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Hypothalamic circuits and aging:keeping the circadian clock updated

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 1919-1928页

作者： Rosa vázquez-Lizarraga lucia Mendoza-viveros Carolina Cid-Castro Sareni Ruiz-Montoya Erick Carreño-vázquez Ricardo Orozco-Solis Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica(INMEGEN) México CityMéxico Centro de Investigacíon sobre el Envejecimiento Centro de Investigacíon y de Estudios Avanzados(CIE-CINVESTAV)México CityMéxico Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México UNAMMéxico CityMéxico

Over the past century,age-related diseases,such as cancer,type-2 diabetes,obesity,and mental illness,have shown a significant increase,negatively impacting overall quality of *** on aged animal models have unveiled a progressive discoordination at multiple regulatory levels,including transcriptional,translational,and post-translational processes,resulting from cellular stress and circadian *** circadian clock emerges as a key regulator,sustaining physiological homeostasis and promoting healthy aging through timely molecular coordination of pivotal cellular processes,such as stem-cell function,cellular stress responses,and inter-tissue communication,which become disrupted during *** the crucial role of hypothalamic circuits in regulating organismal physiology,metabolic control,sleep homeostasis,and circadian rhythms,and their dependence on these processes,strategies aimed at enhancing hypothalamic and circadian function,including pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches,offer systemic benefits for healthy *** brain-directed drug administration represents a promising avenue for effectively targeting specific brain regions,like the hypothalamus,while reducing side effects associated with systemic drug delivery,thereby presenting new therapeutic possibilities for diverse age-related conditions.

关键词： aging astrocytes cellular stress responses circadian clock hypothalamus intranasal drug administration metabolic control nutrient sensor SIRT1 sleep homeostasis

Telomere shortening as genetic risk factor of liver cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第2期21卷 379-383页

作者： lucia Carulli Department of Biomedical Metabolic and Neural SciencesUniversity of Modena and Reggio Emilia41126 ModenaItaly

Cirrhosis is the main complication of chronic liver disease, leads to progressive liver function impairment and is the main risk factor for the development of liver cancer. Liver failure at endstage cirrhosis is associated with increased mortality with liver transplantation as the only possible treatment at this stage. The pathogenesis of liver cirrhosis is not completely elucidated. Although the common factors leading to liver injury, such as viral hepatitis, alcohol consume or fatty liver disease can be identified in the majority of patients a small percentage of patients have no apparent risk factors. Moreover given the same risk factors, some patients progress to cirrhosis whereas others have a benign course, the reason remains unclear. In order to developnew diagnostic and therapeutic tools, it is s essential to understand the pathogenesis of cirrhosis. The identification of genetic risk factors associated with cirrhosis is one of the possible approach to achieve these goal. In the past years several studies have supported the role of telomere shortening and cirrhosis. In the recent year several studies on the relation between several single nucleotide polymorphism(SNPs) and cirrhosis have been published; it has been proposed also a cirrhosis risk score based on seven SNPs. Also epidemiological studies on identical twins and in different ethnic groups have been supporting the importance of the role of genetic risk factors. Finally in the very recent years it has been suggested that telomere shortening may represent a genetic risk factor for the development of cirrhosis.

关键词： Liver cirrhosis Genes Single nucleotide polymorphi

Telomere and telomerase in chronic liver disease and hepatocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第20期20卷 6287-6292页

作者： lucia Carulli Claudia Anzivino Department of Biomedical Metabolic and Neural Sciences. University of Modena and Reggio Emilia 41126 Modena Italy

The pathogenesis of liver cirrhosis is not completely *** in the majority of patients,the risk factors may be identified in B and C viral hepatitis,alcohol intake,drugs or fatty liver disease,there is a small percentage of patients with no apparent risk *** addition,the evolution of chronic liver disease is highly heterogeneous from one patient to *** patient with identical risk factors,some rapidly progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)whereas others have a benign ***,a genetic predisposition may contribute to the development of cirrhosis and *** supporting the role of genetic factors as a risk for cirrhosis has been accumulating during the past *** addition to the results from epidemiological studies,polymorphisms studies and data on twins,the concept of telomere shortening as a genetic risk factor for chronic liver disease and HCC has been *** we review the literature on telomerase mutations,telomere shortening and liver disease including hepatocellular carcinoma.

