes mellitus. However, alcohol intake increases the likelihood of hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia and hyperglyce

关键词： Alcohol Metabolic syndrome Obesity Type2 diabetes Epidemiology Chinese

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Fast MrI reconstruction via Edge Attention

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Communications in Computational Physics 2023年第5期33卷 1409-1431页

作者： Hanhui Yang Juncheng Li Lok Ming lui.Shihui Ying Jun Shi Tieyong Zeng The Department of Mathematics The Chinese University of Hong KongNew TerritoriesHong KongChina The School of Communication and Information Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghaiChina The Department of Mathematics School of ScienceShanghai UniversityChina

Fast and accurate MrI reconstruction is a key concern in modern clinical ***,numerous Deep-Learning methods have been proposed for MrI reconstruction,however,they usually fail to reconstruct sharp details from the subsampled k-space *** solve this problem,we propose a lightweight and accurate Edge Attention MrI reconstruction Network(EAMrI)to reconstruct images with edge ***,we design an efficient Edge Prediction Network to directly predict accurate edges from the blurred ***,we propose a novel Edge Attention Module(EAM)to guide the image reconstruction utilizing the extracted edge priors,as inspired by the popular self-attention *** first projects the input image and edges into Q_(image),K_(edge),and V_(image),*** EAM pairs the Q_(image)with K_(edge)along the channel dimension,such that 1)it can search globally for the high-frequency image features that are activated by the edge priors;2)the overall computation burdens are largely reduced compared with the traditional spatial-wise *** the help of EAM,the predicted edge priors can effectively guide the model to reconstruct high-quality Mr images with accurate *** experiments show that our proposed EAMrI outperforms other methods with fewer parameters and can recover more accurate edges.

关键词： Image restoration MrI reconstruction Edge attention

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Effect of interplanetary shock on an ongoing substorm:Simultaneous satellite-ground auroral observations

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2023年第3期66卷 654-662页

作者： LIU JianJun CHEN XiangCai WANg ZhiQiang HU ZeJun ZHAO XingXin HU HongQiao HAN DeSheng lui.A.T.Y Ministry of Natural resources(MNr) Key Laboratory for Polar SciencePolar Research Institute of ChinaShanghai 200136China Antarctic Zhongshan National Field Observation and research Station for Snow and Ice Space Special Environment and DisastersPolar Research Institute of ChinaShanghai 200136China College of Astronautics Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 211106China Institute of Space Physics and Applied Technology Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China State Key Laboratory of Marine geology School of Ocean and Earth ScienceTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Applied Physics Laboratory Johns Hopkins UniversityLaurelMarylandUSA

Substorm processes have been studied in detail,and it is well known that interplanetary(IP)shock encountering the terrestrial magnetosphere causes global ***,how IP shock compression to the magnetosphere affects the development of an ongoing substorm remains ***,the simultaneous satellite and ground-based auroral evolutions associated with an IP shock impact on the magnetopause during an ongoing substorm on May 7th,2005,were *** IMAgE satellite over the Southern Hemisphere captured the global development substorm,which was initiated at 17:38:47 *** poleward branch of the nightside auroral oval was fortuitously monitored by an all-sky camera at the Zhongshan Station(-74.5°magnetic latitude,ZHO)in *** satellite imager observed continuous brightening and broadening of the nightside auroral oval after the IP shock *** simultaneous ground-based optical aurora measurement displayed the intensification and expansion of a preexisting auroral surge poleward of the aurora *** geomagnetic field variations and the instantly increased PC indices indicated an elevated merging rate and enhanced the convection-related DP-2 ***,this IP shock transient impact did not significantly change the ongoing development of the substorm,although it meets the magnetospheric precondition hypothesis.

关键词： interplanetary shock substorm global auroral images all-sky camera Zhongshan Station

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Multi-targeted anti-inflammatory drugs for the treatment of neurological disorders

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Neural regeneration research 2023年第4期18卷 805-806页

作者： Austin lui.Omar Alzayat Timothy Do David Perekopskiy Meghan gann Taiseer Saad Elgokhy Jie gao DaZhi Liu Department of Neurology University of California at DavisSacramentoCAUSA Department of Neuroscience The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA

Inflammation and kinase pathophysiology in neurological disorders:Inflammation is one of the common features of various acute and degenerative neurological disorders,such as stroke,traumatic brain injury(TBI),Alzheimer’s disease(AD),Parkinson’s disease(PD),and *** inflammatory responses are manifested as the synthesis of inflammation mediators,recruitment of leukocytes,and other secondary *** evidence shows that a large number of inflammation mediators(e.g.,thrombin,reactive oxygen species,cytokines,chemokines,and other molecules)are implicated in the pathophysiological processes in neurological disorders(Liu and Ander,2012)(Figure 1).These increased inflammation mediators stimulate their downstream transmembrane receptors(e.g.,protease-activated receptors,cytokine receptors,and others),and further activate the intracellular downstream effector kinases,such as Src family kinase,rho-associated protein kinase,Jun N-terminal kinase,extracellular signal-regulated kinase,cyclin-dependent kinase(CDK),and others(Liu and Ander,2012)(Figure 1).Aside from overlapping in different neurological disorders,numerous inflammatory molecules and multiple kinase-involved signaling pathways can be linked to a single neurological disorder such as AD(Heneka et al.,2015).Because of their pivot roles in the process of inflammation,kinases have been regarded as anti-inflammatory targets to improve outcomes of neurological disorders.

关键词： neurological inflammation inflammatory

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A family study of endophenotypes for psychosis within an early intervention programme in Hong Kong: rationale and preliminary findings

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第32期56卷 3394-3397页

作者： lui.Simon S Y SHAM Pak CHAN raymond C K CHEUNg Eric F C Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory Key Laboratory of Mental Health Institute of Psychology Chinese Academy of Sciences graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Castle Peak Hospital Department of Psychiatry the University of Hong Kong

The study of endophenotypes may be a viable strategy to tackle the genetic complexity and phenotypic heterogeneity of psychosis, but this research direction is relatively under-developed in China as compared to Western countries. We have recently initiated one of the first family studies of endophenotypes for psychosis in China. Patients entering an established early psychosis intervention service are recruited into this research project for phenotyping, endophenotyping and genotyping. At the endophenotypic level, four domains (neurological soft signs, neurocognition of prospective memory, social cognition of facial emotion recognition, and affective cognition of anticipatory and consummatory pleasure) are studied in the sample of patients with psychosis and their unaffected siblings. This article illustrates the benefit of a research-oriented clinical programme and its findings based on the data collected as of early 2011.

关键词：精神病患者稳定家庭早期原理预计香港面部表情识别

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