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Strong variation in frequencies of male and female determiners between neighboring housefly populations

Insect Science 2022年第5期29卷 1470-1482页

作者： Xuan Li Fangfei Lin louis van de Zande Leo W.Beukeboom Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences Faculty of Science and EngineeringUniversity of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands

Sex-determination mechanisms evolve rapidly and vary between species.Occasionally,polymorphic systems are found,like in the housefly.Studying the dynamics and stability of such systems can provide a better understanding of the evolution of sex-determination systems.In the housefly,dominant male-determining loci(M)can lie not only on the Y chromosome(M^(Y)),but also on autosomes(M^(A))or the X chromosome(M^(X)).M enforces male development by inhibiting the female-determining gene transformer(tra).A mutant tra allele,tra^(D),is insensitive to M and is a dominant female determiner.M^(Y) prevails at high latitudes and polymorphic M loci together with tra^(D) at low latitudes.To get more insight into the stability and frequencies of these sex determiners with mutually exclusive dominance,we investigated 5 regional Spanish populations.We found strong variation among populations.Two populations with hemizygous M^(III) were found,2 contained homozygous M^(X) with additional hemizygous mi and M^(II) in 1 population.One population contained homozygous and hemizygous M^(X) with additionally hemizygous M^(II).All females in populations with homozygous M,had tra^(D),whereas no tra^(D) was found in populations without homozygous M.Our results indicate locally stable systems may either harbor a single hemizygous M and no tra^(D),corresponding to a male heterogametic system,or homozygous and/or multiple M and heterozygous tra^(D),reminiscent of a female heterogametic system.They support that M loci can accumulate in the presence of a dominant female determiner.Limited migration between populations may contribute to the stability of these systems.

关键词： aneuploidy housefly polymorphic sex determination recombination regional variation sex-determining loci

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EGFr Expression Is Unreliable to decide for Cetuximab Treatment in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: results from “ErBITUX-OUEST”

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Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2016年第2期6卷 56-67页

作者： Jean-Philippe Metges Erick Gamelin Alain Volant Olivier Capitain Jean-François ramée Jean-Luc raoul Jean-Yves Douillard Pierre-Luc Etienne Isabelle Cumin Olivier Dupuis roger Faroux Marie-Aude Coulon Philippe deguiral Karine Bideau Nacr Eddine Achour Alain Gourlaouen Corinne Alleaume Annie Wdowik Laurent miglianico Yann Touchefeu Vincent Klein Alain Penchet Ludovic rosenfeld Daniel Martin Claire Stampfli Jean-Jacques Auger Alain Bargain Murielle Broyer-Petit Jérome Chettrit louis-rémi de ybarlucea Serge Eloit Pierre Marie Girardot Nathalie Heresbach Christian Laboisse Eric Lavoine Gilles Lemasson Claire Magois Sophie michalak Norbert Padilla Joseph Politis Frédéric Staroz Bruno Turlin Arnaud Uguen Viorel Vasiliu Véronique Verriele Fanny Marhuenda delphine Déniel Lagadec Christian riché Françoise Grudé Observatoire dédié au Cancer des régions Bretagne et Pays de la Loire France Centre Hospitalier régional Universitaire (CHrU) Brest France Institut de Cancérologie de l’Ouest (ICO) Paul Papin Angers France Centre Catherine de Sienne Nantes France CrLCC Eugène Marquis Rennes France ICO rené Gauducheau Nantes France Centre CArIO-HCPA Plérin France Centre Hospitalier Bretagne Sud (CHBS) Lorient France Clinique Victor Hugo Le Mans France Centre Hospitalier Départemental (CHD) La Roche-sur-Yon France CH Le Mans France Clinique Mutualiste de l’Estuaire Saint-Nazaire France CHIC Quimper France Clinique Pasteur Lanroze Brest France CH MORLAIX France CH Saint-Brieuc France CHBA Vannes France CHP Saint-Grégoire France CHU Nantes France Hopital Privé Océane Vannes France Clinique Saint-michel et Sainte-Anne Quimper France Pole Santé Sarthe et Loire La Flèche France Polyclinique du Maine Laval France Polyclinique Sud Quimper France CH Laval France Polyclinique Cesson Sévigné France Laboratoire d’anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques Cholet France Cabinet d’anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques Saint-Malo France Laboratoire d’anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques Lorient France Institut d’histopathologie Nantes France Laboratoire de Pathologie Médicale Laval France ArMOr Pathologie Plérin France Laboratoire d’anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques Rennes France Laboratoire d’anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques Angers France Laboratoire Analyses Biologie Glasgow Brest France CHU Angers France Centre d’anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques Le Mans France Cabinet d’anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques Vannes France Laboratoire d’anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques Quimper France CHU rennes France

