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The in Vitro Antioxidant Capacities of Hydroalcoholic Extracts from Roots and Leaves of Smallanthus sonchifolius (Yacon) Do Not Correlate with Their in Vivo Antioxidant Action in Diabetic Rats

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2016年第2期4卷 15-27页

作者： Ana Carla Broetto Biazon Mariana Marques Nogueira Wendt Júlia Rosa moreira Cristiane Vizioli castro Ghizoni Andreia Assunção Soares Sandra da silva Silveira Anacharis Babeto de Sá-Nakanishi Ciomar Aparecida Bersani Amado Rosane Marina Peralta Adelar Bracht Jurandir Fernando Comar Pharmacy department Faculdades Integrado Campo Mourao Brazil Biochemistry department University of Maringá Maringá Brazil Pharmacology and Therapeutics department University of Maringá Maringá Brazil

Leaf and root extracts of Smallanthus sonchifolius (yacon), have antihyper-glycemic activity and antioxidant properties. The present study aims to compare the in vivo hepatic antioxidant activity of hydroalcoholic extracts of yacon leaves and roots in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes in terms of their in vitro antioxidant capacity. Rats were treated during 14 days with 1060 mg·Kg-1 root extract or 400 mg·Kg-1 leaf extract. The latter was richer in phenolics and possessed a much higher in vitro antioxidant activity. Both extracts prevented hyperglycemia in diabetic rats. The liver of diabetic rats presented increased levels of protein carbonyls and ROS and decreased activities of antioxidant enzymes. Treatment with both root and leaf extracts restored the protein carbonyl levels to normality. The root extract also restored the ROS levels to normality, but the leaf extract was not effective. The root extract was also more effective in restoring the activity of at least two important antioxidant enzymes (glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase and glutathione peroxidase). In terms of the antioxidant load (which was 17 times lower in the root extract treatment), the in vivo action of the root extract was more effective than the leaf extract in reducing the hepatic oxidative stress that accompanies diabetes.

关键词： Smallanthus sonchifolius Yacon Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes Liver Oxidative Status

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Homocysteine and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Overweight or Obese Children and Adolescents

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Health 2015年第3期7卷 381-389页

作者： Adriana Amorim de Farias Leal Monica Oliveira da silva Simoes Alessandra Teixeira Carla Campos Muniz Medeiros Astrid Camelo Palmeira Gabriella Menezes Almeida de castro Mayara Larrys Gomes de Assis Maísa Soares de Oliveira Graduate Program in Public Health State University of ParaibaCampina GrandeBrazil department of Pharmacy State University of ParaibaCampina GrandeBrazil department of Nursing State University of ParaibaCampina GrandeBrazil Scientific Initiation Program State University of ParaibaCampina GrandeBrazil

Introduction: Among the extrinsic factors, homocysteine (Hy) stands out, which is an intermediate amino acid of the intracellular metabolism of methionine involved in the process of cellular oxidation, which promotes the installation of atheromatous plaques and, therefore, is considered as an emerging cardiovascular risk factor. Objective: To evaluate the plasma homocysteine levels (Hy) in overweight or obese children and adolescents and their relation with cardiovascular risk factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2011 to May 2012 with overweight or obesity children and adolescents aged 2 to 18 years followed at the Center for Childhood Obesity (IOC), Campina Grande-PB. A structured form was used to record demographic, socioeconomic and clinics variables and the patients underwent laboratory tests to define their lipid and glucose profiles and measurement of plasma Hy levels. Results: The study evaluated a total of 165 children and adolescents with mean age of 12.5 (±2.5) years;the majority were female (57.0%). Regarding the lipid profile, there was more individuals with low HDL cholesterol (88.5%). Plasma Hy levels were high in 24.2% of the sample. The mean Hy levels ranged from 4.3 to 18.9 μmol/L, being higher in males, obese adolescents and also in patients with high insulin levels and resistance. Conclusions: The results shown in this study emphasize the importance of detecting and controlling the plasma Hy levels as an independent cardiovascular risk factor, and the need for further studies to evaluate the clinical and biological factors related to alterations in its metabolism.

