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Neurodegenerative diseases:a hotbed for splicing defects and the potential therapies

Translational Neurodegeneration 2021年第2期10卷 195-212页

作者： Dunhui Li craig stewart McIntosh Frank louis Mastaglia steve Donald Wilton May Thandar Aung-Htut centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics Health Futures InstituteMurdoch UniversityPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational science Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological DisordersThe University of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia

Precursor messenger RNA(pre-mRNA)splicing is a fundamental step in eukaryotic gene expression that systematically removes non-coding regions(introns)and ligates coding regions(exons)into a continuous message(mature mRNA).This process is highly regulated and can be highly flexible through a process known as alternative splicing,which allows for several transcripts to arise from a single gene,thereby greatly increasing genetic plasticity and the diversity of *** splicing is particularly prevalent in neuronal cells,where the splicing patterns are continuously changing to maintain cellular homeostasis and promote neurogenesis,migration and synaptic *** continuous changes in splicing patterns and a high demand on many cis-and trans-splicing factors contribute to the susceptibility of neuronal tissues to splicing *** resultant neurodegenerative diseases are a large group of disorders defined by a gradual loss of neurons and a progressive impairment in neuronal *** of the most common neurodegenerative diseases involve some form of splicing defect(s),such as Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease and spinal muscular *** growing understanding of RNA splicing has led to the explosion of research in the field of splice-switching antisense oligonucleotide *** we review our current understanding of the effects alternative splicing has on neuronal differentiation,neuronal migration,synaptic maturation and regulation,as well as the impact on neurodegenerative *** will also review the current landscape of splice-switching antisense oligonucleotides as a therapeutic strategy for a number of common neurodegenerative disorders.

关键词： Neurodegenerative diseases Parkinson’s disease Alzheimer’s disease Alternative splicing splicing defects Antisense oligonucleotides splice-switching Disease-modifying treatment

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spontaneous Imbibition of Water and Determination of Effective contact Angles in the Eagle Ford shale Formation Using Neutron Imaging

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Journal of Earth science 2017年第5期28卷 874-887页

作者： Victoria H.Distefano Michael c.cheshire Joanna McFarlane Lindsay M.Kolbus Richard E.Hale Edmund Perfect Hassina Z.Bilheux louis J.santodonato Daniel s.Hussey David L.Jacobson Jacob M.LaManna Philip R.Bingham Vitaliy starchenko Lawrence M.Anovitz Physical sciences Directorate Chemical Sciences Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Bredesen center University of Tennessee Energy & Environmental sciences Directorate Energy & Transportation Sciences Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Neutron sciences Directorate Chemical and Engineering Materials Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Nuclear science & Engineering Directorate Reactor & Nuclear Systems Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Department of Earth and Planetary science University of Tennessee Neutron sciences Directorate Instrument and Source Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Physical Measurement Laboratory National Institute of Standards and Technology Energy & Environmental sciences Directorate Electrical & Electronics Systems Research DivisionOak Ridge National Laboratory

Understanding of fundamental processes and prediction of optimal parameters during the horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing process results in economically effective improvement of oil and natural gas extraction. Although modern analytical and computational models can capture fracture growth, there is a lack of experimental data on spontaneous imbibition and wettability in oil and gas reservoirs for the validation of further model development. In this work, we used neutron im- aging to measure the spontaneous imbibition of water into fractures of Eagle Ford shale with known geometries and fracture orientations. An analytical solution for a set of nonlinear second-order diffe- rential equations was applied to the measured imbibition data to determine effective contact angles. The analytical solution fit the measured imbibition data reasonably well and determined effective con- tact angles that were slightly higher than static contact angles due to effects of in-situ changes in veloci- ty, surface roughness, and heterogeneity of mineral surfaces on the fracture surface. Additionally, small fracture widths may have retarded imbibition and affected model fits, which suggests that aver- age fracture widths are not satisfactory for modeling imbibition in natural systems.

关键词： spontaneous imbibition effective contact angle neutron imaging Eagle Ford shale rock fractures.

