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Mycotoxin binder improves growth rate in piglets associated with reduction of toll-like receptor-4 and increase of tight junction protein gene expression in gut mucosa

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第2期9卷 351-360页

作者： Linghong Jin Wei Wang Jeroen degroote Noémie Van Noten Honglin Yan Maryam Majdeddin Mario Van Poucke luc Peelman Anne Goderis Kurt Van de Mierop Ronny Mombaerts Stefaan de Smet Joris Michiels department of Applied Biosciences Ghent University Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality Department of Animal Production Ghent University department of Nutrition Genetics and EthologyFaculty of Veterinary Medicine Ghent University Nutrex

Background: deoxynivalenol(DON) is a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium species in the field, commonly found in cereal grains, which negatively affects performances and health of animals. Mycotoxin binders are supposed to reduce the toxicity of ***: The effect of a mycotoxin binder(containing acid-activated bentonite, clinoptilolite, yeast cell walls and organic acids) on growth performance and gut health was studied. Hundred and twenty weaning piglets were allocated to 4 treatments, with 5 pens of 6 piglets each, arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial design: control diet; control diet with 1 kg/t binder; control diet with DON; and control diet with DON and 1 kg/t binder. From d0–14,the diet of DON-challenged groups was artificially contaminated with a mixture of DON(2.6 mg/kg), 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol(0.1 mg/kg) and 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol(0.3 mg/kg), after which the total contamination level was reduced to 1 mg/kg, until d37. On d14, one pig from each pen was euthanized and distal small intestinal mucosa samples were collected for the assessment of intestinal permeability, and gene expression of tight junction proteins, toll-like receptor 4, inflammatory cytokines and intestinal alkaline ***: After 37 d, there were no differences in growth performance between control and DON-challenged groups(P > 0.05). Nevertheless, groups that received diets with binder had a significantly higher average daily gain(ADG) and average daily feed intake(ADFI) for the first 14 d as well as for the whole period, compared to groups without binder(P ≤ 0.05). Groups with binder in the diet also exhibited lower expression of toll-like receptor 4 in distal small intestinal mucosa at d14, compared to groups without binder(P ≤ 0.05). Interestingly, comparing the two DON treatments, piglets fed DON and binder had significantly higher ADFI and ADG compared to those with only DON for the first 14-d(P ≤ 0.05). Addition of binder to DON contaminated diets, also down-regulated th

关键词： Binder deoxynivalenol Gut barrier Gut health Mycotoxin Pigs

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In-situ diagnostic of femtosecond laser probe pulses for high resolution ultrafast imaging

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第7期10卷 1326-1338页

作者： Chen Xie Remi Meyer luc Froehly Remo Giust Francois Courvoisier Ultrafast Laser Laboratory Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Information Technology of Ministry of EducationSchool of Precision Instruments and Opto-electronics EngineeringTianjin University300072 TianjinChina FEMTO-ST Institute Univ.Bourgogne Franche-ComtéCNRS15B avenue des Montboucons25030 Besançon CedexFrance

Ultrafast imaging is essential in physics and chemistry to investigate the femtosecond dynamics of nonuniform samples or of phenomena with strong spatial *** relies on observing the phenomena induced by an ultrashort laser pump pulse using an ultrashort probe pulse at a later *** years have seen the emergence of very successful ultrafast imaging techniques of single non-reproducible events with extremely high frame rate,based on wavelength or spatial frequency ***,further progress in ultrafast imaging towards high spatial resolution is hampered by the lack of characterization of weak probe *** pump–probe experiments realized within solids or liquids,because of the difference in group velocities between pump and probe,the determination of the absolute pump–probe delay depends on the sample *** addition,pulse-front tilt is a widespread issue,unacceptable for ultrafast imaging,but which is conventionally very difficult to evaluate for the low-intensity probe *** we show that a pump-induced micro-grating generated from the electronic Kerr effect provides a detailed in-situ characterization of a weak probe *** allows solving the two issues of absolute pump–probe delay determination and pulse-front tilt *** approach is valid whatever the transparent medium with nonnegligible Kerr index,whatever the probe pulse polarization and *** it is nondestructive and fast to perform,this in-situ probe diagnostic can be repeated to calibrate experimental conditions,particularly in the case where complex wavelength,spatial frequency or polarization encoding is *** anticipate that this technique will enable previously inaccessible spatiotemporal imaging in a number of fields of ultrafast science at the micro-and nanoscale.

