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Evaluation of a hepatic biomarker of nutritional imbalance in juvenile red drum(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed 60% soybean meal-based diets using NMR-based metabolomics

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 45-61页

作者： Fabio Casu Aaron M.Watson Justin Yost T.gibson Gaylord Daniel W.Bearden Michael R.Denson Marine Resources Research Institute South Carolina Department of Natural Resources Bozeman Fish Technology Center United States Fish and Wildlife Service Marine Biochemical Sciences Group Chemical Sciences Division National Institute of Standards and Technology Hollings Marine Laboratory

A 12-week feeding trial with juvenile red drum(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed high-soybean meal(SBM) diets was conducted to investigate a putative biomarker of nutritional imbalance, N-formimino-l-glutamate(FIGlU). Three fishmeal-free, 60% SBM pelleted diets(named B12, Fol, and Met, respectively) were tested to evaluate the effects on growth performance and tissue metabolite profiles of supplementation of vitamin B12(0.012 mg/kg), folate(10 mg/kg), methionine(1 g/kg) respectively, above basal supplementation levels. A fourth SBM-based diet(named B12/Fol/Met) was formulated with a combination of B12, folate, and methionine to attain the above-mentioned target concentrations. A fifth 60% SBM diet(named FWS) with methionine supplementation(1 g/kg above basal supplementation levels), enriched with taurine, lysine and threonine as well as minerals, was also tested. This diet contained formulation targets and additives which have allowed for replacing fishmeal with plant proteins in rainbow trout feeds. Control diets included a fishmeal-based diet(named FM), an unsupplemented basal 60% SBM diet(named SBM60), and a “natural” diet(named N) made up of equal parts of fish(cigar minnows), squid and shrimp as a positive reference for growth performance. Formulated feeds contained approximately 37% total crude protein, approximately 14% total crude lipid and were energetically balanced. Standard growth performance metrics were measured, and tissues(liver, muscle) were collected at week 12 to evaluate diet-induced metabolic changes using nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)-based *** results show that the FWS diet outperformed all other SBM diets and the FM diet under all performance metrics(PlU was not detected in fish fed the N diet but was detected in those fed the SBM diets and the FM diet. Fish fed the FWS diet and the Met diet showed lower hepatic levels of FIGlU compared with the other SBM-based diets(Plementatio

关键词： Aquaculture Metabolomics Nuclear magnetic resonance Red drum Soybean meal N-Formimino-l-glutamate

Interplay between intestinal alkaline phosphatase, diet, gut microbes and immunity

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第42期20卷 15650-15656页

作者： Mehrbod Estaki Daniella DeCoffe Deanna l gibson Department of Biology University of British Columbia Okanagan

Intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) plays an essential role in intestinal homeostasis and health through interactions with the resident microbiota, diet and the gut. IAP’s role in the intestine is to dephosphorylate toxic microbial ligands such as lipopolysaccharides, unmethylated cytosine-guanosine dinucleotides and flagellin as well as extracellular nucleotides such as uridine diphosphate. IAP’s ability to detoxify these ligands is essential in protecting the host from sepsis during acute inflammation and chronic inflammatory conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease. Also important in these complications is IAP’s ability to regulate the microbial ecosystem by forming a complex relationship between microbiota, diet and the intestinal mucosal surface. Evidence reveals that diet alters IAP expression and activity and this in turn can influence the gut microbiota and homeostasis. IAP’s ability to maintain a healthy gastrointestinal tract has accelerated research on its potential use as a therapeutic agent against a multitude of diseases. Exogenous IAP has been shown to have beneficial effects when administered during ulcerative colitis, coronary bypass surgery and sepsis. There are currently a handful of human clinical trials underway investigating the effects of exogenous IAP during sepsis, rheumatoid arthritis and heart surgery. In light of these findings IAP has been marked as a novel agent to help treat a variety of other inflammatory and infectious diseases. The purpose of this review is to highlight the essential characteristics of IAP in protection and maintenance of intestinal homeostasis while addressing the intricate interplay between IAP, diet, microbiota and the intestinal epithelium.

