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Hydrogeochemical and multi-tracer investigations of arsenic-affected aquifers in semi-arid West Africa

Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第5期10卷 1685-1699页

作者： Anja Bretzler lucien stolze Julien Nikiema Franck Lalanne Elaheh Ghadiri Matthias S. Brennwald Massimo Rolle Mario Schirmer Eawag Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and TechnologyDübendorfSwitzerland Centre d’Hydrogéologie et de Géothermie (CHYN) Université de NeuchatelSwitzerland Technical University of Denmark (DTU) LyngbyDenmark Université Ouaga I Pr. Joseph KI-ZERBO OuagadougouBurkina Faso Institut International d’Ingénierie de l’Eau et de l’Environnement (2iE) OuagadougouBurkina Faso ETH Zürich Department of Environmental System SciencesZürichSwitzerland

The semi-arid Sahel regions ofWest Africa rely heavily on groundwater from shallow to moderately deep (10 μg/L) stemming from the oxidation of sulphide minerals (pyrite,arsenopyrite) in mineralised *** aquifers are still little investigated,especially concerning groundwater residence times and the influence of the annual monsoon season on groundwater *** gain insights on the temporal aspects of As contamination,we have used isotope tracers (noble gases,3H,stable water isotopes (2H,18O)) and performed hydrochemical analyses on groundwater abstracted from tube wells and dug wells in a small study area in southwestern Burkina *** revealed a great variability in groundwater properties (*** conditions,As concentrations,water level,residence time) over spatial scales of only a few hundred metres,characteristic of the highly heterogeneous fractured *** As levels are found in oxic groundwater of circum-neutral pH and show little relation with any of the measured *** concentrations are relatively stable over the course of the year,with little effect seen by the *** residence time does not seem to have an influence on As concentrations,as elevated As can be found both in groundwater with short (10^3 a) residence times as indicated by 3He/4He ratios spanning three orders of *** results support the hypothesis that the proximity to mineralised zones is the most crucial factor controlling As concentrations in the observed redox/pH *** existence of very old water portions with residence times >10^3 years already at depths of <50 m *** a new finding for the shallow fractured bedrock aquifers of Burkina Faso,suggesting that overexploitation of these relatively low-yielding aquifers may be an issue in the

关键词： Arsenic Groundwater chemistry West Africa Fractured aquifers Residence time Noble gases

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