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Intraguild niche partitioning in granivorous birds from the late past

Avian Research 2023年第1期14卷 70-77页

作者： Ana B.Navarro Juliano A.Bogoni Marcelo Z.Moreira luís f.silveira Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de sāo Paulo Secāo de AvesAvNazaré48104263-000São PauloSPBrazil Universidade de sāo Paulo Escola Superior de Agricultura"Luiz de Queiroz"Departamento de Ciências FlorestaisLaboratório de EcologiaManejo e Conservacāo de Fauna Silvestre(LEMaC)Av.Pádua Dias 1113418-900PiracicabaSPBrazil Universidade de sāo Paulo Centro de Energia Nuclear na AgriculturaLaboratório de Ecologia IsotópicaAv.Centenário 30313416-903PiracicabaSPBrazil

Niche partitioning is a widespread ecological strategy within trophic guilds,ensuring the coexistence of sympatric species by reducing interspecific *** isotope analysis of carbon and nitrogen and isotopic niche metrics(width and overlap)are used as a proxy to investigate niche partitioning among species of a *** our study,we investigated if niche partitioning was an ecological mechanism contributing to the coexistence of granivorous birds from the same geographic region along time,employing an isotopic *** sampled and isotopically analyzed(δ^(13)C andδ^(15)N values)wing feathers from 58 specimens of granivorous birds collected between 1900 and 1966 in southeastern *** grouped birds according to the main habitat type used by them(forest:Cyanoloxia brissonii,Leptotila and Leptotila verreauxi;and grassland:Columbina squammata and sicalis flaveola).We used the Isotopic Richness(IRic)metric to measure the isotopic niche width and the Isotopic similarity(Isim)and Isotopic Nestedness(INes)metrics to measure the niche overlap between groups and *** results of low isotopic niche overlap suggest that common granivorous birds had a clear niche partitioning in southeastern Brazil in the late past,especially through foraging in distinct habitat types(forest and grassland;Isim=0.1,INes=0.2).Niche overlaps in almost all species-by-species comparisons were low(Isim≤0.3,INes≤0.4),except between *** and ***(Isim=0.6,INes=1.0).These results suggest that these birds,belonging to the same trophic guild,coexisted through niche and resource *** being considered a plastic trophic guild,the isotopic niche partitioning among granivorous birds indicates that each of these species uses a set of specific resources and *** raises an ecological concern about the homogenization of landscapes across the Neotropics,oversimplifying food resources and habitats to granivorous birds.

关键词： Atlantic forest Avian ecology Cerrado Community ecology Diet foraging ecology Habitat use Trophic relations

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Antimicrobial peptides as a feed additive alternative to animal production, food safety and public health implications: An overview

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第3期7卷 896-904页

作者： Raiza f.silveira Cesar A.Roque-Borda Eduardo f.Vicente sao Paulo state University School of Agricultural and Veterinarian SciencesJaboticabalSao PauloBrazil sao Paulo state University School of Sciences and EngineeringTupaSao PauloBrazil

In the last few years,feed additives have been used in animal nutrition to improve nutrient utilization,health parameters and animal ***,the use of antibiotics as feed additives has allowed the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance(AMR),which can bring as a consequence,an increase in the morbidity and mortality of diseases that were previously treatable with *** this context,antimicrobial peptides(AMP)have appeared as a promising strategy because they have multiple bio-logical activities and represent a powerful strategy to prevent the development of resistant *** the small number of studies applied in vivo,AMP appear as a potent alternative to the use of antibiotics in animal nutrition,due to an increase in feed efficiency and the prevention/treatment of some animal *** review discusses the problems associated with antimicrobial resistance and the use of AMP as a strong candidate to replace conventional antibiotics,mainly in the animal industry.