Purpose: Although controversial, assessment of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFr) expression is required for the approved indications of Cetuximab in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCrC). With the objective of improving patient selection, “ErBITUX-OUEST” study aimed at analyzing EGFr status in a large cohort of mCrC patients who received cetuximab without preliminary EGFr screening, and assessing the correlation between EGFr status and response to treatment retrospectively. Patients and methods: 332 patients treated with Irinotecan Cetuximab based regimen after progression on irinotecan or oxaliplatin therapy were included. EGFr status was assessed using three available immunohistochemistry (IHC) tests and in situ hybridization in case of negativity. Clinical outcomes of EGFr-positive and EGFr-non-detected (or considered as negative with at least one test) patients were compared. results: Of the 332 samples centrally screened, 194 were classified as full-positive (i.e., EGFr-positive for all three tests), 86 as full-negative, and 52 as discordant. One third of the 131 negative samples with FDA approved test should be reclassified as positive with at least one of the two others tests. regarding results from FDA approved test only, neither objective response rate (Orr), progression-free survival (PFS) nor overall survival (OS) differed significantly between EGFr-negative and EGFr-positive patients (P = 0.788, 0.326 and 0.888, respectively). Similarly, comparison of full-negative to other groups did not show any significant difference in terms of Orr (P = 0.507), PFS (P = 0.222) or OS (P = 0.686). Conclusion: These data strongly argue against mCrC patients selection for Cetuximab treatment based on EGFr expression as measured by currently available IHC technics.

关键词： Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Cetuximab EGFr Expression

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Irritable Bowel Syndrome in General Population of Cotonou: Prevalence and Associated Factors

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第3期13卷 117-130页

作者： Comlan N’déhougbèa Martin Sokpon Aboudou raïmi Kpossou Spéro Ludwig Kpèssou Aden-Henri rodolph Koffi Vignon Jean louis Savi de Tove Akuvi Claude Gildas Adossou Colette Sylvie Azandjèmè Jean Séhonou Hepato-Gastroenterology department National and University Hospital Hubert Koutoukou Maga (CNHU-HKM) Cotonou Benin Clinique Santé du Sud Cotonou Benin Saint Vincent Hospital Worcester USA regional Institute of Public Health (IrSP) Ouidah Benin

Introduction: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a known public health burden in western countries while only a few studies have been published on this disease in Africa. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of IBS in the general adult population of Cotonou (Benin), its associated risk factors and its impact on patients’ daily life. Method: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study conducted over one month. Data was collected via a questionnaire. IBS was defined by the rome IV criteria. results: A total of 768 participants were included, with a male predominance (sex ratio 1.8). The mean age of the participants was 30.6 years, with extremes of 15 to 76 years. The prevalence of IBS in our study was 4.2%. IBS-D was the most common subtype (34.4%). IBS symptoms were influenced by diet (46.9%), stress (31.3%) and lack of sleep (15.6%). In the univariate analysis, the risk factors associated with IBS were: dendi and Otamari ethnicity (p = 0.015), low level of education (p = 0.047), family history of IBS (p = 0.026), smoking (p Conclusion: despite IBS frequency, patients with IBS rarely seek medical attention. The public should therefore be informed about this condition to reduce its impact on their daily life.

