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Association of Mosaic Chromosomal Alterations and Genetic Factors with the Risk of Cirrhosis

Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2024年第6期12卷 562-570页

作者： Xinyuan Ge lu zhang Maojie Liu Xiao Wang Xin Xu yuqian Yan Chan tian Juan Yang Yang Ding Chengxiao yu Jing lu Longfeng Jiang Qiang Wang Qun zhang Ci Song Department of Epidemiology China International Cooperation Center on Environment and Human HealthCenter for Global HealthSchool of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina The Dumont-UCLA Transplant Center Division of Liver and Pancreas TransplantationDepartment of SurgeryDavid Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesCAUSA Department of Health Promotion Center Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated HospitalNanjingJiangsuChina Department of Infectious Disease The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina Department of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology(CLINTEC)Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden Changzhou Medical Center Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina Research Units of Cohort Study on Cardiovascular Diseases and Cancers Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina

Background and Aims:Age-related mosaic chromosomal alterations(mCAs)detected from genotyping of blood-de-rived DNA are structural somatic variants that indicate clonal *** study aimed to investigate whether mCAs contribute to the risk of cirrhosis and modify the effect of a polygenic risk score(PRS)on cirrhosis risk ***:mCA call sets of individuals with European ancestry were obtained from the UK *** PRS was constructed based on 12 susceptible single-nucleotide poly-morphisms for *** proportional hazard models were applied to evaluate the associations between mCAs and cirrhosis ***:Among 448,645 individuals with a median follow-up of 12.5 years,we identified 2,681 cas-es of cirrhosis,1,775 cases of compensated cirrhosis,and 1,706 cases of decompensated *** to non-carriers,individuals with copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity mCAs had a significantly increased risk of cirrhosis(hazard ratio(HR)1.42,95%confidence interval(CI)1.12-1.81).This risk was higher in patients with expanded cell fractions of mCAs(cell fractions≥10%*** fractionslusions:The presence of mCAs is associated with increased susceptibility to cirrhosis risk and could be combined with PRS for personalized cirrhosis risk stratification.

关键词： UK Biobank Cirrhosis Mosaic chromosomal alterations Polygenic risk score Genetic susceptibility Interaction effect

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Spin effect on redox acceleration and regioselectivity in Fe-catalyzed alkyne hydrosilylation

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 155-167页

作者： Peng He Meng-Yang Hu Jin-Hong Li tian-zhang Qiao Yi-Lin lu Shou-Fei Zhu Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai University

Iron catalysts are ideal transition metal catalysts because of the Earths abundant, cheap, biocompatible features of iron salts. Iron catalysts often have unique open-shell structures that easily undergo spin crossover in chemical transformations, a feature rarely found in noble metal catalysts. Unfortunately, little is known currently about how the open-shell structure and spin crossover affect the reactivity and selectivity of iron catalysts, which makes the development of iron catalysts a low efficient trial-and-error program. In this paper, a combination of experiments and theoretical calculations revealed that the iron-catalyzed hydrosilylation of alkynes is typical spin-crossover catalysis. Deep insight into the electronic structures of a set of well-defined open-shell active formal Fe(0) catalysts revealed that the spin-delocalization between the iron center and the 1,10-phenanthroline ligand effectively regulates the iron center's spin and oxidation state to meet the opposite electrostatic requirements of oxidative addition and reductive elimination, respectively,and the spin crossover is essential for this electron transfer process. The triplet transition state was essential for achieving high regioselectivity through tuning the nonbonding interactions. These findings provide an important reference for understanding the effect of catalyst spin state on reaction. It is inspiring for the development of iron catalysts and other Earth-abundant metal catalysts, especially from the point of view of ligand development.

关键词： spin effect spin-delocalization spin crossover iron-catalysis alkyne hydrosilylation

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Advances in the Mechanisms of Hemorrhagic Transformation and Therapeutic Agents after Intravenous Thrombolysis in Ischemic Stroke

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Yangtze Medicine 2024年第1期8卷 29-40页

作者： yue Dai Yongyi zhan Mingtian lu Zehua He yu Liu Zhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University (Zhuhai People’s Hospital) Zhuhai China

