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Efficacy of super-pulsed 905 nm Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) in the management of Traumatic Brain Inj.ry (TBI): A case study

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World j.urnal of Neuroscience 2012年第4期2卷 231-233页

作者： William Stephan louis j. banas Matthew Bennett Huseyin Tunceroglu Bennett Health and Wellness New York USA University of Buffalo School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences New York USA William Stephan M.D. Limited Liability Company (LLC) New York USA

Traumatic brain inj.ry is a maj.r health concern worldwide with massive financial and social impact. Conventional treatments primarily focus on the prevention of further damage to the brain parenchyma, while failing to address the already existent symptoms. Previous clinical studies have shown that Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) can significantly reduce pain and induce temporary vasodilation in capillaries, which the authors hypothesize can be used to improve the quality of life in TBI patients by treating their current symptoms, which are predominately migraine-like headaches. This case report illustrates the use of LLLT in the treatment of a patient with a TBI and the great clinical success achieved in the reduction of pain, as measured by VAS—achievable within five treatments of 10 minutes in duration.

关键词： Traumatic Brain Inj.ry Low Level Laser Therapy LLLT Chronic Migraines Headaches

Efficacy of Photobiomodulation for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): Case Studies

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World j.urnal of Neuroscience 2022年第3期12卷 136-143页

作者： William Stephan louis j. banas William Brierley Michael R. Hamblin Invision Health Buffalo NY USA Laser Innovations Amherst NY USA Laser Research Centre Faculty of Health Science University of Johannesburg Doornfontein South Africa

Extensive research has now been conducted and published for the treatment of dementia or Alzheimer’s disease, traumatic brain inj.ry (TBI) and other brain disorders using photobiomodulation (PBM), also known as low-level laser therapy (LLLT). However, minimal information is available regarding the use of LLLT for the treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). We have been using LLLT in our practice for over 15 years addressing chronic pain and inj.ry issues. However, our work with brain inj.ries is more recent, and we have published three case studies, one describing a serious traumatic brain inj.ry and two describing our success with dementia/Alzheimer’s disease and PTSD. Currently, there is very little published evidence regarding efficacious therapy for ADHD. The case studies presented here, suggest that LLLT can provide alleviation of these symptoms, with some improvement reported after j.st a single treatment, without any need for pharmaceutical intervention.

关键词： Photobiomodulation Mitochondria Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) Case Studies

Photobiomodulation with Super-Pulsed Laser Shows Efficacy for Stroke and Aphasia: Case Studies

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World j.urnal of Neuroscience 2023年第1期13卷 12-20页

作者： William Stephan louis j. banas Matthew Misiak William Brierley Michael R. Hamblin Invision Health Buffalo USA Laser Innovations Amherst USA Laser Research Centre Faculty of Health Science University of Johannesburg Doornfontein South Africa

Background: Brain disorders have become more and more common today, due to both the aging population and the ever-expanding sports community. However, a new therapeutic technology called photobiomodulation (PBM) is giving hope to thousands of individuals in need. Traumatic brain inj.ry (TBI), dementia, post traumatic stress (PTSD) and attention deficit (ADD) disorders are in many cases quickly and safely improved by PBM. PBM employs red or near-infrared (NIR) light (600 - 1100 nm) to stimulate healing, protect tissue from dying, increase mitochondrial function, improve blood flow, and tissue oxygenation. PBM can also act to reduce edema, increase antioxidants, decrease inflammation, protect against apoptosis, and modulate the microglial activation state. All these effects can occur when light is delivered to the head, and can be beneficial in both acute and chronic brain conditions. Methods: In this case series, we used a high power, FDA-approved superpulsed laser system applied to the head to treat four chronic stroke patients. Patients received as few as three 6 - 9 minute treatments over a one-week period. The follow up time varied, but in one case was two years. Results: Patients showed significant improvement in their speech and verbal skills. Improvements were also noticed in walking ability, limb movement, less numbness, and better vision. Conclusion: The use of PBM in stroke rehabilitation deserves to be tested in controlled clinical trials, because this common condition has no approved pharmaceutical treatment at present.

关键词： Low-Level Laser Therapy Photobiomodulation Stroke Rehabilitation Traumatic Brain Inj.ry Alzheimer’s Disease Aphasia

Management of Post-Traumatic Stress (PTSD) Dementia and Other Neuro-Degenerative Disease with Photo-Medicine: Clinical Experience and Case Studies

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Open j.urnal of Psychiatry 2017年第4期7卷 386-394页

作者： William Stephan Ronald Aung Din louis j. banas j.hn Thomas Carolyn Kochert Randy j. Lamartiniere Carol Spooner Gerard Pesca Dudley Chewning Eddy 4080 Delaware Ave Tonawanda New York USA 3501 Cattlemen Drive Sarasota FL USA 3218 Daugherty Ave Suite Lafayette IN USA Photo-Medicine 8676 Goodwood Boulevard Baton Rouge LA USA Laser Innovations LLC 2451 East Baseline Road Gilbert AZ USA LMFT 820 Jordan St. Suite 570 Shreveport LA USA