关键词： pump polarization laser

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Using nature in architecture： Building a living house with mycelium and trees

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2017年第3期6卷 318-328页

作者： Thomas Vallas luc Courard Urban and Environmental Engineering Research Unit University of Liege Liege 4000 Belgium

This study proposed the development of a house with the following characteristics： grows, builds, and repairs itself; changes with the seasons; uses the forces of nature and is in harmony with its environment; favors biodiversity and natural equilibrium; Low cost and does not require considerable workforce or industrial material; carbon free and waste free; returns to nature when no longer in use; enables sustainable and balanced mankind development. The use of Living architecture to decrease or nullify the environmental costs of structure materials was also investigated. Furthermore, the use of Living architecture techniques to comply with the current Living and construction style with as Little change as possible was analyzed. A new envelope material with Little to no carbon impact was scientifically explored, and the use of this material to create a sustainable house was technically examined. Findings demonstrate that such a house is not only feasible but also rational and beneficial from the economic and environmental perspectives.

关键词： Uving house Tree Inosculation Mycelium Envelope Temperature Substrate

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Molecular profiles to biology and pathways:a systems biology approach

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2016年第10期35卷 497-499页

作者： Steven Van Laere luc Dirix Peter Vermeulen Translational Cancer Research Unit Center for Oncological ResearchFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversity of Antwerp

Interpreting molecular profiles in a biological context requires specialized analysis strategies. Initially, lists of relevant genes were screened to identify enriched concepts associated with pathways or specific molecular processes. However, the shortcoming of interpreting gene lists by using predefined sets of genes has resulted in the development of novel methods that heavily rely on network-based concepts. These algorithms have the advantage that they allow a more holistic view of the signaling properties of the condition under study as well as that they are suitable for integrating different data types like gene expression, gene mutation, and even histological parameters.

关键词：生物学方法分子图谱系统通路相关基因分子过程数据类型基因表达

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Increased monoamine oxidase activity and imidazoline binding sites in insulin-resistant adipocytes from obese Zucker rats

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World Journal of Biological Chemistry 2022年第1期13卷 15-34页

作者： Christian Carpéné luc Marti Nathalie Morin Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires INSERMToulouse 31342France Facultéde Pharmacie de Paris Paris UniversityParis 75270France

BACKGROUND despite overt insulin resistance,adipocytes of genetically obese Zucker rats accumulate the excess of calorie intake in the form of *** To investigate whether factors can replace or reinforce insulin lipogenic action by exploring glucose uptake activation by hydrogen peroxide,since it is produced by monoamine oxidase(MAO)and semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase(SSAO)in *** 3H-2-deoxyglucose uptake(2-DG)was determined in adipocytes from obese and lean rats in response to insulin or MAO and SSAO substrates such as tyramine and benzylamine.14C-tyramine oxidation and binding of imidazolinic radioligands[3H-Idazoxan,3H-(2-benzofuranyl)-2-imidazoline]were studied in adipocytes,the liver,and *** influence of in vivo administration of tyramine+vanadium on glucose handling was assessed in lean and obese *** 2-DG uptake and lipogenesis stimulation by insulin were dampened in adipocytes from obese rats,when compared to their lean *** and benzylamine activation of hexose uptake was vanadate-dependent and was also limited,while MAO was increased and SSAO *** changes were adipocyte-specific and accompanied by a greater number of imidazoline I2 binding sites in the obese rat,when compared to the *** vitro,tyramine precluded the binding to I2 sites,while in vivo,its administration together with vanadium lowered fasting plasma levels of glucose and triacylglycerols in obese CONCLUSION The adipocytes from obese Zucker rats exhibit increased MAO activity and imidazoline binding site ***,probably as a consequence of SSAO down-regulation,the glucose transport stimulation by tyramine is decreased as much as that of insulin in these insulin-resistant *** adipocyte amine oxidases deserve more studies with respect to their putative contribution to the management of glucose and lipid handling.