Ischemic stroke is an important disease leading to death and disability for all human beings, and the key to its treatment lies in the early opening of obstructed vessels and restoration of perfusion to the local infarcted area. Intravenous thrombolysis with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is one of the effective therapies to achieve revascularization, but it faces strict indications with a narrow therapeutic time window, and significantly increases the incidence of hemorrhagic transformation, HT, after reperfusion of the infarcted foci, which greatly reduces the incidence of patients with ischemic stroke. which significantly increases the incidence of hemorrhagic transformation (HT) after reperfusion of the infarcted focus, greatly reducing patient utilization and clinical benefit. Since the mechanism of HT has not been fully elucidated, and the related molecular mechanisms are complex and interactive, there is no specific and effective therapy to avoid the occurrence of HT. In this article, we focus on the research progress on the mechanism of HT after tPA intravenous thrombolysis in ischemic stroke patients from the aspects of vascular integrity disruption, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammatory response and the corresponding therapeutic strategies, in order to improve the safety and prognosis of tPA intravenous thrombolysis in the clinic.

关键词： Hemorrhagic Transformation Tissue-Type Fibrinogen Activator Acute Ischemic Stroke Blood-Brain Barrier

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Progress in models for coupled human and natural systems

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第11期67卷 3631-3637页

作者： tianxiang yuE Chenchen WU Wenjiao SHI Yongzhong tian Qing WANG Yimin lu Lili zhanG State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Information System Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Geographical Sciences Southwest University National Institute of Environmental Health Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention National Engineering Research Center of Geospatial Information Technology Fuzhou University The Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences

1. Introduction Malthus (1798) was one of the earliest researchers to propose a coupled human-natural system (CHANS) model, particularly in his analysis of the relationship between population growth and food supply. He argued that while population grows geometrically, food supply increases only arithmetically, suggesting that this imbalance could eventually lead to a food crisis due to diminishing per capita food availability (Malthus, 1798).

关键词： ECOLOGICAL-SYSTEMS SUSTAINABILITY POPULATION COMPLEXITY DECISIONS FRAMEWORK DYNAMICS EARTH

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A cytochrome c551 mediates the cyclic electron transport chain of the anoxygenic phototrophic bacterium Roseiflexus castenholzii

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Plant Communications 2024年第2期5卷 79-93页

作者： lu yu Zhenzhen Min Menghua Liu yueyong Xin Aokun Liu Jian Kuang Wenping Wu Jingyi Wu Huimin He Jiyu Xin Robert EBlankenship Changlin tian Xiaoling Xu Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Basic Medical Sciences and Affiliated HospitalKey Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou 311121China High Magnetic Field Laboratory Chinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China Photosynthesis Research Center College of Life and Environmental SciencesHangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou 311121China The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC Division of Life Sciences and MedicineCenter for Bioanalytical ChemistryHefei National Laboratory of Physical Science at MicroscaleUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Departments of Biology and Chemistry Washington University in St.LouisSt.LouisMO 63130USA

Roseiflexus castenholzii is a gram-negativefilamentous phototrophic bacterium that carries out anoxygenic photosynthesis through a cyclic electron transport chain(ETC).The ETC is composed of a reaction center(RC)–light-harvesting(LH)complex(rcRC–LH);an alternative complex III(rcACIII),which functionally re-places the cytochrome bc1/b6f complex;and the periplasmic electron acceptor auracyanin(rcAc).Although compositionally and structurally different from the bc1/b6f complex,rcACIII plays similar essential roles in oxidizing menaquinol and transferring electrons to the ***,rcACIII-mediated electron transfer(which includes both an intraprotein route and a downstream route)has not been clearly elucidated,nor have the details of cyclic ***,we identify a previously unknown monoheme cytochrome c(cyt c551)as a novel periplasmic electron acceptor of *** reduces the light-excited rcRC–LH to complete a cyclic *** also reveal the molecular mechanisms involved in the ETC using electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR),spectroelectrochemistry,and enzymatic and structural *** that electrons released from rcACIII-oxidized menaquinol are transferred to two alternative periplasmic electron acceptors(rcAc and cyt c551),which eventually reduce the rcRC to form the complete cyclic *** work serves as a foundation for further studies of ACIII-mediated electron transfer in anoxygenic photosynthesis and broadens our under-standing of the diversity and molecular evolution of prokaryotic ETCs.