关键词： IBS rome IV Criteria Associated Factors Cotonou Benin

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Sliding walls: a new paradigm for fluidic actuation and protocol implementation in microfluidics

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microsystems & Nanoengineering 2020年第1期6卷 1093-1102页

作者： Bastien Venzac Yang Liu Ivan Ferrante Pablo Vargas Ayako Yamada remi Courson Marine Verhulsel Laurent Malaquin Jean-louis Viovy Stephanie descroix Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie Institut CuriePSL Research UniversityCNRS UMR16875005 ParisFrance Sorbonne Universites UPMC Univ Paris 0675005 ParisFrance Institut Pierre-Gilles de Gennes PSL Research University75005 ParisFrance Institut Curie PSL Research UniversityCNRS UMR 14475005 ParisFrance LAAS-CNrS Universitéde ToulouseCNRS31400 ToulouseFrance

Currently,fluidic control in microdevices is mainly achieved either by external pumps and valves,which are expensive and bulky,or by valves integrated in the chip.Numerous types of internal valves or actuation methods have been proposed,but they generally impose difficult compromises between performance and fabrication complexity.We propose here a new paradigm for actuation in microfluidic devices based on rigid or semi-rigid walls with transversal dimensions of hundreds of micrometres that are able to slide within a microfluidic chip and to intersect microchannels with hand-driven or translation stage-based actuation.With this new concept for reconfigurable microfluidics,the implementation of a wide range of functionalities was facilitated and allowed for no or limited dead volume,low cost and low footprint.We demonstrate here several fluidic operations,including on/off or switch valving,where channels are blocked or reconfigured depending on the sliding wall geometry.The valves sustain pressures up to 30kPa.Pumping and reversible compartmentalisation of large microfluidic chambers were also demonstrated.This last possibility was applied to a“4D”migration assay of dendritic cells in a collagen gel.Finally,sliding walls containing a hydrogel-based membrane were developed and used to concentrate,purify and transport biomolecules from one channel to another,such functionality involving complex fluidic transport patterns not possible in earlier microfluidic devices.Overall,this toolbox is compatible with“soft lithography”technology,allowing easy implementation within usual fabrication workflows for polydimethylsiloxane chips.This new technology opens the route to a variety of microfluidic applications,with a focus on simple,hand-driven devices for point-of-care or biological laboratories with low or limited equipment and resources.

关键词： walls hundreds operations

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National trends in alcohol and substance use among adolescents from 2005 to 2021:a Korean serial cross‑sectional study of one million adolescents

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第11期19卷 1071-1081页

作者： Sangil Park Hyunju Yon Chae Yeon Ban Hyoin Shin Seounghyun Eum Seung Won Lee Youn Ho Shin Jung UShin Ai Koyanagi louis Jacob Lee Smith Chanyang min AbdullahÖzgür Yeniova So Young Kim Jinseok Lee Vlasta Hadalin rosie Kwon min Ji Koo Guillaume Fond Laurent Boyer Sunyoung Kim Jong Woo Hahn Namwoo Kim Eléa Lefkir Victoire Bondeville Sang Youl rhee Jae Il Shin Dong Keon Yon Ho Geol Woo department of Neurology Kyung Hee University Medical Center23 Kyungheedae‑roDongdaemun‑guSeoul 02447South Korea department of Medicine Kyung Hee University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea department of Precision Medicine Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea department of Pediatrics CHA Gangnam Medical CenterCHA University School of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea department of dermatology CHA Bundang Medical CenterCHA University School of MedicineSeongnamSouth Korea research and development Unit Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de DeuCIBERSAMISCIIIBarcelonaSpain Catalan Institution for research and Advanced Studies(ICrEA) Pg.Lluis CompanysBarcelonaSpain Faculty of Medicine University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-YvelinesMontigny‑le‑BretonneuxFrance Centre for Health Performance and WellbeingAnglia Ruskin UniversityCambridgeUK Center for Digital Health Medical Science Research InstituteKyung Hee University Medical CenterKyung Hee University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineFaculty of MedicineTokat Gaziosmanpaşa UniversityTokatTurkey department of Otorhinolaryngology‑Head&Neck Surgery CHA Bundang Medical CenterCHA University School of MedicineSeongnamSouth Korea department of Biomedical Engineering Kyung Hee UniversityYonginSouth Korea Faculty of Medicine University of LjubljanaLjubljanaSlovenia department of Biomedical Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA department of Human Biology University of TorontoTorontoONCanada AP-HM Aix-Marseille UniversityCEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life CenterMarseilleFrance FondaMental Foundation CreteilFrance department of Family Medicine Kyung Hee University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea department of Pediatrics Seoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnamSouth Korea department of Neuropsychiatry Seoul National University HospitalSeoulSouth Korea Faculty of Medicine University of Rennes 1RennesFrance department

