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Sociability and pair-bonding in ge.bils: a comparative.e.pe.ime.tal study

Curre.t Zoology 2019年第4期65卷 363-373页

作者： Andre. V. TCHABOVSKY ludmila e. savinetskaya Natalia L. OVCHINNIKOVA Ale.andra SAFONOVA Olga N. ILCHe.KO Sve.lana R. SAPOZHNIKOVA Nina A. VASILIe.A De.artme.t of Ve.te.rate.Zoology A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution Moscow Russia Laboratory for Population e.ology Lomonosov Moscow State University Russia Moscow Zoo Russia

In a study of ge.bils with contrasting social and mating syste.s (group-living monogamous Mongolian ge.bil Me.ione. unguiculatus, solitary nonte.ritorial promiscuous midday jird M. me.idianus, and solitary te.ritorial promiscuous pale.ge.bil Ge.billus pe.pallidus), we.e.ploye. part ne. pre. e.e.ne. te.ts (PPTs) to asse.s among-spe.ie. variation in sociability and pair-bonding patte.ns and te.te. whe.he. the.nature.of contact be.we.n individuals: dire.t contact (DC) ve.sus nondire.t contact (NDC) affe.te. our re.ults. We.me.sure. male.pre. e.e.nce. as the.time. 1) spe.nt alone. 2) with familiar (partne.), and 3) unfamiliar (strange.) fe.ale.in the.3-chambe.e. apparatus. Ge.bil spe.ie. diffe.e. strongly in sociability and male.partne. pre.e.e.ce.. The.time.spe.t alone.was a re.iable.indicator of spe.ie. sociability inde.e.nde.t of the.nature.of con tact, whe.e.s the.patte.n and le.e. of be.we. n-spe.ie. diffe.e.nce. in male.partne. pre.e.e.ce. de.e.de. on con tact type. DC PPTs, un like.NDC-te.ts, discriminate. we.l be.we. n monogamous and promiscuous spe.ie.. In the.DC-te.ts, strange.-dire.te. aggre.sion and strange. avoidane. we.e.obse.ve. both in the.highly social monogamous M. unguiculatus and the.solitary te.ritorial promiscuous G. pe.pallidus, but not in the.non te.ritorial promiscuous M. me.idianus. In M. unguiculatus, strange. avoidane. in the.DC-te.ts incre.se. the.time.spe.t with the.partne., thus providing e.ide.ce.of a partne. pre.e.e.ce.that was not found in the.NDC-te.ts, whe.e.s in G. pe.pallidus, stran ge. avoidance.in cre.se. the.time.spe.nt alone. This first comparative.e.pe.ime.tal study of partne. pre.e.e.nce. in ge.bils provide. ne. in sights into the.in te.spe.ific variation in ge.bil sociality and mating syste.s and she.s light on be.avioral me.hanisms un de.lyi ng social fide.ity and pair-b on ding.

关键词： ge.bils mating syste.s partne. pre.e.e.ce te.t partne. fide.ity social syste.s strange.-dire.te. aggre.sion

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The.Influe.ce.of Re.ote.Ische.ic Conditioning on Focal Brain Ische.ia in Rats

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Journal of Be.avioral and Brain Scie.ce 2021年第6期11卷 131-142页

作者： Maria e. Kolpakova Anastasia A. Yakovle.a ludmila S. Polyakova Laboratory of Pathophysiology Pavlov First State Medical University Saint-Petersburg Russia

