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国外油气勘探 1992年第6期 1-9页

作者： A. galli 吴光宏

应用地质统计模型来产生并间三维岩相模型,然后在此三维岩相模型中进行流体流动模拟。重复研究地质调查资料与地质统计模型的主要特性,就可以对模拟试验和流体流动状况进行解释。

关键词：储集层岩相模拟实例综合

Understanding fatigue in primary biliary cholangitis:From pathophysiology to treatment perspectives

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第6期14卷 1111-1119页

作者： Erica Nicola Lynch Claudia Campani Tommaso Innocenti Gabriele Dragoni Maria Rosa Biagini Paolo Forte Andrea galli Gastroenterology Research Unit Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences“Mario Serio”University of FlorenceFlorence 50134Italy Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of FlorenceFlorence 50134Italy Department of Medical Biotechnologies University of SienaSiena 53100Italy Division of Gastroenterology University Hospital“Careggi”Florence 50134Italy

Fatigue is considered one of the most frequent and debilitating symptoms in primary biliary cholangitis(PBC),affecting over 50%of PBC *** in five patients with PBC suffer from severe fatigue,which significantly impairs quality of *** is made up of a central and a peripheral component,whose pathophysiology is still greatly *** fatigue is characterised by a lack of self-motivation and can manifest both in physical and mental activities(lack of intention).Peripheral fatigue includes neuromuscular dysfunction and muscle weakness(lack of ability).Peripheral fatigue could be explained by an excessive deviation from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism leading to excessive lactic acid accumulation and therefore accelerated decline in muscle function and prolonged recovery *** opposed to itching,and with the exception of endstage liver disease,fatigue is not related to disease *** objective of this review is to outline current understanding regarding the pathophysiology of fatigue,the role of comorbidities and contributing factors,the main tools for fatigue assessment,the failed therapeutic options,and future treatment perspectives for this disabling *** fatigue is an extremely common and debilitating symptom and there is still no licensed therapy for fatigue in PBC patients,further research is warranted to understand its causative mechanisms and to find an effective treatment.

关键词： Fatigue Primary biliary cholangitis Treatment Pathophysiology Central fatigue Peripheral fatigue

Hyperhomocysteinemia and hypercoagulability in primary biliary cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第10期12卷 1607-1612页

作者： Maria Rosa Biagini Alessandro Tozzi Rossella Marcucci Rita Paniccia Sandra Fedi Stefano Milani Andrea galli Elisabetta Ceni Marco Capanni Raffaele Manta Rosanna Abbate Calogero Surrenti Department of Clinical Pathophysiology Gastroenterology Unit University of FlorenceAOU CareggiFlorenceItaly Thrombosis Center Department of Critical Area University of FlorenceAOU CareggiFlorenceItaly

AIM： To assess the hypercoagulability in PBC and its relationship with homocysteine （HCY） and various components of the haemostatic system. METHODS： We investigated 51 PBC patients （43F/8M; mean age： 63±13.9 yr） and 102 healthy subjects （86 women/16 men, 63±13 yr）, and evaluated the haemostatic process in whole blood by the Sonoclot analysis and the platelet function by PFA-100 device. We then measured HCY （fasting and after methionine loading）, tissue factor （TF）, thrombin-antithrombin complexes （TAT）, D-dimer （D-D）, thrombomodulin （TH）, folic acid, vitamin B6 and B12 plasma levels. C677T 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase （HTHFR） polymorphism was analyzed. RESULTS： Sonoclot RATE values of patients were significantly （P〈 0.001） higher than those of controls. Sonoclot time to peak values and PFA-100 closure times were comparable in patients and controls. TAT, TF and HCY levels, both in the fasting and post-methionine loading, were significantly （P〈0.001） higher in patients than in controls. Vitamin deficiencies were detected in 45/51 patients （88.2%）. The prevalence of the homozygous TT677 MTHFR genotype was significantly higher in patients （31.4%） than in controls （17.5%）（P〈 0.05）. Sonodot RATE values correlated significantly with HCY levels and TF.CONCLUSION： In PBC, hyper-HCY is related to hypovitaminosis and genetic predisposing factors. Increased TF and HCY levels and signs of endothelial activation areassociated with hypercoagulability and may have an important role in blood clotting activation.

关键词： Homocysteinemia Hypercoagulability Primary biliary cirrhosis Tissue factor Folic acid

Neutralized solar energetic particles for SEP forecasting:Feasibility study of an innovative technique for space weather applications

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2022年第1期6卷 42-51页

作者： Xiao-Dong Wang B.Klecker G.Nicolaou S.Barabash M.Wieser P.Wurz A.galli F.Cipriani Y.Futaana Swedish Institute of Space Physics KirunaSweden Max-Planck Institute für extraterrestrische Physik GarchingGermany Physics Institute University of BernBernSwitzerland ESA/ESTEC Research and Scientific Support DepartmentNoordwijkThe Netherlands

