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Antioxidants Enzymes Activities and NO Levels in Hemodialysis and Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis—A Comparative Study

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第2期12卷 50-59页

作者： Natalia Cristina Aparecida Ribeiro e Ribeiro Anderson Martins Tavares Jaslana Hainfellner da Silva João Paulo Lima Daher Salim Kanaan lu.iene de carvalho cardoso-weide Laboratory of Neuroplasticity Neurobiology Department Biology Institute Federal Fluminense University Rio de Janeiro Brazil Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences School of Medicine Federal Fluminense University Rio de Janeiro Brazil School of Biology UNIVERSO—Salgado de Oliveira University Rio de Janeiro Brazil department of Pathology Faculty of Medicine Federal Fluminense University Rio de Janeiro Brazil

It consists of a retrospective study with twenty-two individuals diagnosed with DRC: fourteen HD and eight CAPD, followed up in the dialysis center of Antonio Pedro University Hospital (HUAP) of Fluminense Federal University (UFF), between 2015 and 2017. Fifteen healthy control (HC) subjects were included, without diagnosed CKD. Patients with HIV positive, hepatitis A, B, and C, pregnant, cancer, smokers, alcoholics and those exposed to X-rays in the last 3 months, were excluded. Objectives: As oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction may be linked to the higher prevalence of CVD in CKD patients, we measured the activities of the antioxidants enzymes: SOD and GPx and total NO levels in the plasma and serum of end-stage CKD patients undergoing dialysis therapy, comparing with the HC group. Methods: Quantification of NO levels was performed by fluorometric kit, while activities of SOD and GPx were determined using kinetic methods. Results: We found higher plasma SOD activity in HD (8.58 U/ml) and CAPD (10.14 U/ml), compared to C (3.73 U/ml) group, while GPx activity was decreased in HD (115.38 nmol/h/ml) and CAPD (122.76 nmol/h/ml) groups compared to HC group (275.83 nmol/h/ml). Total serum NO concentration was decreased in HD (14.09 pmol/μl) and CAPD (10.26 pmol/μl), compared to non-CKD patients (49.65 pmol/μl). Conclusion: decreased total serum NO and GPx activities may lead to endothelial dysfunction and consequently a higher prevalence of CVD in CKD patients.

关键词： Hemodialysis CAPD SOD GPx NO

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Review on the state-of-the-art and challenges in the MgB_(2)component manufacturing for superconducting applications

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Superconductivity 2024年第1期9卷 50-64页

作者： Fabiano carvalho de Castro Sene department of Industrial and Systems Engineering University of TennesseeKnoxvilleUnited States

Since the discovery of MgB_(2)as a superconductor,several research groups worldwide have studied the superconducting mechanisms due to the dual gap nature of MgB_(2),as well as attempted to produce such a compound in wires,tapes,bulks,and thin films for a plethora of *** MgB_(2)carries the promise of replacing Niobium‐based superconductors in low‐field applications,less‐than‐desirable performance and in‐operation stability has slowed down such a *** the properties and nature of the superconductivity of MgB_(2)are fairly known,the reproduction of its properties at manufacturing scales remains an unsolved ***,this manuscript presents a systematic review on fundamental properties,phase formation,growth kinetics,and superconducting properties of MgB_(2)‐based components such as multi‐and mono‐core wires,bulks,and thin ***,challenges,and shortcomings are utilized in consolidating research questions and directions pertaining to the manufacturing of MgB_(2)superconducting ***,we evaluate the technological readiness of MgB_(2)‐based devices for applications in fusion energy systems.

关键词： MgB_(2) Superconductor manufacturing Technology readiness Review Low‐Field applications

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determination of critical state line(CSL)for silty-sandy iron ore tailings subjected to low-high confining pressures

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第5期16卷 1684-1695页

作者： Nilo Cesar Consoli João Vítor de Azambuja carvalho Alexia Cindy Wagner Hugo Carlos Scheuermann Filho Inácio carvalho Pedro Pazzoto Cacciari João Paulo de Sousa Silva Civil Engineering Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreRS90035-190Brazil Exploration and Mineral Projects-Mineral development Centre VALE S.A.Santa LuziaMG33040-900Brazil department of Civil Geological and Mining EngineeringPolytechnique MontrealQuebecH3C 3A7Canada

