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Innate immunity–the hallmark of Helicobacter pylori infection in pediatric chronic gastritis

World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第23期9卷 6686-6697页

作者： lorena elena meliț Cristina Oana Mărginean Maria Oana Săsăran Simona Mocan Dana Valentina Ghiga Alina Bogliş Carmen Duicu Department of Pediatrics I “George Emil Palade”University of MedicinePharmacySciences and Technology Târgu MureșTârgu Mureș540136Romania Department of Pediatrics III “George Emil Palade”University of MedicinePharmacySciences and Technology Târgu MureșTârgu Mureș540136Romania Department of Pathology Emergency County Hospital Târgu MureșTârgu Mureș540139Romania Scientific Medical Research Methodology “George Emil Palade”University of MedicinePharmacySciences and Technology Târgu MureșTârgu Mureș540136Romania Department of Genetics Center for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research“George Emil Palade”University of MedicinePharmacySciences and Technology Târgu MureșTârgu Mureș540136Romania

BACKGROUND Innate immunity was found to be associated with both persistence of Helicobacter pylori(***)infection and increased risk of gastric *** To identify the risk factors associated with *** infection and to establish the role of TLR9 rs352140 in suppressing or promoting inflammation related to this infection in *** We performed a study of 155 children with digestive symptoms,who were divided into two groups according to the histopathological exam:Group 1–48 children with ***-induced chronic gastritis,and Group 2–control *** Rural area and poor living conditions were significantly associated with *** chronic gastritis(P=0.0042/P<0.0001).Both positive immunoglobulin A anti *** and the rapid urease test were significantly associated with *** infection(P<0.0001).Significantly higher values of leukocytes and neutrophils within the peripheral blood were found in children with *** chronic gastritis(P=0.111/P=0.284).We found a significant positive correlation between the variant TT genotype of TLR9 rs352140 polymorphism and both leucocytes and neutrophils(P=0.0225/P=0.0292).CONCLUSION Variant TT genotype carriers of the TLR9 rs352140 gene polymorphism might have a more severe degree of inflammation.

关键词： Innate immunity Helicobacter pylori infection Children Chronic gastritis TLR9 Systemic inflammation

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Calcium-sensitive protein MLC1 as a possible modulator of the astrocyte functional state

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2008-2010页

作者： elena Ambrosini Angela Lanciotti Maria Stefania Brignone Department of Neuroscience Istituto Superiore di SanitàRomeItaly

Astrocytes,the main population of glial cells in the central nervous system(CNS),exert essential tasks for the control of brain tissue homeostasis,supporting neuron and other glial cell activity from the developmental stage to adult *** maintain the optimal functionality of the brain,astroglial cells are particularly committed to reacting to every change in tissue homeostatic conditions,from mild modifications of the physiological environment,a process called astrocyte activation,to the more severe alterations occurring in pathological situations causing astrocyte reactivity or reactive astrogliosis(Escartin et al.,2021).During these reactive states,astrocytes mount an active,progressive response encompassing morphological,molecular,and interactional remodeling,leading to the acquisition of new functions and the loss of others,whose intensity,duration,and reversibility are dependent on the nature of the stimulus and regulated in a context-specific manner.

关键词： alterations modulator maintain

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Beyond wrecking a wall:revisiting the concept of blood–brain barrier breakdown in ischemic stroke

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1944-1956页

作者： Julia Castillo-González elena González-Rey Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine Lopez-Neyra(IPBLN) CSICPT SaludGranadaSpain

The blood–brain barrier constitutes a dynamic and interactive boundary separating the central nervous system and the peripheral *** tightly modulates the ion transport and nutrient influx,while restricting the entry of harmful factors,and selectively limiting the migration of immune cells,thereby maintaining brain *** the well-established association between blood–brain barrier disruption and most neurodegenerative/neuroinflammatory diseases,much remains unknown about the factors influencing its physiology and the mechanisms underlying its ***,the role of blood–brain barrier breakdown in the translational failure underlying therapies for brain disorders is just starting to be *** review aims to revisit this concept of“blood–brain barrier breakdown,”delving into the most controversial aspects,prevalent challenges,and knowledge gaps concerning the lack of blood–brain barrier *** moving beyond the oversimplistic dichotomy of an“open”/“bad”or a“closed”/“good”barrier,our objective is to provide a more comprehensive insight into blood–brain barrier dynamics,to identify novel targets and/or therapeutic approaches aimed at mitigating blood–brain barrier ***,in this review,we advocate for considering the diverse time-and location-dependent alterations in the blood–brain barrier,which go beyond tight-junction disruption or brain endothelial cell breakdown,illustrated through the dynamics of ischemic stroke as a case *** this exploration,we seek to underscore the complexity of blood–brain barrier dysfunction and its implications for the pathogenesis and therapy of brain diseases.

