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Biochar surface functional groups as affected by biomass feedstock, biochar composition and pyrolysis temperature

Carbon Resources Conversion 2021年第1期4卷 36-46页

作者： Rainer Janu Verena Mrlik Doris Ribitsch Jakub Hofman Petr Sedlácek lucie bielsk Gerhard Soja AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH Konrad Lorenz-Str.243430 TullnAustria University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Institute of Environmental BiotechnologyKonrad Lorenz-Str.203430 TullnAustria Masaryk University Faculty of ScienceRECETOXKamenice 753/562500 BrnoCzech Republic Brno University of Technology Materials Research CentrePurkyňova 464/11861200 BrnoCzech Republic University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Institute for Chemical and Energy EngineeringMuthgasse 1071190 WienAustria

By testing 92 different biochars,this study had the objective to determine the relations between simple physico-chemical characteristics of biochar(elemental composition,ash fraction,specific surface area,process parameters)and infrared sorption characteristics revealing the presence of specific functional *** results of Diffusive Reflection Fourier Transformation Infrared Spectroscopy were statistically analyzed with multiple linear regression techniques and Principal Component Analysis(PCA)with the biochar characterization parameters as model *** dominant parameters affecting the functional group signals were the pyrolysis temperature,the H/C-ratio and specific surface area of the biochar and the ash *** models were able to explain 60-90%of data variance for specific peaks in the *** application of PCA could further reduce the input parameters to three main factors explaining 70.8%of total data *** of the first two main factors showed the similarity of infrared spectra of biochars produced at 300 and 450℃,whereas a pyrolysis temperature of 600℃ lead to a partial and a 750℃ to a nearly complete loss of biochar surface functional groups.

关键词： FTIR DRIFTS Spectroscopy Characterization Carbonization

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Adsorption of Naphthol Green B on unburned carbon：2-and3-parameter linear and non-linear equilibrium modelling

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2017年第1期25卷 37-44页

作者： lucie Bartoňová lucie Ruppenthalová Michal Ritz VSB-Technical University of Ostrava Faculty of Metallurgy and Material Engineering Department of Chemistry Tr. 17. listopadu 15 708 33 Ostrava Poruba Czech Republic VSB-Technical University of Ostrava Sustainable Development of Centre ENET Tr. 17. listopadu 15 708 33 Ostrava Poruba Czech Republic VSR-Technical University of Ostrava Regional Materials Science and Technology Centre Tr. 17. listopadu 15 708 33 Ostrava Poruba. Czech Republic Institute of Geonics of the CAS Studentskd 1768 708 000strava Poruba Czech Republic

The study deals with adsorption of Naphthol Green B on two unburned carbons and the parent coal,from which the UCs have been created in a fluidised-bed power *** attention has been paid to the adsorption equilibrium modelling:experimental data has been analysed using 2-parameter(Langmuir,Freundlich) and3-parameter(Redlich-Peterson) isotherms — both linear and non-linear regressions have been used for the estimation of the isotherm *** the case of both UCs,the Langmuir isotherm model provides the worst fit,whereas 2-parameter Freundlich and 3-parameter Redlich-Peterson models are both good,from which 3-parameter Redlich-Peterson isotherm provides slightly better results(despite the penalty used for the higher number of parameters).In the case of both UCs,the linear regression of Freundlich and Redlich-Peterson models provides good results(comparable with non-linear regressions).Unlike both UCs,the best fit of the experimental data from the adsorption on the coal has been achieved by the Langmuir isotherm *** results based on the Freundlich or Redlich-Peterson model were(in this case) somewhat worse.

关键词： Adsorption Unburned carbon Naphthol Green B Isotherms Non-linear modelling Redlich-Peterson model

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Tectonic Phase Separation Applied to the Sudetic Marginal Fault Zone(NE part of the Czech Republic)

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Journal of Mountain Science 2015年第2期12卷 251-267页

作者： NOVAKOVA lucie Department of Seismotectonics Institute of Rock Structure and Mechanics Academy of Sciencesv.v.i.V Holesovickach 41Prague 8Czech Republic

