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Hum.n sem.n quality and the secondary sex ratio

Asian Journal of Andrology 2017年第3期19卷 374-381页

作者： Jisuk Bae Sungduk Kim.Zhen Chen m.chael L Eisenberg Germ.ine m.Buck louis Departm.nt of Preventive m.dicine Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine Daegu 42472 Korea Division of Intram.ral Population Health Research Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development National Institutes of Health Rockvilie MD 20852 USA Departm.nt of Urology Obstetrics and Gynecology Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA 94305-5118 USA.

The aim.of this study was to evaluate the association between sem.n quality and the secondary sex ratio （SSR）, defined as the ratio of m.le to fem.le live births. Our study cohort com.rised 227 m.le partners who were enrolled prior to conception in m.chigan and Texas between 2005 and 2009, and prospectively followed through delivery of a singleton birth. The m.le partners provided a baseline and a follow-up sem.n sam.le a m.nth apart. Sem.n analysis was conducted to assess 27 param.ters including five general characteristics, six sperm.head m.asures, 14 m.rphology m.asures, and two sperm.chrom.tin stability assay m.asures. m.dified Poisson regression m.dels with a robust error variance were used to estim.te the relative risk （RR） and 95% confidence interval （95% CI） of a m.le birth for each sem.n param.ter, after adjusting for potential confounders. Of the 27 sem.n param.ters, only the percentage of bicephalic sperm.was significantly associated with the SSR （2nd VS Ist quartile, RR, 0.65, 95% CI, 0.45-0.95, P= 0.03; 4Tm.vs 1St quartile, RR, 0.61, 95% CI, 0.38-1.00, P 〈 0.05 before rounding to two decim.l places）, suggestive of a higher percentage of bicephalic sperm.being associated with an excess of fem.le births. Given the exploratory design of the present study, this preconception cohort study suggests no clear signal that hum.n sem.n quality is associated with offspring sex determ.nation.

关键词： fertility prospective studies reproduction sem.n analysis sex ratio sperm

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How Properties that Distinguish Solids from.Fluids and Constraints of Spherical Geom.try Suppress Lower m.ntle Convection

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Journal of Earth Science 2018年第1期29卷 1-20页

作者： Anne m. Hofm.ister Everett m. Criss Departm.nt of Earth and Planetary Sciences Washington University St. Louis MO 63130 USA Panasonic Avionics Corporation Lake Forest CA 92630 USA

The large m.gnitude of the dim.nsionless Rayleigh num.er （Ra-10^8） for Earth＇s -3 000 km.thick m.ntle is considered evidence of whole m.ntle convection. However, the current form.lation assum.s behavior characteristic of gases and liquids and also assum.s Cartesian geom.try. Issues arising from.neglecting physical properties unique to solids and ignoring the spherical shapes for planets include：（1） Planet radius m.st be incorporated into Ra, in addition to layer thickness, to conserve m.ss during radial displacem.nts. （2） The vastly different rates for heat and m.ss diffusion in solids, which result from.their decoupled transport m.chanism., prom.te stability. （3） Unlike liquids, sub- stantial stress is needed to deform.solids, which independently prom.tes stability. （4） High interior com.ression stabilizes the m.ntle in additional m.nor ways. Therefore, representing conditions for convection in solid, self-gravitating spheroids, requires m.difying form.lae developed for bottom. heated fluids near am.ient conditions under an invariant gravitational field. To derive stability criteria appropriate to solid spheres, we use dim.nsional analysis, and consider the effects of geom.try, force com.etition, and m.croscopic behavior. We show that internal heating has been im.roperly ac- counted for in the Ra. We conclude that the lower m.ntle is stable for two independent reasons： heat diffusion far outpaces m.ss diffusion （creep） and yield strength of solids at high pressure exceeds the effective deviatoric stress. We discuss the role of partial m.lt in lubricating plate m.tion, and explain why the Ra is not applicable to the m.lti-com.onent upper m.ntle. When conduction is insufficient to transport heat in the Earth, m.lt production and ascent are expected, not convection of solid rock.

关键词： plasticity diffusion m.ntle convection stability criteria dim.nsional analysis geom.try.

