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R-spondin-2 is a Wnt agonist that reg.l.tes osteoblast activity and bone mass

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Bone Research 2018年第3期6卷 289-302页

作者： M.Noelle Knight Kannan Karuppaiah Michele lowe Sarthak Mohanty Robert l.Zondervan Sheila Bell Jaimo Ahn Kurt D.Hankenson Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Michigan Medical School Division of Pulmonary Biology Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center

The R-spondin family of proteins are Wnt agonists, and the complete embryonic disruption of Rspo2 results in skeletal developmental defects that recapitulate the phenotype observed with lrp5/6 deficiency. Previous work has shown that R-spondin-2(Rspo2, RSPO2) is both hig.l. expressed in Wnt-stimulated pre-osteoblasts and its overexpression induces osteoblast differentiation in the same cells, supporting its putative role as a positive autocrine reg.l.tor of osteoblastogenesis. However, the role of Rspo2 in reg.l.ting osteoblastogenesis and bone formation in postnatal bone has not been explored. Here we show that limb-bud progenitor cells from Rspo2 knockout mice undergo reduced mineralization during osteoblastogenesis in vitro and have a corresponding alteration in their osteogenic gene expression profile. We also generated the first Rspo2 conditional knockout(Rspo2 floxed) mouse and disrupted Rspo2 expression in osteoblast-lineage cells by crossing to the Osteocalcin-Cre mouse line(OcnCre + Rspo2 ^(f/f)). Ocn-Cre + Rspo2 f/fmale and female mice at 1, 3, and 6 months were examined. Ocn-Cre + Rspo2 f/fmice are decreased in overall body size compared to their control littermates and have decreased bone mass. Histomorphometric analysis of1-month-old mice revealed a similar number of osteoblasts and mineralizing surface per bone surface with a simultaneous decrease in mineral apposition and bone formation rates. Consistent with this observation, serum osteocalcin in 3-month-old Ocn-Cre +Rspo2 f/fwas reduced, and bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells from Ocn-Cre + Rspo2 f/fmice undergo less mineralization in ***, gene expression analysis and immunohistochemistry of mature bone shows reduced beta-catenin signaling in Ocn-Cre +Rspo2 f/f. Overall, RSPO2 reduces osteoblastogenesis and mineralization, leading to reduced bone mass.

关键词： The R-spondin family Wnt-stimulated pre-osteoblasts

Adult mouse model of early hepatocellular carcinoma promoted by alcoholic liver disease

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2016年第16期22卷 4091-4108页

作者： Aditya Ambade Abhishek Satishchandran Benedek gyongyosi Patrick lowe gyongyi Szabo Department of Medicine University of Massachusetts Medical School

AIM: To establish a mouse model of alcohol-driven hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) that develops in livers with alcoholic liver disease (AlD).METHODS: Adult C57Bl/6 male mice received multiple doses of chemical carcinogen diethyl nitrosamine (DEN) followed by 7 wk of 4% lieber-DeCarli diet. Serum alanine aminotransferase (AlT), alpha fetoprotein (AFP) and liver Cyp2e1 were assessed. Expression of F4/80, CD68 for macrophages and ly6g, MPO, E-selectin for neutrophils was measured. Macrophage polarization was determined by Il-1β/iNOS (M1) and Arg-1/Il-10/CD163/CD206 (M2) expression. liver steatosis and fibrosis were measured by oil-red-O and Sirius red staining respectively. HCC development was monitored by magnetic resonance imaging, confirmed by histology. Cellular proliferation was assessed by proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA).RESUlTS: Alcohol-DEN mice showed higher AlTs than pair fed-DEN mice throughout the alcohol feeding without weight gain. Alcohol feeding resulted in increased AlT, liver steatosis and inflammation compared to pair-fed controls. Alcohol-DEN mice had reduced steatosis and increased fibrosis indicating advanced liver disease. Molecular characterization showed highest levels of both neutrophil and macrophage markers in alcohol-DEN livers. Importantly, M2 macrophages were predominantly higher in alcohol-DEN livers. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed increased numbers of intrahepatic cysts and liver histology confirmed the presence of early HCC in alcohol-DEN mice compared to all other groups. This correlated with increased serum alpha-fetoprotein, a marker of HCC, in alcohol-DEN mice. PCNA immunostaining revealed significantly increased hepatocyte proliferation in livers from alcohol-DEN compared to pair fed-DEN or alcohol-fed ***: We describe a new 12-wk HCC model in adult mice that develops in livers with alcoholic hepatitis and defines AlD as co-factor in HCC.