关键词： Intestinal alkaline phosphatase Inflammation Infection lipopolysaccharides Inflammatory disease Intestinal microbiota Diet

Application of grouped detrital zircon analyses to determine provenance and closely approximate true depositional age:Early Cretaceous McMurray-Clearwater succession,Canada

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第2期12卷 877-892页

作者： l.Rinke-Hardekopf S.E.Dashtgard C.Huang H.D.gibson Applied Research in Ichnology and Sedimentology(ARISE)Group Dept.of Earth SciencesSimon Fraser University8888 University DriveBurnabyBC V5A 1S6Canada

In the lower CretaceousMcMurray-Clearwater succession of the intracontinental Alberta Foreland Basin,Canada,detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology samples(referred to herein as DZ samples)have been used to interpret the strata as representing a paleo-continental-scale drainage ***,the majority of DZ samples are relatively small(n≈90–100),and syndepositional DZ(i.e.,crystallization agelder than depositional age)are *** has forced a reliance on dinocysts with long stratigraphic ranges to chronostratigraphically subdivide the McMurray-Clearwater succession rather than employing maximum depositional ages(MDAs)derived from DZ ***,43 DZ samples(taken from20 subsurface cores)are assigned to 1 of 5 stratigraphic intervals,and in each stratigraphic interval all associated DZ samples are combined to produce a grouped DZ *** and comparison of individual and grouped DZ samples are used to(1)assess variability in provenance through time and space,and(2)assess the accuracy of chronostratigraphically subdividing the succession using *** the main paleo-drainage axis,a comparison of dissimilarity between DZ samples from the same stratigraphic interval,as well as between stratigraphic intervals,reveals increasing average dissimilarity between individual DZ samples and their respective grouped DZ samplewith increasing spatial separation of *** data indicate that in the McMurray Depocenter some sediment is sourced from local tributaries,leading to geographical provenance *** for all 43 DZ samples and groupedMDAs(gMDAs)for the 5 grouped DZ samples are compared to an ash-derived absolute age and existing *** theMcMurray Formation,comparison of MDAs to gMDAs shows that in basins with rare syndepositional DZ,the gMDA method improved depositional age estimates by transforming low-confidence MDAs(e.g.,youngest single grains)into high-confidence(multi-grain)*** the Clearwater Formationwhere

关键词： Detrital zircon Maximum depositional age Provenance variability Intracontinental foreland basin McMurray-Clearwater succession

Muscular activity characteristics associated with preparation for gait transition

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2012年第1期1卷 27-35页

作者： li li lorna l.Ogden Department of Kinesiology Louisiana State University

The purpose of this study was to investigate lower extremity neuromuscular activity patterns during gait transitions with continuously changing locomotion ***:Muscular activities related to gait transitions(walk to run and run to walk)induced by changing treadmill speed were compared to muscular activities during walk and run at constant *** transition and constant speed conditions were conducted in similar speed *** electromyographic activities of gluteus maximus(GM),rectus femoris(RF),vastus lateralis(Vl),biceps femoris long head(BFl),tibialis anterior(TA),gastrocnemius(GA),and soleus(Sl)were collected and *** influences of speed and mode of locomotion were ***:We have observed transition specific nonlinear muscular behavior in this *** example,peak magnitudes of GM,RF,GA,and Sl increased with speed quadratically as locomotion approached walk to run transition within the last five *** duration of GA decreased in a quadratic fashion with speed as approached run to walk transition within the last five *** nonlinear reactions to speed change were only observed in transition related conditions but not in the constant speed ***:These results indicated that,in preparation for transition,neuromuscular modifications occur steps before gait transition due to changing *** transition is not a spontaneous event in response to any type of ***(c)2012,Shanghai University of *** and hosting by Elsevier *** rights reserved.