关键词： Chromosomes Telomere Telomerase Liver-cirrhosis Hepatocarcinoma

Staging chronic pancreatitis with exocrine function tests: Are we better?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第38期23卷 6927-6930页

作者： Cosimo Sperti lucia Moletta Department of Surgery Oncology and Gastroenterology 3rd Surgical Clinic University of Padua

Chronic pancreatitis(CP) is an inflammatory disease of the pancreas evolving in progressive fibrotic disruption of the gland with exocrine and endocrine pancreatic insufficiency. Although imaging features of CP are well known, their correlation with exocrine pancreatic function tests are not obvious, particularly in the early stage of the disease. There are many clinical classification of CP, all suggested for better distinguish and manage different forms based on etiological and clinical factors, and severity of the disease. Recently, a new classification of CP has been suggested: the M-ANNHEIM multiple risk factor classification that includes etiology, stage classification and degree of clinical severity. However, more accurate determination of clinical severity of CP requires a correct determination of exocrine function of the pancreas and fecal fat excretion. Recently, Kamath et al demonstrated that the evaluation of exocrine pancreatic function by acid steatocrit and fecal elastase-1(EF-1) was helpful, but EF-1 was able to detect exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in more patients, upgrading some patients in higher stage of disease according to M-ANNHEIM classification. So, EF-1 is a more accurate test to determine exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and to stage chronic pancreatitis in the M-ANNHEIM classification. On the contrary, EF-1 determination shows low sensitivity in detecting exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in early stage of the disease.

关键词： Chronic pancreatitis Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency Fecal elastase-1 Pancreatic function tests Steathorrea

Multimodality treatment of recurrent pancreatic cancer: Mith or reality?

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2015年第12期7卷 375-382页

作者： Cosimo Sperti lucia Moletta Stefano Merigliano Department of Surgery Oncology and Gastroenterology 3rd Surgical ClinicUniversity of Padua

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is the fourth cause of cancerrelated death in the United States. Surgery is the only potentially curative treatment, but most patients present at diagnosis with unresectable or metastatic disease. Moreover, even with an R0 resection, the majority of patients will die of disease recurrence. Most recurrencesoccur in the first 2-year after pancreatic resection, and are commonly located in the abdomen, even if distant metastases can occur. Recurrent pancreatic adenocarcinoma remains a significant therapeutic challenge, due to the limited role of surgery and radiochemotherapy. Surgical management of recurrence is usually unreliable because tumor relapse typically presents as a technically unresectable, or as multifocal disease with an aggressive growth. Therefore, treatment of patients with recurrent pancreatic adenocarcinoma has historically been limited to palliative chemotherapy or supportive care. Only few data are available in the Literature about this issue, even if in recent years more studies have been published to determine whether treatment after recurrence have any effect on patients outcome. Recent therapeutic advances have demonstrated the potential to improve survival in selected patients who had undergone resection for pancreatic cancer. Multimodality management of recurrent pancreatic carcinoma may lead to better survival and quality of life in a small but significant percentage of patients; however, more and larger studies are needed to clarify the role of the different therapeutic options and the optimal way to combine them.

关键词： Multimodality treatment Pancreas Pancreatic neopla

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第10期31卷 88-113,I0003页

作者： Magno B.Costa Moisés A.de Araújo Marcos v.de Lima Tinoco Juliana F.de Brito lucia H.Mascaro Departamento de Química Universidade Federal de São CarlosRodovia Washington Luizkm 235São CarlosSão Paulo 13565-905Brazil Instituto de Química de São Carlos Universidade de São PauloAvenida Trabalhador Sancarlense400São CarlosSão Paulo 13566-590Brazil Instituto de Química Universidade Estadual PaulistaRua Professor Francisco Degnis/nAraraquaraSão Paulo 14800-900Brazil

This review shows the importance of WO_(3)photoanode as a potentially low-cost,efficient,stable,and photoactive material for light-driven water *** such,this manuscript aims to review the most recent publications regarding the strategies to improve the phoelectroactivity of WO_(3)films for water *** addition,this review aims to graphically highlight and discuss the general trendings of the photocurrent density response and stability test of the recent outstanding studies in the literature for photoelectrochemical water splitting *** strategies covered in this review will not only concern the WO_(3)morphology and crystal plane growth,but also the many arrangements possibilities to improve the WO_(3)efficiency for water photoelectrooxidation,such as defect engineering based on oxygen vacancies,doping,decorations,and homo and *** these strategies are compared by the photocurrent density results and by the stability of these *** best results in this sense were observed in cases where the use of heterojunction was applied together with a desired morphology and crystal plane of the WO_(3)***,the modifications that caused a decrease in the photocurrent density reaching values that are even lower than the pure WO_(3)were also *** this way,this review intends to improve the knowledge about the synthesis and design of WO_(3)photoanodes to further obtain an efficient photocatalyst to minimize the recombination losses or losses across the interfaces and improve the photoelectroactivity for water splitting in the large-scale application.