This study emphasizes the advantage of tectonic phase separation in determination of a tectonic evolution of complicated fault zones. The research focused on the Sudetic Marginal Fault Zone(SMFZ) –a 250 km long active fault zone with documented intraplate seismicity situated on the NE margin of the Bohemian Massif(the Czech Republic). The tectonic history of the SMFZ as well as its kinematic development has been rather complicated and not quite understood. A field structural investigation was carried out in extensive surroundings of the fault zone. The fault-slip data were collected in a number of natural outcrops and quarries with the aim at establishing a robust and field-constrained model for local brittle structural evolution of the studied area. A paleostress analysis was calculated using the collected fault-slip data inversion. The T-Tecto software was utilized for semiautomatic separation of the paleostress phases. Simultaneously three methods of data separation were employed:(1) the Gauss inverse method,(2) the Visualization of Gauss object Function, and(3) the frequency analysis. Within the fault zone multiphase movements were observed on various types of faults as well as wide range of the kinematic indicators orientations. The frequency analysis confirmed the multiphase history of the SMFZ. The calculated tectonic phases were divided according to their relative age as constrained by cross cutting relationships and, where observed, multiple striations on a single fault plane and classified from the oldest to the younger. Data separation and inversion usingT-Tecto software with the Gauss inverse method revealed four different stress phases which are 3 strike-slip stress regimes and one compressional regime. The strike-slip regimes are characterized by σ1 trending NW-SE(43), NNE-SSW(18), ENE-WSW(76) and the compressional one by σ1 trending W-E(26). First, compression occurred parallel to the SMFZ supposedly during the Variscan period. Second, compression at

关键词： Sudetic Marginal Fault Zone Paleostress reconstruction Active tectonics Frequency analysis

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Effect of CaO on retention of S, Cl, Br, As, Mn, V, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn,W and Pb in bottom ashes from fluidized-bed coal combustion power station

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第7期26卷 1429-1436页

作者： lucie Bartonova Zdenek Klika Energy Units for Utilization of Non-Traditional Energy Sources Centre V?B-Technical University of Ostrava 708 33 Ostrava-Poruba Czech Republic Regional Material and Technology Research Centre VSB-Technical University of Ostrava 708 33 Ostrava-Poruba Czech Republic

This work was conducted to evaluate whether Ca-bearing additives used during coal combustion can also help with the retention of some other elements. This work was focused on the evaluation of bottom ashes collected during four full-scale combustion tests at an operating thermal fluidized-bed power station. Bottom ashes were preferred to fly ashes for the study to avoid interference from condensation processes usually occurring in the post-combustion zone. This work focused on the behaviors of S, Cl, Br, As, Mn, V, Cr, Ni, Cu,Zn, W, and Pb. Strong positive correlations with CaO content in bottom ashes were observed（for all four combustion tests） for S, As, Cl and Br（R = 0.917-0.999）. Strong inverse proportionality was calculated between the contents of Pb, Zn, Ni, Cr and Mn and CaO, so these elements showed association to materials other than Ca-bearing compounds（e.g., to aluminosilicates, organic matter, etc.）. Somewhat unclear behaviors were observed for W, Cu, and V. Their correlation coefficients were evaluated as statistically ＂not significant＂, i.e., these elements were not thought to be significantly associated with CaO. It was also discovered that major enrichment of CaO in the finest bottom ash fractions could be advantageously used for simple separation of elements strongly associated with these fractions, mainly S and As, but also Cl or Br. Removal of5% of the finest ash particles brings about a decrease in As concentration down to 77%-80% of its original bulk ash content, which can be conveniently used e.g., when high As content complicates further ash utilization.

关键词： Coal combustion Arsenic Chlorine Bromine CaO Retention Fluidized-bed Trace elements

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Effect of unburned carbon content in fly ash on the retention of 12 elements out of coal-combustion flue gas

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第9期24卷 1624-1629页

作者： lucie Bartonov Bohumír ech lucie Ruppenthalov Vendula Majvelderov Dagmar Juchelkov Zdeněk Klika Faculty of Metallurgy and Material Engineering VSB-Technical University of OstravaTr.17.listopadu 15708 33 Ostrava-PorubaCzech Republic

