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Dendritic Morphology Affects the Velocity and Amplitude of Back-propagating Action Potentials

Neuroscience Bulletin 2022年第11期38卷 1330-1346页

作者： Wu Tian Luxin Peng Mengdi Zhao louis tao Peng Zou Yan Zhang State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology College of Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules CenterBeijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of EducationPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Center for Quantitative Biology Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Center for Bioinformatics National Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Plant Genetic EngineeringSchool of Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Chinese Institute for Brain Research(CIBR) Beijing 102206China Beijing Academy of Artifcial Intelligence Beijing 100084China

The back-propagating action potential(bpAP)is crucial for neuronal signal integration and synaptic plasticity in dendritic trees.Its properties(velocity and amplitude)can be affected by dendritic morphology.Due to limited spatial resolution,it has been difficult to explore the specific propagation process of bpAPs along dendrites and examine the influence of dendritic morphology,such as the dendrite diameter and branching pattern,using patch-clamp recording.By taking advantage of Optopatch,an all-optical electrophysiological method,we made detailed recordings of the real-time propagation of bpAPs in dendritic trees.We found that the velocity of bpAPs was not uniform in a single dendrite,and the bpAP velocity differed among distinct dendrites of the same neuron.The velocity of a bpAP was positively correlated with the diameter of the dendrite on which it propagated.In addition,when bpAPs passed through a dendritic branch point,their velocity decreased significantly.Similar to velocity,the amplitude of bpAPs was also positively correlated with dendritic diameter,and the attenuation patterns of bpAPs differed among different dendrites.Simulation results from neuron models with different dendritic morphology corresponded well with the experimental results.These findings indicate that the dendritic diameter and branching pattern significantly influence the properties of bpAPs.The diversity among the bpAPs recorded in different neurons was mainly due to differences in dendritic morphology.These results may inspire the construction of neuronal models to predict the propagation of bpAPs in dendrites with enormous variation in morphology,to further illuminate the role of bpAPs in neuronal communication.

关键词： Dendrite Action potential Backpropagation Synaptic integration

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Differences in action potential propagation speed and axon initial segment plasticity between neurons from Sprague-Dawley rats and C57BL/6 mice

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Zoological Research 2022年第4期43卷 615-633页

作者： Zhi-Ya Chen Luxin Peng Mengdi Zhao Yu Li Mochizuki Takahiko louis tao Peng Zou Yan Zhang State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology College of Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules CenterBeijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of EducationPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Center for Quantitative Biology Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Center for Bioinformatics National Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Plant Genetic EngineeringSchool of Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence Beijing 100084China Chinese Institute for Brain Research(CIBR) Beijing 102206China

Action potentials(APs)in neurons are generated at the axon initial segment(AIS).AP dynamics,including initiation and propagation,are intimately associated with neuronal excitability and neurotransmitter release kinetics.Most learning and memory studies at the single-neuron level have relied on the use of animal models,most notably rodents.Here,we studied AP initiation and propagation in cultured hippocampal neurons from Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats and C57BL/6(C57)mice with genetically encoded voltage indicator(GEVI)-based voltage imaging.Our data showed that APs traveled bidirectionally in neurons from both species;forward-propagating APs(fpAPs)had a different speed than backpropagating APs(bpAPs).Additionally,we observed distinct AP propagation characteristics in AISs emerging from the somatic envelope compared to those originating from dendrites.Compared with rat neurons,mouse neurons exhibited higher bpAP speed and lower fpAP speed,more distally located ankyrin G(AnkG)in AISs,and longer Nav1.2 lengths in AISs.Moreover,during AIS plasticity,AnkG and Nav1.2 showed distal shifts in location and shorter lengths of labeled AISs in rat neurons;in mouse neurons,however,they showed a longer AnkG-labeled length and more distal Nav1.2 location.Our findings suggest that hippocampal neurons in SD rats and C57 mice may have different AP propagation speeds,different AnkG and Nav1.2 patterns in the AIS,and different AIS plasticity properties,indicating that comparisons between these species must be carefully considered.

关键词： Sprague-Dawley rats C57BL/6 mice Action potential Axon initial segment Plasticity

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A virtual sequencer reveals the dephasing patterns in error-correction code DNA sequencing

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National Science Review 2021年第5期8卷 91-100页

作者： Wenxiong Zhou Li Kang Haifeng Duan Shuo Qiao louis tao Zitian Chen Yanyi Huang Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC) School of Life SciencesBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics(ICG)and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life SciencesPeking University Center for Bioinformatics State Key Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Plant Genetic EngineeringPeking University Center for Quantitative Biology Peking University College of Engineering Peking University College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Institute for Cell Analysis Chinese Institute for Brain Research (CIBR)

An error-correction code(ECC) sequencing approach has recently been reported to effectively reduce sequencing errors by interrogating a DNA fragment with three orthogonal degenerate sequencing-by-synthesis(SBS) reactions. However, similar to other non-single-molecule SBS methods, the reaction will gradually lose its synchronization within a molecular colony in ECC sequencing. This phenomenon, called dephasing, causes sequencing error, and in ECC sequencing, induces distinctive dephasing patterns. To understand the characteristic dephasing patterns of the dual-base flowgram in ECC sequencing and to generate a correction algorithm, we built a virtual sequencer in silico. Starting from first principles and based on sequencing chemical reactions, we simulated ECC sequencing results, identified the key factors of dephasing in ECC sequencing chemistry and designed an effective dephasing algorithm.The results show that our dephasing algorithm is applicable to sequencing signals with at least 500 cycles, or1000-bp average read length, with acceptably low error rate for further parity checks and ECC deduction.Our virtual sequencer with our dephasing algorithm can further be extended to a dichromatic form of ECC sequencing, allowing for a potentially much more accurate sequencing approach.

关键词： DNA sequencing error-correction code dephasing computer simulation sequencing-by-synthesis

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3D Hessian deconvolution of thick light-sheet z-stacks for high-contrast and high-SNR volumetric imaging

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Photonics Research 2020年第6期8卷 1011-1021页

作者： ZHE ZHANG DONGZHOU GOU FAN FENG RUYI ZHENG KE DU HONGRUN YANG GUANGYI ZHANG HUItao ZHANG louis tao LIANGYI CHEN HENG MAO LMAM School of Mathematical SciencesPeking UniversityBejing 100871China State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Bejing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular MedicineInstitute of Molecular MedicinePeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Center for Bioinformatics National Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Plant Genetic EngineeringSchool of Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of Software and Microelectronics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Bejing Advanced Innovation Center for Imaging Theory and Technology Cepital Normal UniversityBeijing 100871China

Due to its ability of optical sectioning and low phototoxicity,z-stacking light-sheet microscopy has been the tool of choice for in vivo imaging of the zebrafish brain.To image the zebrafish brain with a large field of view,the thickness of the Gaussian beam inevitably becomes several times greater than the system depth of field(DOF),where the fluorescence distributions outside the DOF will also be collected,blurring the image.In this paper,we propose a 3D deblurring method,aiming to redistribute the measured intensity of each pixel in a light-sheet image to in situ voxels by 3D deconvolution.By introducing a Hessian regularization term to maintain the continuity of the neuron dis-tribution and using a modified stripe removal algorithm,the reconstructed z stack images exhibit high contrast and a high signal-to-noise ratio.These performance characteristics can facilitate subsequent processing,such as 3D neuron registration,segmentation,and recognition.

关键词： Hessian image thick

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