检索结果-南通市图书馆

Radiomics and artificial intelligence applications in pediatric brain tumors

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第8期20卷 747-763页

作者： Francesco Pacchiano Mario Tortora Chiara Doneda Giana Izzo Filippo Arrigoni lorenzo ugga Renato Cuocolo Cecilia Parazzini Andrea Righini Arturo Brunetti Department of Precision Medicine University of Campania“L.Vanvitelli”CasertaItaly Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences University of Naples“Federico Ⅱ”Via Pansini 580131NaplesItaly Department of Head and Neck Neuroradiology UnitAORN MoscatiAvellinoItaly Department of Pediatric Radiology and Neuroradiology V.Buzzi Children’s HospitalMilanItaly Department of Medicine Surgery and DentistryUniversity of SalernoBaronissiItaly

Background The study of central nervous system(CNS)tumors is particularly relevant in the pediatric population because of their relatively high frequency in this demographic and the significant impact on disease-and treatment-related morbidity and *** both morphological and non-morphological magnetic resonance imaging techniques can give important information concerning tumor characterization,grading,and patient prognosis,increasing evidence in recent years has highlighted the need for personalized treatment and the development of quantitative imaging parameters that can predict the nature of the lesion and its possible *** this purpose,radiomics and the use of artificial intelligence software,aimed at obtaining valuable data from images beyond mere visual observation,are gaining increasing *** brief review illustrates the current state of the art of this new imaging approach and its contributions to understanding CNS tumors in *** sources We searched the PubMed,Scopus,and Web of Science databases using the following key search terms:(“radiomics”AND/OR“artificial intelligence”)AND(“pediatric AND brain tumors”).Basic and clinical research literature related to the above key research terms,i.e.,studies assessing the key factors,challenges,or problems of using radiomics and artificial intelligence in pediatric brain tumors management,was *** A total of 63 articles were *** included ones were published between 2008 and *** nervous tumors are crucial in pediatrics due to their high frequency and impact on disease and *** serves as the cornerstone of neuroimaging,providing cellular,vascular,and functional information in addition to morphological features for brain *** can provide a quantitative approach to medical imaging analysis,aimed at increasing the information obtainable from the pixels/voxel grey-level values and their ***“radiomic workflow”in

关键词： Machine learning Neuroradiology Pediatric brain tumors Radiomics

Colorectal cancer: Parametric evaluation of morphological,functional and molecular tomographic imaging

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第35期25卷 5233-5256页

作者： Pier Paolo Mainenti Arnaldo Stanzione Salvatore Guarino Valeria Romeo lorenzo ugga Federica Romano Giovanni Storto Simone Maurea Arturo Brunetti Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging of the National Council of Research (CNR) Naples 80145 Italy University of Naples "Federico II" Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences Naples 80131 Italy IRCCS-CROB Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata Rionero in Vulture 85028 Italy

Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents one of the leading causes of tumor-related deaths worldwide. Among the various tools at physicians’ disposal for the diagnostic management of the disease, tomographic imaging (e.g., CT, MRI, and hybrid PET imaging) is considered essential. The qualitative and subjective evaluation of tomographic images is the main approach used to obtain valuable clinical information, although this strategy suffers from both intrinsic and operator-dependent limitations. More recently, advanced imaging techniques have been developed with the aim of overcoming these issues. Such techniques, such as diffusion-weighted MRI and perfusion imaging, were designed for the “in vivo” evaluation of specific biological tissue features in order to describe them in terms of quantitative parameters, which could answer questions difficult to address with conventional imaging alone (e.g., questions related to tissue characterization and prognosis). Furthermore, it has been observed that a large amount of numerical and statistical information is buried inside tomographic images, resulting in their invisibility during conventional assessment. This information can be extracted and represented in terms of quantitative parameters through different processes (e.g., texture analysis). Numerous researchers have focused their work on the significance of these quantitative imaging parameters for the management of CRC patients. In this review, we aimed to focus on evidence reported in the academic literature regarding the application of parametric imaging to the diagnosis, staging and prognosis of CRC while discussing future perspectives and present limitations. While the transition from purely anatomical to quantitative tomographic imaging appears achievable for CRC diagnostics, some essential milestones, such as scanning and analysis standardization and the definition of robust cut-off values, must be achieved before quantitative tomographic imaging can be incorporated into

关键词： Colorectal cancer Computed tomography Magnetic resonance imaging Positron emission tomography Parametric imaging Perfusion imaging Diffusion imaging Texture analysis