关键词： blood–brain barrier disruption drug delivery ischemic stroke neuroinflammation tight-junctions

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Context-dependent role of sirtuin 2 in inflammation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 682-694页

作者： NoemíSola-Sevilla Maider Garmendia-Berges MCarmen Mera-Delgado elena Puerta Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Division of PharmacologySchool of Pharmacy and NutritionUniversity of NavarraPamplonaSpain Navarra Institute for Health Research(IdiSNA) PamplonaSpain

Sirtuin 2 is a member of the sirtuin family nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD~+)-dependent deacetylases, known for its regulatory role in different processes, including inflammation. In this context, sirtuin 2 has been involved in the modulation of key inflammatory signaling pathways and transcription factors by deacetylating specific targets, such as nuclear factor κB and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-leucine-rich-repeat and pyrin domain-containing protein 3(NLRP3). However, whether sirtuin 2-mediated pathways induce a pro-or an anti-inflammatory response remains controversial. Sirtuin 2 has been implicated in promoting inflammation in conditions such as asthma and neurodegenerative diseases, suggesting that its inhibition in these conditions could be a potential therapeutic strategy. Conversely, arthritis and type 2 diabetes mellitus studies suggest that sirtuin 2 is essential at the peripheral level and, thus, its inhibition in these pathologies would not be recommended. Overall, the precise role of sirtuin 2 in inflammation appears to be context-dependent, and further investigation is needed to determine the specific molecular mechanisms and downstream targets through which sirtuin 2 influences inflammatory processes in various tissues and pathological conditions. The present review explores the involvement of sirtuin 2 in the inflammation associated with different pathologies to elucidate whether its pharmacological modulation could serve as an effective strategy for treating this prevalent symptom across various diseases.

关键词： interferon inflammation lipopolysaccharide neuroinflammation NLRP3 nuclear factorκB sirtuin 2

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Data-driven drug repositioning using olfactory omics profiles:challenges and perspectives in neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1997-1998页

作者： Paz Cartas-Cejudo Adriana Cortés Mercedes Lachén-Montes elena Anaya-Cubero Joaquín Fernández-Irigoyen Enrique Santamaría Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit Proteomics PlatformNavarrabiomedHospitalario Universitario de Navarra(HUN)Universidad Pública de Navarra(UPNA)IdiSNANavarra Institute for Health ResearchPamplonaSpain

Data-driven drug repositioning using olfactory omics profiles-challenges and perspectives in neurodegeneration:Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by progressive degeneration and loss of neuronal function in the central nervous *** diseases are often characterized as proteinopathies,which are disorders primarily driven by the aggregation or misfolding of specific amyloid proteins within cells,leading to their dysfunction and eventual *** the gain-of-function hypothesis related to the aggregation of these proteins,recently,an alternative hypothesis regarding the loss-of-function of the soluble monomeric proteins during the process of aggregation into amyloids is gaining *** last event is called proteinopenia and refers to conditions characterized by a deficiency or decrease in the levels of specific soluble proteins in the body(Ezzat et al.,2023).It has been demonstrated that levels of soluble proteins involved in neurodegenerative diseases are decreased.

关键词： diseases drug amyloid

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Small heat shock protein B8:from cell functions to its involvement in diseases and potential therapeutic applications

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2872-2886页

作者： Marta Chierichetti Riccardo Cristofani Valeria Crippa Veronica Ferrari Marta Cozzi elena Casarotto Paola Pramaggiore Laura Cornaggia Guglielmo Patelli Ali Mohamed Margherita Piccolella Mariarita Galbiati Paola Rusmini Barbara Tedesco Angelo Poletti Laboratory of Experimental Biology Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari“Rodolfo Paoletti”(DiSFeB)Universitàdegli Studi di MilanoMilanItaly

