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Characterization and Functionalisation of Activated Carbon for the Enhancement of Enzyme Catalyst Activity

材料科学与工程（中英文B版） 2021年第2期11卷 81-87页

作者： Nassereldeen A Kabbashi Yara Hunud Abia Kadouf Ibrahim Adebayo Bello Elwathig M.Saeed lubna mohamed musa Nassereldeen Ahmed Kabbashi Bioenvironmental Engineering Research Centre(BERC) Department of Biotechnology Engineering(BTE)Kulliyyah of Engineering(KOE)International Islamic University Malaysia(IIUM)P.O.Box 10Gombak 50728KLMalaysia International Institute for Halal Research and Training(INHART) IIUM GombakKLMalaysia Department of Horticultural Sciences Faculty of AgricultureGezira UniversitySudan 不详

Background and objective:Activated carbon is commonly used as an immobilisation matrix due to its large surface area,making it a highly desirable matrix for use in immobilising enzymes as preparation for use on the industrial *** objective of this research is to determine the effectiveness of different acids for functionalisation on immobilisation capacity and also to characterize the functionalized activated carbon for the functional groups *** and methods:Activated carbon was functionalised with three acids(hydrochloric acid,nitric acid and sulphuric acid)along with a control sample washed with distilled *** capacity was calculated with hydrochloric acid functionalized activated carbon(HCl-FAC)giving the highest immobilization capacity(6.022 U/g).Characterisation of the functionalised activated carbon was conducted using FT-IR(Fourier Transform Infra-Red)spectroscopy analysis of the samples with the aim of analyzing the various functional groups present to determine the sample with distinct characteristics thus telling the degree of adsorption of lipase onto the activated carbon ***:HNO3-FAC(functionalized activated carbon)showed a very distinct pattern as a larger number of surface functional groups *** immobilisation on a matrix ensures thermal stability and increased reusability of the ***,in this research,lipase sourced from Candida antarctica was immobilised on acid functionalised activated *** best acid for functionalisation was found to be hydrochloric ***:Due to the very distinct patterns shown by the FT-IR spectrum of the HNO3-FAC after a fair comparison with others,it allows for a larger number of surface functional groups which will definitely enhance the stability of the enzyme lipase.

关键词： Activated carbon characterization functionalized activated carbon enzyme activity

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Spotted Hyena Optimizer with Deep Learning Driven Cybersecurity for Social Networks

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第5期45卷 2033-2047页

作者： Anwer Mustafa Hilal Aisha Hassan Abdalla Hashim Heba G.mohamed lubna A.Alharbi mohamed K.Nour Abdullah mohamed Ahmed S.Almasoud Abdelwahed Motwakel Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering International Islamic University MalaysiaKuala Lumpur53100Malaysia Department of Computer and Self Development Preparatory Year DeanshipPrince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-Kharj16278Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering College of EngineeringPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computers and Information TechnologyTabuk UniversityTabuk47512Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Sciences College of Computing and Information SystemUmm Al-Qura UniversityMecca24382Saudi Arabia Research Centre Future University in EgyptNew Cairo11845Egypt Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrince Sultan UniversityRiyadh12435Saudi Arabia

Recent developments on Internet and social networking have led to the growth of aggressive language and hate *** provocation,abuses,and attacks are widely termed cyberbullying(CB).The massive quantity of user generated content makes it difficult to recognize *** advancements in machine learning(ML),deep learning(DL),and natural language processing(NLP)tools enable to detect and classify CB in social *** this view,this study introduces a spotted hyena optimizer with deep learning driven cybersecurity(SHODLCS)model for *** presented SHODLCS model intends to accomplish cybersecurity from the identification of CB in the *** achieving this,the SHODLCS model involves data pre-processing and TF-IDF based feature *** addition,the cascaded recurrent neural network(CRNN)model is applied for the identification and classification of ***,the SHO algorithm is exploited to optimally tune the hyperparameters involved in the CRNN model and thereby results in enhanced classifier *** experimental validation of the SHODLCS model on the benchmark dataset portrayed the better outcomes of the SHODLCS model over the recent approaches.