关键词： Biomechanics Electromyography locomotion Neuromuscular control

A new cryptand/paraquat [2]pseudorotaxane

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Science China Chemistry 2010年第4期53卷 858-862页

作者： ZAKHAROV lev N. SlEBODNICK Carla RHEINGOlD Arnold l. gibson Harry W. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Department of Chemistry Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

A new cryptand/paraquat [2]pseudorotaxane and its crown ether analog were synthesized and characterized by proton NMR, mass spectrometry, and single crystal X-ray analysis. The Job plots based on proton NMR data demonstrated that both the complex between cryptand 1 and paraquat derivative 2a and the complex between bis(p-phenylene)-34-crown-10 (3) and paraquat derivative 2b have 1:1 stoichiometry in solution. The apparent association constants (Ka,exp) of 1·2a and 3·2b calculated for 1:1 complexes were 1.4 (±0.2) × 104 and 4.7 (± 0.5) × 102 M-1, respectively. X-ray analysis showed that 1·2a is stabilized by ten hydrogen bonds and face-to-face π-stacking interactions in the solid state, while 3·2b is stabilized by four hydrogen bonds and face-to-face π-stacking interactions. As well as in the X-ray structure of 1·2c, a water molecule acts as a hydrogen bridge between the β-pyridinium protons of 2a and the ether oxygen atoms of 1 in 1·2a. The successful preparation of 1·2a demonstrated that the tert-butyl group is not big enough to be a stopper for rotaxanes based on 1.

关键词： host-guest system self-assembly pseudorotaxane cryptand paraquat

Time-lapse 3-D Seismic Wave Simulation via the Generalized Multiscale Finite Element Method

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Communications in Computational Physics 2020年第6期28卷 401-423页

作者： Yongchae Cho Richard l.gibson,Jr. Hyunmin Kim Mikhail Artemyev Yalchin Efendiev Shell International Exploration&Production Inc. 150 N Dairy Ashford RoadHoustonTX 77079USA Department of Geology&Geophysics Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77843-3115USA Shell Exploration&Production Company 701 Poydras StreetNew OrleansLA 70139USA Arista Networks DublinIreland Department of Mathematics Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77843-3368USA Multiscale Model Reduction laboratory North-Eastern Federal UniversityYakutskRepublic of Sakha 677980Russia

Numerical solution of time-lapse seismic monitoring problems can be challenging due to the presence of finely layered *** wave modeling using fine layered meshes also adds more computational *** approaches such as finite difference and finite element methods may be prohibitively expensive if the whole domain is discretized with the cells corresponding to the grid in the reservoir subdomain.A common approach in this case is to use homogenization techniques to upscale properties of subsurface media and assign the background properties to coarser grid;however,inappropriate application of upscaling might result in a distortion of the model,which hinders accurate monitoring of the fluid change in *** this work,we instead investigate capabilities of a multiscale method that can deal with fine scale heterogeneities of the reservoir layer and more coarsely meshed rock properties in the surrounding domains in the same *** address the 3-D wave problems,we also demonstrate how the multiscale wave modeling technique can detect the changes caused by fluid movement while the hydrocarbon production activity proceeds.

关键词： Fluid simulation time lapse Generalized multiscale finite element elastic wave

Chemical forms and extractability of iron in sediments of three contrasting lakes of China and UK

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2003年第6期15卷 728-733页

作者： gibson C.E.,Stewart B.M. Key laboratory of Terrestrial Ecological Process Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science Queen's University Belfast Shenyang 110016 China Newforge lane Belfast BT9 5PX UK

Iron is a limiting factor for the eutrophication of lakes, especially those lakes that are enriched with phosphorus. Extractability of iron in sediments of West lake and Taihu lake in China and lower lough Erne in Northern Ireland of UK was comparatively investigated on the basis of analysing chemical forms of iron using different extractants. It was shown that extractable iron in sediments of the lakes was greatly different using various extractants. Reactive iron or easily released iron such as “active" iron oxides, total free iron oxide and water-soluble iron was not high, only accounting for 0.01%—0.15% of total iron. The efficiency of the extractants for exchangeable iron was decreased in the sequence 0.1 mol/l HCl DTPA+TEA mixed solution > 1 mol/l NH 4OAc > 0.5 mol/l MgCl 2 = 0.5 mol/l CaCl 2. It seems that the complexion of iron by organic matter was not strong because the concentration of organically bound iron was significantly lower than the concentration it was forecasted. Extractable iron is not entirely consistent with or dependent on total iron in lake sediments. To a certain extent, phosphate can inhibit the release of iron in sediments of the lakes. The selection of extractants is thus the first key step to evaluate bioavailability of iron in lake sediments.