Heat shock protein family B(small)member 8(HSPB8)is a 22 kDa ubiquitously expressed protein belonging to the family of small heat shock ***8 is involved in various cellular mechanisms mainly related to proteotoxic stress response and in other processes such as inflammation,cell division,and ***8 binds misfolded clients to prevent their aggregation by assisting protein refolding or degradation through chaperone-assisted selective *** line with this function,the pro-degradative activity of HSPB8 has been found protective in several neurodegenerative and neuromuscular diseases characterized by protein misfolding and *** cancer,HSPB8 has a dual role being capable of exerting either a pro-or an anti-tumoral activity depending on the pathways and factors expressed by the model of cancer under ***,HSPB8 exerts a protective function in different diseases by modulating the inflammatory response,which characterizes not only neurodegenerative diseases,but also other chronic or acute conditions affecting the nervous system,such as multiple sclerosis and intracerebellar *** note,HSPB8 modulation may represent a therapeutic approach in other neurological conditions that develop as a secondary consequence of other *** is the case of cognitive impairment related to diabetes mellitus,in which HSPB8 exerts a protective activity by assuring mitochondrial *** review aims to summarize the diverse and multiple functions of HSPB8 in different pathological conditions,focusing on the beneficial effects of its ***-based and alternative therapeutic approaches targeting HSPB8 and its regulated pathways will be discussed,emphasizing how new strategies for cell and tissue-specific delivery represent an avenue to advance in disease treatments.

关键词： aggregation autophagy cancer chaperone chaperone-assisted selective autophagy cognitive impairment HSPB8 neuroinflammation neuromuscular diseases therapy

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Palladium installed copper-organic framework for C–C coupling reactions

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Yu-Mei Wang Mei-Xia Tao Kai-Ming Mo Xu Chen Shu-Hua Zhong elena S Shubina Guo-Hong Ning Dan Li College of Chemistry and Materials Science Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Coordination ChemistryJinan University A.N.Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences

The formation of C–C bonds is a crucial aspect of organic synthesis. Synthesists' long-term objective is to identify novel catalysts to optimize reaction systems based on traditional transition metal catalysis. This study explores the synthesis and catalytic potential of palladium-installed covalent metal-organic frameworks(CMOFs) based on copper cyclic trinuclear units(Cu-CTUs). By incorporating palladium ions into the imine-based framework JNM-7 through a straightforward immersion method, we achieved a notable enhancement in catalytic activity for critical C–C coupling reactions, including C–H arylation and Sonogashira cross-coupling. The resulting JNM-7-Pd demonstrated remarkable stability and recyclability, maintaining its efficiency over at least three cycles without any decline in efficiency.

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Arabidopsis thaliana AtUTr7 Encodes a Golgi-Localized UDP-Glucose/UDP-Galactose Transporter that Affects Lateral Root Emergence

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Molecular Plant 2012年第6期5卷 1263-1280页

作者： Michael Handford Cecilia Rodriguez-Furlan lorena Marchan Marcelo Segura Daniela Gomez elena Alvarez-Buyllal Guang-Yan Xiong Markus Pauly Ariel Orellana Department of Biology Faculty of Sciences University of Chile Santiago Chile Present address: Department of Biochemistry University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1QW UK Centro de Biotecnologia Vegetal Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas Universidad Andres Bello Republica 217 Santiago Chile Present address: Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas Universidad AndrOs Bello Vina del Mar Chile Present address: Department of Pathobiology School of Veterinary Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA Instituto de Ecologia UNAM Mexico City Mexico Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation

Nucleotide sugar transporters （NSTs） are antiporters comprising a gene family that plays a fundamental role in the biosynthesis of complex cell wall polysaccharides and glycoproteins in plants. However, due to the limited number of related mutants that have observable phenotypes, the biological function（s） of most NSTs in cell wall biosynthesis and assembly have remained elusive. Here, we report the characterization of AtUTr7 from Arabidopsis （Arabidopsis thaliana （L.） Heynh.）, which is homologous to multi-specific UDP-sugar transporters from Drosophila melanogaster, humans, and Caenorhabditis elegans. We show that AtUTr7 possesses the common structural characteristics conserved among NSTs. Using a green fluorescent protein （GFP） tagged version, we demonstrate that AtUTr7 is localized in the Golgi apparatus. We also show that AtUTr7 is widely expressed, especially in the roots and in specific floral organs. Additionally, the results of an in vitro nucleotide sugar transport assay carried out with a tobacco and a yeast expression system suggest that AtUTr7 is capable of transferring UDP-Gal and UDP-GIc, but not a range of other UDP- and GDP-sugars, into the Golgi lumen. Mutants lacking expression of AtUTr7 exhibited an early proliferation of lateral roots as well as distorted root hairs when cultivated at high sucrose concentrations. Furthermore, the distribution of homogalacturonan with a low degree of methyl esterification differed in lateral root tips of the mutant compared to wild-type plants, although additional analytical procedures revealed no further differences in the composition of the root cell walls. This evidence suggests that the transport of UDP-Gal and UDP-GIc into the Golgi under conditions of high root biomass production plays a role in lateral root and root hair development.