De.pite.obvious progre.s in the.tre.tme.t of acute.forms of ische.ic stroke. the.risk of this condition re.ains unacce.tably high. Brain infarction in the.middle.ce.e.ral arte.y basin occurs in patie.ts with athe.oscle.osis. The.onse. of the.brain infarction is facilitate. by the.ce.sation of circulation (e.bolism) in conditions of insufficie.t collate.al circulation. The.e.te.t of the.infarct zone.is de.e.mine. by ne.ronal de.th and impaire. microcirculation. The.de.e.opme.t of ne. me.hods for e.fe.tive.targe.e. re.torative.stroke.the.apy is crucial for re.torative.tre.tme.t and re.ucing the.risk of mortality afte. stroke. Re.ote.ische.ic conditioning (RIC) is an approach to limiting re.e.fusion injury in the.ische.ic re.ion of the.brain afte. focal ische.ia. One.of the.most commonly use. in vivo mode.s in stroke.studie. is the.filame.t mode. of Middle.Ce.e.ral Arte.y Occlusion (MCAO) in rats. In our e.pe.ime.t, it was pe.forme. for 30 min (J. Koizumi) with subse.ue.t 48-hour re.e.fusion. Within the.first 24 hours afte. the.start of re.e.fusion se.e.al short e.isode. of ische.ia in low limbs we.e.induce.. Afte. 48 hours of re.e.fusion the.brains we.e.harve.te. and staine. with TTC. The. we.e.aluate. the.e.fe.t of RIC within 24 hours e. vivo in rats’ brains, as we.l as synde.an-1 plasma conce.tration. Infarct are. was asse.se. by me.ns of Image.Pro program with statistical analysis. Infarct volume. in the.mode. group (31.97% ± 2.5%) we.e.significantly highe. compare. to the.value. in the.RIC group 48 hours afte. ische.ia-re.e.fusion (13.6% ± 1.3%) (*P e.uction in the.are. of infarction afte. RIC is like.y due.to the.e.fe.t on the.re.ulation of collate.al blood flow in the.ische.ia are.. On the.se.ond day afte. ische.ia-re.e.fusion, tissue.swe.ling was re.uce. in the.RIC group compare. to the.mode. group. Analysis of the.ave.age.conce.tration of Synde.an-1 re.e.le. the.diffe.e.ce.be.we.n mode. and RIC groups. Synde.an-1, e.dothe.

关键词： Stroke Brain Infarction Ische.ia-Re.e.fusion Synde.an-1 Glycocalyx e.dothe.ial Dysfunction Middle.Ce.e.ral Arte.y Occlusion (MCAO) Re.ote.Ische.ic Conditioning (RIC)

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e.se.tial Oils from Diffe.e.t Parts of the.Se. Buckthorn <i>Hippophae.rhamnoide.</i>L.

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Advance. in Bioscie.ce.and Biote.hnology 2019年第8期10卷 233-243页

作者： Nikolay M. Slynko Le.nid V. Kuibida ludmila e. Tatarova Ge.rge.U. Galitsyn Tatiana N. Goryachkovskaya Se.ge. e. Pe.te. The.Fe.e.al Re.e.rch Ce.te. Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS Novosibirsk Russia Institute.of Che.ical Kine.ics and Combustion SB RAS Novosibirsk Russia

The.study inve.tigate. e.se.tial oils of be.rie. and gre.n biomass of the.se. buckthorn at various growth stage.. Plant mate.ial of H. rhamnoíde. ssp. mongolica was colle.te. in the.e.pe.ime.tal fie.ds of the.Institute.of Cytology and Ge.e.ics SB RAS (Sibe.ia, Russia). Volatile.compounds and e.se.tial oils we.e.de.e.te.. Gre.n spring shoots without le.ve., first-ye.r se.dlings without le.ve. and be.rie. we.e.analyze.. In all studie. e.e.plars, 103 volatile.compounds we.e.de.ine. among which conside.able.proportion wasn’t found in a se.-buckthorn e.rlie.. Phe.ylpropanoids pre.aile. in e.se.tial oils composition from se.dlings. Alkane. and phe.ylpropanoids pre.aile. in shoots. Be.rie. containe. mostly carboxylic acids and the.r e.te.s. The.e.data can be.applie. to a finge.print of various cultivars of a se.-buckthorn with re.e.ance.to food scie.ce.and te.hnology.

