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Practice of Barrier Measures against COVID-19 Among Diabetic People Followed at Departmental University Hospital Center Ouémé-Plateau, Benin, in 2021

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Open Journal of epidemiology 2024年第2期14卷 249-259页

作者： Yèssito Corine Nadège Houehanou Armand Wanvoègbe Akouodé Thomas Hounto luc Béhanzin Maurice Agonnoudé David Houéto Thierry Adoukonou National School of Public Health (eNATSe) University of Parakou Parakou Benin Department of Internal Medicine University Departmental Hospital Ou&#233me-Plateau Porto-Novo Benin

Introduction: COVID-19 is a pandemic disease caused by the coronavirus SARS-COV2 appeared in China in 2019. The aim of the study was to evaluate the practice of barrier measures against COVID-19 and to identify associated factors among diabetics followed at Departmental University Hospital Center Ouémé-Plateau, Benin, in 2021. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from June to August 2021, including diabetics aged 18 and over, hospitalized or received for medical visits in the department of medicine at the target hospital. Data were collected during an interview with each participant thanks to a questionnaire. “Good practice” was defined as regular practice of at least two of three barrier measures: hand washing, physical distancing and mask-wearing. Results: A total of 110 diabetics were included with a female predominance (55.5%) and a mean age of 57 ± 11.3 years. Among them, 89.1% washed their hands, 41.8% respected physical distancing and 12.7% wore a mask. The proportion of good practice was 47.3%. Only 5 practiced the three barrier measures. Only age group was associated with good practice. Conclusion: The study showed a low proportion of good practice of barrier measures against COVID-19 among diabetic people surveyed. It is important to continue the action for COVID-19 prevention among diabetic people in the targeted hospital and in other hospitals in Benin.

关键词： COVID-19 Barrier Measures Practice Diabetic People Benin

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TRPV1 and TRPA1 in cutaneous neurogenic and chronic inflammation： pro-inflammatory response induced by their activation and their sensitization

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Protein & Cell 2017年第9期8卷 644-661页

作者： Olivier Gouin Killian L'Herondelle Nicolas lebonvallet Christelle le Gall-lanotto Mehdi Sakka Virginie Buhe emmanuelle PIee-Gautier Jean-luc Carre luc le.e.vre Laurent Misery~,Raphaele le Garrec Laboratory on Interaction Neurons-Keratinocytes (LINK) University of Western Brittany 29200 Brest France Uriage Dermatological Laboratories 92400 Courbevoie France

Cutaneous neurogenic inflammation （CNI） is inflammation that is induced （or enhanced） in the skin by the release of neuropeptides from sensory nerve endings. Clinical manifestations are mainly sensory and vascular disorders such as pruritus and erythema. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 and ankyrin 1 （TRPV1 and TRPA1, respectively） are non-selective cation channels known to specifically participate in pain and CNI. Both TRPV1 and TRPA1 are co-expressed in a large subset of sensory nerves, where they integrate numerous noxious stimuli. It is now clear that the expression of both channels also extends far beyond the sensory nerves in the skin, occuring also in keratinocytes, mast cells, dendritic cells, and endothelial cells. In these non-neu- ronal cells, TRPV1 and TRPA1 also act as nociceptive sensors and potentiate the inflammatory process. This review discusses the role of TRPV1 and TRPA1 in the modulation of inflammatory genes that leads to or maintains CNI in sensory neurons and non-neuronal skin cells. In addition, this review provides a summary of current research on the intracellular sensitization pathways of both TRP channels by other endogenous inflammatory mediators that promote the self-maintenance of CNI.