关键词： cytochrome c menaquinol oxidoreductase electron transport chain electron paramagnetic reso-nance light-harvesting complex

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Harnessing the potential of hydrogels for advanced therapeutic applications: current achievements and future directions

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第8期9卷 3176-3241页

作者： Pelin lu Dongxue Ruan Meiqi Huang Mi tian Kangshun Zhu Ziqi Gan Zecong Xiao Nanomedicine Research Center The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510630PR China Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Radiology and Laboratory of Interventional RadiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510260PR China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseaseNational Center for Respiratory MedicineDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineGuangzhou Institute for Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510120PR China Department of Stomatology Chengdu Second People's HospitalChengdu 610021PR China Hospital of Stomatology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of StomatologyGuanghua School of StomatologySun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510055PR China

The applications of hydrogels have expanded significantly due to their versatile,highly tunable properties and breakthroughs in biomaterial *** this review,we cover the major achievements and the potential of hydrogels in therapeutic applications,focusing primarily on two areas:emerging cell-based therapies and promising non-cell therapeutic *** the context of cell therapy,we discuss the capacity of hydrogels to overcome the existing translational challenges faced by mainstream cell therapy paradigms,provide a detailed discussion on the advantages and principal design considerations of hydrogels for boosting the efficacy of cell therapy,as well as list specific examples of their applications in different disease *** then explore the potential of hydrogels in drug delivery,physical intervention therapies,and other non-cell therapeutic areas(e.g.,bioadhesives,artificial tissues,and biosensors),emphasizing their utility beyond mere delivery ***,we complement our discussion on the latest progress and challenges in the clinical application of hydrogels and outline future research directions,particularly in terms of integration with advanced biomanufacturing *** review aims to present a comprehensive view and critical insights into the design and selection of hydrogels for both cell therapy and noncell therapies,tailored to meet the therapeutic requirements of diverse diseases and situations.

关键词： directions overcome breakthrough

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Preparation and characteristic study of Schottky diodes based on Ga_(2)O_(3)thin films

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2024年第2期31卷 28-37页

作者： zhang Xuhui Chen Haifeng Liu Xiangtai lu Qin Wang zhan Cheng Hang Che lujie Guan Youyou Han Xiaocong School of Electronic Engineering Xi'an University of Posts and TelecommunicationsXi'an 710121China

This study uses atomic layer deposition(ALD)to grow Ga_(2)O_(3)films on SiO_(2)substrates and investigates the influence of film thickness and annealing temperature on film *** diode devices are fabricated based on the grown Ga_(2)O_(3)films,and the effects of annealing temperature,electrode size,and electrode spacing on the electrical characteristics of the devices are *** results show that as the film thickness increases,the breakdown voltage of the fabricated devices also increases.A Schottky diode with a thickness of 240 nm can achieve a reverse breakdown voltage of 300 *** film quality significantly improves as the annealing temperature of the film *** a voltage of 5 V,the current of the film annealed at 900℃is 64 times that of the film annealed at 700℃.The optimum annealing temperature for Ohmic contact electrodes is 450℃.At 550℃,the Ohmic contact metal tends to burn,and the performance of the device is *** the electrode spacing increases the forward current of the device but decreases the reverse breakdown *** the Schottky contact electrode size increases the forward current,but the change is not significant,and there is no significant change in the reverse breakdown *** device also performs well at high temperatures,with a reverse breakdown voltage of 220 V at 125℃.

关键词： atomic layer deposition(ALD) Ga_(2)O_(3)film Schottky diode annealing temperature

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Status and trends in the stability of the three largest ice shelves in Antarctica

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第8期67卷 2615-2632页

作者： Rongxing LI Guojun LI lu AN Menglian XIA Da LV yuan CHENG Aiguo ZHAO tian CHANG Xiangbin CUI Shengkai zhanG Shijie LIU Yixiang tian Weian WANG Center for Spatial Information Science and Sustainable Development Applications Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China College of Surveying and Geo-informatics Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Postdoctoral Research Station of Shanghai Surveying and Mapping Institute Shanghai 200063China Key Laboratory of Spatial-temporal Big Data Analysis and Application of Natural Resources in Megacities Shanghai 200063China Institute for Conservation of Cultural Heritage School of Cultural Heritage and Information ManagementShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Polar Research Institute of China Shanghai 200136China Chinese Antarctic Center of Surveying and Mapping Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430079China