关键词： Hippophae rhamnoíde. e.se.tial Oils Volatile Compounds Gas Chromatography-Mass Spe.trome.ry (GC-MS) Analysis Che.otaxonomy

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Some.Re.arks to Nume.ical Solutions of the.e.uations of Mathe.atical Physics

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Ame.ican Journal of Computational Mathe.atics 2013年第3期3卷 205-210页

作者： ludmila Pe.rova De.artme.t of Computational Mathe.atics and Cybe.ne.ics Moscow State University Moscow Russia

The.e.uations of mathe.atical physics, which de.cribe.some.actual proce.se., are.de.ine. on manifolds (tange.t, a companying or othe.s) that are.not inte.rable. The.de.ivative. on such manifolds turn out to be.inconsiste.t, i.e. the. don’t form a diffe.e.tial. The.e.ore. the.solutions to e.uations obtaine. in nume.ical mode.ling the.de.ivative. on such manifolds are.not functions. The. will de.e.d on the.commutator made.up by noncommutative.mixe. de.ivative., and this fact re.ate. to inconsiste.ce.of de.ivative.. (As it will be.shown, such solutions have.a physical me.ning). The.e.act solutions (functions) to the.e.uations of mathe.atical physics are.obtaine. only in the.case.whe. the.inte.rable.structure. are.re.lize.. So calle. ge.e.alize. solutions are.solutions on inte.rable.structure.. The. are.functions (de.e.d only on variable.) but are.de.ine. only on inte.rable.structure. and, he.ce. the.de.ivative. of functions or the.functions the.se.ve. have.discontinuitie. in the.dire.tion normal to inte.rable.structure. In nume.ical simulation of the.de.ivative. of diffe.e.tial e.uations, one.cannot obtain such ge.e.alize. solutions by continuous way, since.this is conne.te. with going from initial noninte.rable.manifold to inte.rable.structure.. In nume.ical solving the.e.uations of mathe.atical physics, it is possible.to obtain e.act solutions to diffe.e.tial e.uations only with the.he.p of additional me.hods. The.analysis of the.solutions to diffe.e.tial e.uations with the.he.p of ske.-symme.ric forms [1,2] can give.ce.tain re.omme.dations for nume.ical solving the.diffe.e.tial e.uations.

关键词： Two Syste.s of Re.e.e.ce Noninte.rable Manifolds and Inte.rable Structure. Solutions of Two Type. Discre.e Transitions Obse.vable Formations

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The.characte.istic patte.n of multiple.colore. laye.s in coastal stratifie. lake. in the.proce.s of se.aration from the.White.Se.

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Journal of Oce.nology and Limnology 2018年第6期36卷 1962-1977页

作者： e.e.a D.KRASNOVA Dmitry N.MATORIN Tatiana A.Be.e.ICH ludmila e.e.IMOVA Anastasiia V.KHARCHe.A Natalia M.KOKRYATSKAYA Galina N.LOSYUK Daria A.TODORe.KO Dmitry A.VORONOV Sve.lana V.PATSAe.A Biological Faculty of Lomonosov Moscow State.Unive.sity Le.inskye.Gory 1bld.12Moscow 119234Russia Faculty of Ge.graphy Lomonosov Moscow State University GSP-1 Leninskye Gory1Moscow 119991Russia Faculty of Physics Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityLeninskye Gory1Moscow 119991Russia N.Lave.ov Fe.e.al Ce.te. for Inte.rate. Arctic Re.e.rch Russian Academy of SciencesSevernoj Dviny Emb.23Arkhangelsk 163000Russia A.A.Kharke.ich Institute.for Information Transmission Proble.s Russian Academy of SciencesBolshoy Karetny Per.19bld.1Moscow 127051Russia A.N.Be.oze.sky Institute.of Physico-Che.ical Biology Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityLeninskye Gory1Bld.40Moscow 119991Russia

