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phase-field modeling of fracture for quasi-brittle materials

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Underground Space 2019年第1期4卷 10-21页

作者： Jacinto Ulloa patricio rodríguez Cristóbal Samaniego Esteban Samaniego Department of Civil Engineering Katholieke Universiteit LeuvenB-3001 LeuvenBelgium Departamento de Recursos Hídricos y Ciencias Ambientales Universidad de CuencaCuenca 010151Ecuador Universidad de Cuenca Cuenca 010151Ecuador Institut für Kontinuumsmechanik Leibniz Universität HannoverHannover 30167Germany Inria Bordeaux-Sud-Ouest Research Center 200 Avenue de la Vieille TourTalence 33405France Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad de CuencaEcuador

This paper addresses the modeling of fracture in quasi-brittle materials using a phase-field approach to the description of crack *** the computational mechanics community,several studies have treated the issue of modeling fracture using phase *** of these studies have used an approach that implies the lack of a damage *** herein explore an alternative model that includes a damage threshold and study how it compares with the most popular *** formulation is systematically explained within a rigorous variational ***,we present the corresponding three-dimensional finite element discretization that leads to a straightforward numerical *** simulations in two dimensions and three dimensions are then *** results show that while an elastic stage and a damage threshold are ensured by the present model,good agreement with the results reported in the literature can be obtained,where such features are generally absent.

关键词： Quasi-brittle materials Fracture Variational formulation phase fields Gradient damage

Composition and physico-Chemical properties of Meat from Capons Fed Cereals

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第11期12卷 1953-1960页

作者： Olga Díaz Luisana rodríguez Alexandr Torres ngel Cobos Food Technology Division Department of Analytical ChemistryNutrition and Food ScienceFaculty of SciencesUniversity of Santiago de Compostela

Chemical composition, physico-chemical properties and fatty acid composition of breast and drumstick meat from capons （castrated male cockerels） fed cereals were studied. Three groups of capons were reared. One group was fed ad libitum the same commercial diet until the 4th mon of life. The last month of its life, the capons of this group were fed corn. The second and third group of capons were fed the same diet from caponization. The second group was fed mixture of corn （50%） and wheat （50%）. The third group of capons was fed 2/3 corn and 1/3 mixture of corn （50%） and barley （50%）. Capons were reared under free-range conditions and slaughtered at 150 d of age. Caponization was performed at 48 d. No signiifcant effects of feeding in chemical composition, pH, water holding capacity, drip and cooking losses and texture of the meat were observed. The meat of the third group （capons fed 83%corn） was more yellow and showed higher content of C18：2 than that of the other capons.

关键词： castrated male cockerel feeding meat quality fatty acids

Architectural graphics and the experience of space. Freehand drawing and photograph to deepen on communicative qualities in linear perspective

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2023年第5期12卷 855-866页

作者： Vicente Lopez-Chao Marıa rodrıguez-Grela Architectural Graphics Department School of ArchitectureUniversidade da CorunaLa Coruna 15071Spain

Architecture communication on photo-sharing social networking services like Instagram focuses on ***,the conceptual intention or the experience of the architectural space has less impact in these *** architectural graphics techniques are closer to this purpose due to their *** main objective is to identify the visual qualities of the architectural space experience from a linear *** do this,the research proposes the design of a visual pattern recognition tool and applies it to pairs of images(photography and drawing)from the same *** results provide the strategy design based on five variables:the level of human presence,the distortion of perspective,the chromatic distortion,the overlay realism and the ***,the visual summaries lead to values that help to understand the communicative qualities of the experience of space due to their ability to compare main milestones of visual information.