关键词： Solar energy H_(2)production N-type semiconductor Photoelectrode design Oxygen evolution reaction

Metastatic tumors to the pancreas: The role of surgery

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2014年第10期6卷 381-392页

作者： Cosimo Sperti lucia Moletta Giuseppe Patanè Department of Surgery Oncology and Gastroenterology 3rd Surgical Clinic University of Padua 35128 Padova Italy

Pancreatic metastases from other primary malignancies are a rare entity. By far, the most common primary cancer site resulting in an isolated pancreatic metastasis is the kidney, followed by colorectal cancer, melanoma, breast cancer, lung carcinoma and sarcoma. Only few data on the surgical outcome of pancreatic resections performed for metastases from other primary tumor have been published, and there are no guidelines to address the surgical treatment for these patients. In this study, we performed a review of the published literature, focusing on the early and long-term results of surgery for the most frequent primary tumors metastasizing to the pancreas. Results for the Literature's analysis show that in last years an increasing number of surgical resections have been performed in selected patients with limited pancreatic disease. Pancreatic resection for metastatic disease can be performed with acceptable mortality and morbidity rates. The usefulness of pancreatic resection is mainly linked to the biology of the primary tumor metastasizing to the pancreas. The benefit of metastasectomy in terms of patient survival has been observed for metastases from renal cell cancer, while for other primary tumors, such as lung and breast cancers, the role of surgery is mainly palliative.

关键词： Pancreas Pancreatic neoplasms/second-ary Pancreatectomy Renal cell cancer Breast cancer Melanoma Sarcoma Lung carcinoma

Phase Transformation under Continuous Cooling Conditions in Medium Carbon Microalloyed Steels

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2014年第5期30卷 511-516页

作者： Manuel Gomez lucia Rancel Esther Escudero Sebastian F.Medina National Centre for Metallurgical Research CENIM-CSICAv.Gregorio del Amo 828040 MadridSpain

Several 35CrMo4 and 38Mnv7 steels with different additions of Ti and v were manufactured by electroslag remelting. The influence of the alloying and microalloying elements on phase transformation at different cooling rates was studied and the continuous cooling transformation diagrams were plotted. In order to optimize the heat treatment and improve the mechanical properties, the range of cooling rates leading to a fully bainitic microstructure （without ferrite, pearlite and especially without martensite） was determined. Bainite and martensite transformation start temperatures （Bs, Ms） were also established and compared with the values predicted by empirical equations. The important role of precipitates （especially v carbonitride particles） on final microstructure and mechanical properties was assessed.

关键词： Microalloyed steel Phase transformation Precipitation Dilatometry Continuous cooling transformation diagram

Pancreatic resection in very elderly patients:A critical analysis of existing evidence

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2017年第1期9卷 30-36页

作者： Cosimo Sperti lucia Moletta Gioia Pozza Department of Surgery Oncology and Gastroenterology3~(rd)Surgical ClinicUniversity of Padua35128 PaduaItaly

The aging of the population results in a rise of number of elderly patients (aged 80 years and older) with pancreatic or periampullary cancer, and more pancreatectomies could eventually be performed in such complex patients. However, early and long-term results after pancreatic resection in octogenarians are still controversial, and may trouble the surgeon when approaching this type of population. Evaluation of reported experiences shows that for almost all Authors, pancreatectomy can be performed safely in elderly population, although overall morbidity and mortality rates were 34.9% and 13.2% respectively, with a mean length of hospital stay of 18 d. These features appear higher in older patients compared to the younger counterpart. Less than 50% of patients underwent adjuvant therapy after operation. Long-term survival is reported not significantly different in aged 80 years and older patients, with a median overall survival time of 17.6 mo. The quality of life after pancreatic resection is only sporadically evaluated but, when considered, it highlights the need of health facility service after operation for these “frail” patients. Prospective studies on the quality of life of pancreatectomized octogenarians are welcome. Proper selection of patients, geriatric assessment with multidisciplinary approach, centralization of pancreatic surgery in high-volume centres and rehabilitation programs after surgery appear to be crucial points in order to improve surgical treatments of pancreatic tumors in very elderly patients.

关键词： Elderly Octogenarian Pancreatectomy Pancreatic neoplasms Survival