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Climate change effects on rangelands and rangeland management:affirming the need for monitoring

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2017年第3期3卷 1-14页

作者： Daniel W.McCollum John A.Tanaka Jack A.Morgan John E.Mitchell William E.Fox Kristie A.Maczko lori hidinger Clifford S.Duke Urs P.Kreuter Rocky Mountain Research Station USDAForest Service240 W.Prospect RoadFort CollinsColorado 80526 USA James C.Hageman Sustainable Agriculture Research and Extension Center University of WyomingDept 33541000 E.University AvenueLaramieWyoming 82071 USA USDA ARS Rangelands Resources Research Unit8408 Hildreth RoadCheyenneWyoming 82009 USA Texas A&M AgriLife Research Ecosystem Science&Management720 E.Blackland RoadTempleTexas 76502 USA Consortium for Science Policyand OutcomesArizona State UniversityPO Box 875603TempeArizona 85287 USA Ecological Society of America 1990 M StreetNWSuite 700WashingtonD.C.20036 USA Ecosystem Science and Management Texas A&M University2138 TAMUCollege StationTexas 77843 USA

Uncertainty as to the extent and magnitude of changes in conditions that might occur due to climate change poses a problem for land and resource managers as they seek to adapt to changes and mitigate effects of climate *** illustrate using scenarios of projected future conditions on rangelands in the Northern Great Plains and Desert Southwest of the United *** two regions are different in the ways climate change is projected to affect the *** of a longer and warmer growing season in the Northern Great Plains could lead to increased forage production and land *** uncertain effects on summer monsoons that primarily control rangeland productivity in the Desert Southwest,combined with the possibility of more intense and/or frequent drought events,could present land managers with challenges stemming from decreased forage production and land *** projections,though uncertain,provide land managers with basic insight into future conditions they might *** need more.A focus on vulnerability and resilience,with explicit recognition of interactions between ecological and socio-economic factors,coupled with systematic monitoring and assessment of observable conditions on the land to supplement information based on climate projections,will more effectively provide critical and specific information managers need to adaptively manage rangelands under uncertain climate futures.

关键词： adaptive management climate change indicators monitoring rangelands resilience uncertainty vulnerability

Genetics of biochemical attributes regulating morpho-physiology of upland cotton under high temperature conditions

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Journal of Cotton Research 2024年第1期7卷 29-44页

作者： MAJEED Sajid CHAUDHARY Muhammad Tanees MUBARIK Muhammad Salman RANA Iqrar Ahmad SHABAN Muhammad TAN Daniel KY JIA Yinhua DU Xiongming HINZE lori AZHAR Muhammad Tehseen Federal Seed Certification and Registration Department Ministry of National Food Security and ResearchIslamabad 44090Pakistan Horticultural Research Institute National Agricultural Research CentreIslamabad 44000Pakistan Department of Biotechnology University of NarowalNarowal 51600Pakistan Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology University of AgricultureFaisalabad 38400Pakistan Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics University of Agriculture FaisalabadSub-Campus BurewalaVehariPakistan Faculty of Science School of Life and Environ-mental SciencesPlant Breeding InstituteSydney Institute of AgricultureThe University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agri-cultural ScienceAnyang 455000China Agricultural Research Service USDASouthern Plains Agricultural Research CentreCollege StationTX 77845USA Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics University of AgricultureFaisal-abad 38400Pakistan School of Agriculture Sciences Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450000China.

Background Cotton is a strategically important fibre crop for global textile *** profoundly impacts several countries’industrial and agricultural *** cotton production is continuously threatened by the unpre-dictable changes in climate,specifically high *** heat-tolerant,high-yielding cotton cultivars with wide adaptability to be grown in the regions with rising temperatures is one of the primary objectives of modern cotton breeding ***,the main objective of the current study is to figure out the effective breed-ing approach to imparting heat tolerance as well as the judicious utilization of commercially significant and stress-tolerant attributes in cotton ***,the two most notable heat-susceptible(FH-115 and NIAB Kiran)and tolerant(IUB-13 and GH-Mubarak)cotton cultivars were spotted to develop filial and backcross populations to accom-plish the preceding study *** heat tolerant cultivars were screened on the basis of various morphological(seed cotton yield per plant,ginning turnout percentage),physiological(pollen viability,cell membrane thermostabil-ity)and biochemical(peroxidase activity,proline content,hydrogen peroxide content)*** The results clearly exhibited that heat stress consequently had a detrimental impact on every studied plant trait,as revealed by the ability of crossing and their backcross populations to tolerate high ***,when considering overall yield,biochemical,and physiological traits,the IUB-13×FH-115 cross went over particularly well at both normal and high temperature ***,overall seed cotton yield per plant exhibited a posi-tive correlation with both pollen viability and antioxidant levels(POD activity and proline content).Conclusions Selection from segregation population and criteria involving pollen viability and antioxidant levels concluded to be an effective strategy for the screening of heat-tolerant cotton g