Background Although previous studies have provided data on early pandemic periods of alcohol and substance use in adolescents,more adequate studies are needed to predict the trends of alcohol and substance use during recent periods,including the mid-pandemic period.This study investigated the changes in alcohol and substance use,except tobacco use,throughout the pre-,early-,and mid-pandemic periods in adolescents using a nationwide serial cross-sectional survey from South Korea.Methods Data on 1,109,776 Korean adolescents aged 13–18 years from 2005 to 2021 were obtained in a survey operated by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency.We evaluated adolescents’alcohol and substance consumption prevalence and compared the slope of alcohol and substance prevalence before and during the COVID-19 pandemic to see the trend changes.We define the pre-COVID-19 period as consisting of four groups of consecutive years(2005–2008,2009–2012,2013–2015,and 2016–2019).The COVID-19 pandemic period is composed of 2020(early-pandemic era)and 2021(midpandemic era).results More than a million adolescents successfully met the inclusion criteria.The weighted prevalence of current alcohol use was 26.8%[95%confidence interval(CI)26.4–27.1]from 2005 to 2008 and 10.5%(95%CI 10.1–11.0)in 2020 and 2021.The weighted prevalence of substance use was 1.1%(95%CI 1.1–1.2)from 2005 to 2008 and 0.7%(95%CI 0.6–0.7)between 2020 and 2021.From 2005 to 2021,the overall trend of use of both alcohol and drugs was found to decrease,but the decline has slowed since COVID-19 epidemic(current alcohol use:βdiff 0.167;95%CI 0.150–0.184;substance use:βdiff 0.152;95%CI 0.110–0.194).The changes in the slope of current alcohol and substance use showed a consistent slowdown with regard to sex,grade,residence area,and smoking status from 2005 to 2021.Conclusion The overall prevalence of alcohol consumption and substance use among over one million Korean adolescents from the early and mid-stage(2020–2021)of the COVID-19 pandemic showed a slower decline than expect

关键词： Alcohol Adolescent Corona virus disease 2019 South Korea Substance use

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Sentinel-1 SAr在洪水范围提取与极化分析中的应用研究

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地球信息科学学报 2021年第6期23卷 1063-1070页

作者：陈赛楠蒋弥河海大学地球科学与工程学院南京211100 中山大学测绘科学与技术学院广州519000

在洪水灾情监测中,快速准确的获取淹没区域和洪灾面积,对防汛救灾和灾后重建工作具有重要价值。本文以2017年美国圣路易斯洪水为例,基于Sentinel-1 SAr数据,利用变化检测和阈值相结合的方法实现大范围洪水淹没提取,将VV/VH极化数据分别... 详细信息

在洪水灾情监测中,快速准确的获取淹没区域和洪灾面积,对防汛救灾和灾后重建工作具有重要价值。本文以2017年美国圣路易斯洪水为例,基于Sentinel-1 SAr数据,利用变化检测和阈值相结合的方法实现大范围洪水淹没提取,将VV/VH极化数据分别与从同期Sentinel-2光学影像中获取的洪水淹没范围进行比较,评定极化方式的洪水适用性优劣程度。不同的SAr极化数据对洪水监测的适用性不同,通过绘制各极化不同时期的后向散射横断面线来分析多极化中的散射响应特征。研究表明:Sentinel-1 VV/VH极化数据均能以超过82%的高精度识别出洪水,VV极化洪水提取时产生的误判更少;在同样的区域,相较于VH,Sentinel-1 VV极化信号的散射程度小了约28%,在洪水中的信息敏感,更适用于洪水灾害的淹没范围监测。

关键词：洪水监测 Sentinel-1 SAr 美国圣路易斯洪水极化分析变化检测淹没范围 Sentinel-2

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Preventing species invasion:A role for integrative taxonomy?

