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Physical Activity Alters Superoxide Dismutase Activity and Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 Levels in Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2023年第7期11卷 140-150页

作者： Anderson Martins Tavares Leonardo Matta Jaslana Hainfellner da Silva Christiane de Oliveira Bensusan Carla do Nascimento Giselle Fernandes Taboada Rodrigo Soares Fortunato lu.iene de carvalho cardoso-weide Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences School of Medicine UFF-Universidade Federal Fluminense Rio de Janeiro Brazil Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics UFRJ-Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil School of Biology University Salgado de Oliveira Rio de Janeiro Brazil Endocrinology Unit Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicine UFF-Universidade Federal Fluminense Rio de Janeiro Brazil Medical School Department of Pathology UFF-Universidade Federal Fluminense Rio de Janeiro Brazil lu.iene de carvalho cardoso weide Medical School Department of Pathology UFF-Universidade Federal Fluminense Rio de Janeiro Brazil

Background: Oxidative stress and inflammation are related to the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus (DM), being involved in the development of micro-and macrovascular complications. Physical activity is beneficial for DM patients, but little is known about the relationship between redox and inflammation biomarkers and the level of physical activity in these patients. Based on this, this research aims to evaluate the effects of physical activity level on redox stress parameters and inflammatory markers in T2DM patients. Methods: Eighty-four patients with T2DM were divided according to their physical activity level: group A (n = 48), sedentary;group B (n = 11) active (3 times a week, 150 min) and group C (n = 25), highly active (5 times a week, 150 - 300 mins, at least). Anthropometric and biochemical parameters, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, as well as GSH, sRAGE and ICAM-1 levels were assessed. Results: Glycated haemoglobin, total cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol levels were lower in the highly active group in comparison to other groups. Plasma SOD activity was higher in group C compared to Group A, while ICAM-1 levels were significantly higher in group B when compared to other groups. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the practice of physical activity is beneficial to T2DM patients, especially at high volume and frequency.

关键词： Cardiovascular Risk Exercise Health Inflammation Oxidative Stress

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应用增爬群改善大雨条件下800 kV叠锥型支柱绝缘子的雨闪性能(英文)

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高电压技术 2011年第11期37卷 2772-2779页

作者： Orsino Oliveira Filho José Antonio cardoso Darcy Ramalho de Mello Rogério Magalhes de Azevedo Sylvia G carvalho Cepel-Electric Energy Research Center Zip Code 21941-911 Rio de JaneiroRJBrazil Eletrobras Furnas-Centrais Eletricas S/A Zip Code 22283-900 Rio de Janeiro RJBrazil

Studies based on AC high voltage tests have been done at Cepel to investigate the performance of 800 kV busbar insulators under heavy wetting *** were tested which are now used on site and also with different configurations of booster *** recorded by ultra-violet(UV) camera were used to help the investigations on the effectiveness of booster *** comparing UV images of the insulator being stressed with high voltage under heavy artificial rain,with and without booster sheds,it was possible to observe how significant the reduction on the flashover formation process was when booster sheds were *** effectiveness of booster sheds was also quantified by determining the disruptive discharge of the insulator with and without *** results of these studies can also be considered as contribution to national and international standard technical committees to improving the standardized procedure for tests on ultra high voltage(UHV) insulators under heavy *** such as the clear definition of relevant UHV test procedure and test arrangements,including the use of UV camera,have to be taken into account.

关键词： UHV insulator heavy rain booster sheds wet tests disruptive discharge ultra-violet images

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Leaf Gas Exchange,Photon Capture and Light Harvest in Aldina heterophylla along a Vegetation Gradient in the Amazon Rainforest

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第10期5卷 1477-1488页

作者： Joao Victor Figueiredo cardoso Rodrigues José Francisco de carvalho Goncalves Federal University of Amazonas Center for Distance EducationManausBrazil Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry National Institute for Research in the AmazonManausBrazil

Adaptation along environmental gradients is presumed to induce physiological and biochemical leaf changes in plant species. In this paper, we report how leaf gas exchange, photon capture and light harvest for photosynthesis in Aldina heterophylla change along a vegetation gradient from low stature open vegetation on extremely nutrient-poor white sand (Campina, CP), through inter-mediate closet type (Campinarana, CR) to tall closed rain forest (RF). The pigment concentrations did not differ between the CP, CR and RF habitats. The performance index for the photosynthesis (PIABS) of individuals in RF and CP was approximately 30% higher than that in CR individuals. This species showed similar potential rates of photosynthesis in the different vegetation types;however, the dark respiration rates were higher in CP. Our results indicate that the differences in the leaves and soil nitrogen concentrations are not enough to change the levels of gas exchange. Other environmental features may be driving the observed morphological features in this gradient, in particular, the tree height.

