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Effects of the level and source of dietary physically effective fiber on feed intake, nutrient utilization, heat energy, ruminal fermentation,and milk production by Alpine goats

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第2期17卷 312-324页

作者： Raquel V.Lourencon Amlan K.patra luana p.s.ribeiro Ryszard puchala Wei Wang Terry A.Gipson Arthur L.Goetsch American Institute for Goat Research Langston University

Thirty-two primiparous and 31 multiparous Alpine goats were used to determine influences of diets varying in level and source of forage on performance in early to mid-lactation for 16 wk. Diets consisted of 40%, 50%, 60%, and 70% forage(designated as 40F, 50F, 60F, and 70F, respectively) with 60F and 70F containing coarsely ground grass hay(primarily orchardgrass) and 40F and 50F containing cottonseed hulls, alfalfa pellets, and coarsely ground wheat hay. Diets contained 15.9% to 16.3% crude protein and37.8%, 42.1%, 53.5%, and 55.4% neutral detergent fiber(NDF) with 10.0%, 15.8%, 50.1%, and 55.5% particle retention on a 19-mm sieve, and 26.1%, 29.6%, 38.3%, and 40.0% physically effective NDF(pe NDF) for 40F,50F, 60F, and 70F, respectively. Dry matter intake(2.71, 2.75, 1.96, and 1.95 kg/d) and milk yield(2.82,2.71, 2.23, and 2.10 kg/d for 40F, 50F, 60F, and 70F, respectively) were lower(p s highest in forage. Digestion of organic matter was similar among diets(p > 0.05), but digestibility of NDF was greater(p spectively). Diet affected(p protein concentrations(2.62%, 2.69%, 2.58%, and 2.52% for 40F, 50F, 60F, and 70F, respectively). Milk energy yield was greater(p s lowest in forage(7.51, 7.45, 5.68, and 5.34 MJ/d), although yield relative to dry matter intake was not affected(p > 0.05) by diet and was lower(p primiparous vs. multiparous goats(2.71 and 3.09 MJ/kg). Ruminal p H and acetate proportion were greater for 60F and 70F than for the other diets and the proportion of butyrate was lower for the two diets highest in fiber. The mean lengths of time spent ruminating, eating, standing, and lying were not affected(p > 0.05) by diet or parity, but many interactions involving diet, period, hour, and parity were significant(p sion, lactational performance o

关键词： physically effective fiber Alpine goat Lactation Ruminal fermentation Feeding behavior

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Effects of the concentration and nature of total dissolved solids in drinking water on feed intake, nutrient digestion, energy balance,methane emission, ruminal fermentation, and blood constituents in different breeds of young goats and hair sheep

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 84-95页

作者： Amlan Kumar patra luana paula dos santos ribeiro Hirut Yirga Adekayode O.sonibare Ahmed R.Askar Ali H.Hussein Ryszard puchala Arthur Louis Goetsch American Institute for Goat Research Langston University Animal and poultry Nutrition Department Desert Research Center Agriculture Food and Natural ResourcesEastern New Mexico University

Understanding how different livestock species and breeds respond to consumption of brackish water could improve usage of this ***,Angora,Boer,and spanish goat doelings and Dorper,Katahdin,and *** ewe lambs (6 animals per animal type[AT];initial age=296±2.1 days)consuming water with varying concentrations of minerals of a natural brackish water source (BR) and sodium chloride (NaCl;sL) were used to determine effects on water and feed intake,nutrient digestion,heat energy,methane emission,ruminal fluid conditions,and blood constituent *** were 6 simultaneous 6 (water treatments[WT])×6 (AT) Latin squares with 3-wk *** WT were fresh (FR),BR alone (100-BR),a similar total dissolved solids (TDs) concentration as 100-BR via NaCl addition to FR (100-sL),BR with concentrations of all minerals increased by approximately 50%(150-BR),a similar TDs level as 150-BR by NaCl addition to FR (150-sL),and a similar 150 TDs level achieved by addition of a 1:1 mixture of BR minerals and NaCl to 100-BR (150-BR/sL).Concentrations (mg/kg) in BR were 4928 TDs,85.9 bicarbonate,224.9 calcium,1175 chloride,60.5 magnesium,4.59 potassium,1387sodium,1962 sulfate,and 8.3 boron,and TDs in other WT were 209,5684,7508,8309,and 7319 mg/kg for FR,100-sL,150-BR,150-sL,and 150-BR/sL,*** were very few significant effects of WT or AT×WT interactions,although AT had numerous *** intake was affected by AT (p=0.02)and WT (p=0.04),with greater water intake for 150-sL than for FR,100-BR,100-sL,and *** matter intake among AT was lowest (ppstion and ruminal methane emission were similar among *** aldosterone concentration was higher (psion,all AT seemed resilient to these WT regardless of mineral source and concentrations,with TDs less than 8300 mg/kg,which did