关键词： sensory nervenflammation inflammatory geneneurogenic skinregulation pruritus

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Select indicators and prioritize solutions for desertification and drought in Binh Thuan,Vietnam

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and environment 2016年第2期16卷 123-132页

作者： le Trinh Hai Anne Gobin luc Hens Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Institute of Geography Remote Sensing Department Flemish Institute for Technological Research(VITO)

The link between climate change and desertification is an important global problem for the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC) and the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification(UNCCD).The coastal provinces in Southern Centre Vietnam are strongly influenced by desertification,which is further exacerbated by climate *** Delphi method was used to select sustainability indicators and then a method of an analytical hierarchy process was applied to prioritize sustainable solutions in Binh Thuan experts to elicit the causes and effects of *** to the panel of 23 experts,27 cause(*** and sunshine duration) and 22 effect(*** and agriculture) indicators were of particular importance to desertification and drought in the *** highest priorities for cause are given to emigration,followed by income from industry and water supply for household *** highest priorities for effect in the area are given to socioeconomic criteria,and in particular to the sub-criteria resettlement due to development projects,building hydropower reservoirs,and implementing irrigation *** system of indicators provides useful information for the future *** study provides a means to uncover the most important criteria perceived as major contributors to desertification and as such enables policy-makers to prioritize solutions for Binh Thuan(Vietnam) by 2015 and a vision in 2020.

关键词： Sustainable assessment Delphi process analytical hierarchy process Binh Thuan province desertification

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Process conditions for preparing well-defined nano- and microparticles as delivery systems of alkyl gallates

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Particuology 2019年第3期17卷 105-116页

作者： Asma Chebil Denis Funfschilling Jean-luc Six Cécile Nouvel Alain Durand Michèle Léonard Universite de Lorraine CNRS LCPM F-54000 Nancy France Universite de Lorraine CNRS LRGP F-54000 Nancy France Universite de Strasbourg CNRS ICube F-67000 Strasbourg France

Dextran-covered poly(D,L-lactide) (PLA) nano-and microparticles were prepared using an emulsion/solvent evaporation (or diffusion) process for the encapsulation of alkyl gallates (AGs).In the first step,a solution of PLA and AG in ethyl acetate was emulsified to give an aqueous phase containing a hydrophobically modified dextran,which acted as a *** second step involved solvent evaporation or *** emulsification conditions were varied,which allowed for the preparation of nanoand microparticle suspensions covering a wide range of surface-average particle diameters from 0.1 μm (sonication) to 500 μm (stirring with a magnetic bar),with narrow and reproducible size *** microfluidic emulsification in a flow-focusing system led to well-defined microparticles,in the 10-50 μm *** loaded with octyl gallate (OG) and nonyl gallate (NG) were obtained using the three processes,and we showed that the encapsulation efficiency of OG and NG varied significantly depending on the emulsification *** effect of particle size on the mechanism of in vitro release of encapsulated AGs was *** kinetics of release were controlled either by Fickian diffusion within the solid core or swelling and hydrolytic degradation of the PLA matrix,depending on the pH of the external medium.

关键词： emulsion/solvent evaporation Dextran Poly(D.L-lactide) encapsulation Release Alkyl gallate

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Mercury levels Assessment in the Population of Aby and Frambo Villages in the Vinicity of Aby Lagoon in Côte d’Ivoire (West Africa)

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2024年第3期16卷 219-232页

作者： Stéphane Jean Claon Serge Kouakou Kouassi Nina Laurette Ahouéfa Laurent Kipré Seri Arsène M’bassidjé Seka Joseph Allico Djaman luc Kouakou Kouadio Analytical Sciences and Public Health Department University of Félix Houphou&eumlt-Boigny Abidjan C&ocircte d'Ivoire Water Quality Control and Analysis Laboratory (LACQUe) Office National de l’Eau Potable (ONEP) Abidjan C&ocircte d’Ivoire Biology and Health Laboratory University of Félix Houphou&eumlt-Boigny Abidjan C&ocircte d’Ivoire Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety Department of Science and Food Technology Nangui Abrogoua University Abidjan C&ocircte d'Ivoire Department of Medical and Fundamental Biochemistry Institut Pasteur of C&ocircte d'Ivoire Abidjan C&ocircte d’Ivoire Laboratory of environmental Sciences (LSe) University of Nangui Abrogoua Abidjan C&ocircte d’Ivoire