The disposal of filtered tailings in high dry stacks can induce particle breakage,changing the material's behaviour during the structure's *** grading changes influence material properties at the critical state,and this is not mature for intermediate artificial soils(tailings)in a broad range of confining *** this paper,it aims to describe the behaviour of iron ore tailings in a spectrum of confining pressures broader than the reported in previous studies.A series of consolidated drained(CD)triaxial tests was carried out with confining pressures ranging from 0.075 MPa to 120 *** results show that the amount of breakage plays an essential role in the response of iron ore *** existence of curved critical state line(CSL)in both specific volume(ν)-logarithm of mean effective stress(p′)and deviatoric stress(q)-mean effective stress(p′)planes,and different responses in the deviatoric stress-axial strain-volumetric strain curves were *** inverse S-shaped equation was proposed to represent the silty-sandy tailings'behaviour up to high pressures onν-lnp′*** proposed equation provides a basis for enhancing constitutive models and considers the evolution of the grading up to severe loading *** adjustment considered three regions with different responses associated with particle breakage at different pressure levels.

关键词： Tailings Iron ore tailings dry stacking Silty-sandy material Critical state soil mechanics High confining pressures Particle breakage

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Simulated rainfall in Brazil:An alternative for assesment of soil surface processes and an opportunity for technological development

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2024年第1期12卷 29-42页

作者： Camila Calazans da Silva luz Wilk Sampaio de Almeida Adilson Pacheco de Souza Nivaldo Schultz Jamil Alexandre Ayach Anache Daniel Fonseca de carvalho Postgraduate Program in Agronomy-Soil Sciences Federal Rural University of Rio de JaneiroSeropédicaRJBrazil Agronomy department Federal Institute of EducationScience and Technology of RondôniaAriquemesROBrazil Federal University of Mato Grosso SinopMTBrazil Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro SeropédicaRJBrazil Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul Campo GrandeMSBrazil

Rainfall simulators(RS)have been used,above all,to evaluate hydrological processes related to soil water infiltration,surface runoff and soil *** allow repeatability of rain application with different precipitation intensities in field and/or laboratory conditions and should produce events with physical characteristics similar to natural *** this manuscript,we carried out a bibliometric and scientometric analysis of studies with simulated rainfall in Brazil to assess the temporal evolution of publications,the main topics addressed and the degree of technological development of the *** searched for the terms“rainfall simulator”OR“simulated rainfall”AND“Brazil”in the Scopus,Web of Science,SciELO and Google Scholar *** found 143 articles published in the last 37 years(1985-2022).Our findings indicate that the main research areas covered in papers are soil erosion(57.34%),soil water infiltration(24.47%),nutrient losses(9.8%)and RS development and calibration/assessment(8.39%).In recent years,the number of published papers in international high-impact factor journals has *** of the papers(49.65%)refer to studies carried out by institutions located in the south and southeast regions of ***,there is a large gap of studies on simulated rainfall in other regions of Brazil,where important biomes such as the Cerrado,Amazon,Caatinga,and their transitions are *** study informs research priorities on soil erosion under simulated rainfall and provides a bibliographic database that can assist in more detailed future analyses.

关键词： Rainfall simulator Soil and water losses Soil water infiltration Bibliometrics Scientific review

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Mindfulness training in medical education as a means to improve resilience,empathy,and mental health in the medical profession

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第4期14卷 489-493页

作者： Edison Iglesias de Oliveira Vidal luiz Fernando Alvarenga Ribeiro Marco Antonio de carvalho-Filho Fernanda Bono Fukushima Internal Medicine department Botucatu Medical SchoolSao Paulo State University(UNESP)Botucatu 18618-687SPBrazil Wenckebach Institute for Education and Training LEARN-Lifelong LearningEducation and Assessment Research NetworkUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningen 9713AVGroningenNetherlands Assertiva Mindfulness Botucatu 18603-970SPBrazil Surgical Specialties and Anesthesiology department Botucatu Medical SchoolSão Paulo State University(UNESP)Botucatu 18618-687SPBrazil

The high rates of depression,burnout,and increased risk of suicide among medical students,residents,and physicians in comparison with other careers signal a mental health crisis within our *** contend that this crisis coupled with the inadequate acquisition of interpersonal skills during medical education results from the interaction between a challenging environment and the mental capital of ***,we posit that mindfulness-based practices are instrumental for the development of major components of mental capital,such as resilience,flexibility of mind,and learning skills,while also serving as a pathway to enhance empathy,compassion,self-awareness,conflict resolution,and relational ***,the evidence base supporting the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions has been increasing over the years,and a growing number of medical schools have already integrated mindfulness into their *** we acknowledge that mindfulness is not a panacea for all educational and mental health problems in this field,we argue that there is currently an unprecedented opportunity to gather momentum,spread and study mindfulness-based programs in medical schools around the world as a way to address some longstanding shortcomings of the medical profession and the health and educational systems upon which it is rooted.

