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Multiphysics simulation and optimization of the in-situ beneficiation process of ilmenite minerals from lunar regolith

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Science China earth Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 195-207页

作者： Peng ZHANG Xin liu Guanghui liu Wei DAI Hanzhe YANG Haibo ZHeNG Zhi WANG Ran NIU Yifan BAI Yang ZHANG Chengbao liu Ge YANG Junwei YANG Guang ZHANG Technology and engineering Center for Space Utilization Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Hegong Simulation Co. Ltd

The exploration and utilization of lunar resources have become the major objectives of future lunar exploration missions. The classified collection and processing of lunar minerals is the basic prerequisite for the in-situ exploration and utilization of lunar resources. In this study, we propose a scheme for in-situ separation of magnetic minerals from lunar soils using the dry magnetic separation method. The scheme can realize the purpose of separating magnetic minerals from lunar regolith by altering the motion trajectory of lunar regolith particles with different magnetic properties. Detailed modeling of the dry magnetic separation device is conducted, and the three-dimensional distribution of magnetic parameters is calculated and analyzed. Based on the characterization and analysis of the Chang e-5's samples, the morphologies and physical parameters of lunar regolith particles are modeled and simulated. A discrete element simulation of the motion process of lunar regolith particles under multi-physical field conditions is performed, and the influences of key parameters on the beneficiation performance of lunar magnetic minerals are investigated. Our results indicate that optimal separation and beneficiation of lunar regolith particles can be achieved under specific conditions of magnetic field strength and drum speed. Additionally, we analyze the effects of lunar weak gravity conditions and the charged nature of lunar particles on the beneficiation process, showing that these factors can obviously enhance the beneficiation process of lunar ilmenites. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using the dry magnetic separation method for the beneficiation of magnetic minerals from lunar regolith, providing a theoretical basis for the scientific tasks of collecting, processing, and utilizing lunar mineral resources.

关键词： Lunar regolith In-situ resource utilization Magnetic separation Classified sampling

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emerging trends in the selective production of value-added aromatics

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 15-20页

作者： Yuchao Wu Houliang Dai Weisheng Yang Yaxing Li Lichen liu Petrochemical Research Institute Company Limited China National Petroleum Corporation engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare earth Materials Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University

1 Introduction Aromatics (mainly benzene, toluene, and xylenes, BTX) are essential intermediates in the chemical industry. They are employed in the synthesis of a broad spectrum of chemicals and materials, e.g., various polymers, plastics, resins, solvents, dyes, pharmaceuticals [1]. The manufacturing pathway of BTX mainly includes petroleum reforming of naphtha, coal-to-aromatics, methanol-to-aromatics [2].

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Preparation and applications of calcium ferrite as a functional material:A review

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第2期32卷 292-310页

作者： Xiuli Han Bowen Duan Lei liu Shilong Fang Weiwei Wang College of Mining engineering North China University of Science and TechnologyTangshan 063210China Collaborative Innovation Center of Green Development and ecological Restoration of Mineral Resources of Hebei Province Tangshan 063210China Key Laboratory of Mining Development and Security Technology of Hebei Province Tangshan 063210China

Calcium ferrite(CF)is recognized as a potential green and efficient functional material because of its advantages of magnetism,electrochemistry,catalysis,and biocompatibility in the fields of materials chemistry,environmental engineering,and ***-fore,the obtained research results need to be systematically summarized,and new perspectives on CF and its composite materials need to be *** on the presented studies of CF and its composite materials,the types and structures of the crystal are *** addition,the current application technologies and theoretical mechanisms with various properties in different fields are ***,the various preparation methods of CF and its composite materials are elaborated in *** importantly,the advantages and disadvantages of the synthesis methods of CF and its composite materials are discussed,and the existing problems and emerging challenges in practical production are ***,the key future research directions of CF and its composite materials have been prospected from the potential application technologies to provide references for its synthesis and efficient utilization.

关键词： calcium ferrite mineral functional materials preparation application perspectives

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Highly conductive and stable iodine doped argyrodite electrolyte for all-solid-state lithium batteries

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Journal of energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 50-58页

作者： Gaozhan liu Jing Zhang Jing Yang Jinghui Chen Xingyue Xiao Xiayin Yao Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Lithium argyrodites with high ionic conductivity and low cost are considered as one of the most prospective solid electrolytes for all-solid-state lithium ***,the poor chemical stability and compatibility with lithium metal limit their ***,Li5.4PS4.4Cl1.4I0.2solid electrolyte with high ionic conductivity of 11.49 m S cm-1and improved chemical stability is synthesized by iodine *** ultra-thin Li5.4PS4.4Cl1.4I0.2membrane with thickness of 10μm can be obtained by wet coating process,exhibiting a high ionic conductivity of 2.09 mS cm-1and low areal resistance of 1.17Ω***,iodine doping could in-situ form LiI at the lithium/electrolyte interface and improve the critical current density of Li5.4PS4.4Cl1.6from 0.8 to 1.35 mA *** resultant LiCoO2/Li5.4PS4.4Cl1.4I0.2/Li battery shows excellent cycling stability at 1 C,with a reversible specific capacity of 110.1 mA h g-1and a retention of 80.5% after 1000 *** addition,the assembled LiCoO2/Li5.4PS4.4Cl1.4I0.2membrane/Li pouch cell delivers an initial discharge capacity of 110.4 mA h g-1and 80.5% capacity retention after 100 cycles.