关键词： Chloroplast Pigments Dark Respiration Net Photosynthesis Physiological Plasticity Tropical Forest Biomass Accumulation

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Optical clearing mechanisms characterization in muscle

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2016年第5期9卷 82-100页

作者： luís Oliveira M.Inês carvalho Elisabete Nogueira Valery V.Tuchin Physics department–Polytechnic Institute of Porto School of Engineering Rua Dr.Antonio Bernardino de Almeida 4314200-072 PortoPortugal FEUP–University of Porto Rua Dr.Roberto Frias 4200-465 PortoPortugal CIETI–Centre of Innovation in Engineering and Industrial Technology ISEP Rua Dr.Antonio Bernardino de Almeida4314200-072 PortoPortugal deEC/FEUP and INESC TEC University of Porto Rua Dr.Roberto Frias 4200-465 PortoPortugal Research-Education Institute of Optics and Biophotonics Saratov National Research State University 83 Astrakhanskaya street Saratov 410012Russia Laboratory of Laser Diagnostics of Technical and Living Systems Institute of Precision Mechanics and Control RAS 24 Rabochaya street Saratov 410028Russia Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biophotonics Tomsk National Research State University 36 Lenin's avenue Tomsk 634050Russia

Optical immersion clearing is a technique that has been widely studied for more than two decades and that is used to originate a temporary transparency effect in biological *** applied in cooperation with clinical methods it provides optimization of diagnosis and treatment *** technique turns biological tissues more transparent through two main mechanisms-tissue dehydration and refractive index(RI)matching between tissue *** matching is obtained by partial replacement of interstit ial water by a biocompat ible agent that presents higher RI and it can be completely rever sible by natural rehydration in vrivo or by assisted rehydration in ex vivo *** data to characterize and discriminate between the two mechanisms and to find new ones are *** a simple method,based on collimated transmittance and thickness measurements made from muscle samples under treatment,we have estimated the diffusion properties of glucose,ethylene glycol(EG)and water that were used to perform such char acterization and *** these properties with data from literature that characterize their diffusion in water we have observed that musde cell membrane permeability limits agent and water diffusion in the *** same experi-mental data has allowed to calculate the optical dearing(OC)eficiency and make an inter-pretation of the internal changes that occurred in muscle during the *** same methodology can now be used to perform similar studies with other agents and in other tissues in order to solve engineering problems at design of inexpensive and robust technologies for a *** improvement of optical tomogr aphic techmiques with better contrast and in depth imaging.

关键词： Collimated transmittance agent diffusivity tissue dehydration thickness variation refractive index matching glucose ethylene glycol

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Transpiration and growth responses by Eucalyptus species to progressive soil drying

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第5期33卷 1529-1543页

作者： Marcel carvalho Abreu Alvaro Augusto Vieira Soares Cleverson Henrique de Freitas Fabrina Bolzan Martins department of Environment Science Forest InstituteFederal Rural University of Rio de JaneiroSeropédicaRio de Janeiro 23890-000Brazil Institute of Agricultural Sciences Federal University of UberlândiaMonte CarmeloMinas Gerais 38405-302Brazil “luiz de Queiroz”College of Agriculture University of São PauloPiracicabaSão Paulo 13418-900Brazil Natural Resources Institute Federal University of ItajubáItajubáMinas Gerais 37500-903Brazil

The regulation of plant transpiration is a key factor affecting transpiration efficiency, growth and adaptation of Eucalyptus species to limited water availability in tropical and subtropical environments. However, few studies have related this trait to the performance of Eucalyptus seedlings and none have investigated the influence of vapor pressure deficit (VPD) on transpiration rates and growth. In this study, the transpiration and growth responses of seedlings of Eucalyptus urophylla (S.T. Blake) and Eucalyptus cloeziana (F. Muell.) to progressive soil water deficits were evaluated under semi-controlled conditions using the fraction of transpirable soil water (FTSW) method. In addition, the influence of VPD on seedling transpiration, development and growth was also investigated. The FTSW threshold ranged from 0.40 to 0.99 for the transpiration rate and from 0.32 to 0.97 for the development and growth variables. Little or no changes in the FTSW threshold were detected in response to changes in atmospheric VPD. Both Eucalyptus species presented a conservation strategy under drought stress. In addition, water-conserving mechanisms during the seedling phase were related to rapid stomatal closure, reduced leaf area, and number of leaves.