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Kinematic History and changes in the Tectonic stress Regime during the cenozoic along the Qinling and southern tanlu Fault Zones

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Acta Geologica sinica(English Edition) 1999年第3期73卷 264-274页

作者： ZHANG Yueqiao Pierre Vergèly Jacques-louis Mercier WANG Yongmin ZHANG Yong HUANG Dezhi Institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of GeologyBeijing 100081China URA-cNRs:Géophysique et Géodynamique Interne Universitéde Parie-SudBatment 509F-91405Orsay-CedexFrance Institute of Geology Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resouces of Anhui ProvinceHefeiChina

since the mid-late Eocene, North china has been subjected to extensional stress, resulting in the formation and development of basins. The dynamic origin of this crustal extension has long been an issue of debate. This paper presents the results of kinematic analyses of faults obtained from two seperated areas in North china. In the Weihe graben situated on the southernmost margin of the Ordos block, analyses of fault kinematics were coupled with an analysis of the basin's subsidence history. Three successive extensional tectonic phases accompaning the basin's formation and development have been distinguished. The Palaeogene extension was oriented in a WNW-EsE direction; the Neogene extension in a NE-sW direction and the Pliocene-Quaternary extension in a NW-sE direction. such changes have also been recorded by fault kinematics along the southern tanlu fault zone. This has been demonstrated by three successive sets of fault striations indicating normal dip slip resulting from NW-sE extension, then left-lateral slip with a normal component resulting from NE-sW extension, and right-lateral slip with a minor normal component, respectively. The kinematic history of faults and their chronological evolution indicate changes in continental dynamics acting in North china over cenozoic time.

关键词： fault kinematics tectonic stress regime Qinling and tanlu fault zones

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Justice and ＂Divine Violence＂ in Melville＇s Billy Budd

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Journal of Philosophy study 2015年第4期5卷 187-196页

作者： louis Lo National Taipei University of Technology

Reading Herman Melville＇s Billy Budd as a revenge text, this paper examines the actions of the three protagonists against each other, including John claggart＇s revenge against Billy Budd, the reason for which are matters for speculation, and Billy＇s violence towards claggart in front of captain Vere, and Vere＇s insistence on enforcing the martial law to judge Billy. I argue that law is operating politically, however just it seems, and maintain that Billy＇s act of violence towards claggart is in Benjamin＇s words ＂divine violence,＂ which is on the side of justice, as opposed to law. comparing different interpretations of this posthumous novella regarding revenge and violence, this paper revisits what deconstruction has to say about divine violence, attempting to shed light on the relationship between justice and divine violence. 1 argue that there is something ＂devilish＂ in Melville＇s text, refusing to settle down on any single, close interpretation, and that ＂inner diabolism＂（in D. H. Lawrence＇s words） is even critical of Billy＇s innocence.

关键词： Melville Billy Budd justice violence revenge law Benjamin Den-ida

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Role of endoscopic ultrasound in the molecular diagnosis of pancreatic cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第31期20卷 10758-10768页

作者： Barbara Bournet Marion Gayral Jérme Torrisani Janick selves Pierre cordelier louis Buscail Department of Gastroenterology CHU Toulouse Rangueil University of Toulouse INsERM UMR 1037 CHU Toulouse Rangueil University of Toulouse Department of Pathology CHU Toulouse Purpan University of Toulouse

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma remains one of the most deadly types of tumor. Endoscopic ultrasoundguided fine-needle aspiration(EUs-FNA) is a safe, cost-effective, and accurate technique for evaluating and staging pancreatic tumors. However, EUs-FNA may be inconclusive or doubtful in up to 20% of cases. This review underlines the clinical interest of the molecular analysis of samples obtained by EUs-FNA in assessing diagnosis or prognosis of pancreatic cancer, especially in locally advanced tumors. On EUs-FNA materials DNA, mRNA and miRNA can be extracted, amplified, quantified and subjected to methylation assay. Kras mutation assay, improves diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. When facing to clinical and radiological presentations of pseudo-tumorous chronic pancreatitis, wildtype Kras is evocative of benignity. conversely, in front of a pancreatic mass suspected of malignancy, a mutated Kras is highly evocative of pancreatic adenocarci-noma. This strategy can reduce false-negative diagnoses, avoids the delay of making decisions and reduces loss of surgical resectability. similar approaches are conducted using analysis of miRNA expression as well as Mucin or markers of invasion(s100P, s100A6, PLAT or PLAU). Beyond the diagnosis approach, the prediction of response to treatment can be also investigated form biomarkers expression within EUs-FNA materials.