Artificial intelligence and pituitary adenomas:A review

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Artificial Intelligence in Medical Imaging 2020年第2期1卷 70-77页

作者： Elvira Guerriero lorenzo ugga Renato Cuocolo Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences University of Naples“Federico II”Naples 80131Italy

The aim of this review was to provide an overview of the main concepts in machine learning(ML)and to analyze the ML applications in the imaging of pituitary *** describing the clinical,pathological and imaging features of pituitary tumors,we defined the difference between ML and classical rule-based algorithms,we illustrated the fundamental ML techniques:supervised,unsupervised and reinforcement learning and explained the characteristic of deep learning,a ML approach employing networks inspired by brain’s *** assessment and neurosurgical outcome prediction were the potential ML applications using magnetic resonance *** pre-treatment assessment,ML methods were used to have information about tumor consistency,predict cavernous sinus invasion and high proliferative index,discriminate null cell adenomas,which respond to neo-adjuvant radiotherapy from other subtypes,predict somatostatin analogues response and visual pathway *** neurosurgical outcome prediction,the following applications were discussed:Gross total resection prediction,evaluation of Cushing disease recurrence after transsphenoidal surgery and prediction of cerebrospinal fluid fistula’s formation after *** clinical applicability requires more replicability,generalizability and validation,results are promising,and ML software can be a potential power to facilitate better clinical decision making in pituitary tumor patients.

关键词： Pituitary adenoma Machine learning Deep learning Radiomics Texture analysis Magnetic resonance imaging

Spectroscopic detection of forest diseases:a review(1970–2020)

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第1期33卷 21-38页

作者： lorenzo Cotrozzi Department of Agriculture Food and EnvironmentUniversity of PisaVia del Borghetto 8056124 PisaItaly

Sustainable forest management is essential to confront the detrimental impacts of diseases on forest *** review highlights the potential of vegetation spectroscopy in improving the feasibility of assessing forest disturbances induced by diseases in a timely and cost-effective *** basic concepts of vegetation spectroscopy and its application in phytopathology are first outlined then the literature on the topic is *** several optical sensors from leaf to landscape-level,a number of forest diseases characterized by variable pathogenic processes have been detected,identified and quantified in many country sites ***,these reviewed studies have pointed out the green and red regions of the visible spectrum,the red-edge and the early near-infrared as the spectral regions most sensitive to the disease development as they are mostly related to chlorophyll changes and symptom *** disease conditions particularly affect the shortwave-infrared region,mostly related to water *** review also highlights some major issues to be addressed such as the need to explore other major forest diseases and geographic areas,to further develop hyperspectral sensors for early detection and discrimination of forest disturbances,to improve devices for remote sensing,to implement longterm monitoring,and to advance algorithms for exploitation of spectral *** of these goals will enhance the capability of vegetation spectroscopy in early detection of forest stress and in managing forest diseases.

关键词： Forest management Plant disease detection Refectance Remote sensing Spectral imaging

Silicon nanocrystals to enable silicon photonics

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Chinese Optics Letters 2009年第4期7卷 319-324页

作者： lorenzo Pavesi Nanoscience Laboratory Department of PhysicsUniversity of Trento

Low dimensional silicon, where quantum size effects play significant roles, enables silicon with new photonic functionalities. In this short review, we discuss the way that silicon nanocrystals are produced, their optoelectronic properties and a few device applications. We demonstrate that low dimensional silicon is an optimum material for developing silicon photonics.

关键词： Nanocrystals Photonic devices

Growth associated protein 43 and neurofilament immunolabeling in the transected lumbar spinal cord of lizard indicates limited axonal regeneration

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第5期17卷 1034-1041页

作者： lorenzo Alibardi Comparative Histolab Padova and Department of Biology University of BolognaBolognaItaly