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether unburned carbon particles present in fly ash can help in the retention of S, Cl, Br, As, Se, Cu, Ni, Zn, Ga, Ge, Rb, and Pb out of flue gas during the coal combustion at fluidised-bed power station where the coal was combusted along with limestone. The competitive influence of 10%-25% CaO in fly ashes on the distribution of studied elements was studied as well to be clear which factor governs behaviour of studied elements. Except of S （with significant association with CaO） and Rb and Pb （with major affinity to A1203） the statistically significant and positive correlation coefficients were calculated for the relations between unburned carbon content and Br （0.959）, Cl （0.957）, Cu （0.916）, Se （0.898）, Ni （0.866）, As （0.861）, Zn （0.742）, Ge （0.717）, and Ga （0.588） content. The results suggest that the unburned carbon is promising material in terms of flue gas cleaning even if contained in highly calcareous fly ashes.

关键词： unburned carbon coal combustion fluidised bed trace elements emissions retention

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PTEN in liver diseases and cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第37期16卷 4627-4633页

作者： Marion Peyrou lucie Bourgoin Michelangelo Foti Department of Cellular Physiology and Metabolism Geneva Medical Faculty Centre Médical Universitaire

The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)/Akt axis is a key signal transduction node that regulates crucial cellular functions, including insulin and other growth factors signaling, lipid and glucose metabolism, as well as cell survival and apoptosis. In this pathway, PTEN acts as a phosphoinositide phosphatase, which terminates PI3Kpropagated signaling by dephosphorylating PtdIns(3,4)P2 and PtdIns(3,4,5)P3. However, the role of PTEN does not appear to be restricted only to PI3K signaling antagonism, and new functions have been recently discovered for this protein. In addition to the well-established role of PTEN as a tumor suppressor, increasing evidence now suggests that a dysregulated PTEN expression and/or activity is also linked to the development of several hepatic pathologies. Dysregulated PTEN expression/activity is observed with obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes, hepatitis B virus/hepatitis C virus infections, and abusive alcohol consumption, whereas mutations/deletions have also been associated with the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma. Thus, it appears that alterations of PTEN expression and activity in hepatocytes are common and recurrent molecular events associated with liver disorders of various etiologies. These recent f indings suggest that PTEN might represent a potential common therapeutic target for a number of liver pathologies.

关键词： Phosphatase and tensin homolog Obesity Insulin resistance Non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases Steatosis Steatohepatitis Fibrosis Hepatocellular carcinoma Viral hepatitis Alcohol

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Geographic variability in the alarm calls of the European ground squirrel

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Current Zoology 2020年第4期66卷 407-415页

作者： Irena SCHNEiDEROA lucie Stefanska Lukas Kratochvil Prague Zoological Garden U Trojskeho zamku 3/120Praha 117100Czech Republic Department of Animal Science and Food ProcGssing Faculty of Tropical AgriSciencesCzech University of Life SciencesKamycka 12916500Praha 6-SuchdolCzech Republic Nature Conservation Agency of the Czech Republic Kaplanova 1931/1Praha 1114800Czech Republic Department of Ecology Faculty of ScienceCharles University in PragueVinicna 112800Praha 2Czech Republic

Geographic variability in vocalizations has been documented in many mammalian species. We examined to what extent it applies to the alarm calls of the European ground squirrel Spermophilus citellus. We recorded the calls of 82 adult individuals from 5 natural colonies in the Czech Republic and 24 adult individuals from an artificial seminatural colony located in a Czech zoo. The founders of this colony originated from 4 different natural colonies in the Czech Republic. Our results showed that there are hardly any differences in the acoustic structure of the alarm calls between male and female European ground squirrels. Discriminant function analysis showed the highest degree of discriminability for the most isolated sites (54-74% of individuals classified correctly), whereas the lowest degree of discriminability was found for 2 interconnected colonies (38-40% individuals classified correctly). Individuals from the artificial seminatural colony were often classified correctly to this colony (58% classified correctly);however, the precision of the classification was comparatively relatively low, that is, many individuals from other colonies were incorrectly classified into this seminatural colony. This likely corresponds to the different origins of its founders. These findings indicate that there is a rather substantial geographic variability in the alarm calls of the European ground squirrel, and our study highlights its possible impact on conservation measures such as establishing artificial colonies or reintroductions.