关键词： Goats Hair sheep Nutrient utilization Ruminal fermentation salinity Water quality

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Anomalous thermal expansion and enhanced magnetocaloric effect in<001>-textured Mn_(x)Fe_(5-x)si_(3) alloys

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Rare Metals 2024年第5期43卷 2263-2274页

作者： Yong Gong Xue-Fei Miao Tapas samanta Chris Taake Jun Liu Feng-Jiao Qian Yan-Yan shao Yu-Jing Zhang Qing-Yong Ren luana Caron Feng Xu MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic and Intermetallic Materials Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing210094China Department of physics Bielefeld University33501BielefeldGermany College of physics Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing210016China Institute of High Energy physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China spallation Neutron source science Center Dongguan523803China Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Neutron scattering science and Technology Dongguan523803China Department of physics Bielefeld University33501BielefeldGermany Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie12489BerlinGermany

The development of zero and negative therma expansion(i.e.,ZTE and NTE)materials is of crucial importance to the control of undesirable thermal expansion for high-precision *** the present work,ZTE and NTE were obtained in directionally-solidified Mn_(x)Fe_(5-x)si_(3)alloys with a strongtexture,in striking contrast to positive thermal expansion in their isotropic counterparts Magnetometry and in-situ X-ray diffraction(XRD)measurements were performed to uncover the origin of the anomalous thermal *** measurements indicate a strong easy-plane magnetocrystalline anisotropy in the textured samples,where the magnetic moments are aligned within the ab plane of the hexagonal structure Temperature-dependent XRD on the x=1 sample reveals a ZTE character in the ab plane that is coupled to a ferromagnetic *** a result,the macroscopic ZTE(~0.22×10^(-6)K^(-1))in the x=1 sample can be attributed to the microscopic magneto volume effect within the ab plane,which is realized by the introduction of the-textured ***,the competition between antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic exchange coupling leads to NTE in textured x=1.5 and 2 ***,textured x=1 sample displays enhanced magnetocaloric properties as compared to the conventional counterparts with randomly-oriented *** this work demonstrates a new strategy toward the exploration of anomalous thermal expansion properties as well as the enhancement of magnetocaloric properties for materials with a strong magnetocrystalline anisotropy.

关键词： MnFeysis Magnetocaloric effect Magnetic phase transition Negative thermal expansion

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Evaluation of Laboratory Request Forms Completion in a Tertiary Medical Laboratory of the Democratic Republic of Congo

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第6期12卷 94-100页

作者： Mamy Ngole Dahlia pambu Nathan luana Dophie Tshibuela Ritha Nyembu Kibambe Bizette Bizeti Nsangu Department of Medical Biology University Hospital of Kinshasa Kinshasa DR Congo Center for Human Genetics University of Kinshasa Kinshasa DR Congo Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa DR Congo Department of Medical Biology Ngaliema Clinic Kinshasa DR Congo Global Health systems solutions Kinshasa DR Congo

Background: The inadequacy in the completeness of the Laboratory Request Form (LRF) has been reported as one of the major sources of errors during the pre-analytical step of laboratory analysis. To prevent the occurrence of such errors, this study aimed at assessing the level of completeness of LRFs. Methods: A retrospective analysis of laboratory request forms was conducted at the Clinical Biology Laboratory of the Kinshasa University Clinic, DR Congo, between November 2021 to May 2022. The LRFs were evaluated according to the completeness of all sections including administrative data of the patient, data of physician who ordered the test, relevant patient’s clinical data and data of the biological sample. Results: From a total of 2842 LRFs evaluated, none was fully completed with all required information. particularly, patient’s clinical data including the medical history, provisional diagnosis and current treatment, were the most absent in 99% LRFs. However, two sections related to patient’s ID and prescribed test were informed in 100% LRFs. Conclusion: The results of this preanalytical audit can serve as an improvement opportunity focused on strengthening awareness about complete filling of LRF.