关键词： Obesity Adipocyte Amine oxidases Imidazoline binding sites Creatine kinase B Idazoxan Lipogenesis Hydrogen peroxide Glucose uptake

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Numerical Simulations of Rarefied Gases in Curved Channels: Thermal Creep, Circulating Flow, and Pumping Effect

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Communications in Computational Physics 2009年第10期6卷 919-954页

作者： Kazuo Aoki Pierre degond luc Mieussens department of Mechanical Engineering and Science Graduate School of EngineeringKyoto UniversityKyoto 606-8501Japan Universite de Toulouse UPSINSAUT1UTMInstitut de Mathematiques de ToulouseF-31062 ToulouseFrance CNRS Institut de Mathematiques de Toulouse UMR 5219F-31062 ToulouseFrance Universite de Bordeaux Institut de Mathematiques de Bordeaux351cours de la Liberation33405 Talence cedexFrance

We present numerical simulations of a new system of micro-pump based on the thermal creep effect described by the kinetic theory of *** device is made of a simple smooth and curved channel with a periodic temperature *** the Boltzmann-BGK model as the governing equation for the gas flow,we develop a numerical method based on a deterministic finite volume scheme,implicit in time,with an implicit treatment of the boundary *** method is comparatively less sensitive to the slow flow velocity than the usual Direct Simulation Monte Carlo method in case of long devices,and turns out to be accurate enough to compute macroscopic quantities like the pressure field in the *** simulations show the ability of the device to produce a one-way flow that has a pumping effect.

关键词： Knudsen compressor thermal creep flow transpiration flow BGK model implicit scheme

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Going beyond 1000000 resolved points in a Brillouin distributed fiber sensor: theoretical analysis and experimental demonstration

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Light(Science & Applications) 2016年第1期5卷 788-795页

作者： Andrey denisov Marcelo A Soto luc Thévenaz EPFL Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Group for Fiber Optics(GFO)SCI-STI-LTStation 11CH-1015 LausanneSwitzerland

Distributed fiber sensing possesses the unique ability to measure the distributed profile of an environmental quantity along many tens of kilometers with spatial resolutions in the meter or even centimeter *** feature enables distributed sensors to provide a large number of resolved points using a single optical ***,in current systems,this number has remained constrained to a few hundreds of thousands due to the finite signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)of the measurements,which imposes significant challenges in the development of more performing ***,we propose and experimentally demonstrate an ultimately optimized distributed fiber sensor capable of resolving 2100000 independent points,which corresponds to a one-orderof-magnitude improvement compared to the *** a Brillouin distributed fiber sensor based on phase-modulation correlation-domain analysis combined with temporal gating of the pump and time-domain acquisition,a spatial resolution of 8.3 mm is demonstrated over a distance of 17.5 *** sensor design addresses the most relevant factors impacting the SNR and the performance of medium-to-long range sensors as well as of sub-meter spatial resolution *** step record in the number of resolved points could be reached due to two theoretical models proposed and experimentally validated in this study:one model describes the spatial resolution of the system and its relation with the sampling interval,and the other describes the amplitude response of the sensor,providing an accurate estimation of the SNR of the measurements.