关键词： artificial population intraspecies variability mammalian vocalization Rodentia Spermophilus citellus

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Simple phenols in tropical woods determined by UHPLC-PDA and their antioxidant capacities: an experimental design for Randall extraction using environmentally friendly solvents

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第3期31卷 819-826页

作者： Marie Bartakova Eva Dvorackova lucie Chromcova Petr Hrdlicka Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Mendel University in BrnoZemedelska 161300 BrnoCzech Republic

A comprehensive experimental design was developed to determine suitable conditions(volume, percentage of solvent, extraction temperature) for the ethanol extraction of phenolic compounds from ten tropical woody plants. Wenge, angelim vermelho, zebrano, merbau,tigerwood, angelim pedra, jatoba, angelim amargoso,massaranduba, and doussie woods were used in experiments. The effects of three independent variables and their interactions on the yields of cinnamic and benzoic acid derivates were analyzed using UHPLC-PDA. The most significant parameters were found to be solvent percentage,extraction volume, and extraction temperature. Optimal conditions for the extraction of phenolic compound contents were an 80℃ extraction temperature, a 30 mL extraction volume, and the use of pure water as the extraction solvent. The tested species of woods contained mainly cinnamic acid derivates. Water extracts after hydrolysis contained greater amounts of cinnamic acid derivates than those extracts from non-hydrolyzed *** total phenolics content was highest in water extracts of tigerwood, wenge and merbau;however, the extract of merbau wood was a stronger radical scavenger in ABTS?áassays: 34.11 ± 0.02 mM Trolox equivalents per g of dry extract. The main compounds possessing antioxidant activity in the extracts of vermelho wood assessed by UHPLC analysis were hydroxycinnamic acids.

关键词： Phenolic compounds Tropical woods Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography Antioxidant capacity

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Electrochemical reactivity of In-Pb solid solution as a negative electrode for rechargeable Mg-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第4期30卷 124-128页

作者： lucie Blondeau Suzy Surble Eddy Foy Hicham Khodja Magali Gauthier UniversitéParis-Saclay CEACNRSNIMBELEEL91191Gif-sur-YvetteFrance UniversitéParis-Saclay CEACNRSNIMBELAPA-IRAMAT91191Gif-sur-YvetteFrance

A composite In-Pb:carbon was successfully synthetized by a two-step mechanochemical synthesis in order to obtain an adequate particles size and structure to investigate the electrochemical reactivity of the In-Pb solid solution towards Mg.A potential synergetic coupling of electroactive elements In and Pb was examined using electrochemical and ex situ X-ray diffraction *** potential profile of the solid solution indicates the formation of Mg_(2)Pb and Mg ***,the diffraction study suggests a peculiar electrochemically-driven amorphization of Mg In during the magnesiation,in strong contrast to Mg In crystallization in In-based and In Bi-based electrodes reported in the *** In and Pb favors the amorphization of Mg In and a high first magnesiation capacity of about 550 m Ah g^(-1),but is thereafter detrimental to the material’s *** results emphasize the possible influence of electrochemically-driven amorphization and crystallization processes on electrochemical performance of battery materials.

关键词： Magnesium battery Negative electrode Alloy Amorphization

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Local transgene expression and whole-body transgenesis to model brain diseases in nonhuman primate

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2019年第1期2卷 9-17页

作者： lucie Chansel-Debordeaux Erwan Bezard Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives University of Bordeaux CNRS Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives CHU Bordeaux Service de Biologie de la reproduction-CECOS

Animal model is an essential tool in the life sciences research, notably in understanding the pathogenesis of the diseases and for further therapeutic intervention success. Rodents have been the most frequently used animals to model human disease since the establishment of gene manipulation technique. However, they remain inadequate to fully mimic the pathophysiology of human brain disease, partially due to huge differences between rodents and humans in terms of anatomy, brain function, and social behaviors. Nonhuman primates are more suitable in translational perspective. Thus, genetically modified animals have been generated to investigate neurologic and psychiatric disorders. The classical transgenesis technique is not efficient in that model; so, viral vector-mediated transgene delivery and the new genome-editing technologies have been promoted. In this review, we summarize some of the technical progress in the generation of an ad hoc animal model of brain diseases by gene delivery and real transgenic nonhuman primate.

关键词： animal models neuroscience nonhuman primates

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