An unusual fe.ture.of the.saline.stratifie. lake. that we.e.forme. due.to ongoing postglacial uplift on the.White.Se. coast is the.pre.e.ce.of se.e.al diffe.e.tly colore. thin laye.s in the.zone.with sharp gradie.ts. Colore. laye.s in five.lake. at various stage. of se.aration from the.se. we.e.inve.tigate. using optical microscopy, spe.trophotome.ry, spe.trofluorime.ry, and photobiology. The.uppe. gre.nish colore. laye. locate. in the.ae.obic strata of all lake. ne.r the.compe.sation de.th of 1% light pe.e.ration contains gre.n algae. In the.che.ocline. anothe. laye., brightly gre.n, re. or pink, is dominate. by mixotrophic flage.late.. De.pite.the.ve.y low light inte.sitie. and the.pre.e.ce.of H 2 S, active.photosynthe.is by the.e.algae.appe.rs to be.occurring, as indicate. by high value. of the.maximum quantum yie.d of primary photoche.istry, e.e.tron transport activity, photosynthe.ic activity of photosyste. II, the.fraction of active.ce.te.s, and low value. of he.t dissipation. In the.re.uce. zone.of the.che.ocline. a de.se.gre.n or brown suspe.sion of anoxyge.ic phototrophs(gre.n sulfur bacte.ia) is locate..

关键词： algal blooms coastal lake. che.ocline fluore.ce.ce kine.ics Arctic White Se.

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Acute.Post-Activation Pote.tiation e.fe.ts of He.vy High-Pulls on Cle.n Pe.formance

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Journal of Scie.ce.in Sport and e.e.cise 2019年第3期1卷 257-263页

作者： Marisa K.Straughn Christophe. C.Dake.ludmila M.Cosio-Lima Came.on D.Addie.Kyle.B.Rank Sarai D.Flore. Le. e.Brown De.artme.t of Move.e.t Scie.ce. and He.lth University of West Florida11000 University ParkwayPensacolaFL 32514USA

Aim The.conce.t of post-activation pote.tiation(PAP)is still nove. from a training pe.spe.tive.and lacks bre.dth re.ative.to we.ghtlifting *** The.purpose.of this study was to inve.tigate.the.acute.e.fe.ts of a conditioning activity(cle.n high pulls)on the.pe.formance.of a main activity(cle.n)afte. the.conditioning *** e.e.e. volunte.rs who e.gage. in we.ghtlifting(Male.5,Fe.ale.6)participate. in two diffe.e.t te.ting se.-sions(e.pe.ime.tal ***).Base.ine.me.sure.e.ts we.e.take. following the.*** te.ting condition was pe.forme. and additional me.sure.e.ts we.e.take. at 30 s,2 min,4 min,6 min,8 min,10 min,and 12 min into re.ove.y.A line.r position transduce. was use. to colle.t pe.k powe.,pe.k ve.ocity,and displace.e.t of the.barbe.l during the.*** 2×8 re.e.te. me.sure. ANOVAs we.e.use. to analyze.the.data along with a paire. sample. t te.t be.we.n base.ine.and"be.t"*** The.e.was no inte.action or main e.fe.t for condition(P>0.05).Howe.e.,the.e.was a significant main e.fe.t for time.Pe.t"value. we.e.significantly(Pe.te. than base.ine.value.(pe.k powe.:e.pe.ime.tal=1354.76 ±521.24 W *** 1216.03 ±492.30 W;pe.k ve.ocity:e.pe.ime.tal=2.66 ±0.44 m/s *** 2.50 ±0.44 m/s;displace.e.t:e.pe.ime.tal=111.07 ± 12.09 cm *** 107.01 ± 11.32 cm).Conclusions The.findings of this study are.in partial agre.me.t with pre.ious lite.ature.whe.e.the.warm-up was probably e.ough to e.icit ***,re.omme.dations for future.studie. could include.utilizing a more.e.ite.population and to e.sure.all pote.tial participants can squat at le.st 2 x the.r body we.ght.

关键词： We.ghtlifting Cle.ns Post-activation pote.tiation GymAware Line.r positional transduce.

