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Determining the effective elastic thickness through cross-correlation between isostatic disturbances

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2024年第3期15卷 241-251页

作者： Nelson Ribeiro-filho Cristiano Mendel Martins Raissa Moraes Baldez Ivaldevingles Rodrigues de souza Júnior Franck Eitel Kemgang Ghomsi Instituto Federal do Pará(IFPA) AltamiraParáBrazil Universidade Federal do Pará(UFPA) BelemParáBrazil Nansen-Tutu Center for Marine Environmental Research Department of OceanographyUniversity of Cape TownSouth Africa Geodesy Research Laboratory National Institute of CartographyYaoundeCameroon

The elastic thickness parameter was estimated using the mobile correlation technique between the observed isostatic disturbance and the gravity disturbance calculated through direct gravimetric modeling. We computed the vertical flexure value of the crust for a specific elastic thickness using a given topographic dataset. The gravity disturbance due to the topography was determined after the calculation. A grid of values for the elastic thickness parameter was generated. Then, a moving correlation was performed between the observed gravity data(representing actual surface data) and the calculated data from the forward modeling. The optimum elastic thickness of the particular point corresponded to the highest correlation coefficient. The methodology was tested on synthetic data and showed that the synthetic depth closely matched the original depth, including the elastic thickness value. To validate the results, the described procedure was applied to a real dataset from the Barreirinhas Basin, situated in the northeastern region of Brazil. The results show that the obtained crustal depth is highly correlated with the depth from known models. Additionally, we noted that the elastic thickness behaves as expected, decreasing from the continent towards the ocean. Based on the results, this method has the potential to be employed as a direct estimate of crustal depth and elastic thickness for any region.

关键词： Isostasy Elastic thickness Isostatic disturbance Moho depth Cross-correlation

Influence of Omega 3 Fatty Acid Supplementation on Phase Angle Values of People Living with HIV/AIDS with Lipodystrophy Secondary to Antiretroviral Therapy: A Randomized Clinical Trial

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第1期15卷 58-70页

作者： Thalita Bandeira Dantas Alline Peralta Castro Fernando de souza Flexa Ribeiro filho Rosana Maria Feio Libonati Núcleo de Medicina Tropical do Pará Programa de Pós gradua&ccedil&atildeo em Patologia das Doen&ccedilas Tropicais Universidade Federal do Pará Pará Brasil Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde Faculdade de Medicina Universidade Federal do Pará Pará Brasil Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde Universidade Estadual do Pará Pará Brasil

Objective: The measurement of phase angles is an important monitoring parameter and supplementation with omega-3 could promote benefits by modulating the electrical potential of membranes and increasing body cell mass. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on the phase angle of people living with HIV/AIDS. Methods: In this study, 63 individuals of all genders who were undergoing outpatient follow-up and showed lipodystrophy due to highly active antiretroviral therapy were analyzed. Our sample consisted of two groups, one that received supplementation containing 2550 mg of omega-3/day (1080 mg of eicosapentaenoic acid and 720 mg of docosahexaenoic acid) for three months (n = 32) and another that underwent nutrition guidance (n = 31). Phase angle and body cell mass were assessed for both groups and compared at the beginning of research (T0) and after our intervention (T1) for each group separately. Results: Phase angle averaged 6.45° ± 1.06 SD. The comparison between T0 and T1 showed a significant increase in phase angle and body cell mass, whereas the guidance group showed a decrease in body cell mass at T1 in relation to T0, with a significant p-value. Variance in phase angle between moments showed significant values between T0 and T1 in the supplementation group for all genders. Conclusion: Omega-3 positively modulated patients phase angle and body cell mass, but we emphasize the need for other studies that can solidify knowledge about supplementation dosage and intervention time.