关键词： iron chemical form extractability lake sediment eutrophication

Dual ecological and socio-cultural fragmentation induced by hydropower dams: Case studies from the Greater Himalayan region of India

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Zoological Research(Diversity and Conservation) 2024年第2期1卷 117-120页

作者： Garima Gupta Rahul Kotiyal Isabel l.Jones Biological and Environmental Sciences University of StirlingScotland FK94LAUK Baramasa.in Narrating Himalaya 248001India

Climate change and biodiversity loss are pressing global challenges(Pörtner et al.,2021).However,as global energy demand continues to increase(IEA,2021),nations face significant challenges to decarbonization and reaching“net zero”due to trade-offs between the often-competing needs of renewable energy generation and biodiversity *** example,hydropower generates renewable energy(gibson et al.,2017),yet there are well-documented and severe consequences of dam development for biodiversity(e.g.,Zarfl et al.,2019)and people(e.g.,Bisht,2009)due to reservoir creation and disruption of river *** such potentially damaging ecological and social trade-offs,hydropower currently contributes 70%of global renewable energy and there are at least 3700 large dams planned or under construction globally(Zhang&Gu,2023).

关键词： reservoir consequences globally

An objective measure for the assessment and management of fluid shifts in acute major burns

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Burns & Trauma 2018年第1期6卷 21-32页

作者： Pippa Kenworthy Michael Phillips Tiffany l.Grisbrook William gibson Fiona M.Wood Dale W.Edgar Fiona Wood Foundation Fiona Stanley HospitalPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science Curtin UniversityPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia Burns Service of Western Australia Fiona Stanley HospitalPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia Burn Injury Research Node Notre Dame UniversityFremantleWestern AustraliaAustralia Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research The University of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia School of Physiotherapy Notre Dame UniversityFremantleWestern AustraliaAustralia Adult State Burns Service Fiona Stanley HospitalMurdoch DriveMurdochWestern Australia 6150Australia.

Background: Major burns are life threatening. Fluid resuscitation is required for survival to maintain intravascular volumes and prevent hypovolemic shock. Bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) has been recognised as a potential method of monitoring fluid shifts after burn and in other disease states. The aims of this study were to examine the reliability of BIS across different dressing conditions and electrode positions, establish the influence of Acticoat?on BIS variable measures and determine the validity of whole-body BIS to assess net fluid shift in the presence of moderate to major burns. Methods: An observational longitudinal cohort study was conducted from December 2014 to February 2016. Patients with over 15% total body surface area (TBSA) burns and injury less than 48 h were enrolled in the study. BIS triplicate measures were collected in an open wound and with an ActicoatTMdressing (at 5 half hour intervals). Standard and alternate electrode placements were utilised for the reliability analysis and standard placement only for determining the validity of BIS in moderate to major burns. The ImpediMde SFB7 was used to collect whole-body and segmental BIS measures. Stata statistical software, release 14 was utilised to analyse all results. Descriptive analyses were performed and were reported using the means and standard deviations (SD). Results: BIS-repeated measures established BIS raw resistance (R), and predicted volume variables were reliable in any condition (intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) 0.996-0.999, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.996-0.999) without a systematic difference. Acticoat?dressings significantly influenced all BIS-predicted volumes (p≤0.01) as determined by multilevel mixed effects (MlME) linear regression analysis. Validity of BIS was demonstrated by resistance variables significantly decreasing with increasing net ionic fluid shift and increased TBSA (severity of injury) and calculated fluid volumes increasing with increasing net f

关键词： Bioelectrical impedance Oedema Wounds Fluid resuscitation Dressings