关键词： distributed fiber sensors optical fibers stimulated Brillouin scattering

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基于QR码和多尺度ResNet的安全鲁棒图像数字水印技术研究

基于QR码和多尺度ResNet的安全鲁棒图像数字水印技术研究

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作者： RAVELOSON TOETRA luc 浙江工商大学

学位级别：硕士

随着现代互联网和通信技术的发展,数字多媒体得到了越来越广泛的应用。同时对多媒体内容的版权侵权行为也随之增加,增强版权保护便至关重要。图像数字水印是一种识别数字图像所有权并保护图像版权的一种重要技术手段,而不可见的图像数... 详细信息

随着现代互联网和通信技术的发展,数字多媒体得到了越来越广泛的应用。同时对多媒体内容的版权侵权行为也随之增加,增强版权保护便至关重要。图像数字水印是一种识别数字图像所有权并保护图像版权的一种重要技术手段,而不可见的图像数字隐水印,则因为不会破坏或影响图像内容而被广泛研究和应用。本文首先提出了一种基于多尺度Res Net和二维码的图像数字盲水印技术,该技术可以在图像中隐藏二维码(Quick Response,QR)水印并从中提取水印。首先使用Image Net数据集及用随机生成的字符串编码得到的二维码图像训练多尺度Res Net水印隐藏网络和显现网络,二维码水印被隐藏于图像的YCr Cb颜色空间的亮度通道。为了提高水印模型的鲁棒性,三种尺度的水印在隐藏网络的不同层次的特征图中进行了嵌入,显现网络也从三种不同尺度的特征图中提取三种尺度的水印,训练时使用课程学习技术进行了鲁棒性增强。该方法在Image Net测试集上进行了测试和验证,实验结果表明本文所提出多尺度Res Net水印隐藏网络和显现网络可以以较高质量在图像中隐藏水印并显现水印,同时又对几何变换和信号处理有较高的鲁棒性。基于前述水印网络模型,本文进一步基于关键点检测算法将上述水印隐藏网络和提取网络应用在高分辨率图像中。首先以若干个主要关键点为参照确定几个非重叠的水印嵌入区域,并对这些嵌入区域进行了位置加密,以提高水印的安全性;水印信息被加密之后生成二维码,该二维码被归一化成嵌入区域同样大小,与嵌入区域的Y通道输入水印隐藏网络获得嵌入水印的嵌入区域Y通道,将之替换原图像对应位置的区域,最终得到含水印的高分辨率图像。提取水印时,则用同样方法在含水印图像中确定水印嵌入区域,并将该区域剪切的图像块输入水印显现网络获得提取的二维码,并从二维码解码并解密出水印信息。关键点检测算法和水印隐藏和显现网络均对几何变换攻击和信号处理变换有一定的鲁棒性,而多区域嵌入则可对关键点的扰动有一定的鲁棒性。水印信息在编码前进行了加密,二维码的隐藏位置也基于用户设置的密钥进行了加密,所以该水印方案也有较高的安全性。本方法在高分辨率图像数据集上进行了测试,实验结果表明,本文所提出的基于多尺度Res Net和二维码的高分辨率图像水印方案在受信号处理和几何攻击情况下,提取水印的准确率在99%以上,在未授权时用同样方法提取水印成功率为0%,有较理想的鲁棒性和安全性。

关键词：二维码多尺度ResNet 高分辨率图像数字水印鲁棒性

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侧流化学磷酸盐沉淀对厌氧-缺氧-好氧序批式反应器主流EBPR性能的影响

侧流化学磷酸盐沉淀对厌氧-缺氧-好氧序批式反应器主流EBPR性能的...