关键词： Mindfulness Medical education Mental capital Mental health Medical students Resilience

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Starch Orodispersible Film Loaded with Melatonin for Human Supplementation

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第7期12卷 1343-1354页

作者： Fabio Tamanini Tatiane Zucchini de Souza Creusa Sayuri Tahara Amaral Antônio JoséFelix carvalho Eliane Trovatti department of Health and Biological Sciences University of Araraquara(UNIARA)São Paulo14801-340Brazil department of Materials Engineering São Carlos School of EngineeringUniversity of São PauloSão Paulo13563-120Brazil

An innovative pharmaceutical form for administering melatonin,based on starch orodispersibleﬁlm(ODF),was designed and *** composition of the ODF included starch as the polymer matrix,the active drug melatonin,and a ***,a natural hormone produced by the pineal gland in the brain,can be absorbed by passive diffusion across the mucous membrane,resulting in improved bioavailability when compared to conventional oral *** study shows a simple and efﬁcient method for preparing melatonin-loaded orodispersibleﬁlms with a physically stable and commercially viable matrix,suitable for use in the pharmaceutical ***ﬁlms were prepared by treating the starch with microwave irradiation,followed by plasticization with glycerol,melatonin loading and drying by solvent *** tests showed theﬁlms’robustness,with a modulus of approximately 97 MPa,indicating good handling *** uptake analysis showed fast water absorption,reaching about 150%within 2 min,indicating its fast oral disintegration *** tests in artiﬁcial saliva and dissolution studies indicated the release of the drug in min-utes,indicating the potential properties of theﬁlm for oral drug *** the best of our knowledge,there is no melatonin ODF based on starch described in the literature.

关键词： Starch orodispersibleﬁlm melatonin drug delivery

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Seasonal variation and host sex affect bat–bat fly interaction networks in the Amazonian savannahs

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 400-416页

作者： Paulo MEJIA Gustavo Lima URBIETA Bruna da Silva XAVIER IsaíJorge de CASTRO JoséJúlio de TOLEDO Gustavo GRACIOLLI lucio AndréVIANA DIAS William Douglas carvalho Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Tropical Universidade Federal do Amapá(UNIFAP)MacapáAPBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Instituto de BiologiaCentro de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro(UFRJ)Rio de JaneiroRJBrazil Laboratório de Mamíferos Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Estado do Amapá(IEPA)MacapáAPBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal Laboratório de SistemáticaEcologia e Evolução(LSEE)Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul(UFMS)Campo GrandeMTBrazil Terrestrial Ecology Group(TEG-UAM) Departamento de EcologíaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global(CIBC-UAM) Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain

Bats are the second-most diverse group of mammals in the world,and bat flies are their main ***,significant knowledge gaps remain regarding these antagonistic interactions,especially since diverse factors such as seasonality and host sex can affect their network ***,we explore the influence of such factors by comparing species richness and composition of bat flies on host bats,as well as specialization and modularity of bat–bat fly interaction networks between seasons and adult host *** captured bats and collected their ectoparasitic flies at 10 sampling sites in the savannahs of AmapáState,northeastern region of the Brazilian *** female bats being more parasitized and recording greater bat fly species richness in the wet season,neither relationship was statistically *** pooled network could be divided into 15 compartments with 54 links,and all subnetworks comprised>12 *** total number of links ranged from 27 to 48(for the dry and wet seasons,respectively),and female and male subnetworks had 44 and 41 links,*** values were very low for the pooled network and for all *** results revealed higher bat fly species richness and abundance in the wet season,whereas specialization and modularity were higher in the dry ***,the subnetwork for female bats displayed higher specialization and modularity than the male ***,both seasonality and host sex contribute in different ways to bat–bat fly network *** studies should consider these factors when evaluating bat–bat fly interaction networks.

关键词： Amapá Amazon biome bat flies bats interaction networks

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China-Brasil:una sinfonía en cuatro movimientos

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今日中国（西文版） 2024年第3期 38-39页

作者： EVANDRO MENEZES de carvalho 不详

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design multifunctional Mg–Zr coatings regulating Mg alloy bioabsorption

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1461-1478页

作者： Zohra Benzarti Sandesh Itani JoséDavid Castro Sandra carvalho Ana Sofia Ramos University of Coimbra CEMMPREARISEDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringRua Luís Reis Santos3030-788CoimbraPortugal Laboratory of Multifunctional Materials and Applications(LaMMA) Department of PhysicsFaculty of Sciences of SfaxUniversity of SfaxSoukra Road km 3.5B.P.1171Sfax3000Tunisia

