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Model systems to study the life cycle of human papillomaviruses and HPV-associated cancers

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Virologica Sinica 2015年第2期30卷 92-100页

作者： louise T.Chow Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham 35294-0005 USA

The prevalent human papillomaviruses(HPVs) infect either cutaneous or mucosal epithelium. Active Infections lead to epithelial hyperprolifeation and are usually cleared in healthy individuals within a year. Persistent infections in the anogenital tracts by certain high-risk genotypes such as HPV-16, HPV-18 and closely related types, can progress to high grade dysplasias and carcinomas in women and men, including cervical, vulva, penile and anal cancers. A significant fraction of the head and neck cancers are also caused by HPV-16. The viral oncogenes responsible for neoplastic conversion are E6 and E7 that disrupt the pathways controlled by the two major tumor suppressor genes, p53 and members of p RB family. Because HPV cannot be propagated in conventional submerged monolayer cell cultures, organotypic epithelial raft cultures that generate a stratified and differentiated epithelium have been used to study the viral life cycle. This article describes several systems to examine aspects of the viral productive phase, along with the advantages and limitations. Animal model systems of HPV carcinogenesis are also briefly described.

关键词： human papillomaviruses(HPVs) productive program HPV-associated cancers model systems

OpenStreetMap data quality enrichment through awareness raising and collective action tools——experiences from a European project

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2018年第3期21卷 234-246页

作者： Amin Mobasheri Alexander Zipf louise Francis GIScience Research Group Institute of GeographyHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany Mapping for Change(Co.Ltd.) LondonUnited Kingdom

Nowadays,several research projects show interest in employing volunteered geographic information(VGI)to improve their systems through using up-to-date and detailed *** European project CAP4Access is one of the successful examples of such international-wide research projects that aims to improve the accessibility of people with restricted mobility using crowdsourced *** this project,OpenStreetMap(OSM)is used to extend OpenRouteService,a well-known routing ***,a basic challenge that this project tackled was the incompleteness of OSM data with regards to certain information that is required for wheelchair accessibility(*** information,kerb data,etc.).In this article,we present the results of initial assessment of sidewalk data in OSM at the beginning of the project as well as our approach in awareness raising and using tools for tagging accessibility data into OSM database for enriching the sidewalk data *** experiments have been carried out in different European cities,and discussion on the results of the experiments as well as the lessons learned are *** lessons learned provide recommendations that help in organizing better mapping party events in the *** conclude by reporting on how and to what extent the OSM sidewalk data completeness in these study areas have benefited from the mapping parties by the end of the project.

关键词： Accessibility OpenStreetMap(OSM) data quality data completeness sidewalk wheel map

Is serine racemase(SRR) a second hit target for LRRK2-G2019S induced Parkinson's disease?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第3期16卷 498-499页

作者： Sarah louise Nickels Jens Christian Schwamborn Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine(LCSB) University of LuxembourgBelvauxLuxembourg Riken Institute for Medical Sciences(IMS) KanagawaJapan

To date,at least 7 million people are suffering from Parkinson's disease(PD)worldwide,which is the second most prevalent,age-associated,and progressive neurodegenerative disorder(Tysnes and Storstein,2017).Given the accelerated global pace of aging,it becomes of fundamental importance that we start understanding the origins of neurodegeneration in order to develop effective disease modifying *** PD patients suffer from a combination of motor and nonmotor disabilities.

关键词： second patients suffering

Scalar Alternatives and Scalar Inference Involving Adjectives:A Comment on van Tiel,et al.(2016)

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外国语 2019年第3期42卷 2-12页

作者： louise McNally Universitat Pompeu Fabra

Doran, et al.(2009, 2012) and van Tiel, et al.(2016) have presented experimental evidence that gradable adjectives (***) yield scalar inferences (*** not cold) significantly less often than do numerals, quantifiers and modals;their data also reveal considerable variability within the class of adjectives in the frequency with which inferences are likely to be *** Tiel, et *** two main explanations for this variation:differences among pairs of adjectives in what they call scale distinctness (how easy or difficult it is to differentiate the adjectives), and differences in scale availability (how salient the stronger scalar alternative is).They argue that only scale distinctness plays a role, and a rather small one at that;they leave most of the variation *** this comment, I argue that their measures of scale availability were too crude to detect a role for contextual variation in the scalar alternatives that subjects consider, but that this latter variation is, in fact, a very plausible part of the explanation for the results.I discuss some specific ways adjectives might yield different scalar alternatives in different contexts, under sufficiently sophisticated assumptions about their lexical semantics and about the rhetorical structure of discourse.

关键词： scalar implicature adjectives inference alternatives

FOUNDATIONS—THE BASE OF SUSTAINABLE RESIDENTIAL BUILDING DESIGN

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Journal of Green Building 2006年第3期1卷 46-57页

作者： louise F.Goldberg Principal Lofrango Engineering

INTRODUCTION The foundation is perhaps a building’s most challenging envelope component from energy transport and hygrothermal *** such,the foundation literally provides the energy and materials basis on which the sustainability of the entire structure depends from a number of *** foundation can account for as much as 40%of the building envelope conduction loss and,more importantly,in unoccupied conditions,almost all of the latent load(or energy required for dehumidification).From a materials perspective,the foundation has to provide a durable interface between the surrounding ground and the building interior in the presence of bulk water,soil gasses(such as radon,water vapor,and even,on occasion,hydrogen sulphide),frost,biotic activity,and pest infestation while simultaneously being the building’s structural *** an energy perspective,the foundation must insulate the interior from the surrounding soil and ambient environment,and provide an interior surface temperature producing comfortable conditions for the occupants while minimizing both sensible and latent thermal loads to the greatest possible *** all these requirements in a cost-competitive residential housing market is ***,national residential building codes such as the International Residential Code(IRC)and the International Energy Conservation Code(IECC)do provide a least common denominator basis for building adequate foundations,but they do not go nearly far enough from a sustainability perspective,particularly in light of twenty-first century energy *** is reasonable to state that these codes are a generation or two behind what would be an appropriate building regulatory policy for the current times,namely,that residential buildings in particular should be built to a zero net energy standard(that is,no net energy importation across the property line for a given calendar year).The technology to accomplish this standard does exist and i