The Ross,Filchner-Ronne,and Amery ice shelves are the three largest ice shelves in Antarctica,playing a crucial role in supporting the Antarctic ice ***,current studies on the stability of the three largest ice shelves primarily focus on singular or limited factors,lacking a comprehensive assessment of multiple *** systematically and in-depth study the stability and trend of the three largest ice shelves,we comprehensively collected and analyzed key parameters,including elevation changes,basal melting,surface meltwater,major rifts propagation rate,suture zones,ice front area change rate,grounding lines,ice velocity,and mass ***,we selected the collapsed Larsen B Ice Shelf(LBIS),the rapidly changing and structurally weakened Pine Island Ice Shelf(PIIS),and the accelerating Totten Ice Shelf(TIS)as reference ice *** comparing and analyzing the key parameters between these reference ice shelves and the three largest ice shelves,we find the status and trends in the stability of the *** findings reveal that most key parameters of the three largest ice shelves present relatively minor variations compared to those of the reference ice ***,50%of the parameters are smaller than those of the accelerating TIS,88%are smaller than those of the rapidly changing PIIS,and all parameters are smaller than those of the collapsed ***,after analyzing parameters that are not smaller than those of the TIS,it is observed that they remain in a stable ***,the three largest ice shelves are currently undergoing natural changes that do not threaten their stability in the short ***,the evolution of the ice shelves under global climate change remains uncertain,making long-term observation and monitoring essential to assess their impact on sea level rise.

关键词： Three largest ice shelves in Antarctica Key parameters Remote sensing monitoring Ice shelf stability Sea level change

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Robust textile-based spoof plasmonic frequency scanning antenna for on-body IoT applications

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第8期67卷 269-284页

作者： Zhao-Min CHEN Jun-Lin zhan Hao CHEN Ya LI Hongjun HE Wu YANG Zhen-Guo LIU Wei-Bing lu State Key Lab of Millimeter Waves School of Information Science and EngineeringSoutheast University Center for Flexible RF Technology Frontiers Science Center for Mobile Information Communication and SecuritySoutheast University Future Research Laboratory China Mobile Research Institute Purple Mountain Laboratories

Securing a comfortable, wearable compact frequency beam scanning antenna(FBSA) with robustness to deformation, low specific absorption rate(SAR), and good coverage of the surrounding environment for Internet of Things(IoT) applications, such as on-body navigation and wireless communication is an emerging challenge. In this work, a robust textile-based spoof plasmonic frequency scanning antenna utilizing higher-order modes is presented, which is also robust to deformation caused by the activities of the human body. The innovative design of the element ensures the high-efficiency transmission of the fundamental mode of spoof surface plasmon polaritons(SSPP) structure, providing the potential of being a multifunctional composite device in the compact on-body network. Besides, an artificial magnetic conductor(AMC) is designed underneath the SSPP structure, obtaining a low SAR value(0.113 W/kg), which ensures the safety of users. As a practical realization of this concept, a textile-based spoof plasmonic antenna was fabricated in the microwave regime and the performed experimental results show the proposed antenna has a single-beam radiation characteristic with a 70° beam scanning angle range when the frequency is 4.7–6.0 GHz with a high average realized gain of 13.15 dBi. And it still maintains a steady performance when faced with structure deformation, which proves its robustness. Wireless communication quality experiments are performed to demonstrate the proposed antenna can measure the angles of targets and realize wireless signal transmission to specific targets as the frequency varies, it may find great potential in the field of on-body IoT applications.

关键词： frequency beam scanning antenna (FBSA) Internet of Things (IoT) on-body communication spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPP) textile-based antenna

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Recent Advances in Mn,Fe,Co,and Ni-Catalyzed Organic Reactions

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第3期6卷 537-584页

作者： lu-Jie Li yuli He yunhui Yang Jun Guo zhan lu Congyang Wang Shaolin Zhu Shou-Fei Zhu College of Chemistry Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071 School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province 210093 Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences and University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 Department of Chemistry Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang Province 310058

This paper reviewed the recent research progress of organic reactions catalyzed by four typical earthabundant and 3d metal catalysts:Mn,Fe,Co,and Ni complexes and mainly focused on the reactions in which these 3d metal catalysts exhibited obvious advantages over other *** mechanism that makes these 3d metal catalysts show unusual properties is another focus of this *** outlook on 3d metal complexes-catalyzed organic reactions was also considered.

关键词： Earth-abundant metal catalysts sustainable organic synthesis structure-function relationships organometallic intermediates hydrocarbon transformations

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