关键词： Accessions Biochemical Breeding Cotton Generation mean analysis Heat stress

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冰与火冰岛展示了大自然的力量

空中英语教室（高级版．彭蒙惠英语） 2024年第7期 10-12,40页

作者： lori Swanson 不详

冰岛是个小国,大部分人口都居住在雷克雅未克镇。雷克雅未克以外那些令人震撼的景色主要由壮硕的冰岛马、火山、不时喷发的间歇泉、温泉以及熔岩原构成。地震在冰岛相当常见,而我们造访期间虽然发生了几次地震——其中一次的里氏震级超... 详细信息

冰岛是个小国,大部分人口都居住在雷克雅未克镇。雷克雅未克以外那些令人震撼的景色主要由壮硕的冰岛马、火山、不时喷发的间歇泉、温泉以及熔岩原构成。地震在冰岛相当常见,而我们造访期间虽然发生了几次地震——其中一次的里氏震级超过3级——但我们都没有感觉到。

关键词：里氏震级雷克雅未克间歇泉温泉冰岛地震火山大自然

Synthesizing and characterizing the magnetic EDTA/chitosan/CeZnO nanocomposite for simultaneous treating of chromium and phenol in an aqueous solution

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2023年第6期58卷 76-88页

作者： Masoumeh Sheikh Hosseini lori Mohammad Delnavaz Hoda Khoshvaght Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering DepartmentKharazmi UniversityTehran 15719-14911Iran

A new magnetic nanocomposite chitosan/EDTA/CeZnO(MEC-CeZnO)is synthesized as an efficient and eco-friendly bio-compound for the removal of chromium Cr(VI)metal ions and phenol organic matters from aqueous *** are characterized using field emission scanning electron microscope,energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,transmission electron microscope,X-ray diffraction,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,diffuse reflection spectroscopy,and PL *** reduction rate of Cr(VI)ions and phenol degradation is evaluated under various experimental conditions,separately and *** average pore diameter and specific surface of MEC-CeZnO nanocomposite are obtained 50 nm and 210 m^(2)·g^(-1)respectively,which suggest the successful synthesis of the nanocomposite because of the increased surface area and reduced pores in comparison to previous ***,the best Cr(VI)and phenol reduction efficiencies are 98%and 92%at 180 min of retention time,both following the Langmuir-Hinshelwood first-order *** mechanisms of Cr(VI)and phenol removal from aqueous solutions involved Cr(VI)reduction,phenol oxidation,and *** the reusability of MEC-CeZnO showed that both degradation and recovery capacity is stable in 5 cycles.

关键词： Magnetic chitosan Chromium Phenol Photochemistry Nanoparticles Experimental validation

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海星的全身都是头

环球科学 2024年第1期 18-19页

作者：洛里·尤姆沙耶基安黄晨(翻译) 不详

乍一看,海星似乎全身都是“腿”。它的脑袋在哪里呢?教科书通常认为,棘皮动物(海星、沙钱、海胆等)的头部已经在演化的过程中完全消失了。但最近发表在《自然》(Nature)的一项研究给出了一种更加奇怪的结论:海星基本上全是头。

关键词：棘皮动物《自然》海星教科书全身

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倾泻而下的气候影响

环球科学 2024年第5期 92-93页

作者：洛丽·尤姆沙耶基安红猪(译) 不详

一个变暖的世界将产生很多意想不到的深远后果。当人们想象一场自然灾害的后果时,皮肤感染和肠胃病往往不会出现在他们的脑海中,但其实,野火、飓风和其他与气候变化相关的灾难会产生一系列广泛而出乎意料的后果,其中就包含这两种疾病。... 详细信息

一个变暖的世界将产生很多意想不到的深远后果。当人们想象一场自然灾害的后果时,皮肤感染和肠胃病往往不会出现在他们的脑海中,但其实,野火、飓风和其他与气候变化相关的灾难会产生一系列广泛而出乎意料的后果,其中就包含这两种疾病。一份名为《灾难地图集》(Atlas of Disaster)的报告将气候灾难的最初效应及长期后果串联了起来。