关键词： interior envelope condensation

A high incidence of non-cavity nesting in an introduced population of House Sparrows suggests that the species should not be constrained by cavity-nest site availability

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Avian Research 2017年第4期8卷 202-209页

作者： Elizabeth louise Sheldon Simon Charles Griffith Department of Biological Sciences Macquarie UniversitySydneyNSW 2109Australia

Background: The House Sparrow(Passer domesticus) has undergone dramatic population declines in many parts of *** has been widely hypothesised that a lack of cavity nest sites has contributed to this *** the idea of the House Sparrow being nest site limited is somewhat incompatible with the long history of nest site plasticity in the ***: The nest-site selection in a population of non-native House Sparrows introduced to Australia from Europe just over 150 years ago was *** prevalence of non-cavity nesting was quantified,and nest-site selection in terms of landscape and nesting structure were ***: Flexible nesting behaviors were reported over a range of different landscapes and a surprisingly high rate of nesting in vegetation(43%) was *** nests found in vegetation were not in cavities,but were woven into the foliage and supported by branches and ***: The high rate of vegetation nesting indicates that in this introduced population,the House Sparrow is unlikely to be constrained by cavity-nest site *** high degree of nest site plasticity in the Australian population may suggest that European House Sparrows have the potential to shift away from their proclivity for cavity *** work in Europe should examine the incidence of non-cavity nesting in House Sparrows more closely,and perhaps reconsider the idea that House Sparrows are nest-site constrained.

关键词： Passer domesticus Cavity nests House Sparrow decline Nesting plasticity

Address by the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Ms. louise Arbour at the Opening Ceremony of the 13th Annual Workshop of the Framework on Regional Cooperation for the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights in the Asia-Pacific Region

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The Journal of Human Rights 2005年第6期4卷 4-6页

作者： louise Arbour the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights.Ms

Does Normobaric Hypoxic Resistance Training Confer Benefit over Normoxic Training in Athletes?A Narrative Review

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2022年第4期4卷 306-314页

作者： louise Deldicque Institute of Neuroscience UCLouvainLouvain-la-NeuveBelgium

Purpose The aim of the present review was to focus on normobaric hypoxic resistance training and to discuss to what extent this method can be efficient for athletes to potentiate classical adaptations to resistance training and thereby *** Search terms related to the topic of the present review such as normobar*,hypox*,resistance exercise,resistance training and performance were inserted in Pubmed and *** total,16 articles made the core of this narrative *** Based on the available literature,2-3 sessions a week performed in hypoxic conditions for 4-6 weeks with a F_(i)O_(2)of 0.14-0.15 should recommended to athletes looking at potentiating the effects of resistance training.A large range of loads has been found to be efficient at inducing physiological effects in hypoxic vs normoxic conditions,from 20%to 90%of the ***,at least the last set should be performed to failure,if not ***,inter-set rest periods should be around 30 s for low-load exercise(30%-40%1-RM),around 60 s for moderate-load exercise(60%-70%1-RM)and 2 min for high-load exercise(85%-90%1-RM).Conclusion While there is no one size fits all and certainly no guarantee of added value over normoxic training,each athlete looking at potentiating the effects of resistance training should try to implement some sessions in hypoxic *** on the individual response,subtle improvements may be expected on muscle strength and mass,velocity and power,as well as hormonal responses to resistance training.

关键词： Muscle mass Strength F_(i)O_(2) Hypoxic chamber Performance

Pancreatic function,quality of life and costs at long-term follow-up after acute pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第39期16卷 4944-4951页

作者： Bodil Andersson Marie-louise Pendse Roland Andersson Department of Surgery Clinical Siences LundLund University Lund University Hospital

AIM:To evaluate long-term endocrine and exocrine pancreatic function,quality of life and health care costs after mild acute pancreatitis and severe acute pancreatitis(SAP).METHODS:Patients prospectively included in 2001-2005 were followed-up after 42(36-53)*** function was evaluated with laboratory tests,the oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT),fecal elastase-1 and a *** Form(SF)-36,was ***:Fourteen patients with a history of SAP and 26 with mild acute pancreatitis were *** glucose after OGTT was higher after SAP(9.2 mmol/L vs 7.0 mmol/L,P=0.044).Diabetes mellitus or impaired glucose tolerance in fasting plasma glucose and/or 120 min plasma glucose were more common in SAP patients(11/14 vs 11/25,P=0.037).Sick leave,time until the patients could take up recreational activities and time until they had recovered were all longer after SAP(P <0.001).No significant differences in SF-36 were seen between the groups,or when comparing with age and gender matched reference *** hospital costs,including primary care,follow-up and treatment of complications,were higher after SAP(median€16572 vs €5000,P<0.001).CONCLUSION:Endocrine pancreatic function was affected,especially after severe *** requires greater resource use with long recovery,but most patients regained a good quality of life.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Endocrine function Exocrine function Quality of life Cost