关键词： Soil water deficit Fraction of transpirable soil water Transpiration Seedling growth Vapor pressure deficit

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Thermal and salinity effects on locomotor performance of Thoropa taophora tadpoles(Anura,Cycloramphidae)

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Integrative Zoology 2020年第1期15卷 40-54页

作者： Antonio C.GALLO Cinthia ABRASILEIRO Fábio Cury de BARROS JoséEduardo de carvalho department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Federal University of São PauloDiademaSão PauloBrazil

It is well known that environmental temperature influences several biological functions of ectotherms,notably in *** high permeability of anuran skin,associated with the effect of elevated environmental temperature,potentiates the dehydration process and this combination may restrict locomotor ***pa taophora is an endemic species from the Atlantic Rainforest whose tadpoles are semiterrestrial and predominantly diurnal,and are found in rocky seashores where they are exposed to sea spray and high *** this study we investigated how temperature and salinity conditions affect the locomotor performance in Thoropa taophora *** also assessed how different osmotic concentrations affect the activity of the metabolic pathways that support muscle *** measured the sprint speed of tadpoles of various sizes at different temperatures and salinities in the *** also measured the activity of the enzymes pyruvate kinase(PK),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)and citrate synthase(CS)in different temperatures and osmotic concentrations,and calculated the thermal sensitivity and the activity constants for each *** results showed that,in general,sprint speed decreased with increasing temperature and ***,whereas the effect of increased salinity was similar in smaller and larger tadpoles,increased temperature had a higher negative impact on sprint speed of larger tadpoles,thus indicating low thermal sensitivity of small *** and LDH thermal sensitivities and LDH constant of activity decreased as the osmolality *** conclusion,the locomotor capacity of tadpoles was decreased by temperature and salinity,which may be related to a decrease in anaerobic metabolism both in terms of sensitivity and total energy turnover through enzymatic *** discuss the ecological consequences,including the potential impacts on predator escape behavior promoted by changes in metabolism and locomotor performance

关键词： amphibians energy metabolism enzyme activity sprint speed

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Old climatically-buffered infertile landscapes(OCBILs):more than harsh habitats,Atlantic Forest inselbergs can be drivers of evolutionary diversity

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第9期19卷 2528-2543页

作者： Felipe de carvalho ARAÚJO Natália de AGUIAR-CAMPOS Cleber Rodrigo de SOUZA Eduardo de Paiva PAULA Rubens Manoel dos SANTOS Laboratory of Phytogeography and Evolutionary Ecology Department of Forest SciencesFederal University of LavrasLavrasMinas GeraisBrazil

Granite-gneiss rock outcrop inselbergs are ancient stable ecosystems with old,climaticallybuffered infertile landscapes(OCBILs).Although inselbergs provide key ecosystem services,little is done for their conservation and,so far,a lot of their unknown evolutionary history has already been lost by human *** a fine-scale approach,here we tested if habitat and environmental filtering(the inselberg’s harshness)affect the evolutionary diversity of an Atlantic Forest inselberg in *** recorded all trees with a diameter at breast height≥5cm in 20 plots in four habitat types(total sampled area of 0.8 hectares),from highest to lowest:island,hillside,foothill,and semideciduous forest(matrix).We also collected soil samples for chemical,textural and physical soil *** fitted linear models to test the effects of soil and habitat on plotlevel metrics of phylogenetic diversity and structure,lineage diversity,phylogeneticβ-diversity,and evolutionary *** found that the upper inselberg habitats contain a distinct set of ancient,closely related,harsh-tolerant lineages,as well as a subset of lineages that persist under harsh conditions with a certain degree of water *** inferior inselberg habitats harbor higher lineage diversity than expected by *** strongly predicted evolutionary *** concluded that soil depth,slope,nutrients and texture(environmental filtering)and habitat types and topography(habitat filtering)shape the evolutionary history contained in fine-scale inselberg habitats,which should encourage the conservation of these ancient ecosystems.

关键词： Phylogenetic diversity Atlantic Forest Niche conservatism Environmental filters Soil fertility Terrestrial Island

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Effect of rare-earth oxides on properties of silicon nitride obtained by normal sintering and sinter-HIP

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Journal of Rare Earths 2012年第11期30卷 1177-1183页

作者： Cecilia C.Guedes-Silva Flávio Machado de Souza carvalho José Carlos Bressiani Nuclear and Energy Research Institute-IPEN/CNEN Geoscience Institute-IGC/USP

This paper presented the microstructure, mechanical properties and oxidation behavior of silicon nitride obtained by both conventional sintering and sintering followed by hot isostatic pressing （HIP）. Silicon nitride with additives such as 5 wt.% Al2O3 and 5 wt.% Ln203 （Ln= La, La concentrate, Gd or La＋Gd） were studied. The results revealed that Gd203 additions increased the formation of elongated grains of β-Si3N4, the fracture toughness and oxidation resistance. La2O3 additions led to higher densification and hardness values, while addition of La2O3 concentrate promoted the formation of materials with intermediate properties, compared to the other studied compositions. Hot isostatic pressing increased the hardness but decreased the fracture toughness of the material, mainly because it allowed residual pores to close and also reduced the average aspect ratio of β-Si3N4 grains.