关键词： Homocysteine Cardiovascular Diseases Child Adolescent Obesity

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Water Quality and the Impact by Contaminants of Emerging Concern: The Case of Verde River in Campos Gerais

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2022年第11期14卷 740-757页

作者： Renato Itamar Duarte da Fonseca Juliana Aparecida da silva Karine Andréa Costa Gabrielle delfrate Egon Chiquito de castro Rosilene Prestes Sheisa Fin dantas Sierpinski Adriano Gonçalves Viana Elizabeth Weinhardt O. Scheffer State University of Ponta Grossa Ponta Grossa Brazil Federal University of Technology Ponta Grossa Brazil

In this article, we report the results of the work carried out on the Verde River, a predominantly urban river located in the city of Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil. developed in three stages, it aimed to evaluate the water quality through physical-chemical parameters, the presence of caffeine as a chemical tracer, and the compound Triclosan (TCS), considered a pollutant of emerging concern. An attempt was made to identify possible polluting sources along the river. Samples were collected at 4 points from the spring region, with sampling upstream and downstream of a Sewage Treatment Plant (STP). The physical-chemical parameters were determined in situ, through portable analysers, as well as in the laboratory, in this case, through analyses using molecular absorption spectroscopy. For the determination of TCS and Caffeine, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used, preceded by a pre-concentration step in the solid phase (SPE), and the techniques were implemented after validation. The physicochemical evaluations of the surface samples showed a decline in water quality after the STP. Mean total phosphorus concentrations of 1.0 mg·L-1 (±0.4), as well as dissolved oxygen (DO) levels below 5.0 mg·L-1 were verified downstream of the STP. Caffeine concentrations for Verde River were between 49.0 to 299.0 μg·L-1, verified upstream and downstream of the STP. The results demonstrated the relationship between the presence of caffeine and impaction, either by the input of raw sewage or by treated effluent. TCS was detected by chromatographic analysis, downstream of the STP, with an average concentration of 27.6 (±1.7) μg·L-1, noting that its presence was associated with the reactor maintenance procedure, with the STP in the process called bypass. Obtaining quality data from Verde River is important for the protection of the environment and affects the health of the population.

关键词： Surface Water Micropollutants Triclosan

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Water availability drives gradients of tree diversity,structure and functional traits in the Atlantic-Cerrado-Caatinga transition,Brazil

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第6期11卷 803-814页

作者： Marcela de castro Nunes Santos Terra Rubens Manoel dos Santos Jamir Afonso do Prado Júnior José Marcio de Mello José Roberto Soares Scolforo Marco Aurélio Leite Fontes Ivan Schiavini Aliny Aparecida dos Reis Inacio Thomaz Bueno Luiz Fernando silva Magnago Hans ter Steege departamento de Ciências Florestais Universidade Federal de LavrasCampus UniversitárioPO Box 3037LavrasMinas Gerais 37200-000Brazil Instituto de Biologia Universidade Federal de UberlândiaCampus Umuarama-Bloco 2DPO Box 593UberlândiaMinas Gerais 38400-902Brazil Applied Ecology and Conservation Lab Programa de Pós‐graduação Ecologia e Conservação da BiodiversidadeUniversidade Estadual de Santa CruzIlhéusBahia 45662-900Brazil Naturalis Biodiversity Center Vondellaan 55Postbus 95172300 RA LeidenThe Netherlands Coordenação de Botânica Museu Paraense Emílio GoeldiAv.Magalhães Barata 376PO Box 399BelémPara´66040-170Brazil

Aims Climate and soil are among the most important factors determin-ing variation in tree communities,but their effects have not been thoroughly elucidated to date for many vegetation *** this study,we evaluate how climate and soil gradients affect gradients of vegetation composition,species diversity and dominance,structure and functional traits(seed mass and wood density)using over 327000 trees in 158 sites distributed along environmental gradients in the transitions among the Atlantic forest,Cerrado and Caatinga in Minas Gerais State(MG),Brazil(nearly 600000 km2).Methods Gradients in species,genus and family abundance in addition to basal area,stem density,species diversity(Fisher’s alpha),domin-ance percentage,seed mass and wood density were correlated using multiple regressions with environmental variables,as summarized in four principal component analysis axes(two climatic-precipi-tation seasonality and temperature range-and two edaphic-soil fertility and soil moisture).Additionally,ordinary kriging maps were used to better illustrate the *** Findings Multiple regression models indicate that all variables but domin-ance percentage were affected by one or more of the environmental gradients,but the average R2 was low(26.25%).Kriging maps rein-forced the patterns observed in the regression *** seasonality and soil moisture gradients were the most important gra-dients affecting vegetation *** finding suggests that water availability is an important determinant of vegetation features in these vegetation transitions.