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Integrative Zoology 2016年第3期11卷 214-228页

作者： Maria V.MAZZAMUTO Andrea GALIMBErTI Giacomo CrEMONESI Benoît PISANU Jean-louis CHAPUIS Jan STUYCK Giovanni AMOrI Haijun SU Gaetano ALOISE Damiano G.PrEATONI Lucas A.WAUTErS Maurizio CASIrAGHI Adriano MArTINOLI Environment Analysis and Management Unit-Guido Tosi research Group Department of Theoretical and Applied SciencesUniversity of InsubriaVareseItaly ZooPlantLab Department of Biotechnoly and BiosciencesUniversity of Milano-BicoccaMilanItaly department of Biology and Biotechnology“Charles Darwin ”SapienzaRome UniversityRomeItaly Centre of Ecology and Conservation Sciences Sorbonne UniversityMNHNCNRSUPMCNational Museum of Natural HistoryParisFrance research Institute for Nature and Forestry GeraardsbergenBelgium CNr-Institute of Ecosystem Studies Department of Biology and Biotechnology“Charles Darwin”SapienzaRome UniversityRomeItaly Forestry College Guizhou UniversityGuiyangGuizhouChina University of Calabria Museum of Natural History of Calabria and Botanical GardenArcavacata di Rende(CS)Italy

Integrative taxonomy,a multi-disciplinary approach adding modern techniques to traditional morphology-based methods(e.***.molecular and morphological criteria),can play an important role in bioinvasion research to identify introduced taxa,discover pathways of introduction and inform authorities to control and prevent future introductions.The present study is the first on introduced populations of Callosciurus,Asiatic tree squirrels,known as potentially invasive species in Europe(Italy,Belgium and France).We combined molecular(mitochondrial DNA markers:CoxI,D-loop)and morphometric analysis on skulls,comparing them to the widest morphological and molecular datasets ever assembled for Callosciurus.Squirrels collected in Italy and Belgium share the same haplotypes and skull characteristics,but are conspicuously different from the French population in Antibes.Genetic data revealed close similarity between French squirrels and Pallas’s squirrels,Callosciurus erythraeus,from Taiwan,China.Italian and Belgian squirrels formed an independent taxonomic lineage in genetic analyses,whose taxonomic rank needs further investigation.The morphological and morphometric characteristics of these 2 populations are,however,similar to known specimens assigned to Callosciurus erythraeus.These results may indicate a common origin for the populations found in Belgium and Italy.In contrast,French specimens suggest an independent introduction event of squirrels originating from Asia.

关键词： Callosciurus CoxI D-loop invasive species morphometric analysis

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On the cratonization of the Arabian-Nubian Shield: Constraints from gneissic granitoids in south Eastern desert, Egypt

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第4期12卷 215-243页

作者： Ali A.Khudeir Jean-louis Paquette Kirsten Nicholson Åke Johansson Tyrone O.rooney Sadiq Hamid Mohamed A.El-Fadly Loretta Corcoran Shawn J.Malone Mohamed Ali Abu El-rus Geology department Faculty of ScienceAssiut University71516Egypt UniversitéClermont Auvergne CNRSIRDOPGCLaboratoire Magmas et VolcansF-63000 Clermont-FerrandFrance Ball-State University Department of EnvironmentGeology and Natural Resources117 Fine Art BuildingMuncieIN 47306USA department of Geosciences Swedish Museum of Natural HistoryBox 50007SE-10405 StockholmSweden department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Michigan-State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Notre Dame University Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences156 Fitzpatrick HallNotre DameIN 46556USA