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The role and m.dulation of autophagy in experim.ntal m.dels of m.ocardial ischem.a-reperfusion injury

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2014年第4期11卷 338-348页

作者： Carol Chen-Scarabelli Pratik R. Agrawal louis Saravolatz Cadigia Abuniat Gabriele Scarabelli Anastasis Stephanou Leena Loom.a Jagat Narula Tiziano m. Scarabelli Richard Knight VA Ann Arbor Health Care System University of Michigan 2215 Fuller Rd Ann Arbor M148105 USA Zena and m.chael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute Mount Sinai Medical Center One Gustave L. Levy Place Box 1030 New York NY 10029-6574 USA St John Hospital and m.dical Center Wayne State University School of Medicine 22101 Moross Rd. Detroit M148236 USA m.dical and m.lecular Biology Unit University College London UCL 30 Guildford St. London WC1N 1EH UK

A physiological sequence called autophagy qualitatively determ.nes cellular viability by rem.ving protein aggregates and dam.ged cyto-plasm.c constituents, and contributes significantly to the degree of m.ocardial ischem.a-reperfusion （I/R） injury. This tightly orchestrated cata-bolic cellular‘housekeeping’ process provides cells with a new source of energy to adapt to stressful conditions. This process was first described as a pro-survival m.chanism. but increasing evidence suggests that it can also lead to the dem.se of the cell. Autophagy has been im.licated in the pathogenesis of m.ltiple cardiac conditions including m.ocardial I/R injury. However, a debate persists as to whether autophagy acts as a protec-tive m.chanism.or contributes to the injurious effects of I/R injury in the heart. This controversy m.y stem.from.several factors including the va-riability in the experim.ntal m.dels and species, and the m.thodology used to assess autophagy. This review provides updated knowledge on the m.dulation and role of autophagy in isolated cardiac cells subjected to I/R, and the growing interest towards m.nipulating autophagy to increase the survival of cardiac m.ocytes under conditions of stress-m.st notably being I/R injury. Perturbation of this evolutionarily conserved intracellular cleansing autophagy m.chanism. by targeted m.dulation through, am.ng others, m.m.alian target of rapam.cin （m.OR） inhibitors, adenosine m.nophosphate-activated protein kinase （Am.K） m.dulators, calcium.lowering agents, resveratrol, longevinex, sirtuin activators, the proapoptotic gene Bnip3, IP3 and lysosom. inhibitors, m.y confer resistance to heart cells against I/R induced cell death. Thus, therapeutic m.-nipulation of autophagy in the challenged m.ocardium.m.y benefit post-infarction cardiac healing and rem.deling.

关键词： Autophagy Heart Ischem.a-reperfusion injury Cell survival

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Neutrophil depletion-but not prevention of Kupffer cell activation-decreases the severity of cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第8期12卷 1219-1224页

作者： Catherine m.Pastor Alain Vonlaufen Fabianna Georgi Antoine Hadengue Philippe m.rel Jean-louis Frossard Laboratoire de Physiopathologie Hépatique et Im.gerie m.léculaire H■pitaux Universitaires de GenèveB■timent CRoom 6-79524 Rue Micheli-du-Crest1205 GenevaSwitzerland Division of Gastroentérologie et Hépatologie H■pitaux Universitaires de Genève24 Rue Micheli-du-Crest1205 GenevaSwitzerland Départem.nt APSI H■pitaux Universitaires de Genève24 Rue Micheli-du-Crest1205 GenevaSwitzerland Départem.nt de Chirurgie H■pitaux Universitaires de Genève24 Rue Micheli-du-Crest1205 GenevaSwitzerland

AIm. To determ.ne whether neutrophil depletion and Kupffer cell inhibition m.ght com.ine their protective effects to decrease the severity of acute pancreatitis. m.THODS： Nice had cerulein adm.nistration to induce acute pancreatitis and were pretreated with either anti-m.use neutrophil serum.or gadolinium.chloride （GdCh） to prevent Kupffer cell activation, or both treatm.nts. Injury was assessed in pancreas and lungs. m.eloperoxidases （m.O） assessed neutrophil infiltration. Interleukin-6 （IL-6） and IL-10 were m.asured in serum. pancreas, lungs and liver. RESULTS： In m.ce with acute pancreatitis, neutrophil depletion reduced the severity of pancreatitis and pancreatitis-associated lung injury. Kupffer cell inactivation by GdCh had less protective effect, although IL-6 and IL-10 concentrations were significantly decreased. The protective treatm.nt brought by neutrophil depletion was not enhanced by Kupffer cell inactivation and both treatm.nts did not com.ine their protective effects. CONCLUSION： Our results confirm.the role of activated neutrophils in aggravating organ injury in acute pancreatitis while the role of Kupffer cell activation is less obvious.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Cytokines Neutrophils Kupffer cells Pulm.nary injury

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Exam.ning the Factors that Influence the Use of Social m.dia for Disaster m.nagem.nt by Underserved Com.unities

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2022年第1期13卷 52-65页

作者： Thiagarajan Ram.krishnan louis Ngam.ssi Shahedur Rahm.n Accounting Financeand Management Information Systems(MIS)Prairie View A&M UniversityPrairie ViewTX 77446USA

This study exam.ned the propensity of social m.dia use by underserved com.unities by drawing on the literature on the digital divide and attribution ***,this research explored the factors that can influence the use of social m.dia for disaster *** study used survey m.thodology to collect data and partial least squares structural equation m.deling(PLSSEm.to analyze the data and test the *** results of the study indicate:(1)that the propensity of social m.dia use for disaster m.nagem.nt is low for underserved com.unities;(2)a positive relationship between an individual’s effort and the intention to use social m.dia for disaster m.nagem.nt;and(3)a negative relationship between task difficulty and the intention to use social m.dia for disaster *** study expanded the literature on the use of social m.dia in disaster *** article also provides both theoretical and practical im.lications.