关键词： Cybersecurity cyberbullying online social network deep learning spotted hyena optimizer

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Comparative study of the characterisation and extraction techniques of polyphenolic compounds from Acacia seyal gum

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Food Quality and Safety 2022年第1期6卷 24-33页

作者： Ahmed A.M.Elnour mohamed E.S.Mirghani Nassereldeen A.Kabbashi Khalid Hamid musa Fahimeh Shahabipour Nureddin Ashammakhi Nour Hamid Abdurahman International Institute for Halal Research and Training International Islamic University MalaysiaKuala LumpurMalaysia Bioenvironmental Engineering Research Centre Biotechnology Engineering DepartmentKuliyah of EngineeringInternational Islamic University MalaysiaKuala LumpurMalaysia Institute of Gum Arabic&Desertification Studies University of KordofanElobiedSudan Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition College of Agriculture and Veterinary MedicineQassim UniversityBuraydahKingdom of SaudiArabia Skin Research Centre Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Department of Bioengineering Henry Samueli School of EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA Department of Biomedical Engineering College of EngineeringMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMIUSA Centre of Excellence for Advanced Research in Fluid Flow University Malaysia PahangGambangMalaysia

Background Acacia seyal gum(ASG)is an abundant source of natural polyphenolic compounds(NPPCs)and antioxidant activity with numerous benefits and is often used in cancer *** type of extraction technique can significantly impact the yield and isolation of NPPCs from *** traditional use of maceration extraction reportedly yields fewer *** This study investigated five extraction techniques for NPPCs and ASG antioxidant activity,namely:homogenisation,shaking,ultrasonication,magneticstirring,*** and methods The evaluation of the antioxidant activity(AoA)of the extracted NPPCs from ASG used five assays,namely:total flavonoids content,Folin-Ciocalteu index,2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity,ferric reducing antioxidant power,and cupric *** To minimise the data set dimensionality requires principal component *** ultrasonic and maceration techniques were the best techniques to extract NPPCs and examine the AoA of ASG,with a high correlation between the NPPCs and ***,the maceration process was slow(12 h)compared to ultrasonication(1 h).Slow extraction can result in a decline of the NPPCs due to polyphenol oxidase-enzyme and impact *** These findings provide an essential guide for the choice of extraction techniques for the effective extraction of NPPCs from ASG and other plant materials.

关键词： Polyphenolic extraction gum Arabic comparison of techniques principal component analysis ultrasonication

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Improved Bat Algorithm with Deep Learning-Based Biomedical ECG Signal Classification Model

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第2期74卷 3151-3166页

作者： Marwa Obayya Nadhem NEMRI lubna A.Alharbi mohamed K.Nour Mrim M.Alnfiai Mohammed Abdullah Al-Hagery Nermin M.Salem Mesfer Al Duhayyim Department of Biomedical Engineering College of EngineeringPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems College of Science and Art at MahayilKing Khalid UniversitySaudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computers and Information TechnologyTabuk UniversitySaudi Arabia Department of Computer Sciences College of Computing and Information SystemUmm Al-Qura UniversitySaudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif21944Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of ComputerQassim UniversitySaudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyFuture University in EgyptNew Cairo11835Egypt Department of Computer Science College of Sciences and Humanities-AflajPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversitySaudi Arabia

With new developments experienced in Internet of Things(IoT),wearable,and sensing technology,the value of healthcare services has *** evolution has brought significant changes from conventional medicine-based healthcare to real-time observation-based *** Electrocardiogram(ECG)signals are generally utilized in examination and diagnosis of Cardiovascular Diseases(CVDs)since it is quick and non-invasive in *** to increasing number of patients in recent years,the classifier efficiency gets reduced due to high variances observed in ECG signal patterns obtained from *** such scenario computer-assisted automated diagnostic tools are important for classification of ECG *** current study devises an Improved Bat Algorithm with Deep Learning Based Biomedical ECGSignal Classification(IBADL-BECGC)*** accomplish this,the proposed IBADL-BECGC model initially pre-processes the input ***,IBADL-BECGC model applies NasNet model to derive the features from test ECG *** addition,Improved Bat Algorithm(IBA)is employed to optimally fine-tune the hyperparameters related to NasNet ***,Extreme Learning Machine(ELM)classification algorithm is executed to perform ECG classification *** presented IBADL-BECGC model was experimentally validated utilizing benchmark *** comparison study outcomes established the improved performance of IBADL-BECGC model over other existing methodologies since the former achieved a maximum accuracy of 97.49%.