关键词： Solid-State Batteries

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Conversion-type cathode materials for high energy density solid-state lithium batteries

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Journal of energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 409-425页

作者： Yuhao Ma Shihong Qing Hongyu liu Chuntao Ma Yuan Yu Chuang Yu Liping Wang School of Materials and energy University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Fiber Materials and Manufacturing Technology Zhejiang Sci-Tech University State Key Laboratory of Advanced electromagnetic engineering and Technology School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Solid-state lithium batteries （SSLBs） are regarded as an essential growth path in energy storage systems due to their excellent safety and high energy *** particular,SSLBs using conversion-type cathode materials have received widespread attention because of their high theoretical energy densities,low cost,and *** the great progress in research and development of SSLBs based on conversiontype cathodes,their practical applications still face challenges such as blocked ionic-electronic migration pathways,huge volume change,interfacial incompatibility,and expensive processing *** review focuses on the advantages and critical issues of coupling conversion-type cathodes with solid-state electrolytes （SSes）,as well as state-of-the-art progress in various promising cathodes （e.g.,FeS2,CuS,FeF3,FeF2,and S） in ***,representative research on conversion-type solid-state full cells is discussed to offer enlightenment for their practical ***,the energy density exhibited by the S cathode stands out impressively,while sulfide SSes and halide SSes have demonstrated immense potential for coupling with conversion-type ***,perspectives on conversion-type cathodes are provided at the material,interface,composite electrode,and battery levels,with a view to accelerating the development of conversion-type cathodes for high-energy–density SSLBs.

关键词： Sulfur compounds

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Liver as a new target organ in Alzheimer's disease:insight from cholesterol metabolism and its role in amyloid-beta clearance

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 695-714页

作者： Beibei Wu Yuqing liu Hongli Li Lemei Zhu Lingfeng Zeng Zhen Zhang Weijun Peng Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese&Western Medicine The Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina Academician Workstation Changsha Medical UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina Yangsheng College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese MedicineGuiyangGuizhou ProvinceChina Qinhuangdao Shanhaiguan Pharmaceutical Co. LtdQinhuangdaoHebei ProvinceChina National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorder The Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina

Alzheimer's disease,the primary cause of dementia,is characterized by neuropathologies,such as amyloid plaques,synaptic and neuronal degeneration,and neurofibrillary *** amyloid plaques are the primary characteristic of Alzheimer's disease in the central nervous system and peripheral organs,targeting amyloid-beta clearance in the central nervous system has shown limited clinical efficacy in Alzheimer's disease *** abnormalities are commonly observed in patients with Alzheimer's *** liver is the primary peripheral organ involved in amyloid-beta metabolism,playing a crucial role in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's ***,impaired cholesterol metabolism in the liver may exacerbate the development of Alzheimer's *** this review,we explore the underlying causes of Alzheimer's disease and elucidate the role of the liver in amyloid-beta clearance and cholesterol ***,we propose that restoring normal cholesterol metabolism in the liver could represent a promising therapeutic strategy for addressing Alzheimer's disease.

关键词： ABCA1 Alzheimer's disease amyloid-beta apolipoprotein e cholesterol metabolism liver liver X receptor low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 peripheral clearance tauroursodeoxycholic acid

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efficient large-area flexible organic photovoltaic modules on transparent thin silver electrodes

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Cong Xie Zedong Xiong Xinlu liu Wen Wang Yang liu Xueshi Jiang Xin Lu Lulu Sun Yinhua Zhou Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and Technology Kunming Institute of Physics

Large-area flexible organic photovoltaic（OPV） modules are challenging to achieve high power conversion efficiency（PCe）.electrical shunts or shortages generally occur in large-area OPV modules due to the ultrathin（100–200 nm） and soft active layers. Improving the surface smoothness of bottom transparent electrode will be able to suppress the shunts and shortages. In this work, we report a method to fabricate smooth and flexible transparent electrodes based on thin silver film, and further to fabricate efficient large-area flexible OPV modules. The fabricated thin silver transparent electrodes simultaneously have high conductivity, high optical transmittance, good mechanical flexibility and low surface roughness. Humidity exposure（h.e.）treatment on MoO3effectively facilitates the continuous growth of the thin transparent silver electrode. 6 nm silver film on MoO3（h.e.） on plastic substrate shows a transmittance up to 89%, a sheet resistance of 15 Ω/sq, and a low surface roughness with a rootmean-square value of 0.276 nm. Furthermore, 52-cm2flexible organic solar modules（15 subcells） showed a certified PCe of12.66%. Furthermore, a 1350 cm2flexible component assembled by 25 pieces of 52–55 cm2modules showed certified PCe of12.10% with an open-circuit voltage of 62.85 V.