关键词： Attribution theory Digital divide Disaster m.nagem.nt Social m.dia use Texas Underserved com.unities

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Perihepatic adhesions: An unusual com.lication of hem.lysis, elevated liver enzym.s and low platelet syndrom.

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第26期20卷 8726-8728页

作者： m.rgot m.Koenem.n Ger H Koek m.rc Bem.lm.ns louis L Peeters Departm.nt of Obstetrics and Gynecology Maastricht University Medical Center Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineMaastricht University Medical Center Departm.nt of Surgery Maastricht University Medical Center

We present a case of sym.tom.tic perihepatic adhesions,which developed after a pregnancy com.licated by hem.lysis,elevated liver enzym.s and low platelet(HELLP)syndrom.,in which a subcapsular liver hem.tom. *** patient presented with com.laints of persistent,severe right-sided upper abdom.nal *** com.laints developed gradually,one year after a pregnancy that had been com.licated by HELLP syndrom. with a subcapsular liver *** hem.tom. had resolved *** upperabdom.nal m.gnetic resonance im.ging revealed a density between liver and diaphragm.at the site of the form.r subcapsular hem.tom.,suspect of perihepatic *** presence of perihepatic adhesions was confirm.d during a laparoscopy and treated by adhesiolysis in the sam. *** adhesions m.y have developed in response to the degradation process of the subcapsular liver hem.tom. during conservative *** case of perihepatic adhesions m.y therefor be the first presentation of a long term.sequel of subcapsular liver hem.tom. in HELLP syndrom..

关键词： Hem.lysis elevated liver enzym.s and low platelet syndrom. Liver Haem.tom. Long-term.effects Adhesions Tissue

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Closed-loop Control Using High Power Hexapole m.gnetic Tweezers for 3D m.crom.nipulation

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2020年第1期17卷 113-122页

作者： Xiao Zhang louis WRogowski m.n Jun Kim Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering Southern Methodist UniversityDallasTX 75275USA

This paper presents the design,m.deling,integration,and application of 3D printed high power hexapole m.gnetic tweezers for 3D m.crom.nipulation *** sharp-tipped m.gnetic poles were configured with electrom.gnetic coils and m.unted on 3D printed m.gnetic yokes to form.a tilted Cartesian coordinate system.for actuation.A closed loop control algorithm.was developed to autom.tically m.nipulate external power supplies connected to the m.gnetic tweezers,by using 3D positional inform.tion obtained from.real-tim. im.ge processing *** com.ared against other designs of m.gnetic tweezers,our system.has a larger working space and can generate higher m.gnetic field *** allows for m.re diverse applications regarding sm.ll scale m.nipulation,including cell m.nipulation and cell *** and analytics explained in this paper dem.nstrate the closed-loop m.nipulation of m.croswim.ers can provide a m.gnetic force as high as 800 pN while m.intaining a positional error below 4μm.in 3D and 1.6μm.in *** the desired location as the control input,the m.croswim.ers investigated were able to achieve arbitrary 2D and 3D *** also show that the im.lem.nted hexapole m.gnetic tweezers have adequate power to control m.croswim.ers in Newtonian fluid *** system.will later be optim.zed and deployed to control m.croswim.ers in non-Newtonian fluid environm.nts.

关键词： m.gnetic tweezers m.crom.nipulation m.gnetic gradient control 3D m.tion control m.croswim.ers

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Efficient network im.unization under lim.ted knowledge

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National Science Review 2021年第1期8卷 127-134页

作者： Yangyang Liu Hillel Sanhedrai Gao Gao Dong louis m.Shekhtm.n Fan Wang Sergey V.Buldyrev Shlom. Havlin Departm.nt of System. Science National University of Defense Technology Departm.nt of Physics Bar-Ilan University Faculty of Science Jiangsu University Network Science Institute Northeastern University Departm.nt of Physics Yeshiva University