关键词： Data science ECG signals improved bat algorithm deep learning biomedical data data classification machine learning

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Effect of Health Education Program on Self-Efficacy and Functional Capacity of Patients with Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery in Khartoum State-Sudan, 2015-2019

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2023年第12期13卷 167-180页

作者： mohamed Idriss Yahya musa Egbal Abbashar Algamar Manal Elzein musa Ismail Osama mohamed Elsanousi Amair Siddig Alhussein Zeinab Abaker Ahmed Omer Abdalgabar musa Hassan Assistant Professor in Medical-Surgical Nursing Department of Nursing Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences Buraydah College Buraydah KSA Associate professor in Pediatrics Nursing & Child Health Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences Buraydah College Buraydah KSA Assistant Professor in Obstetric & Gynecological Nursing Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences Buraydah College Buraydah KSA Associate Professor and HoD Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine National Ribat University Khartoum Sudan Assistant Professor of Surgery Faculty of Medicine National Ribat University and a Cardiac Surgeon at Ahmed Qassim Hospital Khartoum Sudan Assistant Professor in Obstetric & Gynecological Nursing Faculty of Nursing Sciences Alneelain University Khartoum Sudan PhD Candidate Medical Surgical Nursing Hamad Medical Corporation Faculty of Nursing Science Qatar-Omdurman Islamic University Khartoum Sudan

Coronary heart disease is among the most prevalent and costly of all global health problems. Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) has been increasingly used since the 1960s. Coronary heart disease is a leading cause of death worldwide, including Sudan. Self-efficacy and functional capacity is a critical factor for quality of life in patients who has undergone CABG as well as for their caregivers from their families. Aim of the Study: To explore the effects of an educational program on self-efficacy and functional capacity of patients after CABG. 1) There will be no significant difference between the intervention group and control group concerning knowledge regarding Self-efficacy and functional capacity post CABG surgery. 2) The application of our educational program for the patients will enhance the patients with CABG surgery and improve knowledge about Self-efficacy and functional capacity post CABG surgery. 3) There are some socio demographic factors that affect the response to the educational program. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental, interventional and hospital-based study, including pre-test, a post-test and follow-up test, with a control group, conducted during the period from September 2014 to June 2019. Patients were recruited consecutively to the cases and control group using convenience sampling. The sample consisted of 76 patients;41 as cases and 35 as control group. The sample included those who had undergone CABG in Khartoum State. Relevant data were collected using a checklist to monitor the effect of a health education program on self-efficacy and functional capacity of the patients. Result: The results showed marked improvement in patients’ self-efficacy and functional capacity between pretest and posttest for the study group;p-value = (0.001) in the health status of cases in comparison to the control group. The indices were observed to be higher for patients who received a nursing educational program throughout the study period;p-value = (0

关键词： Education Program Self-Efficacy Functional Capacity Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery

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Insight into molecular mechanisms underlying hepatic dysfunction in severe COVID-19 patients using systems biology

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第21期27卷 2850-2870页

作者： Sarah musa Hammoudeh Arabella musa Hammoudeh Poorna Manasa Bhamidimarri Bassam Mahboub Rabih Halwani Qutayba Hamid mohamed Rahmani Rifat Hamoudi Sharjah Institute for Medical Research College of MedicineUniversity of SharjahSharjah 27272United Arab Emirates College of Medicine University of SharjahSharjah 27272United Arab Emirates General Surgery Department Tawam HospitalSEHAAl-Ain 15258United Arab Emirates Rashid Hospital 315 Umm Hurair SecondDubai Health AuthorityDubai 4545United Arab Emirates Meakins-Christie Laboratories McGill UniversityQuebec H4A 3J1MontrealCanada Division of Surgery and Interventional Science University College LondonLondon W1W 7TYUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),a pandemic contributing to more than 105 million cases and more than 2.3 million deaths worldwide,was described to be frequently accompanied by extrapulmonary manifestations,including liver *** dysfunction and elevated liver enzymes were observed in about 53%of COVID-19 *** To gain insight into transcriptional abnormalities in liver tissue of severe COVID-19 patients that may result in liver *** The transcriptome of liver autopsy samples from severe COVID-19 patients against those of non-COVID donors was *** expressed genes were identified from normalized RNA-seq data and analyzed for the enrichment of functional clusters and *** differentially expressed genes were then compared against the genetic signatures of liver diseases including cirrhosis,fibrosis,non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),and hepatitis A/B/*** expression of some differentially expressed genes was assessed in the blood samples of severe COVID-19 patients with liver dysfunction using *** Analysis of the differential transcriptome of the liver tissue of severe COVID-19 patients revealed a significant upregulation of transcripts implicated in tissue remodeling including G-coupled protein receptors family genes,DNAJB1,IGF2,EGFR,and ***,the differential transcriptome of severe COVID-19 liver tissues substantially overlapped with the disease signature of liver diseases characterized with pathological tissue remodeling(liver cirrhosis,Fibrosis,NAFLD,and hepatitis A/B/C).Moreover,we observed a significant suppression of transcripts implicated in metabolic pathways as well as mitochondrial function,including cytochrome P450 family members,ACAD11,CIDEB,GNMT,and ***,drug and xenobiotics metabolism pathways are significantly suppressed suggesting a decrease in liver detoxification *** correspondence with the RNA-seq data analysis,we observ