Obj.ctive: Photobiomodulation (also known as Low Level Laser. LLLT or Cold Laser;Photo Medicine (PM)) has been a vital adj.nct therapy in our clinical practice over 5 years, observations of improvement in cognition and personality were noted in several patients. As a result, selected patients with Alzheimer’s Disease, vascular dementia, post-traumatic brain inj.ry and other neuro-degenerative diseases were treated at clinical practices in Buffalo, New York;Sarasota, Florida;Lafayette, Indiana;Phoenix, Az., and Baton Rouge, La. Over 60 patients were treated with an average of 4 times over an 8-day period all reported/exhibited improvement in their condition, except that two men who were in their seventies were in robust health but had no short-term memory and no improvement was observed. However, Theralase has developed a more efficacious system which will be more efficacious, due to increased power for ATP activation. Method: Over 150 patients with the above conditions were treated in various areas (depending on diagnosis) including the prefrontal cortex, temporal lobe, Hippocampus, and Circle of Willis for duration of two and one-half minutes every 48 hours for 5 - 6 treatments. We utilized the Theralase multi-probe (905 nm/660 nm) at 60 miliwatts. It utilizes 5 - 905 nm near infra-red diodes and 4 infra-red 660 laser diodes with a peak power of 50,000 milliwatts at peak and pulse duration of 200 nanoseconds [1]. The PTSD patients were evaluated utilizing the co-occurring disorders program screening and assessment form. Conclusion: Dementia patients exhibited varying degrees of improvement in cognitive function and personality, leading to improved quality of life and decreased caregiver burden. PTSD patients’ improvement was obj.ctively measured by formal neuropsychological testing utilizing the form. All PTSD patients scored no emotional problems after 3 - 5 treatments and all experienced overall sense of well-being. One experienced return of ability to smell he h

关键词： Photobiomodulation Photo Medicine (PM) Neuroregeneration Neuro-Degenerative Disease Small Vessel Disease (SVD)

Should cross-sex hormone treatment of transsexual subj.cts vary with ethnic group？

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Asian j.urnal of Andrology 2014年第6期16卷 809-810页

作者： louis j.Gooren Department of Endocrinology VU University MedicalCenter Amsterdam the Netherlands Androconsult ChiangMai Thailand

Guidelines for cross-sex hormone treatment of transsexual people have been developed, but no attention has been paid to the specifics of ethnic groups. South East （SE） Asian male-to-female （MtoF） transsexual people may be able to transition to the female sex with lower doses of estrogens/progestins than Caucasians thus reducing health risks. Female-to-male （FtoM） may virilize less profoundly with standard doses of androgens, but this is probably sufficient to pass acceptably as men in view of the less pronounced sex differences in physique in Asians compared with Caucasians. It is timely that studies in Asians are conducted to get a better insight into their specific needs and risks of cross-sex hormone treatment.

关键词： @@

Olympic sports and transsexuals

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Asian j.urnal of Andrology 2008年第3期10卷 427-432页

作者： louis j. Gooren Departmen of Endocrinology VU University Medical Center Amsterdam 1007 MB the Netherlands

Sex segregation in competitive sports is regarded as fair. Before puberty boys and girls do not differ in height, muscle and bone mass. Testosterone （T） exposure during puberty leads to an ultimate average greater height in men of 12-15 cm, longer and larger bones and muscle mass and strength and higher hemoglobin levels. Postpubertal androgen ablation reverses, at least in part, previous anabolic effects of T on muscle, bone mineral density and hemoglobin but the long bones remain longer and wider. T administration dose dependently increases muscle mass and maximal voluntary strength. Therefore, exogenous androgens, being performance enhancing drugs, are banned for all athletes. An issue is the participation in competitive sports of people with errors of sexual differentiation and particularly transsexuals who have been sex-reassigned. In view of the effects of T, a clear demarcation is whether sex reassignment has taken place before or after hormonal puberty. Pubertal effects of T are in part reversible but there is no reliable evidence as to its completeness. The International Olympic Committee （IOC） has taken an inevitably arbitrary decision with regard to participation of sex-reassigned transsexuals in elite sports： sex reassign- ment must have taken place at least two years earlier, hormone treatment must be appropriate for the reassigned sex and the reassigned sex must be legally recognized. The IOC policy is not binding for other organizations.

关键词： sports sex difference gender testosterone muscle

Exploration of functional health, mental well-being and cross-sex hormone use in a sample of Thai male-to-female transgendered persons （kathoeys）

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Asian j.urnal of Andrology 2013年第2期15卷 280-285,I0009,I0010页

作者： louis j.Gooren Tanapong Sungkaew Erik j.Giltay VU university medical center Amsterdam 1081 HV The Netherlands Androconsult Chiang Mai 50220 Thailand Department of Psychiatry Leiden University Medical Center Leiden 5000 AB The Netherlands