关键词： Additive Antimicrobial peptide Broiler Cattle Laying hen Pig

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starch Digestibility and functional Properties of Rice starch subjected to Gamma Radiation

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Rice science 2018年第1期25卷 42-51页

作者： luís fernando POLEsI silene Bruder silveira sARMENTO solange Guidolin CANNIATTI-BRAZACA Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture University of Sao Paulo Department of food Engineering Federal University of Rondonia Department of Agri-food Industry Food and NutritionLuiz de Queiroz College of AgricultureUniversity of Sao Paulo

This study investigated the effect of gamma radiation on the digestibility and functional properties of rice *** cultivars IRGA417 and IAC202 were used for isolation of starch by the alkaline *** samples were irradiated with 1,2 and 5 k Gy doses of ^(60)Co at a rate of 0.4 k Gy/h.A control sample,which was not irradiated,was used for *** and control starches were characterized by in vitro starch digestibility,total dietary fiber,color,water absorption index,water solubility index,syneresis,swelling factor,amylose leaching,pasting properties and gel *** changed starch digestibility differently in either *** radiation doses promoted increase in the color parameter b*(yellow),elevation in the capacity to absorb water,and solubility in water as well as the amylose leached from granules for both *** properties showed a decrease that was proportional to the dose applied,caused by the depolymerization of starch *** firmness of the starch from IAC202 was inversely proportional to the radiation dose applied,whereas for IRGA417,there was a reduction at 5 k Gy *** starches can be modified by irradiation to exhibit different functional characteristics and they can be used by the food industries in products such as soups,desserts,flans,puddings and others.

关键词： Oryza sativa irradiation viscosity swelling amylose starch digestibility

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Do vegetative and reproductive phenophases of deciduous tropical species respond similarly to rainfall pulses?

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Journal of forestry Research 2013年第4期24卷 643-651页

作者： A.P.silveira f.s.Araújo f.R.Martins Itapipoca faculty of Education Av.Monsenhor Tabosa s/ no.Ceará State University -- UECE Graduate Course of Ecology and Natural Resources Department of BiologyBuilding 906Federal University of Ceará-UFC Department of Plant Biology Institute of BiologyP.O.Box 610University of Campinas – UNICAMP

Deciduous trees with high-density wood that occur in dry seasonal tropical regions respond to rainfall seasonality with synchrony in phenophases. However, they may exhibit interannual differences in synchrony and intensity of phenophases, as strategy for large variations in duration and intensity of rainfall pulses. Nevertheless, it remains unknown how phenophases of deciduous trees of the Brazilian semi-arid region respond to rainfall variations. The phenology of Cordia oncocalyx was monitored in deciduous thorny woodland （Caatinga）, from April 2009 to March 2011, and was correlated with rainfall, soil humidity, temperature, and photoperiod. The rainy years 2009 and 2011 exhibited higher duration of rainfall pulses and lower frequency of interpulses, but in 2010 pulse duration and total rainfall were lower. Circular statistics showed leaf flush followed by flowering and fruiting in the rainy season, and leaf fall and seed dispersal in the dry season.

关键词： asynchrony circular analysis deciduous phenology riskspreading seasonality.

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starch Digestibility and Physicochemical and Cooking Properties of Irradiated Rice Grains

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Rice science 2017年第1期24卷 48-55页

作者： luís fernando POLEsI Manoel Divino da MATTA JUNIOR silene Bruder silveira sARMENTO solange Guidolin CANNIATTI-BRAZACA Department of food Engineering Federal University of RondoniaAriquemes 76872-848RondoniaBrazil Department of Agroindustry Food and NutritionCollege of Agriculture Luiz de QueirozUniversity of Sao PauloPiracicaba 13418-900Sao PauloBrazil

This study evaluated the starch digestibility, physicochemical properties and cooking characteristics of polished rice（varieties IRGA417 and IAC202） subjected to the doses of 0（as the control）, 1, 2 and 5 k Gy of gamma radiation. The highest dose decreased the apparent amylose content, peak viscosity, water absorption and volume expansion. Irradiation increased the solid loss by 119% and 187% for IAC202 and IRGA417, respectively, when comparing the higher dose with the control. for IAC202, irradiation decreased the rapidly digestible starch and increased the slowly digestible starch（sDs） and resistant starch（Rs）. IRGA417 showed an elevation of sDs and a reduction in Rs. And 1 k Gy dose of gamma radiation generated the highest level of Rs for both the two varieties and presented the smallest changes in other physicochemical and cooking properties.