关键词： Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration solid pancreatic mass KRAs-mutation assay qPcR analysis Micro-RNA chronic pancreatitis

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German Poetry in African Languages： The Translation of selected German Poems From an Intercultural Perspective

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Journal of Literature and Art studies 2017年第3期7卷 255-263页

作者： louis Ndong University cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal

The article deals with the translation of German poetry into Wolof and is based on Tamsir Annes＇s translation of German poems under the title Tdere-Woy yi/Das Buch der Lieder. My purpose in this paper is to answer the question of how elements of the vocabulary of sciences （literature and philosophy） as well as cultural specific items are rendered in the Wolof target text. Therefore, in this work, I explore methods and strategies of translation like borrowings, paraphrases, and analyze furthermore some differences noticeable in the translation of some poems at the cultural level. These analysis-steps enable the investigation of, contextually, the central issue of ＂cultural translatability＂ and the reception of translation of European poetry into African languages in general and German poetry into Wolof in particular. The article also focuses on the importance of the reception of German poetry in Wolof as a means of intercultural communication between German and Wolof-speaking countries but as means to develop African languages like Wolof in which the translation of the selected poems has been operated.

关键词： translation poetry cultural strategies intercultural communication

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The Bell Inequalities: Identifying What Is Testable and What Is Not

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Journal of Modern Physics 2020年第5期11卷 725-740页

作者： louis sica Institute for Quantum studies Chapman University Orange CA & Burtonsville MD USA Inspire Institute Inc. Alexandria VA USA

The Bell theorem and inequality were derived as consequences of seemingly reasonable physical and statistical hypotheses. Bell’s assumptions were used to deduce cross-correlations of three spin measurements on two entangled particles neglecting non-commutation. The assumed correlation functions, later confirmed for certain quantum measurements, violate the Bell inequality. The present paper reviews a more general derivation of the Bell inequality showing that it is identically satisfied by finite data sets whether deterministic or random, after assuming merely that they exist. It is thereafter concerned with the consequences of this result for interpretations of the inequality that result in its violation. A primary finding is that correlation functions have differing forms due to quantum commutation, non-commutation, and conditions of measurement, and result in satisfaction of the Bell inequality used consistently with its derivation. A stochastic process having the same correlation function for all variable pairs is shown to be inconsistent with experimentally reported data. The logic of the three and four variable inequalities is shown to be similar. Finally the inequalities in probabilities are shown to follow from those in correlations with quantum mechanical results satisfying either when properly implemented.

关键词： Bell Theorem Bell Inequality Entanglement Locality correlations Hidden Variables Non-commutation commutation cross-correlations Non-stationary

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Molten salt-shielded synthesis(Ms^(3))of MXenes in Air

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2023年第2期6卷 159-164页

作者： Jinjin chen Qianqian Jin Youbing Li Hui shao Pengcheng Liu Ying Liu Pierre-louis Taberna Qing Huang Zifeng Lin Patrice simon college of Materials science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Materials science and Engineering Research center Guangxi University of Science and TechnologyLiuzhou 545006China Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China Qianwan Institute of cNiTEcH Zhongchuangyi RoadHangzhou Bay DistrictNingbo 315336China cIRIMAT Universit´e de ToulouseCNRSToulouse 31400France R´eseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l’Energie(RS2E)FR CNRS no 3459 Engineering Research center of Alternative Energy Materials&Devices Ministry of EducationChina

MXenes are two-dimensional transition metal carbides and/or nitrides with unique physiochemical properties and have attracted extensive interest in numerous ***,current MXene synthesis methods are limited by hazardous synthesis conditions,high production costs,or difficulty in largescale ***,a general,safe,cost-effective,and scalable synthesis method for MXenes is ***,we report the fast synthesis of MXenes in the open air using a molten salt-shielded synthesis(Ms^(3))method,which uses Lewis-acid salts as etchants and a low-melting-point eutectic salt mixture as the reaction medium and shield to prevent MXene oxidation at high *** and nitride MXenes,including Ti_(3)c_(2)T_(x),Ti_(2)cT_(x),Ti_(3)cNT_(x),and Ti_(4)N_(3)T_(x),were successfully synthesized using the Ms^(3) *** also present the flexibility of the Ms^(3) method by scaling the etching process to large batches of 20 and 60 g of Ti_(3)Alc_(2) MAX precursor in one *** used as negative electrodes,the prepared Ms^(3)-MXenes delivered excellent electrochemical properties for high-rate Li-ion storage.