关键词： HIV Lipodystrophy Omega-3 Phase Angle

Crop residues: applications of lignocellulosic biomass in the context of a biorefinery

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Frontiers in Energy 2022年第2期16卷 224-245页

作者： Maria Carolina ANDRADE Caio de Oliveira GORGULHO SILVA Leonora Rios de souza MOREIRA Edivaldo Ximenes FERREIRA filho Laboratory of Enzymology Department of Cellular BiologyUniversity of BrasiliaBrasiliaDFBrazil

Interest in lignocellulosic biomass conversion technologies has increased recently because of their potential to reduce the dependency on non-renewable feedstocks. Residues from a variety of crops are the major source of lignocellulose, which is being produced in increasingly large quantities worldwide. The commercial exploitation of crop residues as feedstocks for biorefineries which could be used to produce a variety of goods such as biofuels, biochemicals, bioplastics, and enzymes is an attractive approach not only for adding value to residues but also for providing renewable products required by the expanding bioeconomy market. Moreover, the implementation of biorefineries in different regions has the potential to add value to the specific crop residues produced in the region. In this review, several aspects of crop residue application in biorefineries are discussed, including the role of crop residues in the bioeconomy and circular economy concepts, the main technical aspects of crop residue conversion in biorefineries, the main crop residues generated in different regions of the world and their availability, the potential value-added bioproducts that can be extracted or produced from each crop residue, and the major advantages and challenges associated with crop residue utilization in biorefineries. Despite their potential, most biomass refining technologies are not sufficiently advanced or financially viable. Several technical obstacles, especially with regard to crop residue collection, handling, and pre-treatment, prevent the implementation of biorefineries on a commercial scale. Further research is needed to resolve these scale-up-related challenges. Increased governmental incentives and bioeconomic strategies are expected to boost the biorefinery market and the cost competitiveness of biorefinery products.

关键词： crop residue biorefinery bioproduct biomass circular bioeconomy enzyme

Hydrogen-based direct reduction of iron oxide at 700℃:Heterogeneity at pellet and microstructure scales

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2022年第10期29卷 1901-1907页

作者： Yan Ma Isnaldi R.souza filho Xue Zhang Supriya Nandy Pere Barriobero-Vila Guillermo Requena Dirk Vogel Michael Rohwerder Dirk Ponge Hauke Springer Dierk Raabe Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung Max-Planck-Straße 140237 DüsseldorfGermany Corrosion Center Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Institute of Materials Research German Aerospace Center(DLR)Linder Höhe51147 CologneGermany Lehr-und Forschungsgebiet Metallische Strukturen und Werkstoffsysteme für die Luft-und Raumfahrt RWTH Aachen University52062 AachenGermany Institut für Bildsame Formgebung RWTH Aachen UniversityIntzestraße 1052072 AachenGermany

Steel production causes a third of all industrial CO_(2) emissions due to the use of carbon-based substances as reductants for iron ores,making it a key driver of global ***,research efforts aim to replace these reductants with sustainably produced ***-based direct reduction(HyDR)is an attractive processing technology,given that direct reduction(DR)furnaces are routinely operated in the steel industry but with CH_(4) or CO as *** diffuses considerably faster through shaft-furnace pellet agglomerates than carbon-based ***,the net reduction kinetics in HyDR remains extremely sluggish for high-quantity steel production,and the hydrogen consumption exceeds the stoichiometrically required amount ***,the present study focused on the improved understanding of the influence of spatial gradients,morphology,and internal microstructures of ore pellets on reduction efficiency and metallization during *** this purpose,commercial DR pellets were investigated using synchrotron high-energy X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy in conjunction with electron backscatter diffraction and chemical *** the interplay of different phases with internal interfaces,free surfaces,and associated nucleation and growth mechanisms provides a basis for developing tailored ore pellets that are highly suited for a fast and efficient HyDR.