Transgender people sometimes use cross-sex hormones without medical supervision. The use of cross-sex hormones, as well as the functional health and mental well-being, among male-to-female transgendered people （＇kathoeys＇） in Chiang Mai, Thailand, was studied. Sixty kathoeys were interviewed regarding their use of cross-sex hormones and their familyrelationships. Individuals also completed the Life Orientation Test Revised （LOT-R） to assess dispositional optimism, the Social Functioning Questionnaire （SFQ） and the Short Form Health Survey 36 （SF-36）. Three categories were established as follows： those who never cross-dress, those who sometimes cross-dress and those who always cross-dress in public. Of the 60 subj.cts, 44 had used hormones for prolonged periods （9.7＋6.1 years）. Their use was related to the permanence of cross-dressing but unrelated to functional health and mental well-being. Fifty percent of subj.cts had overdosed on commonly used oral contraceptives. Three people used inj.ctable oestrogen in a higher-than-recommended dose. Self-acceptance was high or reasonably good （83%） compared to no acceptance （17%）, and neither was related to the permanence of cross-dressing. Their acceptance by parents and siblings was also relatively high （85% and 89%, respectively）. The permanence of cross-dressing had no effect on the scores of optimism, SF-36 scores and social functioning. Acceptance by oneself or one＇s parents did not seem to affect most aspects of functional health and mental well-being, but non-acceptance by siblings generated lower scores on the social functioning and general mental health subscales. Stressors tended to include physical rather than social factors. In conclusion, the unsupervised use of cross-sex hormones was common among kathoeys, and 50% of the sample had overdosed on them. Acceptance was relatively good, except by siblings. New strategies are needed for a more responsible use of cross-sex hormones.

关键词： cross-sex hormones functional health kathoeys optimism transgender well-being

A CONSIDERATION OF THE PALEONTOLOGICAL CONTRIBUTIONS OF WILL DOWNS WITH A GENERAL CORRELATION OF CHINESE NEOGENE LOCALITIES

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古脊椎动物学报(中英文） 2004年第4期42卷 340-344页

作者： Catherine BADGLEY,Lawrence j. FLYNN,louis L. j.COBS,louis H. TAYLOR Museum of Paleontology University of Michigan Ann Arbor Peabody Museum Harvard University Cambridge Department of Geological Sciences Southern Methodist University Dallas Denver Museum of Nature and Science Denver Michigan 48109-1079 USA Massachusetts 02138 USA Texas 75275 USA Colorado 801280-6419 USA

William R. Downs, Ⅲ, known as Dong Weilin to many friends, died a relatively young man ( 1950 ～ 2002) at the height of his career in *** career began at the Museum of Northern Arizona in 1975. One of his early tasks was the preparation of Triassic cynodonts from Antarctica for Edwin ***, then Curator Emeritus of the American Museum of Natural History and Curator of Vertebrate Paleontology at the Museum of Northern Arizona (Colbert and Kitching, 1977). Will prepared the Early j.rassic armored ornithischian Scutellosaurus for Colbert (1981), and he collected and prepared a skull of Pentaceratops from the Cretaceous of the San j.an Basin (Rowe et al., 1981 ).One of his early ventures into screen-washing was near the Pentaceratops site in the San j.an Basin (Flynn, 1986) where mammals were poorly represented. In the mid-1980' s, Will left the Museum of Northern Arizona to become affiliated with Northern Arizona University, also in Flagstaff. In addition, he was briefly employed to revamp the fossil preparation laboratories at Southern Methodist University in Dallas, during which time he j.ined in excavations of a large series of small primitive ornithopods in Texas (Winkler et al.,1988). He maintained an office at the Bilby Research Center, and then the Department of Geology,at Northern Arizona University until the time of his death

关键词： China Neogene fossil mammals Will Downs

Aggregation behavior of Harmonia axyridis under non-wintering conditions

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Insect Science 2015年第5期22卷 670-678页

作者： Delphine Durieux Berenice Fassotte j.an-louis Deneubourg Yves Brostaux Axel Vandereycken Emilie j.ie Eric Haubruge Frangois j. Verheggen Functional and Evolutionary Entomology Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech University of Liege Gembloux Belgium Unit of Social Ecology Universite libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium and Applied Statistics Computer Science and Mathematics Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech University of Liege Gembloux Belgium

The invasive multicolored Asian ladybeetle, Harmonia axyridis （Pallas）（Coleoptera： Coceinellidae）, aggregates inside dwellings during winter to avoid cold weather. This adaptive behavior disturbs homeowners, because of the large numbers of individuals that aggregate, which induces allergic reactions. The migratory flight patterns of this species have been well documented, with individuals preferentially moving toward prominent and high color contrast elements. However, the factors involved in the selection of aggregation sites by this species have yet to be elucidated. Here, we evaluated the influ- ence of （i） the density of individuals and （ii） the type of available shelters on decisions by H. axyridis to settle and aggregate under shelters. A dual choice bioassay conducted in the laboratory demonstrated the presence of mutual attraction to conspecifics. We also found that individuals preferentially settled under red covered shelters compared to transparent shelters, and that the type of shelter outweighed the effect of social interactions among conspecifics. Moreover, this experiment was performed under non-wintering conditions, providing the first evidence that aggregative behavior in this species can also occur under those specific conditions.

关键词： group effect invasive species luminosity multicolored Asian ladybeetle shelter selection social behavior