Energetic neutral atoms(ENAs)are produced by the neutralization of energetic ions formed by shock-accelerated gradual solar energetic particle events(SEP).These high-energy ENAs(HENAs)can reach the Earth earlier than the associated SEPs and thus can provide information about the SEPs at the lower *** HENA properties observed at Earth depend on the properties of the coronal mass ejection(CME)-driven shocks that accelerate the *** a model of HENA production in a shock-accelerated SEP event,we semi-quantitatively investigate the energy-time spectrum of HENAs depending on the width,propagation speed,and direction of the shock,as well as the density and ion abundances of the lower *** to the baseline model parameters,the cases with a wider shock width angle or a higher coronal density would increase the HENA flux observed at the Earth,while the case with an Earthpropagating shock shows a softened HENA *** comparison of expected HENA fluxes in different cases with a flight-proven ENA instrument suggests that solar HENAs can feasibly be monitored with current technologies,which could provide a lead time of 2−3 hours for SEPs at a few *** propose that monitoring of solar HENAs could provide a new method to forecast shock-driven SEP events that are capable of significant space weather impacts on the near-Earth environment.

关键词： solar energetic particles energetic neutral atoms space weather numerical simulation

Late Complication of Tracheostomy: Larynx-Shaped Reorganization of the Tracheal Rings or the True Larynx?

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Surgical Science 2012年第1期3卷 56-58页

作者： Jacopo galli Sara Giannantonio Gaetano Paludetti Institute of Otorhinolaryngology Catholic University of the Sacred Heart “A. Gemelli” University Hospital Rome Italy

Tracheostomy is a well-established, commonly used surgical procedure, whose early and late complications are widely described in literature. Some of them remain still poorly known, though. One of these rare complications is a peculiar larynx-shaped reorganization of the tracheal rings and cricoid cartilage. This tracheal narrowing seems to be non- symptomatic and not life-threatening, at least as long as the reduction of the lumen is <50% - 75%. Such a finding has never been described so far in the literature, and should be kept in mind as one of late complication of tracheostomy.

关键词： Tracheostomy Post-Tracheostomy Complications Tracheal Stenosis Optic Fiber Laryngoscopy Double Larynx

LA FAUNA MARINA PLEISTOCENICA DEL COLLE DI CASTENEDOLO(Brescia,Italia Settentrionale)Osservazioni cronologiche ed ambientali

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Natural Disaster Reduction in China 1988年第1期 35-62页

作者： GIUSEPPE BRAMBILLA CINZIA galli e GIUSEPPE SANTI Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell'Università di Pavia Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Cremona

Chronological and environmental observations on the Pleistocene fauna of Castenedolo(Brescia-Northern Italy).The Authors describes the micro and macrofauna from the marine layers of the Colle di Caste-nedolo(Brescia-Northern Italy),stored in the collections of the Museo Civico di Scienze Nalurali di Brescia,and the Museo Pavese di Storia Naturale as well as some material recently brought to *** reexaminationand the analysis of the abundant mainly unpublished material,including 3939 macrofaunal specimens,lead tothe identification of 137 *** uppermost layer has been attributed to the end of Lower *** layer also produced Middle/Late Pleistocene remains probably in secondary *** paleoenvironmental reconstruction showsthe presence of a shallow sea,some 15 m deep,delimited by a medium/fine grain sand *** basin wasoccasionally filled with fine material probably carried by a stream whose mouth varied from time to *** varying from brackish to lacustrine established at the end of the marine *** bioceno-sis have been recognixed,mainly characteristic of the infralitoral environment in relation with the grain sizedistribution of the depth and with the *** comparison with the Pleistocene faunas of *** alLambro(Pavia)and ***(Parma)allowed the Authors to correlate these Po Plain *** faunalremains also indicate the establishment of temperate/warm climatic conditions.

关键词： Brescia,Italia Settentrionale)Osservazioni cronologiche ed ambientali La ab BS Pi LA FAUNA MARINA PLEISTOCENICA DEL COLLE DI CASTENEDOLO

Main factors influencing long-term outcomes of liver transplantation in 2022

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World Journal of Hepatology 2023年第3期15卷 321-352页

作者： Elisa Fuochi Lorenzo Anastasio Erica Nicola Lynch Claudia Campani Gabriele Dragoni Stefano Milani Andrea galli Tommaso Innocenti Gastroenterology Research Unit Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences“Mario Serio”University of FlorenceFlorence 50134Italy Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of FlorenceFlorence 50134Italy Department of Medical Biotechnologies University of SienaSiena 53100Italy

Liver transplant(LT)outcomes have markedly improved in the recent decades,even if long-term morbidity and mortality are still *** of late deaths are independent from graft function and different comorbidities,including complications of metabolic syndrome and de novo neoplasms,seem to play a key role in determining long-term outcomes in LT *** review discusses the main factors associated with late mortality and suggests possible strategies to improve long-term management and follow-up after liver *** particular,the reduction of drug toxicity,the use of tools to identify high-risk patients,and setting up a multidisciplinary team also for long-term management of LT recipients may further improve survival after liver transplantation.