Previous cytological studies on the transected lumbar spinal cord of lizards have shown the presence of differentiating glial cells,few neurons and axons in the bridge region between the proximal and distal stumps of the spinal cord in some cases.A limited number of axons(20-50)can cross the bridge and re-connect the caudal stump of the spinal cord with small neurons located in the rostral stump of the spinal *** axonal regeneration appears to be related to the recovery of hind-limb movements after initial *** present study extends previous studies and shows that after transection of the lumbar spinal cord in lizards,a glial-connective tissue bridge that reconnects the rostral and caudal stumps of the interrupted spinal cord is formed at 11-34 days *** an initial paralysis some recovery of hindlimb movements occurs within 1-3 months *** and ultrastructural analysis for a growth associated protein 43(GAP-43)of 48-50 k Da shows that sparse GAP-43 positive axons are present in the proximal stump of the spinal cord but their number decreased in the bridge at 11-34 days *** immunolabeled axons with a neurofilament protein of 200-220 k Da were seen in the bridge at 11-22 days post-transection but their number increased at 34 days and 3 months post-amputation in lizards that have recovered some hindlimb *** neurons in the rostral and caudal stumps of the spinal cord were also labeled for GAP43,a cytoplasmic protein that is trans-located into their axonal growth *** indicates that GAP-43 biosynthesis is related to axonal regeneration and sprouting from neurons that were damaged by the *** together,previous studies that utilized tract-tracing technique to label the present observations confirm that a limited axonal re-connection of the transected spinal cord occurs 1-3 months post-injury in *** few regenerating-sprouting axons within the bridge reconnect

关键词： GAP-43 immunocytochemistry lizard neurofilaments regeneration spinal cord

Brain network modulation in Alzheimer’s disease:clinical phenotypes and windows of opportunity

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第1期18卷 115-116页

作者： lorenzo Pini Padova Neuroscience Center University of PadovaPadovaItaly

Dementia,for which there is no cure or effective treatment,is the leading cause of disability and death *** to the high global prevalence and economic impact on families,caregivers,and communities,this condition represents one of the most significant public health challenges of our *** is an umbrella term describing a range of progressive neurodegenerative diseases,including Alzheimer’s disease(AD),which is the most common cause of cognitive and functional impairment among older *** presence of misfolded protein aggregates characterizes neurodegenerative disorders(e.g.,amyloid-beta(Aβ)and tau in AD).

关键词： Alzheimer Aβ death tau

Immunodetection of ephrin receptors in the regenerating tail of the lizard Podarcis muralis suggests stimulation of differentiation and muscle segmentation

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Zoological Research 2019年第5期40卷 416-426页

作者： lorenzo Alibardi Comparative Histolab Padova and Department of Biology University of Bologna

Ephrin receptors are the most common tyrosine kinase effectors operating during development. Ephrin receptor genes are reported to be up-regulated in the regenerating tail of the Podarcis muralis lizard. Thus, in the current study, we investigated immunolocalization of ephrin receptors in the Podarcis muralis tail during regeneration. Weak immunolabelled bands for ephrin receptors were detected at 15–17 kDa, with a stronger band also detected at 60–65 kDa. Labelled cells and nuclei were seen in the basal layer of the apical wound epidermis and ependyma, two key tissues stimulating tail regeneration. Strong nuclear and cytoplasmic labelling were present in the segmental muscles of the regenerating tail, sparse blood vessels, and perichondrium of regenerating cartilage. The immunolocalization of ephrin receptors in muscle that gives rise to large portions of new tail tissue was correlated with their segmentation. This study suggests that the high localization of ephrin receptors in differentiating epidermis, ependyma, muscle, and cartilaginous cells is connected to the regulation of cell proliferation through the activation of programs for cell differentiation in the proximal regions of the regenerating tail. The lower immunolabelling of ephrin receptors in the apical blastema, where signaling proteins stimulating cell proliferation are instead present, helps maintain the continuous growth of this region.

关键词： Lizard Regenerating blastema Ephrin receptors Immunolabelling Western blotting

Human Mobility in the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2016年第1期7卷 30-40页

作者： lorenzo Guadagno Department of Operations and Emergencies International Organization for Migration(IOM)

This article looks at how population movements are addressed by the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030(SFDRR), and highlights some of the potential implications of the SFDRR on disaster risk reduction(DRR) and mobility management work. The article looks at the operational implications of the SFDRR text and covers issues of including migrants in DRR work;informing urban development about current and future mobility trends; managing relocations, evacuations, and displacement to prevent future risks and reduce existing ones; and preparing for and managing disaster-induced population movements to reduce the direct and indirect impacts of natural hazards. Overall, the references to human mobility within the SFDRR show an evolution in the way the issue is considered within global policy dialogues. Both the potential of population movements to produce risk and their role in strengthening the resilience of people and communities are now clearly recognized. This is an evolution of previously prevailing views of mobility as the consequence of disasters or as a driver of risk. While some implications of the DRR-mobility nexus might still be missing from DRR policy, population movements are now recognized as a key global risk dynamic.

关键词： Disaster risk reduction Displacement Human mobility Migration Relocation Sendai framework for disaster risk reduction