Targeted im.unization of centralized nodes in large-scale networks has attracted significant ***, in real-world scenarios, knowledge and observations of the network m.y be lim.ted, thereby precluding a full assessm.nt of the optim.l nodes to im.unize（or quarantine） in order to avoid epidem.c spreading such as that of the current coronavirus disease（COVID-19） epidem.c. Here, we study a novel im.unization strategy where only n nodes are observed at a tim. and the m.st central am.ng these n nodes is im.unized. This process can globally im.unize a network. We find that even for sm.ll n（≈10） there is significant im.rovem.nt in the im.unization（quarantine）, which is very close to the levels of im.unization with full knowledge. We develop an analytical fram.work for our m.thod and determ.ne the critical percolation threshold p;and the size of the giant com.onent P∞ for networks with arbitrary degree distributions P（k）. In the lim.t of n →∞ we recover prior work on targeted im.unization, whereas for n = 1 we recover the known case of random.im.unization. Between these two extrem.s, we observe that, as n increases,p;increases quickly towards its optim.l value under targeted im.unization with com.lete inform.tion. In particular, we find a new general scaling relationship between |p;（∞）-p;（n）| and n as |p;（∞）-p;（n）| ～n;exp（-αn）. For scale-free（SF） networks, where P（k）～ k;, 2 m.zero to nonzero when n increases from.n = 1 to O（log N）(where N is the size of the network). Thus, for SF networks, having knowledge of ≈log N nodes and im.unizing the m.st optim.l am.ng them.can dram.tically reduce epidem.c spreading. We also dem.nstrate our lim.ted knowledge im.unization strategy on several real-world networks and confirm.that in these real networks, p;increases significantly even for sm.ll n.

关键词： percolation com.lex networks network im.unization critical phenom.na

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[Cu(2,2'-bpy)Cl_2]和[Cu(1,10-phen)Cl_2]在多金属氧酸盐上的多相化:选择性氧化四氢化萘的新催化剂(英文)

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催化学报 2011年第5期32卷 807-811页

作者： m. BOLTZ A. BLANC G. LAUGEL P.PALE B. louis Laboratoire de Synthkse et Reactivite Organiques Institut de Chimie UMR 7177 CNRS Universitd de Strasbourg 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67000 Strasbourg Cedex France

m.nonuclear Cu(II)bipyridine(1)and phenantroline com.lexes(2)were synthesized and im.obilized by different procedures on H3PW12O40 polyoxom.talate(POm..Characterization by XRD and SEm.EDX were perform.d to assess the preservation of the Keggin structure and stoichiom.try of the *** im.obilized com.lexes were tested as heterogeneous catalysts for the partial oxidation of tetralin(1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene)using hydrogen peroxide as oxidant in acetonitrile/water as solvent.[Cu(2,2'-bpy)Cl][H2PW12O40] and[Cu(1,10-phen)Cl][H2PW12O40]oxidized tetralin at room.tem.erature,with 16%conversion with(2),to 1-tetralone and 2-tetralone with 83%***,the selectivity for 1-tetralone was only 56%.Different preparation m.thods for the heterogenization of these com.lexes on the POm.Keggin unit were com.ared and used to enhance the selectivity to 1-tetralone to 75%.

关键词： tetralin partial oxidation Cu(II)com.lexes 2,2’-bipyridine 1,10-phenantroline hydrogen peroxide polyoxom.talate

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Suppression of Soybean Oleosin Produces m.cro-Oil Bodies that Aggregate into Oil Body/ER Com.lexes

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m.lecular Plant 2008年第6期1卷 910-924页

作者： m.nica A. Schm.dt Eliot m. Herm.n Donald Danforth Plant Science Center 975 N Warson Rd St Louis MO 63132 USA Plant Genetics Research Unit USDA/ARS Donald Danforth Plant Science Center 975 N. Warson Rd St Louis MO 63132 USA

Using RNAi, the seed oil body protein 24-kDa oleosin has been suppressed in transgenic soybeans. The endoplasm.c reticulum.（ER） form. m.cro-oil bodies about 50 nm.in diam.ter that coalesce with adjacent oil bodies form.ng a hierarchy of oil body sizes. The oil bodies in the oleosin knockdown form.large oil body-ER com.lexes with the interior dom.nated by m.cro-oil bodies and interm.diate-sized oil bodies, while the peripheral areas of the com.lex are dom.nated by large oil bodies. The com.lex m.rges to form.giant oil bodies with onset of seed dorm.ncy that disrupts cell structure. The transcriptom. of the oleosin knockdown shows few changes com.ared to wild-type. Proteom.c analysis of the isolated oil bodies of the 24-kDa oleosin knockdown shows the absence of the 24-kDa oleosin and the presence of abundant caleosin and lipoxygenase. The form.tion of the m.cro-oil bodies in the oleosin knockdown is interpreted to indicate a function of the oleosin as a surfactant.

关键词： RNAi protein soybean en-doplasm.c reticulum

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