关键词： COVID-19 Hepatic dysfunction Tissue remodeling Metabolic pathways Drug metabolism Hepatic detoxification

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Gross and Microscopic Lesions of the Ovaries of Camels from Abattoirs in Eastern Province of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

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Open Journal of Pathology 2022年第1期12卷 1-11页

作者： Adel I. Al-Afaleq Abdel Gadir musa Homeida Seif Eldawla Mustafa Barakat mohamed Salim Moqbel College of Public Health Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam KSA Department of Biology College of Science Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam KSA Department of Anatomy College of Veterinary Medicine King Faisal University Al-Ahsa KSA Department of Pathology College of Veterinary Medicine King Faisal University Al-Ahsa KSA

In the present investigation, gross and microscopic lesions of the ovaries were studied in two hundred and ten (210) adult non-pregnant she-camels. Fresh samples of ovaries were collected from she-camels at the point of slaughter in Al-Ahsa abattoir, Eastern region of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. These samples were subjected to histopathological studies and stained by routine Hematoxylin and Eosin stain. Grossly, of the 210 ovarian tissues examined, 30 (14.28%) had ovarian lesions of one type or another, whereas 180 (85.71%) camels were apparently healthy. Only 6 (2.85%) ovaries showed unilateral ovarian hypoplasia, whereas 4 (1.9%) showed bilateral ovarian hypoplasia. Cystic ovaries were observed in a total of 13 of the collected samples of ovaries, of these 8 (3.8%) were diagnosed as follicular cystic ovaries, while 5 (2.38%) were luteal cystic ovaries. Ovarian abscess appeared in only one sample of the collected ovaries. While ovarian tumors were observed in a total of 6 of the collected samples distributed as, two fibromas, three dermoid cysts, and only one hemangioma. The present study indicates that follicular cysts, luteal cysts and ovarian hypoplasia were the most common ovarian disorders in non-pregnant she-camels in Al-Ahsa region of the Eastern Province of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

关键词： Dromedary Camel Ovarian Lesions Saudi Arabia

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Clinico-Epidemiological Characteristics and Survival Outcomes of COVID-19 Infection in Kassala, Eastern Sudan

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2023年第1期13卷 96-108页

作者： Abdualmoniem O. musa Mushal Allam Elhadi A. Ahmed Nouh S. mohamed mohamed H. Ahmed Abubakr Omer Tajeldin M. Abdallah Nadir Abuzeid Department of Microbiology Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences University of Kassala Kassala Sudan Department of Microbiology Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences University of Gezira Wad Madani Sudan General Administration of Medical Laboratories Ministry of Health Kassala Sudan Department of Genetics and Genomics College of Medicine and Health Sciences United Arab Emirates University Al Ain United Arab Emirates Department of Molecular Biology Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences Nile University Khartoum Sudan Department of Medicine and HIV Metabolic Clinic Milton Keynes University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust Milton Keynes UK School of Medical Sciences Örebro University Örebro Sweden Faculty of Medicine University of Khartoum Khartoum Sudan Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine University of Kassala Kassala Sudan Department of Microbiology Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences Omdurman Islamic University Omdurman Sudan

Introduction: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus2 (SARS-CoV-2) represents a major health problem worldwide. Thus, early detection and appropriate management of the virus will influence the outcome of the disease. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics and survival outcomes of patients with COVID-19 infection in Kassala, Eastern Sudan. Methods: A cross-sectional hospital-study was conducted among patients visiting Kassala teaching hospital with suspicion of COVID-19 infection. A structured questionnaire was used to gather clinical and socio-demo- graphic information from COVID-19 patients. Nasopharyngeal specimens and blood samples were collected and tested to confirm the diagnosis of COVID-19 infection using RT-PCR. Results: A total of 371 patients were enrolled in the study from September 2020 to January 2021, with mean age ± SD was 42.9 ± 19.9. The prevalence of COVID-19 infection was estimated at 61.7%. The majority were males 159 (69.4%), of university-level education, 96 (49.7%), and urban residents, 175 (9.7%). The most common symptoms were fever 215 (93.9%), cough 188 (82.1%), headache 179 (78.2%), and shortness of breath 154 (67.2%). Overall all mortality was reported as 16%. Older age group with the age ≥ 70, P P = 0.020, diabetes mellitus P = 0.029 were significantly associated with high case fatality. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that older age, male gender, laboratory tests (leukocytosis, lymphopenia, low Hemoglobin and high CRP) and various comorbid conditions significantly increase the disease severity and mortality. Therefore, attention should be paid to preventive measures to reduce the considerable impacts of the disease.