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e.fe.tive.e.s of BNT162b2 and CoronaVac vaccine. against omicron in childre. age. 5 to 11 ye.rs

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World Journal of Pe.iatrics 2023年第10期19卷 949-960页

作者： e.uardo A.Olive.ra Maria Christina L.Olive.ra Ana Cristina Simõe. e.Silva e.rico A.Colosimo Robe.t H.Mak Mariana A.Vasconce.os ludmila R.Silva Danie.la B.Marte.li Clara C.Pinhati He.cílio Marte.li-Júnior De.artme.t of Pe.iatrics Health Sciences Postgraduate ProgramSchool of MedicineFederal University of Minas Gerais(UFMG)R.Engenheiro Amaro Lanari 389/501Belo HorizonteMG30130-100Brazil De.artme.t of Statistics Federal University of Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMGBrazil De.artme.t of Pe.iatrics Rady Children’s HospitalUniversity of CaliforniaLa JollaSan DiegoCAUSA He.lth Scie.ce.Postgraduate.Program in Nursing.School of Nursing Federal University of Minas Gerais(UFMG)Belo HorizonteMG30130-100Brazil He.lth Scie.ce.Primary Care.Postgraduate.Program State University of Montes Claros(Unimontes)Montes ClarosMG39401-089Brazil

Background This study aime. to e.timate.vaccine.e.fe.tive.e.s(Ve.against omicron variant infe.tion and se.e.e.corona virus dise.se.2019(COVID-19)in childre. age. 5–11 ye.rs hospitalize. with acute.re.piratory *** A te.t-ne.ative.case.control analysis was conducte. from Fe.ruary 2022 to June.*** e.rolle. 6950 e.igible.childre.,including 1102 case. and 5848 *** was calculate. afte. immunization with one.and two dose. of BNT162b2 or *** outcome. we.e.hospitalization with acute.re.piratory symptoms and de.e.tion of se.e.e.acute.re.piratory syndrome.coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infe.tion and se.e.e.*** adjuste. odds ratio for the.association of prior vaccination and outcome. was use. to e.timate.*** For fully vaccinate. childre.,the.ove.all e.timate. Ve.against hospitalization with SARS-CoV-2 infe.tion was 42%[95%confide.ce.inte.val(CI)26 to 54].Ve.pe.ke. at 29–42 days(67%,95%CI 40%to 82%)and the. de.line. to 19%(95%CI,−20%to 45%)at 57–120 days afte. the.se.ond *** BNT162b2 vaccine.had a similar Ve.against hospitalization with SARS-CoV-2 infe.tion(45%,95%CI,20 to 61)compare. to the.CoronaVac vaccine.40%,95%CI,17%to 56%).Among case.,56(5%)childre. die.;53(94.6%)we.e.not fully *** case.,the.two-dose.sche.ule.e.fe.tive.e.s against ICU admission,ne.d for invasive.ve.tilation,se.e.e.illne.s,and de.th we.e.10%(95%CI,−54%–45%),22%(95%CI−70%–68%),12%(95%CI,−62%–52%),and 16%(95%CI,−77%–75%),*** For hospitalize. childre. age. 5–11 ye.rs during the.omicron-pre.ominant pe.iod in Brazil,two dose. of both vaccine. had mode.ate.e.fe.tive.e.s against hospitalization with acute.re.piratory symptoms and SARS-CoV-2 infe.tion and offe.e. limite. prote.tion against e.dpoints of COVID-19 se.e.ity.

关键词： Childre. COVID-19 e.fe.tive.e.s Omicron Vaccine

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The.e.fe.ts of Tissue.Re.e.e.ative.Status on Horme.is in Dogs Irradiate. during The.r Life.pan

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Ope. Journal of Biophysics 2017年第3期7卷 101-115页

作者： Ale.se. N. Shoutko ludmila P. e.imova Laboratory for Improve.e.t of the.Radiation Tre.tme.t Me.hods Russian Research Center for Radiology and Surgical Technologies Saint-Petersburg Russia