The Minamata Convention in the aim to protect human life and the environment, seeks to reduce mercury (Hg) by monitoring it concentrations in the environment. Artisanal and Small-scale Gold Mining (ASGM) has been identified as the most important anthropogenic source of human exposure to Hg. In this context, the main goal of this study was to assess the level of mercury in hair of two (2) populations living along two lagoons respectively Aby and Tendo, in Ivory Coast. To reach this goal, hair samples of 138 residents were collected and analyzed by using Cold Vapor Atomic Fluorescence Spectrophotometry (CV-AFS) technique for mercury concentration. Results showed that for the entire population the Hg mean was 2.34 μg/g. Also, they were ranged between 0.15 to 8.53 μg/g and presented substantial differences amongst the villages. In Aby village, we observed the highest Hg concentrations (Mean = 2.62 μg/g). Our findings showed that almost the entire sample group (82%) exceed the USePA recommended limit, furthermore 56% of them exceed the normal level of WHO and 2% of the respondent has the unhealthy levels of mercury (≥6 μg Hg/g) of hair by WHO standards. Gender differences in hair mercury varies greatly among reports. Lower levels in women’s hair compared to men were reported in the both village. Considering age, the lowest concentrations were observed with children. However, when we take in account the age groups, data suggested that the most exposed sub-population of [18-29] years old is from Aby village in opposite at Frambo village, the same case those who were ≥ 40 years old. It’s convenient to note that, the proportion of Mercury levels would not to be neglected among studied population especially with the resident from Aby village. So, some measures need to be taken at the political level to control mercury contamination.

关键词： Mercury Hair ASGM Population exposure Côte d’Ivoire

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Assessment of Selenium Contamination in Sediments of the Aby and Tendo Lagoons in Côte d’Ivoire

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International Journal of Geosciences 2024年第4期15卷 334-349页

作者： Stéphane Jean Claon Kouakou Serge Kouassi Kossonou Roland N’Guettia M’bassidjé Arsène Seka Guei Jokebed Dakouo Allico Joseph Djaman Kouakou luc Kouadio Analytical Sciences and Public Health Department University of F&#233lix Houphou&#235t-Boigny Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire Water Quality Control and Analysis Laboratory (LACQUe) Office National de l&#8217Eau Potable (ONEP) Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire Biology and Health Laboratory University of F&#233lix Houphou&#235t-Boigny Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire Laboratory of environmental Sciences (LSe) University of Nangui Abrogoua Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire Department of Medical and Fundamental Biochemistry Institut Pasteur of C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire

Selenium is a trace element that can have both beneficial and harmful effects on aquatic life. The Aby Lagoon is a coastal environment in Côte d’Ivoire that receives selenium inputs from various natural and anthropogenic sources. The aim of this study was to assess the levels of selenium in the sediments of the Aby Lagoon and its tributaries, the Tanoe River and the Tendo Lagoon, and to examine the spatial and seasonal variations of selenium concentrations. Sediment samples were collected from different sites and seasons, and selenium concentrations were measured by atomic fluorescence spectrometry. The results showed that the average concentration of selenium in the sediments of the Aby Lagoon was 0.82 mg/kg, indicating moderate contamination. The concentration of selenium varied between sites and seasons, with higher values in the channel of the Tendo Lagoon and during the dry season. The study highlighted the complexity of selenium dynamics in aquatic ecosystems, and the need to take into account seasonal and spatial variability as well as interactions between environmental factors. The study also suggested potential ecotoxicological risks for some sensitive organisms in certain areas of the lagoon. This study contributes to the knowledge of the dynamics of selenium in lagoon ecosystems and to the assessment of the environmental risks associated with its presence.

关键词： Tropical estuarine Selenium Sediments Aby Lagoon Seasonal Distribution

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Assessment of Nitrates and Nitrites in Borehole Water from the Southern and the Northern Region of Côte d’Ivoire (West Africa)

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Open Journal of Modern Hydrology 2024年第2期14卷 87-105页

作者： Jean Stéphane Claon Kouassi Kouakou Serge Sérikipré Laurent Seka M’Bassidjé Arsène N’Guettia Kossonou Roland Traoré Aïcha Djamanallico Joseph Kouadio Kouakou luc Analytical Sciences and Public Health Department University of Félix Houphou&#235t-Boigny Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Water Quality Control and Analysis Laboratory (LACQUe) Office National de l’Eau Potable (ONEP) Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Biology and Health Laboratory University of Félix Houphou&#235t-Boigny Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Department of Medical and Fundamental Biochemistry Institut Pasteur of C&#244te d’Ivoire Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Laboratory of environmental Sciences (LSe) University of Nangui Abrogoua Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