关键词： starch cooking viscosity gamma irradiation grains starch granules chains physiological

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Disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania(Leishmania) amazonensis in human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-infected patients: A report of two cases

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2021年第6期14卷 281-284页

作者： Camila f Araújo Iara B N Oliveira Murilo B silveira fátima Ribeiro-Dias Hospital de Doenças Tropicais Doutor Anuar Auad GoiâniaGoiásBrazil Laboratório de Imunidade Natural(LIN) Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde PúblicaUniversidade Federal de GoiásGoiâniaGoiásBrazil

Rationale: Co-infection of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) and Leishmania spp. has impact on clinical and therapeutic outcomes of leishmaniases. Most studies do not present the identification of Leishmania species causing American tegumentary leishmaniasis in co-infections. In the Americas, Leishmania(L.) Viannia(V.) braziliensis and L.(V.) guyanensis have been identified. Patient concerns: In this study, two cases of American tegumentary leishmaniasis in patients infected with HIV are described. Patients presented several lesions with rapid dissemination and mucosal involvement. Diagnosis: Disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by L. amazonensis was identified by molecular test. Interventions: The patients were treated with conventional therapies for HIV infection and American tegumentary leishmaniasis. Outcomes: In co-infection, the clinical manifestations are atypical and the treatment response can be impaired. Lessons: These cases show that HIV infection impacts L. amazonensis infection and point to the relevance of identifying Leishmania species, which can lead to a better patient management.

关键词： Leishmania amazonensis HIV Disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis Case report

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Clinical features and management of primary sclerosing cholangitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第21期14卷 3338-3349页

作者： Marina G silveira Keith D Lindor Division of Gastro-enterology and Hepatology Miles and Shirley Fiterman Center for Digestive DiseasesMayo Clinic and FoundationRochesterMinnesotaUnited States

Primary sclerosing cholangitis is a chronic cholestatic liver disease characterized by inflammation and fibrosis of the bile ducts,resulting in cirrhosis and need for liver transplantation and reduced life *** majority of cases occur in young and middle-aged men,often in association with inflammatory bowel *** etiology of primary sclerosing cholangitis includes immune-mediated components and elements of undefined *** effective medical therapy has been *** multiple complications of primary sclerosing cholangitis include metabolic bone disease,dominant strictures,bacterial cholangitis,and malignancy,particularly cholangiocarcinoma,which is the most lethal complication of primary sclerosing *** transplantation is currently the only life-extending therapeutic alternative for patients with end-stage disease,although recurrence in the allografted liver has been described.A PsC-like variant attracting attention is cholangitis marked by raised levels of the immunoglobulin G4 subclass,prominence of plasma cells within the lesions,and steroid responsiveness.

关键词： sclerosing cholangitis Diagnosis Therapy Cholestasis Cholangiocarcinoma Liver transplantation

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Advance in the use of gold nanoparticles in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases:new perspectives

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第12期16卷 2425-2426页

作者： Gustavo de Bem silveira Alexandre Pastoris Muller Ricardo Andrez Machado-de-Ávila Paulo Cesar Lock silveira Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology Graduate Program in Health SciencesUniversidade do Extremo Sul CatarinenseCriciúmaSCBrazil Programa de Pós Graduação em farmacologia UFSCFlorianópolisSCBrazil

Various conditions affecting nerve cells and the nervous system due to the loss of neurons and their connecting networks are described under the superordinate phrase“Neurodegenerative diseases”.such diseases lead to disability due to gradual neuronal death in both the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous *** many of these diseases have unknown causes,sometimes these are due to medical conditions such as alcoholism,a tumor,or a stroke,or other causes which may include genetic mutations,toxins,chemicals,and viruses.