关键词： rare earths silicon nitride properties normal sintering sinter-HIP

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Soil loss and runoff obtained with customized precipitation patterns simulated by InfiAsper

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2022年第3期10卷 407-413页

作者： Daniel Fonseca de carvalho Pietro Menezes Sanchez Macedo Marinaldo Ferreira Pinto Wilk Sampaio de Almeida Nivaldo Schultz department of Engineering Institute of TechnologyFederal Rural University of Rio de JaneiroSeropedicaRio de JaneiroBrazil Postgraduate Program in Agronomy-Soil Sciences Federal Rural University of Rio de JaneiroSeropedicaRio de JaneiroBrazil Agronomy department Federal Institute of EducationScience and Technology of RondoniaCampus AriquemesRO 257Km 13AriquemesRO76870-000Brazil department of Soil Science Institute of AgronomyFederal Rural University of Rio de JaneiroSeropedicaRJBrazil

Applying constant precipitation intensity,which does not occur in natural events,is one of the main limitations concerning rainfall simulators in soil erosion *** present work evaluated the InfiAsper rainfall simulator operating with a new control panel to program rainfalls with different precipitation intensities(PI).Infiltration rates and soil and water losses were evaluated in a Distrophic Acrisol(clay loam texture)with simulated rainfalls of 30 mm and duration of 40 min,considering advanced(AD),intermediate(IN),delayed(de),and inverted intermediate(II)patterns,all with PI peaks of 110 mm h^(-1),and a constant(CT)*** experimental design was in randomized blocks with five treatments(rainfall patterns)and experimental units measuring 2.5×2.5 *** simulator worked satisfactorily,applying the rainfall according to the preconfigured *** simulated rainfall with the CT and II patterns did not promote runoff nor soil *** and runoff rates varied according to the applied rainfall pattern,reaching 97.8 and 27.3 mm h^(-1)(AD),82.1 and 39.5 mm h^(-1)(IN),and 76.2 and 49.7 mm h^(-1)(de),*** loss and surface runoff totaled each 4.77 g m^(-2)and 3.9 mm(AD),6.70 g m^(-2)and 6.8 mm(IN),and 6.03 g m^(-2)and 7.0 mm(de).The InfiAsper simulator modified enables varying precipitation intensity besides obtaining satisfactory results in the field and information consistent with the expected characteristics of natural rainfall *** the intermediate and delayed rainfall patterns,soil and water losses are higher than in the advanced.

关键词： Water erosion Rainfall simulator Precipitation intensity

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Benfotiamine supplementation prevents oxidative stress in anterior tibialis muscle and heart

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2019年第6期17卷 423-429页

作者： Alisson de carvalho Goncalves Einy Jéssika Siqueira Moreira Guilherme Vannucchi Portari Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition Health Sciences InstituteFederal University of Triangulo MineiroUberabaMG 38025-440Brazil department of Nutrition Health Sciences InstituteFederal University of Triangulo MineiroUberabaMG 38025-440Brazil

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of oral supplementation with benfotiamine on oxidative stress in the liver, heart and muscles of endurance-trained ***: Twenty-five male BALB/c mice were allocated to the following treatment groups: standard diet and sedentary activity(Sta–Sed), benfotiamine–supplemented diet and sedentary activity(Ben–Sed),standard diet and training activity(Sta–Tr) and benfotiamine–supplemented diet and training activity(Ben–Tr). The training comprised 6 weeks of endurance swimming training. The concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS), carbonylated proteins, total thiols and non-protein thiols was analyzed in the liver, heart and tibialis anterior ***: In the muscle, TBARS concentration in the Sta–Sed group was higher than that in other groups;in the heart, TBARS concentration in the Sta–Sed and Ben–Tr groups was higher than that in the Ben–Sed group. The carbonyl content of the muscle tissues was higher in the Sta–Sed group than in both supplemented groups. In liver, the carbonyl content was lower in the Ben–Sed group than in the Sta–Sed *** level of total thiols was lower in the Ben–Sed group than in the Sta–Tr group. In the heart, the level of total thiols was higher in the Ben–Sed group than in the Ben–Tr group. The concentration of non-protein thiols in the muscle was higher in the Ben–Sed group than in the Ben–Tr group, whereas in the heart, concentration of non-protein thiols of Sta–Tr group was lower than that of Sta–Sed ***: The results show that benfotiamine is an efficient antioxidant for the anterior tibialis muscle and heart;however, swimming training did not alter redox status.

关键词： Benfotiamine Thiamine Endurance exercise Oxidative stress Vitamins

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