关键词： Architecture Visual communication Storytelling Architectural design Conceptual representation photography

pANoptosis:new insights in regulated cell death in ischemia/reperfusion models

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第2期18卷 342-343页

作者： paloma González-rodríguez Arsenio Fernández-López Área de Biología Celular Instituto de BiomedicinaUniversidad de LeónSpain

See related article,pp 357-363The first study describing the cell death and destruction of tissues,organs,and organ systems as programmed events during the development of multicellular organisms was performed by JW Saunders Jr in *** term apoptosis was introduced by Kerr,Wyllie,and Currie in 1972 to describe a programmed phenomenon opposite to mitosis in the regulation of animal cell ***,a description of ectodermal cell lineages as programmed cell death in the worm Caenorhabditis elegans was publishedby JE Sulston and HR Horvitz in 1976.

关键词： organs insight opposite

plateau archives of lithosphere dynamics,cryosphere and paleoclimate:The formation of Cretaceous desert basins in east Asia

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第6期13卷 170-181页

作者： Chihua Wu Juan pedro rodríguez-López M.Santosh State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China pAGODA Research Group(plateau&Global Desert Basins Research Group) Institute of Sedimentary GeologyChengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China permafrost Laboratory Department of GeographyUniversity of SussexFalmerBrighton BN19SJUnited Kingdom School of Earth Science and Resources China University of Geosciences29 Xueyuan RoadBeijing 100083China Department of Earth Sciences University of AdelaideSA 5005Australia

Southeastern Eurasia is a global window to the Cretaceous paleoclimate and lithosphere *** contains one of the most complete and complex sedimentary records of Mesozoic desert basins on planet *** this study,we perform the spatio-temporal tracking of 96 Cretaceous palaeoclimate indicators during 79 Myr which reveal that the plateau paleoclimate archives from East Asia resulted from an Early to Mid-Cretaceous ocean–atmosphere coupling and a shift to a preponderant role of Late Cretaceous lithosphere dynamics and tectonic forcing on high-altitude depositional systems linked to the subduction margins of the Tethys and paleo-pacific realms beneath the Eurasian *** crustal response to tectonic processes linked with the spatio-temporal evolution of the Tethyan and paleo-pacific margins defined the configuration of major sedimentary basins on this *** significant increase and decrease in the number of active sedimentary basins that occur during the Cretaceous,from 16 in the Early Cretaceous,to 28 in the Mid-Cretaceous,and a decreasing to 20 sedimentary basins in the Late Cretaceous,is a direct response of lithospheric dynamics associated with the two main subduction zones(Tethys and pacific domains).A shift in subduction style from an Early Cretaceous paleo-pacific plate slab roll back to a Late Cretaceous flat-slab mode might have triggered regional plateau uplift,blocked intraplate volcanism,thus enhancing the denudation and sediment availability,and created wind corridors that led to the construction and accumulation of extensive Late Cretaceous aeolian sandy deserts(ergs)that covered Mid-Cretaceous plateau *** the same time,plateau uplift associated with crustal thickening following terrane assembly in the Tethyan margin triggered altitudinal cryospheric processes in sandy desert *** of an active Cretaceous cryosphere in China include ValanginianHauterivian glacial debris flows,Early Aptian geochemical signature of melt w

关键词： Cretaceous Cryosphere Aeolian plateau Subduction Asia

Nitrapyrin effectiveness in reducing nitrous oxide emissions decreases at low doses of urea in an Andosol

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pedosphere 2021年第2期31卷 303-313页

作者： Mayela MONGE-MUÑOZ Segundo URQUIAGA Christoph MÜLLER Juan Carlos CAMBRONEROHEINRICHS Mohammad ZAMAN Cristina CHINCHILLA-SOTO Azam BORZOUEI Khadim DAWAR Carlos E.rodrÍguez-rodrÍguez Ana Gabriela pÉRez-CASTILLO Environmental pollution Research Center(CICA) University of Costa RicaMontes de Oca 11501(Costa Rica) Embrapa Agrobiology Rod.BR 465km 7SeropédicaRJCEP 23891-000(Brazil) Institute of plant Ecology Justus Liebig University GiessenHeinrich-Buff Ring 26Giessen 35392(Germany) School of Biology and Environmental Science University College DublinBelfieldDublin 4(Ireland) Soil and Water Management&Crop Nutrition Section Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and AgricultureDepartment of Nuclear Sciences and ApplicationsInternational Atomic Energy AgencyVienna International CentreVienna 1400(Austria) Nuclear Agriculture Research School Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute(NSTRI)Karaj ***(Iran) Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences University of AgriculturePeshawar 25000(Pakistan)