关键词： diseases degenerative treatment

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Transcriptome analyses of the Dof-like gene family in grapevine reveal its involvement in berry, flower and seed development

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Horticulture Research 2016年第1期3卷 124-133页

作者： Danielle Costenaro da silva Vítor da silveira falavigna Marianna fasoli Vanessa Buffon Diogo Denardi Porto Georgios Joannis Pappas Jr Mario Pezzotti Giancarlo Pasquali luís fernando Revers Graduate Program in Cell and Molecular Biology Center for BiotechnologyUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre91501-970RSBrazil Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Universitàdegli Studi di VeronaVerona37134Italy Embrapa Uva e Vinho Bento Gonçalves95701-008RSBrazil Embrapa semiárido Petrolina56302-970PEBrazil Department of Cell Biology Universidade de BrasíliaBrasília70910-900DFBrazil syngenta seeds Ltda UberlândiaMG38407-049Brazil Modesto CA 95354USA

The Dof(DNA-binding with one finger)protein family spans a group of plant transcription factors involved in the regulation of several functions,such as plant responses to stress,hormones and light,phytochrome signaling and seed *** we describe the Dof-like gene family in grapevine(Vitis vinifera L.),which consists of 25 genes coding for *** extensive in silico characterization of the VviDofL gene family was ***,the expression of the entire gene family was assessed in 54 grapevine tissues and organs using an integrated approach with microarray(cv Corvina)and real-time PCR(cv Pinot Noir)*** phylogenetic analysis comparing grapevine sequences with those of Arabidopsis,tomato,poplar and already described Dof genes in other species allowed us to identify several duplicated *** diversification of grapevine DofL genes during evolution likely resulted in a broader range of biological ***,distinct expression patterns were identified between samples analyzed,corroborating such *** expression results indicate that several VviDofL genes perform their functional roles mainly during flower,berry and seed development,highlighting their importance for grapevine growth and *** identification of similar expression profiles between both approaches strongly suggests that these genes have important regulatory roles that are evolutionally conserved between grapevine cvs Corvina and Pinot Noir.

关键词： involvement organs assessed

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Relaxant effect and possible mechanism of 17-nor-subincanadine E in rabbit corpora cavernosa

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第5期13卷 747-753页

作者： Otacilio D Benvindo Nilberto Rf Nascimento Claudia f santos Manasses C fonteles Edilberto R silveira Daniel E Uchoa Adriana R Campos Karina MA Cunha flavia A santos Vietla s Rao Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine Federal University of Ceara PO Box 3157 60430-270 Fortaleza CE Brazil superior Institute of Biomedicine Caara State University Fortaleza CE Brazil Detriment of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry Federal University of Ceara 60455-760 Fortaleza CE Brazil

Compounds with dual action on cyclic adenosine monophosphate （cAMP） and cyclic guanosine monophosphate （cGMP） may be a treatment option for erectile dysfunction, as they not only promote penile erection but also prevent the upregulation of phosphodiesterase-5. In this study, we examined the possible relaxant effect and mechanism of 17-nor-subincanadine E （sEC, 0.2-200 pmol I^-1）, a plant-derived alkaloid, in rabbit corpus cavernosum （RbCC） strips that had been precontracted by exposure to phenylephrine （10 pmol I^- 1） or a high concentration of K＋（60 mmol I^- 1） in vitro. In addition to sEC＇s effect on cAMP and cGMP levels, electrical field stimulation （Efs） in phenylephrine-precontracted RbCC and calcium chloride （1-100 mmol I^-1） evoked responses in depolarized RbCC were analysed. sEC relaxed the phenylephrine-precontracted RbCCs in a concentration-dependent manner. Atropine, guanethidine and N-co-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester （L-NAME） did not have any effect on the relaxation of RBCCs. When 1H-1,2,4oxadiazole[4,3-a] quinoxalin-1-one （ODQ） was added, it effectively blocked the relaxant response of sEC. Although sEC enhanced the maximal relaxation produced by sodium nitroprusside （sNP） and forskolin in phenylephrine-precontracted cavernosal smooth muscle, it caused a decrease in the maximal contractile response induced by calcium chloride in depolarized RbCCs. The relaxant effect of sEC was paralleled by an increase in the tissue levels of the Cyclic nucleotides cAMP and cGMP. We conclude that sEC promotes the relaxation of RbCC, possibly favouring cAMP and cGMP accumulation and calcium blockade. This novel mechanism could be useful for patients who do not benefit from phosphodiesterase inhibitors and for those with endothelial and nitrergic dysfunction, such as patients with diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidaemias.

关键词： 17-nor-subincanadine E cyclic nucleotides electrical field stimulation nitric oxide rabbit corpus cavernosum smoothmuscle relaxation

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