关键词： Alpha-fetoprotein Macrophage polarization Steatohepatitis Proliferating cell nuclear antigen liver tumor

Degradation study on tin- and bismuth-based gas-diffusion electrodes during electrochemical CO_(2) reduction in hig.l. alkaline media

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第11期30卷 367-376,I0008页

作者： Fabian Bienen Armin lowe Joachim Hildebrand Sebastian Hertle Dana Schonvog.l.Dennis Kopljar Norbert Wagner Elias Klemm Kaspar Andreas Friedrich Institute of Engineering Thermodynamics German Aerospace CenterPfaffenwaldring 38-4070569 StuttgartGermany Institute of Building Energetics Thermal Engineering and Energy StorageUniversity of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 3170569 StuttgartGermany Institute of Technical Chemistry University of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569 StuttgartGermany Institute of Engineering Thermodynamics German Aerospace CenterCarl-von-Ossietzky-Straße 1526129 OldenburgGermany

This work investigated the degradation of tin – based gas-diffusion electrodes (gDE) and also a promising Bi2O3 gDE in electrochemical CO_(2) reduction in hig.l. alkaline media which has not been studied before. The contributions of the electrode wetting (or flooding, if excessively) and catalyst leaching on the degradation were analyzed. Therefore, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to monitor the wetted surface area of the gDE in combination with post-mortem analysis of the penetration depth by visualizing the electrolyte’s cation in the gDE cross-section. Furthermore, to reveal a possible degradation of the electrocatalyst, its distribution was mapped in the gDEs cross-section after operation while the catholyte was additionally analyzed via ICP-MS. The results clearly demonstrate that the SnO_(2) catalyst dissolves in the reaction zone inside the gDE and might be partially redeposited near the gDEs surface. Since the redeposition process occurs only partially a steady loss of catalyst was observed impeding a clear distinction of the two degradation phenomena. Nevertheless, the deterioration of the electrode performance measured as faraday efficiency (FE) of the parasitic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) qualitatively correlates with the differential double layer capacitance (Cdl). A significant difference of the rate of increase for the hydrogen FE and Cdl can be ascribed to the superposition of both above-mentioned degradation mechanisms. The demonstrated instability of SnO_(2) contrasts with the behavior of Bi2O3 gDE which is stabilized during CO_(2) conversion by redeposition of the diluted dissolved species as metallic Bi which is active for the CO_(2) reduction reaction.

关键词： Electrochemical CO_(2)reduction Heterogeneous catalysis gas-diffusion electrode Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy Catalyst leaching

Uranium sequestration in sediment at an iron-rich contaminated site at Oak Ridge, Tennessee *** followed by reoxidation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第11期31卷 156-167页

作者： Peng-Song.l. Wei-Min Wu Debra H.Phillips David B.Watson Shelly Kelly Bing.l. Tonia Mehlhorn Kenneth lowe Jennifer Earles Hu-Chun Tao Tong Zhang Craig S.Criddle Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering William & Cloy Codiga Resource Recovery Center Center for Sustainable Development & Global Competitiveness Stanford University Stanford CA 94305-4020 USA Key laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization School of Environment and Energy Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 China Institute of New Energy Technology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China School of Natural and Built Environment Queen's University Belfast Belfast BT9 5AG Northern Ireland UK Environmental Sciences Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge P.O.Box 2008 TN 37831 USA EXAFS Analysis Bolingbrook IL 60440 USA Department of Civil Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

This study evaluated uranium sequestration performance in iron-rich (30 g/kg) sediment via bioreduction followed by *** tests (1383 days) at Oak Ridge,Tennessee demonstrated that uranium contents in sediments increased after bioreduced sediments were re-exposed to nitrate and oxygen in contaminated *** of contaminated sediments (1200 mg/kg U) with ethanol in microcosm reduced aqueous U from 0.37 to 0.023 mg/*** of the bioreduced sediment were reoxidized with O2,H2O2,and NaNO3,respectively,over 285 days,resulting in aqueous U of 0.024,1.58 and 14.4 mg.l.at pH 6.30,6.63 and 7.62,*** source-and the three reoxidized sediments showed different desorption and adsorption behaviors of U,but all fit a Freundlich *** adsorption capacities increased sharply at pH 4.5 to 5.5,plateaued at pH 5.5 to 7.0,then decreased sharply as pH increased from 7.0 to *** O2-reoxidized sediment retained a lower desorption efficiency at pH over *** NO3--reoxidized sediment exhibited higher adsorption capacity at pH 5.5 to *** pH-dependent adsorption onto Fe(Ⅲ) oxides and formation of U coated particles and precipitates resulted in U sequestration,and bioreduction followed by reoxidation can enhance the U sequestration in sediment.