The Shaitian granite complex(SGC)spans more than 80 Ma of crustal growth in the Arabian–Nubian Shield in southeast Egypt.It is a voluminous composite intrusion(60 km2)comprising a host tonalite massif intruded by subordinate dyke-like masses of trondhjemite,granodiorite and monzogranite.The host tonalite,in turn,encloses several,fine-grained amphibolite enclaves.U-Pb zircon dating indicates a wide range of crystallization ages within the SGC(800±18Ma for tonalites;754±3.9 Ma for trondhjemite;738±3.8 Ma for granodiorite;and 717±3.2 Ma for monzogranite),suggesting crystallization of independent magma pulses.The high positiveεNdi(+6–+8)indicate that the melting sources were dominated by juvenile material without any significant input from older crust.Application of zircon saturation geothermometry indicates increasing temperatures during the generation of melts from 745±31℃ for tonalite to 810±25℃ for trondhjemite;840±10℃ for granodiorite;and 868±10℃ for monzogranite.The pressure of partial melting is loosely constrained to be below the stability of residual garnet(r)as inferred fromthe almost flat HrEE pattern((Gd/Lu)N=0.9–1.1),but>3 kbar for the stability of residual amphibole as inferred from the significantly lower NbN and TaN compared with LrEEN and the sub-chondrite Nb/Ta ratios exhibited by the granitic phases.The inverse relation between the generation temperatures and the ages estimates of the granitoid lithologies argue against a significant role of fractional crystallization.The major and trace element contents indicate the emplacement of the SGC within a subduction zone setting.It lacks distinctive features for melt derived from a subducted slab(e.***.high Sr/Y and high(La/Yb)N ratios),and the relatively low MgO and Ni contents in all granite phases within the SGC suggest melting within the lower crust of an island arc overlying a mantlewedge.Comparisonwith melts produced during melting experiments indicates an amphibolite of basaltic composition is the best candidate as source for the tonalite,tron

关键词： Arabian-Nubian Shield(ANS) Cratonization Fractional crystallization Partial melting Subduction zones Tonalite-Trondhjemite-granodiorite(TTG)

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Estimated prevalence and trends in smoking among adolescents in South Korea,2005-2021:a nationwide serial study

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第4期19卷 366-377页

作者： Hyoin Shin Sangil Park Hyunju Yon Chae Yeon Ban Stephen Turner Seong Ho Cho Youn Ho Shin Jung U.Shin Ai Koyanagi louis Jacob Lee Smith Chanyang min Young Joo Lee So Young Kim Jinseok Lee rosie Kwon min Ji Koo Guillaume Fond Laurent Boyer Jong Woo Hahn Namwoo Kim Sang Youl rhee Jae Il Shin Ho Geol Woo Hyeowon Park Hyeon Jin Kim Yoonsung Lee Man S.Kim Eléa Lefkir Vlasta Hadalin Jungwoo Choi Seung Won Lee Dong Keon Yon Sunyoung Kim department of Medicine Kyung Hee University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea department of Neurology Kyung Hee University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea Maternity and Child Health Division NHS Grampian AberdeenAberdeenUK Division of Allergy-Immunology University of South Florida Morsani College of MedicineTampaFLUSA department of Pediatrics CHA Gangnam Medical CenterCHA University School of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea department of dermatology CHA Bundang Medical CenterCHA University School of MedicineSeongnamSouth Korea research and development Unit Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de DeuCIBERSAMISCIIIBarcelonaSpain Catalan Institution for research and Advanced Studies(ICrEA) Pg.Lluis CompanysBarcelonaSpain Faculty of Medicine University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-YvelinesMontigny-Le-BretonneuxFrance Centre for Health Performance and WellbeingAnglia Ruskin UniversityCambridgeUK Center for Digital Health Medical Science Research InstituteKyung Hee University Medical CenterKyung Hee University College of Medicine23 Kyungheedae-RoDongdaemun-GuSeoul02447South Korea department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Kyung Hee University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery CHA Bundang Medical CenterCHA University School of MedicineSeongnamSouth Korea department of Biomedical Engineering Kyung Hee UniversityYonginSouth Korea department of Biomedical Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA department of Human Biology University of TorontoTorontoONCanada AP-HM Aix-Marseille Univ.CEReSS—Health Service Research and Quality of Life CenterMarseilleFrance FondaMental Foundation CreteilFrance department of Pediatrics Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea department of Neuropsychiatry Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Kyung Hee University School of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea department of Pediatrics Yonsei University College of

