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Co-treatment with pegylated interferon alfa-2a and entecavir for hepatitis D: a randomized trial

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World Journal of Hepatology 2016年第14期8卷 625-631页

作者： Zaigham Abbas Mohammad Sadik Memon Muhammad amir Umer Minaam Abbas lubna Shazi Department of Gastroenterology Ziauddin University Hospital Department of Medicine Orthopedic and Medical Institute Liver Stomach Clinic Zamzama Asian Institute of Medical Sciences

AIM: To investigate the efficacy of pegylated interferon alfa(PEG-IFNα) therapy with and without entecavir in patients with chronic hepatitis D. METHODS: Forty hepatitis D virus(HDV) RNA positive patients were randomized to receive either PEG-IFNα-2a 180 μg weekly in combination with entecavir 0.5 mg daily(n = 21) or PEG-IFNα alone(n =19). Patients who failed to show 2 log reduction in HDV RNA level at 24 wk of treatment, or had detectable HDV RNA at 48 wk of therapy were considered as treatment failure. Treatment was continued for 72 wk in the rest of the patients. All the patients were followed for 24 wk post treatment. Intention to treat analysis was ***: The mean age of the patients was 26.7 ± 6.8 years, 31 were male. Two log reduction in HDV RNA levels at 24 wk of therapy was achieved in 9(43%) patients receiving combination therapy and 12(63%) patients receiving PEG-IFNα alone(P = 0.199). Decline in hepatitis B surface antigen(HBs Ag) levels was insignificant. At the end of treatment, HDV RNA was negative in 8 patients(38%) receiving combination therapy and 10 patients(53%) receiving PEG-IFNα-2a alone. Virological response persisted in 7(33%) and 8(42%) patients, respectively at the end of the 24 wk follow-up period. One responder patient in the combination arm lost HBs Ag and became hepatitis B surface antibody positive. Six out of 14 baseline hepatitis B e antigen reactive patients seroconverted and four of these seroconverted patients had persistent HDV RNA ***: Administration of PEG-IFNα-2a with or without entecavir, resulted in persistent HDV RNA clearance in 37% of patients. The addition of entecavir did not improve the overall response.

关键词： Hepatitis D Entecavir Hepatitis B surface antigen Pegylated interferon Hepatitis D virus RNA Treatment

Tsunami Hazard Assessment in the Alboran Sea for the Western Coast of Algeria

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Journal of Shipping and Ocean Engineering 2014年第1期4卷 43-51页

作者： lubna A. amir Faculty of Earth Sciences University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumedienne Algiers 16111 Algeria

In October 1790, a destructive earthquake occurred near Oran city in the western part of Algeria （MSK, Medvdev-Sponheuer-Kamik macroseismic intensity： X）. It generated a tsunami that inundated the Spanish and North Africa coasts. The regional tectonic includes NW-SE compressional stress in Algeria and NE-SW strike-slip structures in the Alboran basin. In this work, we identified tsunami sources for the Alboran from numerical modeling. The sea bottom displacement is calculated from the Okada equations. The tsunami＇s propagation is simulated with the SWAN code. The identified tsunami source for the 1790 event is a 7.5 magnitude earthquake at the entrance of the Oran harbor, with a pure reverse faulting, probably associated with the Murdjajo fold The tsunami wave height profile that is obtained for the city of Oran showed an initial withdrawal of the sea that was followed by tsunami waves reaching 2 meters in height. The results obtained in Spain agree with the observations reported in the literature. Finally, the simulations led to a better understanding of the interdisciplinary approach to be considered as for tsunami sources in the Alboran. Sedimentary mass-movements should be now included as an additional component in the tsunami hazard assessment for the West Mediterranean. The contribution of sedimentary disturbance due to the series of canyons offshore the western margin could induce water waves higher than 2 meters in Western Algeria.

关键词： Alboran tsunami modelling sedimentary mass-movements earthquake Western Algeria.

Microbiological Quality of Drinking Water and Prevalence of Waterborne Diseases in the Gaza Strip, Palestine: A Narrative Review

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2019年第4期7卷 122-138页

作者： Samer Abuzerr Simin Nasseri Masud Yunesian Samir Yassin Mahdi Hadi amir Hossein Mahvi Ramin Nabizadeh Mohamed Al Agha amal Sarsour Maher Darwish Department of Environmental Health Engineering School of Public Health International Campus Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Environmental Health Engineering School of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Center for Water Quality Research (CWQR) Institute for Environmental Research (IER) Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Research Methodology and Data Analysis Institute for Environmental Research TUMS Tehran Iran Department of Physics Faculty of Sciences Islamic University of Gaza Gaza Palestine Department of Environment and Earth Science Department The Islamic University of Gaza Gaza Palestine Earth and Human Center for Researches and Studies Gaza Strip Palestine Department of Pharmacy Al-Safwa University College Al-Safwa Iraq

Water quality and occurrence of water-borne diseases in the Gaza strip are vivid examples for most developing societies. In recent years, the quality and quantity of groundwater, the only source of waters in the Gaza strip, have deteriorated markedly. A general rundown of the infrastructure and water distribution networks, in particular, the spread of cesspools, excessive use of pesticides and fertilizers, and improper treatment and disposal of wastewater remain major contributing factors to the continued deterioration in the water status in the Gaza strip. Without a doubt, the (Israeli)-Palestinian conflict had a clear negative impact on the water sector in the Gaza strip. Apparently, there is a dire need to adopt the WHO’s water safety plan in the management of Gaza’s water supply systems from catchment to consumer’s tap in order to maintain the sustainability and quality of water resources and prevent outbreaks of waterborne diseases. Therefore, this review has been prepared to highlight the overall picture of the water dilemma in the Gaza strip in the last years and in addition, to identify the sources, sorts, levels, and health risks of consequence to microbial contamination of water. The impact of political conflicts on the water sector in the Gaza strip also was reviewed. Furthermore, recommendations were formulated in order to assist and guide future researchers, stakeholders, and policymakers to avoid the more exacerbation of water contamination as well as to protect public health.

关键词： Fecal Coliforms Gaza Strip Microbiological Water Contamination Public Health Total Coliforms Waterborne Diseases

Rethinking Iranian Urban Housing -- A Review on the Housing Attributes under the Current Development of Tehran

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2012年第7期6卷 884-891页

作者： amir Shojai Suguru Mori Graduate School of Engineering Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-8628 Japan Laboratory of 4rchitectural Planning Faculty of Engineering Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-8628 Japan

Housing in the private sector in the metropolitan of Tehran in the past decades has been very much tied to the economical considerations, The current urban and building standards and regulations are believed to have very much contributed to the undermining the many social, environmental and visual potentials of the neighborhoods and to what we face today as congested apartment atmosphere where and the monotonous character of most of the neighborhoods as a result of the very same plans and regulations applied to their development namely the setbacks, land coverage ratios and floor to land area ratios with no regard to the very different characters many of these neighborhoods once had, either traditional and long-established or scenic and natural. The purpose of this paper is to briefly review the current state and trend of urban housing in Tehran and search for practical measures to improve the environment and character of urban housing in the city.

关键词： Urban housing land coverage ratio floor area ratio melak-e amal tarh-e tafzili Tehran.