This study aimed to evaluate the quality of water from village boreholes by measuring physicochemical parameters such as nitrates, nitrites, and total organic carbon (TOC). Forty-five (45) village pumps from the Southern (Basse Côte) and the Northern (Korhogo) region of Cte d’Ivoire (west Africa) were sampled. Physicochemical parameters such as temperature, pH, conductivity at 25˚C, and turbidity were determined in situ, while nitrite and nitrate were analyzed according to ISO 10304-1 (2007) standard and total organic carbon (TOC) by NF eN 1484 (1997) standard. The results showed that the borehole waters of the Basse Côte and Korhogo analyzed are acidic, with an average temperature of 27.51˚C ± 0.16˚C and 29.95˚C ± 0.51˚C respectively for the Basse Côte and Korhogo regions. The borehole waters of the Basse Côtedo not contain nitrites, while those of Korhogo have average nitrite contents of 0.32 mg/l. The average nitrate rate in the waters of the Basse Côte and Korhogo are 12.08 ± 2.11 mg/l and 11.03 ± 3.18 mg/l respectively. The average TOC concentration of the waters of the Basse Côte is 1.28 ± 0.32 mg/l and that of Korhogo is 0.56 ± 0.09 mg/L. The study showed that the borehole waters of the Basse Côte and Korhogo have average temperatures between 27.4˚C and 29.95˚C with a slightly acidic pH value and acceptable salinity. The TOC concentrations obtained at the different sampling points were all below the French standard (2 mg/L) except for certains pumps of the Basse Côte. The water samples from the Basse Côte were devoid of nitrite. On the other hand, those from Korhogo revealed the presence of nitrite. Also, the borehole waters of the regions of the Basse Côte and Korhogo contain relatively high nitrate contents, presumably due to anthropometric activity. Overall, our study on the quality of drinking water showed that the waters analyzed are in compliance with international standards and safe for consumption.

关键词： Drinking Water pH Turbidity TOC Nitrates Nitrites Health effect

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Impact of a Mass Campaign on the evolution of the Fourth Wave of the Covid-19 Pandemic in the Central African Republic

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2024年第3期12卷 142-150页

作者： Clotaire Donatien Rafaï Pierre Somse Wilfrid Sylvain Nambei ernest Lango-Yaya Marie-Roseline Darnycka Belizaire Ulrich Vickos Narcisse Patrice Komas Oscar Senzongo luc Salva Heredeibona Ulrich Jeffrey Kotemossoua Rabbi Mermoz Senekian Simon Pounguinza Jephté estimé Kaleb Christian-Diamant Mossoro-Kpinde Alain le Faou Jean De Dieu Longo Norbert Richard Ngbale Abdoulaye Sepou François-Xavier Mbopi-Keou Gérard Grésenguet Boniface Koffi National Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Public Health Bangui Central African Republic Faculty of Health Sciences University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Ministry of Health and Population Bangui Central African Republic World Health Organization Bangui Central African Republic Pasteur Institute of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Faculty of Medicine Midwifery and Health Professions University of Lorraine Nancy France Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroun Community University Hospital Center of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic

Objective: In the context of increasing cases despite vaccination campaigns, a survey was conducted in the Bangui population from January 17 to 26, 2022, to evaluate the strains of Severe Acute Respiratory Infection Coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) circulating in a healthy population. Materials and methods: This study was conducted by taking nasopharyngeal samples from randomly selected volunteers. Antigen detection was performed systematically, and RT-PCR was done on the positive samples. Results and discussion: We collected 2,554 samples. Thirty were found RT-PCR positive (1.2%) and sent for viral genome sequencing. Twenty-eight SARS-Cov-2 strains belonged to the Omicron type, and only 2 to the Delta type. Conclusion: Thus, infections were uncommon in the tested population, but the presence of Omicron and Delta types raises concerns that vaccination may not be effective in fighting the virus, and newly designed vaccines should be implemented to better protect the population at risk of infection and reinfection by these variants.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Variants