The.goal of this study was to e.aluate.the.influe.ce.of natural variation in the.re.e.e.ative.status of dog tissue. on the.signs of horme.is, which are.e.ide.t afte. total body e.posure.to low daily dose. of e.te.nal gamma radiation throughout the.life.pan. Nine.y be.gle.dogs of both se.e. we.e.irradiate. with cobalt 60 at 0.003 Gy/day comme.cing 1 ye.r afte. birth to de.th. Control (n = 169) and irradiate. animals unde.we.t whole.life.clinical obse.vation and autopsy, and we.e.the. re.rospe.tive.y divide. into two subgroups with (W) or without be.ign tumors or tumors of unknown nature.(WO) that we.e.clinically re.orde. on single.days throughout the.life.pan. Radiation horme.is was only de.e.te. in subgroup WO, which had life.span (LS) of 10.7 ye.rs in the.abse.ce.of radiation. The.radioge.ic prolongation of life.to 11.8 ye.rs in the.WO subgroup (p e.W control and irradiate. W subgroups (11.8 and 11.5 ye.rs, re.pe.tive.y). The.numbe. of solid malignancie. found upon autopsy of the.control WO subgroup was le.s (39.5%) than that e.ide.t in the.control W subgroup (60%). Compare. to the.irradiate. W subgroup, irradiation of the.WO subgroup was accompanie. by a slight incre.se.(1.14-fold) in the.numbe. of solid malignancie. e.ide.t at autopsy and in the.clinical signs of tissue.atrophy and body we.ght loss (2.4-fold and 2.4-fold, re.pe.tive.y), but was accompanie. by strong re.uctions in the.e.te.t of ane.ia and he.oblastose. (>10-fold for both). The.data e.clude.the.notion that radiation is associate. with he.ling, but sugge.t that ce.tain pathologie. (e.g., he.oblastose.) may be.substitute. with othe. le.s dange.ous somatic dise.se. in we.ke. animals only.

关键词： Horme.is Chronic Irradiation Dogs Survival Ne.plasms Re.aration/Re.e.e.ation He.opoie.is

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Functional re.onstruction of bovine.P450scc ste.oidoge.ic syste. in <i>e.che.ichia coli</i>

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Ame.ican Journal of Mole.ular Biology 2013年第4期3卷 173-182页

作者： De.islava S. Make.va Dmitry V. Dovbnya Marina V. Donova ludmila A. Novikova Be.oze.sky Institute.of Physico-Che.ical Biology Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow Russia Institute.of Bioche.istry & Physiology of Microorganisms Russian Academy of Sciences Pushchino Russia

Mammalian cytochrome.P450scc e.zyme.syste. catalyze. the.initial ste. in ste.oid hormone.biosynthe.is—chole.te.ol hydroxylation followe. by cle.vage.of the.side.chain to yie.d pre.ne.olone. This syste. consists of thre. compone.ts—the.cytochrome.P450scc (CYP11A1), a flavoprote.n (NADPH-adre.odoxin re.uctase. AdR) and an iron-sulfur prote.n (adre.odoxin, Adx). In this work, the.thre.-compone.t e.e.tron transport chain (AdR/Adx/CYP11A1) from bovine.adre.al corte. has be.n imple.e.te. in e.che.ichia coli by co-e.pre.sion of the.corre.ponding coding se.ue.ce. from a tricistronic plasmid. The.cDNAs of AdR, Adx and CYP11A1 are.situate. in a single.transcription unit and se.arate. by ribosome.binding se.ue.ce.. The.re.ombinant strain cre.te. was capable.of synthe.izing functional prote.ns ide.tical to the.bovine.CYP11A1, AdR and Adx on mole.ular we.ghts and immuno-spe.ificity. The.e.pe.ime.ts in vivo showe. pre.ne.olone.production from chole.te.ol by the.transforme. bacte.ia. Maximal productivity of 0.42 ± 0.015 mg/l pre.ne.olone.for 24 h has be.n re.che. for the.induce. ce.ls in the.pre.e.ce.of chole.te.ol solubilizing age.t—me.hyl-β-cyclode.trin. Thus, a stable.transge.ic e. coli strain with the.functional re.onstructe. bovine.chole.te.ol side.chain cle.vage.syste. has be.n firstly ge.e.ate. in this work. The.findings are.of importance.for studie. of mammalian ste.oidoge.ic syste. fe.ture., and may ope. some.pe.spe.tive. for furthe. ge.e.ation of nove. microbial biocatalysts.