关键词： Audit Laboratory Requisition Form Clinical Biology Laboratory Completeness

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Antecedent precipitation Index to Estimate soil Moisture and Correlate as a Triggering process in the Occurrence of Landslides

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International Journal of Geosciences 2024年第1期15卷 70-86页

作者： Marcio Augusto Ernesto De Moraes Walter Manoel Mendes Filho Rodolfo Moreda Mendes Cassiano Antonio Bortolozo Daniel Metodiev Marcio Roberto Magalhães De Andrade Harideva Marturano Egas Tatiana sussel Gonçalves Mendes luana Albertani pampuch CEMADEN - National Centre for Monitoring and Early Warnings of Natural Disasters General Coordination of Research and Development S&#227o José dos Campos Brazil Faculty of science and Technology Goias Federal University Aparecida de Goi&#226nia Brazil Institute of science and Technology S&#227o Paulo State University (Unesp) S&#227o José dos Campos Brazil

Landslides are highly dangerous phenomena that occur in different parts of the world and pose significant threats to human populations. Intense rainfall events are the main triggering process for landslides in urbanized slope regions, especially those considered high-risk areas. Various other factors contribute to the process;thus, it is essential to analyze the causes of such incidents in all possible ways. soil moisture plays a critical role in the Earth’s surface-atmosphere interaction systems;hence, measurements and their estimations are crucial for understanding all processes involved in the water balance, especially those related to landslides. soil moisture can be estimated from in-situ measurements using different sensors and techniques, satellite remote sensing, hydrological modeling, and indicators to index moisture conditions. Antecedent soil moisture can significantly impact runoff for the same rainfall event in a watershed. The Antecedent precipitation Index (ApI) or “retained rainfall,” along with the antecedent moisture condition from the Natural Resources Conservation service, is generally applied to estimate runoff in watersheds where data is limited or unavailable. This work aims to explore ApI in estimating soil moisture and establish thresholds based on landslide occurrences. The estimated soil moisture will be compared and calibrated using measurements obtained through multisensor capacitance probes installed in a high-risk area located in the mountainous region of Campos do Jordão municipality, são paulo, Brazil. The ApI used in the calculation has been modified, where the recession coefficient depends on air temperature variability as well as the climatological mean temperature, which can be considered as losses in the water balance due to evapotranspiration. Once the ApI is calibrated, it will be used to extrapolate to the entire watershed and consequently estimate soil moisture. By utilizing recorded mass movements and comparing them with Ap

关键词： Landslides Antecedent precipitation Index soil Moisture Threshold Water Balance

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ARHCs (Automatic Rainfall Half-Life Cluster system): A Landslides Early Warning system (LEWs) Using Cluster Analysis and Automatic Threshold Definition

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International Journal of Geosciences 2024年第1期15卷 54-69页

作者： Cassiano Antonio Bortolozo luana Albertani pampuch Marcio Roberto Magalhães De Andrade Daniel Metodiev Adenilson Roberto Carvalho Tatiana sussel Gonçalves Mendes Tristan pryer Harideva Marturano Egas Rodolfo Moreda Mendes Isadora Araújo sousa Jenny power Cemaden - National Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters General Coordination of Research and Development S&#227o José dos Campos Brazil Environmental Engineering Department Institute of Science and Technology S&#227o Paulo State University S&#227o José dos Campos Brazil Department of Mathematical sciences University of Bath Bath UK Institute for Mathematical Innovation University of Bath Bath UK