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ABOUT TWO TYPeS OF MICROSTRUCTUReS ADAPTeD TO HeAT eVACUATION AND eLASTIC STReSS:SNOW FLAKeS AND QUASI-CRYSTALS

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2012年第1期32卷 84-108页

作者： luc Tartar Department of Mathematical Sciences Carnegie Mellon University

I first met Constantine Dafermos in August 1974, at a meeting at Brown University, where I was invited because my former advisor （Jacques-Louis LIONS） could not come, and he had proposed my name. I was happily surprised that Constantine greeted me as if he knew me well, and since for many years now I have considered him as if he was an older brother, I wonder when this feeling started.

关键词： ABOUT TWO TYPeS OF MICROSTRUCTUReS ADAPTeD TO HeAT eVACUATION AND eLASTIC STReSS

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Severe asthma exacerbation:Changes in patient characteristics,management,and outcomes from 1997 to 2016 in 40 ICUs in the greater Paris area

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Journal of Intensive Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 209-215页

作者： Romy Younan Jean Loup Augy Bertrand Hermann Bertrand Guidet Philippe Aegerter emmanuel Guerot Ana Novara Caroline Hauw-Berlemont Amer Hamdan Clotilde Bailleul Francesca Santi Jean-luc Diehl Nicolas Peron Nadia Aissaoui Intensive Care Unit AP-HPGeorges Pompidou European HospitalUniversitéde ParisParisFrance Intensive Care Unit AP-HPSaint Antoine HospitalUniversités de SorbonneUniversitéPierre et Marie CurieParisFrance INSeRM U1136 ParisFrance Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines University INSERM U1018Groupe Interrégional de Recherche Clinique et d'InnovationÎle-de-FranceFrance Respiratory Medicine Department AP-HPGeorges Pompidou European HospitalUniversitéde ParisParisFrance Innovative Therapies in Hemostasis INSERM UMR-S1140Universitéde ParisParisFrance Intensive Care Unit and Biosurgical Research Lab(Carpentier Foundation) AP-HPGeorges Pompidou European HospitalParisFrance Paris-Cardiovascular-Research-Center INSERM U970ParisFrance

Background Despite advances in asthma treatments,severe asthma exacerbation(SAe)remains a life-threatening condition in adults,and there is a lack of data derived from adult patients admitted to intensive care units(ICUs)for *** current study investigated changes in adult patient characteristics,management,and outcomes of SAe over a 20-year period in 40 ICUs in the greater Paris *** In this retrospective observational study,admissions to 40 ICUs in the greater Paris area for SAe from January 1,1997,to December 31,2016 were *** primary outcome was the proportion of ICU admissions for SAe during 5-year *** outcomes were ICU and hospital mortality,and the use of mechanical ventilation and *** analysis was performed to assess factors associated with ICU *** A total of 7049 admissions for SAe were *** each 5-year period,the proportion decreased over time,with SAe accounting for 2.84%of total ICU admissions(n=2841)between 1997 and 2001,1.76%(n=1717)between 2002 and 2006,1.05%(n=965)between 2007 and 2011,and 1.05%(n=1526)between 2012 and *** median age was 46 years(interquartile range[IQR]:32–59 years),55.41%were female,the median Simplified Acute Physiology Score II was 20(IQR:13–28),and 19.76%had mechanical *** use of mechanical ventilation remained infrequent throughout the 20-year period,whereas the use of catecholamine *** and hospital mortality rates *** associated with ICU mortality were renal replacement therapy,catecholamine,cardiac arrest,pneumothorax,acute respiratory distress syndrome,sepsis,and invasive mechanical ventilation(IMV).Non-survivors were older,had more severe symptoms,and were more likely to have received *** ICU admission for SAe remains uncommon,and the proportion of cases decreased over *** a slight increase in symptom severity during a 20-year period,ICU and hospital mortality *** requirin

关键词： epidemiology Intensive care unit Mechanical ventilation Severe asthma exacerbation

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