关键词：气候变化地图集倾泻而下飓风自然灾害灾难

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枪支暴力下的精神伤害

环球科学 2024年第5期 22-23页

作者：洛丽·尤姆沙耶基安施怿(译) 不详

自2020年以来,枪支暴力一直是美国19岁以下青少年主要的致死因素。仅在2022年,就有超过4500名青少年和儿童因枪支暴力而死亡,受伤人数则更多。这些统计数据还仅仅是“一种更大型流行病的冰山一角”,宋子睿(Zirui Song,音译)这样表示,他... 详细信息

自2020年以来,枪支暴力一直是美国19岁以下青少年主要的致死因素。仅在2022年,就有超过4500名青少年和儿童因枪支暴力而死亡,受伤人数则更多。这些统计数据还仅仅是“一种更大型流行病的冰山一角”,宋子睿(Zirui Song,音译)这样表示,他在哈佛大学医学院和麻省总医院从事医学和医疗政策研究。

关键词：哈佛大学医学院精神伤害致死因素麻省总医院统计数据医疗政策流行病暴力

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同性电荷也能相吸

环球科学 2024年第11期 16-17页

作者：洛里·尤姆沙杰基安张宇哲(翻译) 不详

同性电荷相斥、异性电荷相吸是基本的电磁学原理。但几十年来,科学家偶尔会观察到一种反直觉且有争议的现象:当分散到水和醇类等溶剂中后,带同种电荷的颗粒有时也会相互吸引。最近,一项发表于《自然.纳米技术》(Nature Nanotechnology)... 详细信息

同性电荷相斥、异性电荷相吸是基本的电磁学原理。但几十年来,科学家偶尔会观察到一种反直觉且有争议的现象:当分散到水和醇类等溶剂中后,带同种电荷的颗粒有时也会相互吸引。最近,一项发表于《自然.纳米技术》(Nature Nanotechnology)的研究指出,这种现象源于溶剂的分子特性。研究团队观察到,在水中,带负电的二氧化硅颗粒会相互吸引而聚在一起,并形成六角形团簇。

关键词：六角形带负电分子特性研究团队纳米技术二氧化硅颗粒电荷反直觉

Molybdenum disulfide as hydrogen evolution catalyst:From atomistic to materials structure and electrocatalytic performance

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第12期87卷 256-285,I0007页

作者： Mohsin Muhyuddin Giorgio Tseberlidis Maurizio Filippo Acciarri Oran lori Massimiliano D'Arienzo Massimiliano Cavallini Plamen Atanassov Lior Elbaz Alessandro Lavacchi Carlo Santoro Department of Materials Science University of Milano-BicoccaVia Roberto Cozzi 55Building U520125 MilanItaly Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (ISMN)Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche(CNR)Via P.Gobetti 101BolognaItaly Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of CaliforniaIrvineCA 92697United States Department of Chemistry and the Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Bar-Ilan UniversityRamat-Gan 5290002Israel Institute of Chemistry of the Organometallic Compounds-National Research Council(ICCOM-CNR) Via Madonna del Piano1050019 Sesto Fiorentino(FI)Italy

Hydrogen production via water electrolysis defines the novel energy vector for achieving a sustainable ***,the true progress of the given technology is hindered by the sluggish and complex hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)occurring at the cathodic side of the system where overpriced and scarce Pt-based electrocatalysts are usually ***,efficient platinum group metals(PGMs)-free electrocatalysts to carry out HER with accelerated kinetics are urgently *** this scenario,molybdenum disulfide(MoS_(2))owing to efficacious structural attributes and optimum hydrogen-binding free energy(ΔG_(H*))is emerging as a reliable alternative to ***,the performance of MoS_(2)-based electrocatalysts is still far away from the benchmark *** HER activity of MoS_(2)can be improved by engineering the structural parameters i.e.,doping,defects inducement,modulating the electronic structure,stabilizing the 1 T phase,creating nanocomposites,and altering the morphologies using appropriate fabrication ***,we have comprehensively reviewed the majority of the scientific endeavors published in recent years to uplift the HER activity of MoS_(2)-based electrocatalysts using different *** in the major fabrication strategies including hydrothermal synthesis methods,chemical vapor deposition,exfoliation techniques,plasma treatments,chemical methodologies,*** tune the structural parameters and hence their ultimate influence on the electrocatalytic activity in acidic and/or alkaline media have been thoroughly *** study can provide encyclopedic insights about the fabrication routes that have been pursued to improve the HER performance of MoS_(2)-based electrocatalysts.

关键词： Hydrogen evolution reaction Molybdenum disulphide Electrocatalysts Synthesis techniques Sustainable energy production Water electrolysis