关键词： nucleotide sugars nucleotide sugar transporters Golgi apparatus cell wall.

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Hormetic effects of abiotic environmental stressors in woody plants in the context of climate change

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第1期34卷 7-19页

作者： elena A.Erofeeva Department of Ecology Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod23 Gagarina PrNizhni NovgorodRussian Federation 603950

Woody plants contribute to the stability and productivity of terrestrial ecosystems and are significantly affected by climate *** to the concept of environmental hormesis,any environmental stressors can cause hormesis,that is,stimulation in low doses and inhibition in high *** studies have demonstrated plant hormesis under low doses of various abiotic ***,the hormetic responses of woody plants to abiotic stressors from climate change are insufficiently *** review analyses data on the stimulating effects of low doses of climate stressors in experiments and in real *** laboratory and field experiments show that single and combined exposure to various climate stressors(temperature,humidity,and elevated carbon dioxide concentrations) can cause hormesis in various species and functional types of woody plants,which can be accompanied by hormetic trade-offs and *** addition,there is evidence of climate hormesis in woody plants in ecosystem *** experiments in various ecosystems show that elevated temperatures and/or precipitation or elevated carbon dioxide concentrations causing hormesis in dominant tree species can stimulate ecosystem ***,climate hormesis of the growth and reproduction of dominant forest tree species contributes to the spread of forests,that is,climate-driven ecological *** main commonalities of climate hormesis in woody species include:(1) Low-dose climate stressors cause hormesis in woody plants when strong(limiting) stressors do not affect plants or these limiting stressors are mitigated by climate change.(2) Hormesis can occur with the direct impact of climatic stressors on trees and with the indirect impact of these stressors on plants through other parts of the ecosystem.(3)Climate stressor interactions(e.g.,synergism,antagonism)can affect hormesis.(4) Hormesis may disappear due to tree acclimatization with consequent changes in the

关键词： Abiotic stress Ecological succession Ecosystem Forest Hormesis

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Aminoguanidine impedes human pancreatic tumor growth and metastasis development in nude mice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第9期15卷 1065-1071页

作者： Nora A Mohamad Graciela P Cricco lorena A Sambuco Máximo Croci Vanina A Medina Alicia S Gutiérrez Rosa M Bergoc elena S Rivera Gabriela A Martín Laboratory of Radioisotopes School of Pharmacy and BiochemistryUniversity of Buenos AiresJunín 954 (C1113AAB)Buenos AiresArgentina Institute of Immunooncology Dr. Ernesto Crescenti Av. Córdoba 3200 (C1187AAS)Buenos AiresArgentina National Research Council (CONICET) Av. Rivadavia 1917 (C1033AAJ)Buenos AiresArgentina

AIM:To study the action of aminoguanidine on pancreatic cancer xenografts in relation to cell proliferation,apoptosis,redox status and ***:Xenografts of PANC-1 cells were developed in nude mice. The animals were separated into two groups:control and aminoguanidine treated. Tumor growth,survival and appearance of metastases were determined in vivo in both groups. Tumors were excised and ex vivo histochemical studies were performed. Cell growth was assessed by Ki-67 expression. Apoptosis was studied by intratumoral expression of B cell lymphoma-2 protein (Bcl-2) family proteins and Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase biotin-dUTP Nick End Labeling (Tunel). Redox status was evaluated by the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS),catalase,copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD),manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Finally,vascularization was determined by Massons trichromic staining,and by VEGF and CD34 ***:Tumor volumes after 32 d of treatment by aminoguanidine (AG) were significantly lower than in control mice (P < 0.01). Median survival of AG mice was significantly greater than control animals (P < 0.01). The appearance of both homolateral and contralateral palpable metastases was significantly delayed in AG group. Apoptotic cells,intratumoral vascularization (trichromic stain) and the expression of Ki-67,Bax,eNOS,CD34,VEGF,catalase,CuZnSOD and MnSOD were diminished in AG treated mice (P < 0.01),while the expression of Bcl-2 and GPx did not ***:The antitumoral action of aminoguanidine is associated with decreased cell proliferation,reduced angiogenesis,and reduced expression of antioxidant enzymes.

关键词： Aminoguanidine Pancreatic ductal carcinoma Tumor growth Metastasis Apoptosis

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