关键词： carbides lithium-ion storage molten salt synthesis MXene nitrides

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High-throughput extraction on a dynamic solid phase for low-abundance biomarker isolation from biological samples

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2023年第5期9卷 101-112页

作者： Lucile Alexandre Monica Araya-Farias Manh-louis Nguyen Nikoletta Naoumi Giacomo Gropplero Electra Gizeli Laurent Malaquin stéphanie Descroix Laboratoire Physico-chimie curie CNRS UMR 168Institut CuriePSL Research UniversityParisFrance Institut Pierre-Gilles de Gennes(IPGG) Sorbonne UniversityParisFrance Department of Biology University of CreteHeraklionGreece Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology(IMBB)-FORTH HeraklionGreece Laboratoire d’analyse et d’architecture des systèmes(LAAs)cNRs Elia GroupToulouseFrance Present address:Frédéric Joliot Institute for Life sciences Pharmacology and Immunoanalysis UnitImmunoanalysis Studies and Research LaboratoryAlternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission(CEA)Gif-sur-YvetteFrance

Liquid biopsy,in particular circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA)analysis,has paved the way for a new noninvasive approach to cancer diagnosis,treatment selection and *** a crucial step in the analysis,the extraction of the genetic material from a complex matrix needs to meet specific requirements such as high specificity and low loss of ***,we developed a new generation of microfluidic fluidized beds(FBs)that enable the efficient extraction and preconcentration of specific ctDNA sequences from human serum with flow rates up to 15µL/*** first demonstrated that implementation of a vibration system inducing flow rate fluctuations combined with a mixture of different bead sizes significantly enhanced bead homogeneity,thereby increasing capture *** advantage of this new generation of high-throughput magnetic FBs,we then developed a new method to selectively capture a double-stranded(dsDNA)BRAF mutated DNA sequence in complex matrices such as patient ***,as proof of concept,ligation chain reaction(LcR)assays were performed to specifically amplify a mutated BRAF sequence,allowing the detection of concentrations as low as 6×104 copies/µL of the mutated DNA sequence in serum.

关键词： diagnosis specificity thereby

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On dogs, people, and a rabies epidemic: results from a sociocultural study in Bali, Indonesia

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2015年第1期4卷 239-256页

作者： Maria Digna Winda Widyastuti Kevin louis Bardosh sunar c Basri E Basuno A.Jatikusumah R.A.Arief A.A.G.Putra A.Rukmantara A.T.s.Estoepangestie I.Willyanto I.K.G.Natakesuma I.P.sumantra D.Grace F.Unger J.Gilbert center for Indonesian Veterinary Analytical studies BogorIndonesia school of social and Political science The University of EdinburghEdinburghUK Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Bogor Agricultural UniversityBogorIndonesia center for socio Economic and Agricultural Policy studies Ministry of AgricultureBogorIndonesia Disease Investigation centre Denpasar Ministry of AgricultureDenpasarIndonesia Edelman Indonesia JakartaIndonesia Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Airlangga UniversitySurabayaIndonesia InI Veterinary service SurabayaIndonesia Bali Provincial Livestock and Animal Health services Office DenpasarIndonesia International Livestock Research Institute NairobiKenya

Background:Previously free of rabies,Bali experienced an outbreak in 2008,which has since caused a large number of human *** response,both mass dog culling and vaccination have been *** order to assess potential community-driven interventions for optimizing rabies control,we conducted a study exploring the relationship between dogs,rabies,and the Balinese *** objectives of this study were to:i)understand the human-dog relationship in Bali;ii)explore local knowledge,attitudes,and practices(KAPs)relating to rabies;and iii)assess potential community-driven activities to optimize rabies control and ***:conducted between February and June 2011,the study combined a questionnaire(n=300;cI=95%;error margin=5%)and focus group discussions(FGDs)in 10 villages in the Denpasar,Gianyar,and Karangasem *** questionnaire included a Likert scale to assess community knowledge and *** the knowledge assessment,three points were given for a correct answer,while wrong answers and uncertain answers were given zero *** the attitudes assessment,three points were given for a positive answer,two points for a neutral answer,and one point for a negative *** knowledge was categorized as good(score>40),fair(score 20–40),or poor(scoresed on a maximum total score *** attitudes were categorized as positive(score>26),neutral(score 13–26),or negative(scoresed on a maximum total score of ***-gender FGDs in each sub-village(banjar)were conducted,each involving 7–15 participants to complement the questionnaire *** a follow-up research trip in mid-2013,the data analysis was triangulated and validated using semi-structured *** data were analyzed descriptively using sPss 17.0,while qualitative data from interviews and FGDs were analyzed manually according to accepted methods of coding and memo *** chi-square test was then used to analyze the statistical rel

关键词： Bali Rabies sociocultural KAPs community-driven activities

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