Magnesium(Mg)alloys are widely used for temporary bone implants due to their favorable biodegradability,cytocompatibility,hemocompatibility,and close mechanical properties to ***,rapid degradation and inadequate strength limit their *** overcome this,the direct current magnetron sputtering technique is employed for surface coating in Mg-based alloys using various zirconium(Zr)*** approach presents a promising strategy for simultaneously improving corrosion resistance,maintaining biocompatibility,and enhancing strength without compromising *** leveraging Mg’s inherent biodegradability,it has the potential to minimize the need for secondary surgeries,thereby reducing costs and *** paper is a systematic study aimed at understanding the corrosion mechanisms of Mg–Zr coatings,denoted Mg-xZr(x=0–5 at.%).Zr-doped coatings exhibited columnar growth leading to denser and refined structures with increasing Zr *** analysis confirmed the presence of the Mg(00.2)basal plane,shifting towards higher angles(1.15°)with 5 at.%Zr doping due to lattice parameter changes(i.e.,decrease and increase of“c”and“a”lattice parameters,respectively).Mg–Zr coatings exhibited“liquidphilic”behavior,while Young’s modulus retained a steady value around 80 GPa across all ***,the hardness has significantly improved across all samples’coating,reaching the highest value of(2.2±0.3)GPa for 5 at.%*** testing in simulated body fluid(SBF)at 37℃ revealed a significant enhancement in corrosion resistance for Mg–Zr coatings containing 1.0–3.4 at.%*** with the 5 at.%Zr coating which exhibited a corrosion rate of 32 mm/year,these coatings displayed lower corrosion rates,ranging from 1 to 12 mm/*** synergistic enhancement in mechanical properties and corrosion resistance,achieved with 2.0–3.4 at.%Zr,suggests potential ability for reducing stress shielding and controlled degradation performance,and consequentl

关键词： Mg-Zr coatings Magnetron sputtering Nanoindentation Corrosion resistance Bone implants

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Evolutionary fingerprint, phylogenetic and forest structure of tropical montane Atlantic cloud forests along an elevation gradient

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第4期21卷 1259-1271页

作者： Ravi Fernandes MARIANO Vanessa Leite REZENde Cléber Rodrigo de SOUZA Patrícia Vieira POMPEU Rubens Manoel dos SANTOS Carolina Njaime MENdeS Aloysio Souza de MOURA Felipe Santana MACHADO Warley Augusto Caldas carvalho Marco Aurélio Leite FONTES department of Forest Sciences Federal University of LavrasLavras 37200-900Brazil 2Environmental defence Association of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte 30360-110Brazil department of Ecology and Conservation Federal University of LavrasLavras 37200-900Brazil department of Forest Sciences State University of Mato Grosso do SulAquidauana 79200-000Brazil Agência Zetta Federal University of LavrasLavras 37200-900Brazil. department of Natural Sciences Federal University of São João del-ReiSão João del-Rei 36307-352Brazil.

Environmental conditions can change markedly over geographical distances along elevation gradients,making them natural laboratories to study the processes that structure *** work aimed to assess the influences of elevation on Tropical Montane Cloud Forest plant communities in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest,a historically neglected *** evaluated the phylogenetic structure,forest structure(tree basal area and tree density)and species richness along an elevation gradient,as well as the evolutionary fingerprints of elevation-success on phylogenetic lineages from the tree *** do so,we assessed nine communities along an elevation gradient from 1210 to 2310 m *** large elevation *** relationships between elevation and phylogenetic structure,forest structure and species richness were investigated through Linear *** occurrence of evolutionary fingerprint on phylogenetic lineages was investigated by quantifying the extent of phylogenetic signal of elevation-success using a genus-level molecular *** results showed decreased species richness at higher elevations and independence between forest structure,phylogenetic structure and *** also verified that there is a phylogenetic signal associated with elevation-success by *** concluded that the elevation is associated with species richness and the occurrence of phylogenetic lineages in the tree communities evaluated in Mantiqueira *** the other hand,elevation is not associated with forest structure or phylogenetic ***,closely related taxa tend to have their higher ecological success in similar ***,we highlight the fragility of the tropical montane cloud forests in the Mantiqueira Range in face of environmental changes(*** warming)due to the occurrence of exclusive phylogenetic lineages evolutionarily adapted to environmental conditions(*** temperature)associated with each elevation range.

关键词： Atlantic Forest Cloud forest Conservation Community ecology Montane forests Phylogenetic diversity Phylogenetic signal

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