关键词： hydrogen-based direct reduction iron oxide microstructure spatial gradient metallization

Unwrapping reworked crust at the Columbia supercontinent margin within central southern Amazon Craton using multi-source geophysics and geochronology data synergy

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第3期13卷 35-52页

作者： João G.Motta P.G.Betts V.T.Meira V.G.Trevisan C.R.de souza filho Institute of Geosciences University of CampinasCampinasSão PauloBrazil Camborne School of Mines University of ExeterPenryn CampusPenrynCornwallUnited Kingdom School of Earth Atmosphere and EnvironmentMonash University(Clayton Campus)ClaytonVICAustralia Anglo American Níquel Brasil Ltda. Avenida Interlândia502 QD 87LST 68 e 10GoiâniaGoiásBrazil

The geometry and evolution of pre-existing basement in accretionary belts bordering supercontinents are often *** interpretation of long-wavelength potential field satellite data can image deep crust structure,improving our understanding of lithospheric processes that formed these margins ***,we present a multidisciplinary interpretation of the lithospheric architecture of the central southern Amazon Craton,a fragment of an accretionary belt at the southwestern Columbia supercontinent ***-borne gravity and magnetic data,airborne magnetic data,passive seismic(V_(p)/V_(s) ratio,crustal thickness)and seismic tomography data reveals that basement terranes from the interior of the craton extend into the accretionary margin of *** demonstrate a vertically heterogeneous structure with an underlying strongly reworked pre-Columbia tectonic wedge that sustained prolonged modification during the supercontinent assembly as corroborated by Nd isotope and geochronology *** isotope data suggest that the protracted orogenic wedge was influenced by subduction angle shifts over time,including addition of substantial juvenile material during slab retreat *** interplay promoted Craton growth at the supercontinent margin while keeping a subtle record of the pre-existing *** findings point to the possible misrepresentation of basement extension and geometry of supercontinent margins elsewhere.

关键词： Satellite gravity Satellite magnetics Columbia Accretionary belt Amazon Craton Geochronology

Dendrochronology and climatic signals in the wood of Nectandra oppositifolia from a dense rain forest in southern Brazil

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第2期30卷 545-553页

作者： Daniela Granato-souza Eduardo Adenesky-filho Karin Esemann-Quadros Postgraduate Program in Forestry Regional University of Blumenau-FURB Department of Biological Sciences University of Joinville Region-UNIVILLE

Nectandra is one of the most representative genera of Lauraceae in the subtropical Atlantic Forest of Brazil. The objective of this work was to study the dendrochronological potential of Nectandra oppositifolia Nees and Mart. from two sites in Santa Catarina State in southern Brazil. A tree-ring chronology of 34 trees was developed. The time span ranged from 1843 to 2013. The oldest and youngest trees were 171 and 47 years-old and the average length of the series was 103 years. Average diameter and annual increment were 20.64 cm and0.74 mm a-1; diameter and age were unrelated. The species has good dendrochronological potential with an intercorrelation of 0.61 between sites, indicating the existence of a synchronous pattern in the development of the trees. The climate response of the species could be seen by negative tree growth effects for previous hot and current rainy growth seasons.

关键词： Climate response Dendroclimatology Atlantic forest Growth rings Lauraceae

Germination strategies of annual and short-lived perennial species in the Arabian Desert

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Journal of Arid Land 2020年第6期12卷 1071-1082页

作者： Arvind BHATT David J GALLACHER Paulo R M souza-filho Lushan Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of SciencesJiujiang 332900China School of Life and Environmental Sciences The University of SydneyNarrabri NSW 2390Australia Multidisciplinary Center of Barra Federal University of Western BahiaBarra 47100-000Brazil

Germination timing is highly regulated in short-lived plant species since it strongly influences recruitment success of *** deserts,the spatiotemporal distribution of plant-available water is highly episodic and unpredictable,making winter months more favorable for seed germination when other abiotic conditions *** hypothesized that changes in photoperiod and thermoperiod would impact germination more in seeds that had undergone in situ *** assessed 21 annual and short-lived perennial species in the Arabian Desert to find(1)if seeds were dormant at maturity,(2)if in situ seed storage increased germination percentage compared with no storage,(3)if photoperiod and thermoperiod germination requirements were influenced by in situ storage,and(4)if a phylogenetic association in seed germination could be *** of each species collected in early 2017 were divided into two *** was tested for germination within one week(fresh seeds).The other was stored in situ at the maternal location(stored seeds)until October 2017 and tested for seed germination in the first week of *** germination was conducted in incubators at two thermoperiods(15℃/20℃ and 20℃/30℃;12 h/12 h),and two photoperiods(12 and 0 h light per day).Results indicated that seed germination percentages of 13 species were significantly enhanced by in situ storage.A thermoperiod response was exhibited by stored,but not fresh *** exposure increased germination of fresh seeds but had only a minimal effect on stored *** traits exhibited no phylogenetic *** result indicated that selection pressure for germination strategy was stronger than that for taxonomic traits of these desert species.