关键词： climate environmental gradient soil southeastern Brazil vegetation

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Screening Test for Antibiotics in Medicinal Plants(STAMP):Using Powdered Plant Materials Instead of Extracts

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2013年第12期4卷 2340-2350页

作者： Marielle Cascaes Inácio Fabio Carmona Tiago Antunes Paz Maysa Furlan Fernando Arcanjo da silva Bianca Waléria Bertoni Suzelei de castro Franca Ana Maria Soares Pereira departamento de Producao Vegetal Faculdade de Ciências AgronomicasUniversidade Estadual Paulista“Júlio de Mesquita Filho”BotucatuBrasil departamento de Puericultura e Pediatria Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirao PretoUniversidade de Sao PauloRibeirao PretoBrasil departamento de Química Orgânica Instituto de QuímicaUniversidade Estadual Paulista“Júlio de Mesquita Filho”AraraquaraBrasil Unidade de Biotecnologia Universidade de Ribeirao PretoRibeirão PretoBrasil

Plants are a rich source of antibiotics, but screening all the existing plant species for biological activity using current methods can be time and resource consuming. The present study is to investigate whether powdered plant materials would perform as well as plant extracts in the screening of plants with antimicrobial activity. In the new method proposed (STAMP), we compared in vitro antimicrobial activity of powdered plant materials from 12 species against bacteria and fungi. We confirmed these results with their corresponding aqueous (wet) and hydro-alcoholic extracts and one species testing the antimicrobial activity of two isolated compounds. Compared with hydro-alcoholic extracts, screening using the powdered plant materials correctly identified the majority of the species with antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans (sensitivity 91%, specificity 86%), C. parapsilosis (sensitivity 100%, specificity 67%), and Staphylococcus aureus (sensitivity 64%, specificity 86%). For bacteria, the method performed better in a pH of 9.0. The antimicrobial activity of two compounds isolated from one species (maytenin and netzahualcoyone) confirmed the results. In conclusion, the use of powdered plant materials for screening plants with antimicrobial properties is a cheap, widely available, technically easy, time sparing, reproducible, and sensitive method and can significantly shorten the time and money spent during drug development.

关键词： Herbal Drug Botanical Drug Phytotherapics Natural Products

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Gene Expression Analysis of Extracellular Matrix and Cytokines after Uterine Artery Embolization

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2014年第15期4卷 935-943页

作者： André Bernardo Tatiana Carvalho de Souza Bonetti Ismael dale Cotrim Guerreiro da silva Mariano Tamura Vieira Gomes Rodrigo Aquino castro Manoel Joao Batista Castello Girao Claudio Emilio Bonduki Gynecology department Paulista School of MedicineFederal University of Sao Paulo(EPM-UNIFESP)Sao PauloBrazil

Arterial embolization of myomas (AEM) is an established option for the conservative treatment of uterine leio-myomas;it treats all present uterine nodules at once, is less invasive than other procedures and effective in controlling symptoms, and does not require long term hospitalizations. Nevertheless, the potential impact on endometrial morphological and functional outcomes after the procedure is still controversial based on reports of endometritis or eventual transient ischemia. This study evaluated endometrial reorganization in uterine leiomyoma patients, before and after AEM, through gene expression analyses of extracellular matrix and cytokines genes in theendometrial tissue. Eight patients with leiomyomas were evaluated before AEM and 6 months after. The examinations included transvaginal pelvic ultrasonography, dosing of the follicle-stimulating hormone, and endometrial biopsy during the second phase of the menstrual cycle. RNA was extracted from endometrial samples, cDNA was synthesized, and applied on PCR arrayTM plates to evaluate the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) genes and cytokines and their receptors’ genes (CYT). The ECM overexpressed genes were MMP (1, 3, 10, 11, and 14), CTGF1, ICAM1, TBHS1, ITGA2, ITGA3, ITGB3, COL7A1, COL12A, SPP1, and TNC;AdaMTS8 was underexpressed. The CYT overexpressed genes were SPP1, BCL6, CXCL12, IL-8, and CEBPB;CXCL13 and CCL21 were underexpressed. The ECM results showed overexpression of proteases that are responsible for dysfunctions in the ECM, and of genes responsible for adhesion and membrane components. The CYT results showed overexpression of chemokines responsible for endometrial repair, and underexpression of cytokines involved in inflammatory processes in the endometrial tissue. AEM treatment did not negatively affect the endometrial function at 6 months after embolization. This study broadens the knowledge about using a procedure that is relevant to the treatment of leiomyomas and contributes to the es

关键词： Component Myoma Arterial Embolization of Myomas Extracellular Matrix Cytokines

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Usefulness of serum C-reactive protein and calprotectin for the early detection of colorectal anastomotic leakage:A prospective observational study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第24期28卷 2758-2774页