Background Although smoking is classified as a risk factor for severe COVID-19 outcomes,there is a scarcity of studies on prevalence of smoking during the COVID-19 pandemic.Thus,this study aims to analyze the trends of prevalence of smoking in adolescents over the COVID-19 pandemic period.Methods The present study used data from middle to high school adolescents between 2005 and 2021 who participated in the Korea Youth risk Behavior Web-based Survey(KYrBS).We evaluated the smoking prevalence(ever or daily)by year groups and estimated the slope in smoking prevalence before and during the pandemic.results A total of 1,137,823 adolescents participated in the study[mean age,15.04 years[95%confidence interval(CI)15.03-15.06];and male,52.4%(95%CI 51.7-53.1)].The prevalence of ever smokers was 27.7%(95%CI 27.3-28.1)between 2005 and 2008 but decreased to 9.8%(95%CI 9.3-10.3)in 2021.A consistent trend was found in daily smokers,as the estimates decreased from 5.4%(95%CI 5.2-5.6)between 2005 and 2008 to 2.3%(95%CI 2.1-2.5)in 2021.However,the downward slope in the overall prevalence of ever smokers and daily smokers became less pronounced in the COVID-19 pandemic period than in the pre-pandemic period.In the subgroup with substance use,the decreasing slope in daily smokers was significantly more pronounced during the pandemic than during the pre-pandemic period.Conclusions The proportion of ever smokers and daily smokers showed a less pronounced decreasing trend during the pandemic.The findings of our study provide an overall understanding of the pandemic's impact on smoking prevalence in adolescents.

关键词： Adolescent COVID-19 Daily smokers Ever smokers Pandemic Smoking

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Activation of rAS/MAPK pathway confers MCL-1 mediated acquired resistance to BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax in acute myeloid leukemia

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第3期7卷 856-868页

作者： Qi Zhang Bridget riley-Gillis Lina Han Yanan Jia Alessia Lodi Haijiao Zhang Saravanan Ganesan rongqing Pan Sergej N.Konoplev Shannon r.Sweeney Jeremy A.ryan Yulia Jitkova Kenneth Dunner Jr Shaun E.Grosskurth Priyanka Vijay Sujana Ghosh Charles Lu Wencai Ma Stephen Kurtz Vivian r.ruvolo Helen Ma Connie CWeng Cassandra Lramage Natalia Baran Ce Shi Tianyu Cai richard Eric Davis Venkata L.Battula Yingchang mi Jing Wang Courtney D.DiNardo michael Andreeff Jeffery W.Tyner Aaron Schimmer Anthony Letai rose Ann Padua Carlos E.Bueso-ramos Stefano Tiziani Joel Leverson relja Popovic Marina Konopleva department of Leukemia The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTXUSA AbbVie Inc. North ChicagoILUSA Institute of Hematology Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjinChina department of Nutritional Sciences Department of PediatricsDepartment of OncologyDell Medical SchoolThe University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA department of Cell Developmental&Cancer BiologyDivision of Hematology&Medical OncologyKnight Cancer InstituteOregon Health&Science UniversityPortlandORUSA Universite de Paris Institut de la Recherche Saint-Louis(IRSL)Inserm Unit 1131ParisFrance Dana-Farber Cancer Institute BostonMAUSA department of Hematopathology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTXUSA Princess Margaret Cancer Center TorontoONCanada High resolution Electron microscopy Facility The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTXUSA department of Bioinformatics&Computational Biology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTXUSA department of Hematology The First Hospital Affiliated Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina department of Lymphoma&Myeloma research The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTXUSA

despite high initial response rates,acute myeloid leukemia(AML)treated with the BCL-2-selective inhibitor venetoclax(VEN)alone or in combinations commonly acquires resistance.We performed gene/protein expression,metabolomic and methylation analyses of isogenic AML cell lines sensitive or resistant to VEN,and identified the activation of rAS/MAPK pathway,leading to increased stability and higher levels of MCL-1 protein,as a major acquired mechanism of VEN resistance.

关键词： acute myeloid acquired

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