A significant portion of Landslide Early Warning systems (LEWs) relies on the definition of operational thresholds and the monitoring of cumulative rainfall for alert issuance. These thresholds can be obtained in various ways, but most often they are based on previous landslide data. This approach introduces several limitations. For instance, there is a requirement for the location to have been previously monitored in some way to have this type of information recorded. Another significant limitation is the need for information regarding the location and timing of incidents. Despite the current ease of obtaining location information (Gps, drone images, etc.), the timing of the event remains challenging to ascertain for a considerable portion of landslide data. Concerning rainfall monitoring, there are multiple ways to consider it, for instance, examining accumulations over various intervals (1 h, 6 h, 24 h, 72 h), as well as in the calculation of effective rainfall, which represents the precipitation that actually infiltrates the soil. However, in the vast majority of cases, both the thresholds and the rain monitoring approach are defined manually and subjectively, relying on the operators’ experience. This makes the process labor-intensive and time-consuming, hindering the establishment of a truly standardized and rapidly scalable methodology on a large scale. In this work, we propose a Landslides Early Warning system (LEWs) based on the concept of rainfall half-life and the determination of thresholds using Cluster Analysis and data inversion. The system is designed to be applied in extensive monitoring networks, such as the one utilized by Cemaden, Brazil’s National Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters.

关键词： Landslides Early Warning system (LEWs) Cluster Analysis Landslides Brazil

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source identification and global implications of black carbon

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第1期13卷 404-416页

作者： Erika p.Blanco-Donado Ismael L.schneider paulo Artaxo Jesus Lozano-Osorio luana portz Marcos L.s.Oliveira Department of Civil and Environmental Universidad de la CostaCUCBarranquilla080002Colombia Department of Applied physics Institute of PhysicsUniversity of São PauloSP 05508-220Brazil Universidad de Lima Avenida Javier Prado Este 4600Santiago de Surco 1503Peru

Black carbon(BC)is one of the short-lived air pollutants that contributes significantly to aerosol radiative forcing and global climate *** is emitted by the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels,biofuels,and *** environments are quite complex and thus,the use of mobile jointly with fixed monitoring provides a better understanding of the dynamics of BC distribution in such *** present study addresses the measurement of BC concentration using real-time mobile and ambient monitoring in Barranquilla,an industrialized urban area of the Colombian Caribbean.A microaethalometer(MA200)and an aethalometer(AE33)were used for measuring the BC *** absorption Ångström exponent(AAE)values were determined for the study area,for identifying the BC emission *** results of the ambient sampling show that vehicle traffic emissions prevail;however,the influence of biomass burning was also *** mean ambient BC concentration was found to be 1.04±1.03μg/m^(3) and varied between 0.5 and 4.0μg/m^(3).From the mobile measurements obtained in real traffic conditions on the road,a much higher average value of 16.1±16.5μg/m^(3) was *** parts of the city showed BC concentrations higher than 20μg/m^(3).The spatial distribution of BC concentration shows that vehicle emissions and traffic jams,a consequence of road and transport infrastructure,are the factors that most affect the BC concentration.A comparison of results obtained from two aethalometers indicates that the concentrations measured by MA200 are 9%lower than those measured by *** AAE obtained was found to vary between 1.1 and 1.6,indicating vehicular emissions as the most crucial *** addition,it was observed that the BC concentration on working days was 2.5 times higher than on the weekends in the case of mobile monitoring and 1.5 times higher in the case of ambient monitoring.

关键词： Air pollution Black carbon spatial distribution source apportionment AbsorptionÅngström exponent

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Epigenetic modulators for brain cancer stem cells: Implications for anticancer treatment

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World Journal of stem Cells 2021年第7期13卷 670-684页

作者： luana Abballe Evelina Miele Department of pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Cellular and Gene Therapy Bambino GesùChildren's HospitalIRCCSRome 00165Italy