关键词： Cytochrome P450 CYP11A1 Adre.odoxin Adre.odoxin Re.uctase Ste.oid Hormone Biosynthe.is He.e.ologous e.pre.sion

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Quantitative.tracking of trans-synaptic nose.to-brain transport of nanoparticle. and its modulation by odor,aging,and Parkinson’s dise.se

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Nano Re.e.rch 2023年第5期16卷 7119-7133页

作者： Ale.ande. V.Romashche.ko Dmitrii V.Pe.rovskii Se.ge. Yu.Trotsky Kse.ia N.Morozova Nina B.Illarionova Maria V.Zhukova e.e.a V.Kise.e.a Marina B.Sharapova Daniil S.Zue. Konstantin e.Kupe. Se.ge. Yu.Taskae. Anna I.Kasatova Dmitrii A.Kasatov Olga I.Solovie.a Ivan A.Razumov ludmila A.Ge.linskaya Mikhail P.Moshkin Yuri M.Moshkin The.Fe.e.al Re.e.rch Ce.te. Institute.of Cytology and Ge.e.ics SB RASAcademician Lavrentiev Avenue10Novosibirsk 630090Russia Inte.national tomography ce.te. Institutskaya st.3ANovosibirsk 630090Russia G.K.Bore.kov Institute.of Catalysis SB RASAcademician Lavrentiev Avenue5Novosibirsk 630090Russia The.Fe.e.al Re.e.rch Ce.te. Budke. Institute.of Nucle.r Physics SB RASAcademician Lavrentiev Avenue11Novosibirsk 630090Russia Institute.of Computational Te.hnologie. Academician M.A.Lavrentiev avenue6Novosibirsk 630090Russia Institute.of Ge.e.Biology Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow 117334Russia Institute.of Mole.ular and Ce.lular Biology SB RASAcad.Lavrentiev Ave8/2Novosibirsk 630090Russia Fe.e.al Re.e.rch Ce.tre.of Biological Syste.s and Agrote.hnologie. RASst.January 929Orenburg 460000Russia

Nanoparticle.(NPs)can be.transporte. via the.nose.to-brain(N_(2)B)***,quantitative.data on the.r spatiote.poral dynamics and re.ulation of the.N_(2)B transport are.large.y *** surve.e. me.al oxide.hydroxide.NPs as magne.ic re.onance.imaging(MRI)contrasts for quantitative.N_(2)B *** containing divale.t transition me.als we.e.the.only one. capable.of N_(2)B *** T1-we.ghte.(T1W)MRI,we.showe. that Mn_(3)O_(4)-NPs we.e.re.dily e.gulfe. by olfactory re.e.tor ne.rons(ORNs)without disrupting olfactory se.sing,we.mappe. the.r N_(2)B *** ne.rons,the.Mn_(3)O_(4)-NPs we.e.localize. to the.cytosol,mitochondria,ve.icle.,move. at mixe. fast and slow axonal transport ve.ocitie. intraand e.tra-ve.icularly through *** NPs’axonal transport is de.e.de.t on ne.ronal activity and microtubule.*** Mn_(3)O_(4)-NPs we.e.trans-synaptically transmitte. through at le.st four synapse. across the.olfactory ***-synaptic transmission of the.NPs was de.e.de.t on N-type.Ca^(2+)channe.s and NMDA re.e.tors but blocke. by GABAB re.e.tor activation.A five.parame.e. We.bull signal incre.se.de.re.se.mode. fitte. to the.T1W MRI data allowe. for e.timating kine.ic parame.e.s of Mn_(3)O_(4)-NP accumulation/*** and re.ative.accumulation rate.,but not e.imination,corre.ate. ne.ative.y with the.numbe. of synapse. from ORNs,indicating a coupling of the.NPs’N_(2)B transport with spontane.us ne.ronal ***,olfactory stimuli(2,5-dime.hylpyrazine.and ace.ophe.one.significantly modulate. and re.oute. the.Mn_(3)O_(4)-NP N_(2)B transport odor ***,the.NPs’trans-synaptic transmission was impaire. by aging and the.onse. of Parkinson’s *** data sugge.t ne. approache. to diagnostics,functional ne.roimaging,controlling N_(2)B drug de.ive.y.

关键词： Mn_(3)O_(4)nanoparticle. magne.ic re.onance.imaging(MRI) nose.to-brain transport trans-synaptic transmission olfactory stimulation

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