关键词： Sediments Uranium Sequestration Bioreduction Reoxidation

傻瓜必读：Access 97 for Windows 中文版

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Identifying pain-related concerns in routine follow-up clinics following oral and oropharyngeal cancer

丛书名：最新“傻瓜必读”丛书

1998年

作者：（美）（M.l.杨）Margaret levine Young （美）（R.洛）Rodney lowe 李双庆等译

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2012年第8期3卷 116-125页

作者： Simon N Rogers Alexander J Cleator Derek lowe Naseem ghazali Regional Maxillofacial Unit University Hospital Aintree Liverpool L97LN United Kingdom Evidence-Based Practice Research Centre Faculty of Health Edge Hill University St Helens Road Ormskirk L39 4QP United Kingdom Faculty of Medicine University of Liverpool Duncan Building Daulby Street Liverpool L69 3GA United Kingdom

AIM:To describe clinical characteristics of head and neck cancer(HNC)patients with pain and those wishing to discuss pain concerns during ***:Cross-sectional,questionnaire study using University of Washington Quality of life,version 4(UWQOl)and the Patients Concerns Inventory(PCI)in disease-free,post-treatment HNC *** pain on UW-QOl and indicating"Pain in head and neck"and"Pain elsewhere"on ***:One hundred and seventy-seven patientscompleted UW-QOl and *** prevalence of selfreported pain issues was 38%(67/177)comprising25%(44/177)with significant problems despite medications and 13%(23/177)with lesser or no problems but wishing to discuss *** aged under 65years and patients having treatment involving radiotherapy were more likely to have pain *** over half,55%(24/44)of patients with significant pain did not express a need to discuss *** with significant pain or others wanting to discuss pain in clinic had greater problems in physical and social-emotional functioning,reported suboptimal QOl,and also had more additional PCI items to discuss in clinic compared to those without significant pain and not wishing to discuss ***:Significant HNC-related pain is prevalent in the disease-free,posttreatment *** referral to a specialist pain team may be *** UW-QOl and PCI package is a valuable tool that may routinely screen for significant pain in outpatient clinics.

关键词： Pain Health related quality of life Patient Concerns Inventory Head and neck cancer Mouth neoplasm Quality of life Questionnaire

Word for Windows 95奥秘 1

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种质资源鉴定的一种分子遗传技术标准:随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)

丛书名：美国IDg“奥秘”系列丛书

1996年

作者：（美）（D.洛）Doug lowe 章晓莉等译

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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生物技术通报 1997年第5期13卷 37-41页

作者： A.J.lowe O Hanotte l.guarino

RAPD(随机扩增多态性DNA)变异越来越多地被用于种质样品的鉴定。由于在某些条件下,RAPD结果重复性较差,限制这一技术的应用。本文综合了一些文献中引起片段变异的主要原因,分析了减少这些不需要变异的方法。由此提出了一个含有全部描述... 详细信息

RAPD(随机扩增多态性DNA)变异越来越多地被用于种质样品的鉴定。由于在某些条件下,RAPD结果重复性较差,限制这一技术的应用。本文综合了一些文献中引起片段变异的主要原因,分析了减少这些不需要变异的方法。由此提出了一个含有全部描述符的项目表,它包括RAPD必不可少的条件和再现植物材料RAPD结果的必须核对的程序。此标准程序和描述形式应该能促进类似材料在不同实验室所做结果进行比较,而且允许RAPD结果作为标准的种质资源描述符。

关键词：种持资源鉴定分子遗传技术 RAPD

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胡敏酸吸附硼的研究

腐植酸 1993年第2期 53-56页

作者： BAOHUA gU l.E.lowe 常月帆

许多人曾经认为,有机土壤组成在土壤保持硼中扮演了一个主要角色。Olson和berger(1946)早期研究中,土壤有机质由于氧化破坏而导致作物有效态B的大量释放,并引起B的固定稍有减少。Parks和White(1952)发现,用Na_2CO_3——NaHCO_3提取和用... 详细信息

许多人曾经认为,有机土壤组成在土壤保持硼中扮演了一个主要角色。Olson和berger(1946)早期研究中,土壤有机质由于氧化破坏而导致作物有效态B的大量释放,并引起B的固定稍有减少。Parks和White(1952)发现,用Na_2CO_3——NaHCO_3提取和用钙饱和的腐殖质,保持了高达58毫摩尔(B)/公斤腐殖质。

关键词：胡敏酸硼吸附