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作者： JEAN luc HABYARIMANA 兰州交通大学

学位级别：硕士

磷(P)是人类和其他动植物生命活动所必需的营养物质,但过量的P排入水体会造成水体富营养化。据统计,现有的磷矿储量预计将在未来50-100年耗尽,本试验以生活污水为研究对象,采用侧流磷回收技术与反硝化除磷工艺相结合的方法,同时实现磷... 详细信息

磷(P)是人类和其他动植物生命活动所必需的营养物质,但过量的P排入水体会造成水体富营养化。据统计,现有的磷矿储量预计将在未来50-100年耗尽,本试验以生活污水为研究对象,采用侧流磷回收技术与反硝化除磷工艺相结合的方法,同时实现磷回收和生物除磷。主要研究结果如下文所述。实验第一阶段,经过为期28天的交替厌氧/好氧运行模式驯化,SBR反应器内完成聚磷菌(PAOs)的富集。结果表明,驯化末期磷的释放量保持在25mg/L左右,出水PO-P浓度几乎为零,除磷效率保持在99%以上,反应器除磷性能良好;与此同时,随着驯化和富集时间延长,好氧阶段COD降解量逐步下降,大部分COD在厌氧段被聚磷菌吸收利用,说明系统内异养微生物逐渐减少,PAOs逐步增多。实验第二阶段,SBR的运行模式调整为交替厌氧/缺氧/好氧(A/A/O),并通过逐步提高电子受体NON浓度驯化富集反硝化除磷菌(DPAOs)。结果表明,NO-N浓度为2mg/L和5mg/L时,厌氧阶段平均释磷量分别为25.3mg/L和26.8mg/L,缺氧除磷率分别为36.0%和52.5%,缺氧末期NO-N含量则几乎为零,表明电子受体投加不足。NO-N浓度提高到10mg/L,厌氧末磷的释放量稳定在26.8mg/L左右,缺氧除磷性能提高至70.7%,表明添加10mg/L的NO-N对P有很好的去除效果。实验第三阶段,在交替A/A/O模式运行的SBR厌氧末期提取一定富磷上清液,探究不同Fe/P比和AL/P比条件下侧流磷回收对主流EBPR系统除磷性能的影响,并确定最佳侧流反应条件。结果表明,侧流最佳反应温度、搅拌速度和反应时间分别是25℃、150rpm和60min,铁源反应体系的最适p H值为7,铝源反应体系的最适p H值为6,且XRD分析确定磷回收产物为Fe PO和Al PO。在Fe/P和AL/P比值分别为1、2、3和4条件下的长期侧流磷回收实验表明,Fe/P比值为3,Al/P比值为2是P回收的最佳投加量,PO-P平均去除效率分别为40.3%和42.3%。研究还发现,Fe/P比的增加导致体系中存在铁盐残留,但不影响磷的释放和吸收,说明微生物活性不受其影响。然而,AL/P比的增加会抑制污泥中微生物的生长代谢,导致污泥沉降性能下降和活性污泥的解体。停止侧流磷回收并使系统在厌氧/好氧条件下运行,主流系统的除磷性能在8天后迅速恢复,去除率达到96.9%,说明过量投加铝盐导致的微生物活性抑制能够得以恢复。

关键词：侧流磷回收反硝化除磷 EBPR 水体富营养化

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Diagnosis of prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Urology 2019年第2期6卷 129-136页

作者： Jean-luc descotes University Hospital of Grenoble CHU de GrenobleCS 1021738043 Grenoble cedex 9France

Diagnosis of prostate cancer(PCa)and adequate staging play a fundamental role for clinical and patient *** major advances in biology and imaging,rectal examination and prostate-specific antigen(PSA)blood test remain the cornerstone for screening,and multiparametricmagnetic resonance imaging(mpMRI)for local *** advances in mpMRI lead to standardised interpretation and increased prescription by clinicians in order to improve detection of clinically significant PCa and select patients requiring targeted *** its indication remains controversial in biopsy-naǐve *** medicine is also in a continuous evolution and utilisation of new radiopharmaceutical agent like choline or 68gallium with computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging has led to the improvement in the detection of lymph nodes,distant metastases and prostate *** this very heterogneneous disease,combined utilisation of these tools will help clinicians and patients in choosing the most appropriate and personalised treatment.

关键词： Prostate cancer Staging Prostate-specific antigen Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging Markers

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