In the tropics,frequent nitrogen(N)fertilization of grazing areas can potentially increase nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)*** application of nitrification inhibitors has been reported as an effective management practice for potentially reducing N loss from the soil-plant system and improving N use efficiency(NUE).The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the co-application of nitrapyrin(a nitrification inhibitor,NI)and urea in a tropical Andosol on the behavior of N and the emissions of N_(2)O from autotrophic and heterotrophic nitrification.A greenhouse experiment was performed using a soil(pH 5.9,organic matter content 78 g kg^(-1),and N 5.6 g kg^(-1))sown with Cynodon nlemfuensis at 60%water-filled pore space to quantify total N_(2)O emissions,N_(2)O derived from fertilizer,soil ammonium(NH_(4)^(+))and nitrate(NO_(3)^(-)),and *** study included treatments that received deionized water only(control,NI).No significant differences were observed in soil NH_(4)^(+)content between the UR and UR+NI treatments,probably because of soil mineralization and NO_(3)^(-)produced by heterotrophic nitrification,which is not effectively inhibited by *** 56 d,N_(2)O emissions in UR(0.51±0.12 mg N_(2)O-N concluded that the soil organic N mineralization and heterotrophic nitrification are the main processes of NH_(4)^(+)and NO_(3)^(-)***,it was found that N_(2)O emissions were partially a consequence of the direct oxidation of the soil's organic N via heterotrophic nitrification coupled to ***,the results suggest that nitrapyrin would likely exert significant mitigation on N_(2)O emissions only if a substantial N surplus exists in soils with high organic matter content.

关键词： autotrophic nitrification heterotrophic nitrification mineral N ^(15)N tracer nitrification inhibitor tropical grass

Biomaterial engineering strategies for modeling the Bruch's membrane in age-related macular degeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2626-2636页

作者： Blanca Molins Andrea rodríguez Víctor Llorenç Alfredo Adán Group of Ocular Inflammation:Clinical and Experimental Studies Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques AgustíPi I Sunyer(IDIBAPS)BarcelonaSpain Institut Clínic d’Oftalmologia(ICOF) Hospital Clínic BarcelonaSpain

Age-related macular degeneration,a multifactorial inflammatory degenerative retinal disease,ranks as the leading cause of blindness in the ***,there is a scarcity of curative therapies,especially for the atrophic advanced form of age-related macular degeneration,likely due to the lack of models able to fully recapitulate the native structure of the outer blood retinal barrier,the prime to rget tissue of age-related macular *** in vitro systems rely on 2D monocultures unable to adequately reproduce the structure and function of the outer blood retinal barrier,integrated by the dynamic interaction of the retinal pigment epithelium,the Bruch's membrane,and the underlying *** Bruch's membrane provides structu ral and mechanical support and regulates the molecular trafficking in the outer blood retinal barrier,and therefo re adequate Bruch's membrane-mimics are key for the development of physiologically relevant models of the outer blood retinal barrie *** the last years,advances in the field of biomaterial engineering have provided novel approaches to mimic the Bruch's membrane from a variety of *** review provides a discussion of the integrated properties and function of outer blood retinal barrier components in healt hy and age-related macular degeneration status to understand the requirements to adequately fabricate Bruch's membrane biomimetic ***,we discuss novel materials and techniques to fabricate Bruch's membrane-like scaffolds for age-related macular degeneration in vitro modeling,discussing their advantages and challenges with a special focus on the potential of Bruch's membrane-like mimics based on decellularized tissue.