primary malignant brain tumors are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in both adults and children,with a dismal prognosis despite multimodal therapeutic *** the last years,a specific subpopulation of cells within the tumor bulk,named cancer stem cells(CsCs)or tumor-initiating cells,have been identified in brain tumors as responsible for cancer growth and disease *** features of tumor cells strongly affect treatment response,leading to the escape from conventional therapeutic approaches and subsequently causing tumor *** research efforts have focused at identifying new therapeutic strategies capable of specifically targeting CsCs in cancers by taking into consideration their complex *** epigenetic machinery plays a key role in the genesis and progression of brain tumors as well as inducing CsC reprogramming and preserving CsC ***,reverting the cancer epigenome can be considered a promising therapeutic *** main epigenetic mechanisms have been described:DNA methylation,histone modifications,and non-coding RNA,particularly *** of these mechanisms has been proven to be targetable by chemical compounds,known as epigeneticbased drugs or epidrugs,that specifically target epigenetic *** review here recent advances in the study of epigenetic modulators promoting and sustaining brain tumor stem-like *** focus on their potential role in cancer therapy.

关键词： Cancer stem cells Epigenetics Brain tumors Epigenetic drugs Histone deacetylase inhibitors DNA methyltransferase inhibitors

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Assessing spatial variability and erosion susceptibility of soils in hilly agricultural areas in southern Italy

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International soil and Water Conservation Research 2020年第4期8卷 354-362页

作者： Carmen Maria Rosskopf Erika Di Iorio luana Circelli Claudio Colombo pietro p.C.Aucelli University of Molise Department of Biosciences and Territoryc.da Fonte Lappone86090PescheISItaly University of Molise Department of AgriculturalEnvironmental and Food SciencesVia F.De Sanctis186100CampobassoCBItaly University of Napoli"parthenope" Department of Environmental SciencesCentro Direzionale Isola C/480143NapoliItaly

soil erosion is one of the main environmental problems in the Mediterranean *** problem is becoming even more important especially in Italy,in the Apennines,where severe erosive processes occur due to the action of concentrated running *** erodibility(K-Factor)of a soil,estimated using the Revised Universal soil Loss Equation(RUsLE),is a measure of its susceptibility to erosion and depends on several soil properties such as organic matter,texture and permeability and *** assess the spatial variability of soil properties and soil erodibility in hilly agricultural areas and to investigate the relationships between soil features and landscape morphodynamics,a detailed study in Molise region(southern Italy),in a small drainange basin located along its hilly Adriatic flank,was carried *** this catchment,63 topsoil samples(A horizons)were collected and 10 soil profiles,forming a catena crossing 3 land units,were *** calculated K-Factors ranges between 0.012 and 0.048 t ha h ha-1 MJ-1 mm-1 indicating a complex spatial distribution,due to the several local pedological and geomorphological factors affecting soil *** results give clear evidence about the relationships among soil characteristics,soil erodibility and landscape morpho-dynamics(land units).Comparing the soil loss rates estimated for the study area with those reported in literature,a good correspondence can be observed only for the more stable land unit,not characterized by intense erosive *** proposed methodology is suitable to highlight areas characterized by similar morphodynamics features,and comparable soil erodibility,for a more effective spatialization of K factor.

关键词： Hillslope morphodynamics RUsLE equation K factor Mediterranean region soil catena Land units

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Multi-frame and multi-dimensional historical digital cities: the Como example

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2014年第4期7卷 336-350页

作者： luana Valentini Maria Antonia Brovelli Giorgio Zamboni politecnico di Milano-polo di Como DIIARComoItaly

In this article,we present the realisation of a multi-frame and multi-dimensional WebGIs that allows users to simultaneously analyse a specific portion of the Earth taking into account the historical information,*** graphical panels have been realised:one for the usual 2D view and one for a more realistic 3D *** panels display historical maps of the city,the current orthophoto and the digital topographical *** 3D frame is based on NAsA World Wind,an open source virtual globe from where 3D buildings are shown extruding the 2D shapes using their mean *** to a specifically designed graphical user interface,it is also possible to dynamically thematise the buildings on the globe according to different criteria(*** construction time span)so that only the geometries fulfilling the request are turned *** the proposed application,a synchronisation between the two panels has been implemented,in order to maintain a constant alignment of the two *** application is also open to the time *** fact,assigning to each geometry two dates(e.g.‘year of construction’and‘year of demolition’),it is possible to dynamically view how buildings have changed over time,both in their shape and *** developments of this work will concern the possibility of implementing a city model with a higher level of detail.

关键词： web application multi-frame multi-dimensional time historical maps 3D

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