作者： Nuno J G Rama Marlene C C Lages Maria Pedro S Guarino Óscar Lourenço Patrícia C Motta Lima Diana Parente Cândida S G silva Ricardo castro Ana Bento Anabela Rocha Fernando castro-Pocas João Pimente Colorectal Surgical Division Leiria Hospital CentreLeiria 2410-021Portugal Abel Salazar Biomedical Institute(ICBAS) University of OportoOporto 4099-002Portugal Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology(ciTechCare) Polytechnic of LeiriaLeiria 2410-541Portugal Faculty of Economics CeBERUniversity of CoimbraCoimbra 3000-137Portugal Clinical Pathology Division Leiria Hospital CentreLeiria 2410-541Portugal Surgical Division Oporto Hospital CentreOporto 4099-001Portugal department of Gastroenterology Santo António HospitalPorto Hospital CenterPorto 4099-001Portugal Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar University of PortoPorto 4099-001Portugal Faculty of Medicine University of CoimbraCoimbra 3004-531Portugal Surgical Division Montes Claros HospitalCoimbra 3030-320Portugal

BACKGROUND Colorectal anastomotic leakage(CAL)is one of the most dreaded complications after colorectal surgery,with an incidence that can be as high as 27%.This event is associated with increased morbidity and mortality;therefore,its early diagnosis is crucial to reduce clinical consequences and *** biomarkers have been suggested as laboratory tools for the diagnosis of *** To assess the usefulness of plasma C-reactive protein(CRP)and calprotectin(CLP)as early predictors of *** A prospective monocentric observational study was conducted including patients who underwent colorectal resection with anastomosis,from March 2017 to August *** were divided into three groups:G1–no complications;G2–complications not related to CAL;and G3–*** biomarkers were measured and analyzed in the first 5 postoperative days(PODs),namely white blood cell(WBC)count,eosinophil cell count(ECC),CRP,CLP,and procalcitonin(PCT).Clinical criteria,such as abdominal pain and clinical condition,were also *** correlation between biomarkers and CAL was *** operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis was used to compare the accuracy of these biomarkers as predictors of CAL,and the area under the ROC curve(AUROC),specificity,sensitivity,positive predictive value,and negative predictive value(NPV)during this period were *** In total,25 of 396 patients developed CAL(6.3%),and the mean time for this diagnosis was 9.0±6.8 *** operative characteristics,such as surgical approach,blood loss,intraoperative complications,and duration of the procedure,were notably related to the development of *** length of hospital stay was markedly higher in the group that developed CAL compared with the group with complications other than CAL and the group with no complications(median of 21 d vs 13 d and 7 d respectively;P<0.001).For abdominal pain,the best predictive performance was on POD4 and POD5,with the largest AUROC of 0.84 on ***

关键词： Anastomotic leakage Colorectal Surgery Biomarkers C-reactive protein Calprotectin

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Circulation of Immunosuppressive Viruses and Avian Encephalomyelitis Virus in Backyard Chicken Flocks

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Advances in Microbiology 2020年第5期10卷 203-213页

作者： Priscila de castro Almeida Pricila Ribeiro silva Borges Priscilla K.Koerich Roberta Torres de Melo Igor Alves Batista Eliane Pereira Mendonca Rogério Reis silva Lillian Karla silva Belchiolina Beatriz Fonseca Elanco Saúde Animal Sao PauloBrazil BRF S/A UberlândiaBrazil Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Uberlandia UberlandiaBrazil Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária da Universidade de Uberaba UberabaBrazil

The objective of this study was to evaluate the circulation of Chicken Anemia Virus (CAV), Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV), Avian Reovirus (ARV) and Avian Encephalomyelitis virus (AEV) in properties of backyard chickens and carry out an epidemiological analysis. We evaluated 200 samples of chickens from 19 backyard chicken property. Only one property (P10) did not present serological titers for the diseases evaluated. This property is close to industrial farms as well as the other properties, however, P10 remained a few years without the breeding of chicks and these were the first poultry to be housed on site. This reinforces the importance of the fallow period for poultry production. The prevalence of virus-seroreactive birds was 78% (156/200), 64.5% (129/200), 78% (156/200), 78% (156/200) for CAV, IBDV, ARV and, EA, respectively. All the free-range farms studied are within a radius of 500 meters to 6 Km away from some establishments of industrial poultry. There was a correlation between serological titers for CAV and the frequency of disease in poultry (r = 0.6178). In places where birds are frequently sick, 30.76% reported that the disease occurs in chicks, 30.76% in broilers, 23.07% in broiler chickens and 7.69% in birds of all ages. Birds get sick more often in the summer period. The owners reported that the most common signs of disease were respiratory signs (snoring and nasal discharge) (46.15%), diarrhea (30.76%), and paralysis of wings and/or paws (38.46%). There was a correlation between the presence of untreated water in the property and serological titers for ARV (r = 0.5576). This report draws attention not only to high serological prevalence for the viruses studied but also important epidemiological aspects of backyard chicken diseases that may indirectly influence the industrial production.