关键词： COVID-19 Infection Epidemiology Outcome Sudan

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Studies on the Genesis of Soils in Jong River Basin in the Northern Province of Sierra Leone

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Open Journal of Geology 2022年第3期12卷 273-293页

作者： Denis Magnus Ken Amara Patrick Andrew Sawyerr Daniel Hindogbe Saidu Osman Sidie Vonu Raymond Morie musa Joseph Christian Adamu Mboma Philip Jimia Kamanda mohamed Azim Sannoh Department of Soil Science School of Agriculture & Food Sciences Njala University Njala Campus Njala Sierra Leone Department of Soil Science Eastern Technical University of Sierra Leone Private Mail Bag Kenema Sierra Leone Department of Agriculture Food Security & Livelihood Sustainable Cassava Commercialization through Entrepreneurs Strengthening & Support (SUCCESS) Project BRAC Bo Sierra Leone Department of Agricultural Education Eastern Technical University of Sierra Leone Private Mail Bag Kenema Sierra Leone Department of Social Studies Eastern Technical University of Sierra Leone Private Mail Bag Kenema Sierra Leone Department of Extension & Rural Sociology School of Agriculture & Food Sciences Njala University Njala Campus Njala Sierra Leone

The soil resources of Sierra Leone remain an integral part of sustainable agricultural development but knowledge of the suitability of soils and their management requirements for a variety of land uses is still lacking to a greater extent. In this view, a detailed soil survey of three chiefdoms in Northern Sierra Leone was undertaken to evaluate the genesis of soils and interpret soil-landscape properties and their relationships using the toposequence and free style approach of soil survey. Three major soil types, viz, gravelly, gravel-free over gravel and gravel-free soils, formed either directly or indirectly from weathered and disintegrated parent materials of two geologic origins namely Rokel River Series (comprising of sandstone, shale and mudstone), and Granite and Acid Gneiss were identified. The gravelly soils are formed from sandstone and sandy shales of the Rokel River Series, which upon weathering released iron and hydrated oxides that hardened into plinthite upon drying. The gravel-free over gravel soils are formed from acid gneiss containing acid and intermediate igneous and metamorphic rocks, which upon weathering produced sandy clay textured soils whereas the gravel-free soils are derived from sedimentary rocks (shales and mudstones) of Rokel River Series, which upon weathering and action of organisms produced sandy clay loam and sandy clay textured soils. The gravel-free over gravel soils are mostly located in the summit and back slopes and show dark brown to dark yellowish-brown hue and moderate chroma, weak to moderate structure and absence of coarse fragments in the 0 - 40 cm layer, and a strong brown hue and high chroma, very weak fine angular blocky structure having abundance of coarse fragments from 40 cm and above. In these soils, the compactness of ironstone and sandstone gravels increases with depth. The gravel-free soils are found on three landscape positions, viz, back slopes, foot slopes and toe slopes. On the back and foot slopes, the so

关键词： Physiography Genesis Soil Land Suitability Climate Oxisols Landform Land Use Sierra Leone

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Sero-prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Khartoum and Omdurman Maternity Hospitals,Sudan

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2014年第6期 496-499页

作者： musa Abdel-Raouff mohamed Mobarak Elbasheir Northern Borders University Faculty of Applied Medical SciencesDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences-ArarSaudi Arabia Al-Ghad International College for Applied Medical Sciences Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences–AbhaSaudi Arabia

Objective:To determine the sero-prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii(***)infection among pregnant Sudanese ***:One hundred and sixty three pregnant women attending antenatal care in Omdurman Maternity Hospitals,Khartoum,Sudan during June to August in 2013 were enrolled and screened for immunoglobulin G(IgG)and IgM antitoxoplasma antibodies using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ***:Among 163 pregnant women,33(20.2%)were positive for(IgG)antitoxoplasma antibodies,while 130(79.8%)were *** of the examined women had IgM antitoxoplasma *** highest rate of infection(26.7%)was detected among women aged 21-29 *** statistically significant relation was observed between *** sero-prevalence and the other variable of risk factors ***:Over 79%Sudanese women screened for antitoxoplasma IgG antibodies were seronegative and they were at risk of seroconversion during ***,the study showed that screening of *** infections during antenatal care should be considered in Khartoum state as the main strategy to minimize congenital toxoplasmosis.

关键词： Toxoplasma gondii Pregnant women Sudan

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