关键词： age-related macular degeneration Bruch's membrane decellularization retinal pigment epithelium scaffold

Therapeutic effect of Streptococcus thermophilus CRL 1190-fermented milk on chronic gastritis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第13期16卷 1622-1630页

作者： Cecilia rodríguez Marta Medici Fernanda Mozzi Graciela Font de Valdez Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET Cátedra Microbiología Superior Facultad de Bioquímica Química y Farmacia Universidad Nacional de Tucumán

AIM: To investigate the potential therapeutic effect of exopolysaccharide (EpS)-producing Streptococcus thermophilus (S. thermophilus) CRL 1190 fermented milk on chronic gastritis in Balb/c mice. METHODS: Balb/c mice were fed with the fermented milk for 7 d after inducing gastritis with acetyl-salicylic acid (ASA, 400 mg/kg body weight per day for 10 d). Omeprazole was included in this study as a positive therapeutic control. The gastric in? ammatory activity was evaluated from gastric histology and in? ammation score, number of interleukin-10 (IL-10), interferon-γ (INFγ) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) cytokine-producing cells in the gastric mucosa, and thickness of the mucus layer. RESULTS: Animals receiving treatment with the EpS-producing S. thermophilus CRL 1190 fermented milk showed a conserved gastric mucosa structure similar to that of healthy animals. In? ammation scores of the fermented milk-treated mice were lower than those of mice in the gastritis group (0.2 ± 0.03 vs 2.0 ± 0.6, p p p p pared to the gastritis group, was observed. Also, an increase in the thickness of the mucus gel layer (2.2 ± 0.6 vs 1.0 ± 0.3; 5.1 ± 0.8 vs 1.5 ± 0.4 in the corpus and antrum mucosa, respectively, p pared with the gastritis group was noted. A milk suspension of the purif ied EpS from S. thermophilus CRL1190 was also effective as therapy for gastritis.

关键词： Lactic acid bacteria probiotics Gastritis Streptococcus thermophilus Exopolysaccharides

Effect of heat treatment on the mechanical and biocorrosion behaviour of two Mg-Zn-Ca alloys

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第2期10卷 581-595页

作者： N.pulido-González p.Hidalgo-Manrique S.García-rodríguez B.Torres J.Rams Departamento de Matemática Aplicada Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales y Tecnología ElectrónicaESCETUniversidad Rey Juan CarlosC/Tulipán s/nMóstolesMadrid28933Spain

The effect of heat treatment on the mechanical and biocorrosion behaviour of the Mg-1 wt.%Zn-1 wt.%Ca(ZX11)and Mg-3 wt.%Zn-0.4 wt.%Ca(ZX30)alloys was *** this purpose,three-point bending tests as well as electrochemical and immersion tests in Hank’s solution were performed on both alloys in four different thermal conditions:as-cast,solution-treated,peak-aged and *** examinations revealed that the as-cast ZX11 and ZX30 alloys exhibit a microstructure composed ofα-Mg grains separated by large Mg_(2)Ca and Ca_(2)Mg_(6)Zn_(3) particles and by large Ca_(2)Mg_(6)Zn_(3) particles,*** solution treatment,the Ca_(2)Mg_(6)Zn_(3) precipitates at the grain boundaries(GBs)are fully dissolved in the ZX11 alloy,but mainly redistributed to form a more connected configuration in the ZX30 alloy,showing a poor age-hardening ***,after solution-treatment,galvanic corrosion and corrosion rate decreases in the former,but increases in the *** peak-aged condition displays the highest corrosion rate for both alloys,maybe due to an excessive number density of fine Ca_(2)Mg_(6)Zn_(3) particles acting as cathodic ***,the over-aged condition shows the lowest corrosion rate for the ZX11 alloy and a very similar one to that of the as-cast sample for the ZX30 *** ZX11 alloy shows generally better biocorrosion behaviour than the ZX30 alloy to its lower content in the Ca_(2)Mg_(6)Zn_(3) phase and thus reduced galvanic *** Mg_(2)Ca phase present in the studied ZX11 alloy has been proved to exhibit an increased corrosion potential,which has been related to an observed enrichment with Zn.

关键词： Magnesium alloys Biodegradable implants Heat treatment Microstructure Mechanical properties Corrosion