关键词： Chicken Anemia Virus Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Avian Reovirus Epidemiology

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Effectiveness of Helicobacter pylori eradication in the treatment of early-stage gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma:An up-to-date meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第14期29卷 2202-2221页

作者： Fabian Fellipe Bueno Lemos Caroline Tianeze de castro Mariana Santos Calmon Marcel silva Luz Samuel Luca Rocha Pinheiro Clara Faria Souza Mendes dos Santos Gabriel Lima Correa Santos Hanna Santos Marques Henrique Affonso delgado Kádima Nayara Teixeira Cláudio Lima Souza Márcio Vasconcelos Oliveira Fabrício Freire de Melo Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde Universidade Federal da BahiaVitória da Conquista 45029094BahiaBrazil Instituto de Saúde Coletiva Universidade Federal da BahiaSalvador 40110040BahiaBrazil Campus Vitória da Conquista Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da BahiaVitória da Conquista 45029094BahiaBrazil Campus Toledo Universidade Federal do ParanáToledo 85919899ParanáBrazil

BACKGROUND Gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue(MALT)lymphoma(GML)is usually a low-grade B-cell neoplasia strongly associated with Helicobacter pylori(***)-induced chronic *** practice guidelines currently recommend *** eradication as the preferred initial treatment for early-stage *** determine the practical effect of bacterial eradication as the sole initial therapy for early-stage GML,an updated analysis and review of available evidence is *** To perform a meta-analysis to assess the rate of complete remission(CR)of ***-positive early-stage GML following bacterial *** We performed independent,computer-assisted literature searches using the PubMed/MEDLINE,Embase,and Cochrane Central databases through September *** and retrospective observational studies evaluating the CR of early-stage GML following bacterial eradication in ***-positive *** risk of bias was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute(JBI)Critical Appraisal *** pooled estimate of the complete histopathological remission rate and respective confidence intervals(95%CI)were calculated following the random-effects *** and inconsistency were assessed using Cochran’s Q test and I2 statistic,and heterogeneity was defined as P50%,*** and meta-regression analyses were conducted to explore potential sources of *** The titles and abstracts of 1576 studies were screened;96 articles were retrieved and selected for full-text ***,61 studies were included in the proportional meta-analysis(P-MA).Forty-six were prospective and fifteen were retrospective uncontrolled,single-arm,observational *** overall risk of bias was low to moderate in all but a single report,with an average critical appraisal score across all studies of 79.02%.A total of 2936 ***-positive early-stage GML patients,in whom *** was successfully eradicated,were incl

关键词： Lymphoma B-cell Marginal zone Gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma Stomach lymphoma Helicobacter pylori Therapeutics Eradication therapy

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Rheology of Cement Mortars with Crushed Fine Aggregates of Different Lithological Types

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2014年第9期8卷 1110-1120页

作者： Elton Bauer Carla Cristina Nascimento Santos Pereira Joao Henrique da silva Rego Claudio Henrique deAlmeida Feitosa Pereira Eliane Kraus castro department of Environmental and Civil Engineering University of Brasilia. Brasilia 70910-900 Brazil Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of Sergipe Aracaju 49055-260 Brazil

Crushed fine aggregates are widely used for full or partial replacement of natural sands in concretes. The crushed sands present different characteristics from the natural sand, especially if taking into account the content of microfine particle, the distribution of particle sizes, the shape features, besides the different lithological origin. From the rheological point of view, the crushed sands frequently provide mixtures with high yield stress, high viscosity, high cohesion and internal friction, which hinders its use in concrete. This study is focused on the evaluation of the rheological behavior of concrete mortar phase when using different lithological types of crushed sand in total replacement of natural sand. The lithological types surveyed were granite, calcitic limestone, dolomite limestone and mica schist. Each of these sand types was studied in two ways： in natura and with adjusted grading curve. The results show the best performance of calcitic limestone providing lower viscosities and lower yield stress in mortars.

关键词： Crushed fine aggregate rheology mortar lithology particle shape particle size distribution.

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