关键词： desert species dormancy germination light temperature phylogeny

Authigenic titanite in weathered basalts: Implications for paleoatmospheric reconstructions

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Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第6期11卷 2183-2196页

作者： Alexey A.Novoselov Dailto Silva Carlos Roberto de souza filho Institute of Applied Economic Geology Universidad de ConcepcionConcepcionChile Institute of Geosciences University of CampinasCampinasSPBrazil

The stability of titanite is sensitive to temperature and partial pressure of *** finding of authigenic titanite grains in weathering regolith formed on Parana basalts,Brazil,under tropical climatic conditions,reveals the thermodynamically-driven conversion from calcite to titanite at elevated ambient *** unusual nowadays,this phase transition provides important implications for the understanding of silicate weathering in earlier geological *** types of secondary titanites were identified in the weathering profile of the study *** tiny grains of 10 μm are forming in the microscopic voids in the ***,large fractures filled with Fe-rich clay minerals contain bigger specimens of up to 170μ*** titanites of second type often coexist with chalcedony and *** carbonate minerals were found in the weathering *** sphene can be discriminated from other titanite types by its strong positive Eu anomaly,increased Al2 O3 content and low content of trace *** specific chemical composition and reactive transport modeling link this secondary mineral with dissolution of *** titanite precipitation is controlled by slow diffusion in poorly-aerated,highly-alkaline pore *** subaerial weathering of basaltic rocks provides a significant reservoir for atmospheric ***,the deposition of carbonate minerals is thermodynamically avoided at the stability field of *** demonstrate a complex feedback between CO2 and soil *** rise in pCO2 triggers the precipitation of calcite in the weathering regolith,but the greenhouse effect increasing the temperature can cease carbonate *** titanites were found in several paleosols and at least a part of them can be of weathering origin.

关键词： Titanite Sphene Calcite Paleosols Weathering Paleoclimates

Antioxidant,hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic effect of red wine in wistar rats fed with obesogenic diet

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Food Bioscience 2022年第3期47卷 756-764页

作者： Cornélio Mucaca José Henrique Tavares filho Luciana Lima Arruda André Martins Galvão Maria Bernadete de Sousa Maia Eryka Maria dos Santos Alves Eryvelton de souza Franco Elizabeth do Nascimento Department of Nutrition Center of Health SciencesFederal University of Pernambuco (UFPE)Cidade Universitaria50670-901RecifePEBrazil Rural Technology Department Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE)AD.Manoel de Medeiros Ave.s/nDois Irmãos52171-900RecifePEBrazil Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Center of Biological SciencesFederal University of Pernambuco (UFPE)Cidade Universitaria50670-901RecifePEBrazil

The health benefits resulting from the usual ingestion of red wines have been studied in humans and ***,the evaluation of benefits in antioxidant,hypoglycemic and hypolipemic activity concomitant with the use of an obesogenic diet in adult Wistar rats has been little *** present study investigated the use of red wine derived from Northeast Brazil in adult rats fed with an obesogenic diet on antioxidant activity,glucose tolerance,adipose,glycemic and lipemic *** 45-day old male Wistar rats formed two groups:standard diet and westernized *** changes in body mass and glycemic levels,the animals were subdivided into six subgroups (n = 10 per group) and received water,red wine or hydroalcoholic solution by *** data reveal that the moderate and chronic use of red wine improves the glycemic,lipid and oxidative stress profile,being favorable in preventing the risk of cardiovascular diseases in rats fed with an obesogenic diet.

关键词： Dyslipidemia Obesity Rats Westernized diet Red wine