关键词： Alcohol Liver transplantation Long term survival Metabolic syndrome Renal dysfunction Therapy adherence

Graphene-based optical phase modulation of waveguide transverse electric modes

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Photonics Research 2014年第3期2卷 S0034-S0040页

作者： Michele Midrio Paola galli Marco Romagnoli Lionel C.Kimerling Jurgen Michel Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica Gestionale e Meccanica Universitàdegli Studi di Udine33100 UdineItaly Bell Labs Alcatel-Lucentvia Trento 3020871 Vimercate(MB)Italy CNIT National Laboratory of Photonic Networks 56124 PisaItaly Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Ave.CambridgeMassachusetts 02139USA

In this paper we report TE-mode phase modulation obtained by inducing a capacitive charge on graphene layers embedded in the core of a *** is a biasing regime in which graphene absorption is negligible but large index variations can be achieved with a voltage–length product as small as V_(π)L_(π)≃0.07 V cm for straight waveguides and V_(π)L_(π)≃0.0024 V cm for 12μm radius microring *** phase modulation device uniquely enables a small signal amplitude<1 V with a micrometer-sized footprint for compatibility with CMOS circuit *** of phase-induced changes are computed for straight waveguides and for microring resonators,showing the possibility of implementing several optoelectronic functionalities as modulators,tunable filters,and switches.

关键词： waveguide optoelectronic phase

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy in octogenarians and beyond:How old is too old?

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Asian Journal of Urology 2015年第4期2卷 208-213页

作者： Bradley Morganstern Riccardo galli Piruz Motamedinia David Leavitt Mohamed Keheila Eric Ghiraldi David Hoenig Arthur Smith Zeph Okeke The Smith Institute for Urology NorthShore-Long Island Jewish Health SystemNew Hyde ParkNYUSA

Objective:To specifically report perioperative characteristics and outcomes in patients 80 years and older undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PCNL).PCNL has been established as feasible in the elderly;however,to our knowledge no one has specifically reported feasibility in patients 80 years and ***:We retrospectively reviewed perioperative data of octogenarians who underwent PCNL at a high stone volume single institution,and matched them to patients<65 years of age by stone burden and *** demographics,perioperative outcomes and postoperative complications were ***:Thirty-three octogenarians(mean age 83.6 years)with 36 renal units were matched to 67 controls(mean age 48.6 years)with 72 renal *** had a higher mean American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA)score,more comorbidities,and worse renal *** were no differences in operative characteristics,length of hospital stay or stone free *** the patients with preoperative urinary decompression(ureteral stent or nephrostomy tube)prior to PCNL,the elderly were more likely to have a history of *** did not experience more minor Clavien(Ⅰ-Ⅱ)or major Clavien(Ⅲa-Ⅳb)***:Octogenarians who undergo PCNL were more likely to have cardiovascular comorbidities and a prior history of *** these risk factors,in appropriately selected patients PCNL can be safely and successfully performed in octogenarians without increased perioperative complications relative to a younger cohort.

关键词： Percutaneous nephrolithotomy Elderly Percutaneous stone extraction complications Clavien Octogenarians Percutaneous stone extraction

Telomerase activity: An attractive target for cancer therapeutics

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World Journal of Pharmacology 2014年第4期3卷 86-96页

作者： Lucia Picariello Cecilia Grappone Simone Polvani Andrea galli Gastroenterology Unit Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences University of Florence 50139 Florence Italy

Telomeres are non-coding tandem repeats of 1000-2000 TTAGGG nucleotide DNA sequences on the 3’ termini of human chromosomes where they serve as protective “caps” from degradation and loss of genes. The “cap” at the end of chromosome required to protect its integ-rity is a 150-200 nucleotide-long single stranded G-rich 3’ overhang that forms two higher order structures, a T-loop with Sheltering complex, or a G-quadruplex com-plex. Telomerase is a human ribonucleoprotein reverse transcriptase that continually added single stranded TTAGGG DNA sequences onto the single strand 3’ of telomere in the 5’ to 3’ direction. Telomerase activity is detected in male germ line cells, proliferative cells of renewal tissues, some adult pluripotent stem cells, embryonic cells, but in most somatic cells is not de-tected. Re-expression or up-regulation of telomerase in tumours cells is considered as a critical step in cell tumorigenesis and telomerase is widely considered as a tumour marker and a target for anticancer drugs. Dif-ferent approaches have been used in anticancer thera-peutics targeting telomerase. Telomerase inhibitors can block directly Human TElomerase Reverse Transcrip-tase （hTERT） or Human TElomerase RNA telomerase subunits activity, or G-quadruplex and Sheltering complex components, shortening telomeres and inhibiting cell proliferation. Telomerase can become an immune target and GV1001, Vx-001, I540 are the most wide-spread vaccines used with encouraging results. Another method is to use hTERT promoter to drive suicide gene expression or to control a lytic virus replication. Recently telomerase activity was used to activate pro-drugs such as Acycloguanosyl 5’-thymidyltriphosphate, a synthetic ACV-derived molecule when it is activated by telomer-ase it does not require any virus or host active immune response to induce suicide gene therapy. Advantage of all these therapies is that target only neoplastic cells without any effects in normal cells, avoiding toxicity and

关键词： Human telomerase reverse transcriptase Immunotherapy Suicide gene therapy Acycloguanosyl 5'-thymidyltriphosphate Telomerase inhibition