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Statistical characteristics and classification of ionospheric mid-latitude trough as revealed by the observations of DMSP-F18

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earth and Planetary Physics 2025年第1期9卷 137-147页

作者： Yi liu JiuHou Lei FuQing Huang Su Zhou School of earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of Science Guiyang UniversityGuiyang 550005China

Statistical characteristics and the classification of the topside ionospheric mid-latitude trough are systemically analyzed,using observations from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program F18(DMSP-F18)*** data was obtained at an altitude of around 860 km in near polar orbit,throughout *** study identified the auroral boundary based on the in-situ electron density and electron spectrum,allowing us to precisely determine the location of the mid-latitude *** differs from most previous works,which only use Total electron Content(TeC)or in-situ electron *** our study,the troughs exhibited a higher occurrence rate in local winter than in summer,and extended to lower latitudes with increasing geomagnetic *** was found that the ionospheric mid-latitude trough,which is associated with temperature changes or enhanced ion drift,exhibited distinct ***,the ionospheric mid-latitude troughs related to electron temperature(Te)peak were located more equatorward of auroral oval boundary in winter than in *** ionospheric mid-latitude troughs related to Te-maximum were less frequently observed at 60−70°S magnetic latitude and 90−240°e ***,the troughs related to ion temperature(Ti)maximums were observed at relatively higher latitudes,occurring more frequently in *** addition,the troughs related to ion velocity(Vi)maximums could be observed in all *** troughs with the maximum-Ti and maximum-Vi were located closer to the equatorward boundary of the auroral oval at the nightside,and in both *** implies that enhanced ion drift velocity contributes to increased collisional frictional heating and enhanced ion temperatures,resulting in a density depletion within the trough region.

关键词： topside ionosphere mid-latitude trough ionospheric main trough auroral oval boundary temperature maximum

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Harnessing the Streptomyces-originating type I-e CRISPR/Cas system for efficient genome editing in Streptomyces

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年

作者： Yuhui Xie Xiaoyan liu Tingting Wu Yunzi Luo Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of education) School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin University Department of Gastroenterology State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan University Georgia Tech Shenzhen Institute Tianjin University Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations

Since their discovery,CRISPR/Cas systems have significantly expanded the genetic toolbox,aiding in the exploration and enhanced production of natural products across various *** these,class 2 CRISPR/Cas systems are simpler and more broadly used,but they frequently fail to function effectively in many Streptomyces *** this study,we present an engineered class 1 type I CRISPR/Cas system derived from Streptomyces avermitilis,which enables efficient gene editing in phylogenetically distant Streptomyces *** a plasmid interference assay,we identified the effective protospacer adjacent motif as 5′-AAN-3′.Utilizing this system,we achieved targeted chromosomal deletions ranging from 8 bp to 100 kb,with efficiencies exceeding 92%.We further utilized this system to insert DNA fragments into different Streptomyces genomes,facilitating the heterologous expression of exogenous genes and the activation of endogenous natural product biosynthetic gene ***,we established a type I CRISPR/Cas-based gene-editing methodology that significantly advances the exploration of Streptomyces,known for their rich natural product *** is the first report of a gene editing tool developed based on the endogenous class 1 type I CRISPR/Cas system in Streptomyces *** work enriches the Streptomyces gene manipulation toolbox and advances the discovery of valuable natural products within these organisms.

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effects of mesoscale gravity waves on sporadic e simulated by a one-dimensional dynamic model

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earth and Planetary Physics 2025年第1期9卷 1-9页

作者： Xu Zhou ZeZhong Li XinAn Yue LiBo liu Key Laboratory of earth and Planetary Physics/Heilongjiang Mohe National Geophysical Observatory/Beijing National Observatory of Space environment Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100029China College of earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China CAS Center for excellence in Comparative Planetology/CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace environment/Mengcheng National Geophysical Observatory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

In addition to being driven by tidal winds,the sporadic e(es)layers are modulated by gravity waves(GWs),although the effects are not yet comprehensively *** this article,we discuss the effects of mesoscale GWs on the es layers determined by using a newly developed model,MISe-1D(one-dimensional Model of Ionospheric Sporadic e),with low numerical dissipation and high *** by the wind fields resolved by the high-resolution version of the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model with thermosphere and ionosphere extension(WACCM-X),the MISe-1D simulation revealed that GWs significantly influence the evolution of the es layer above 100 km but have a very limited effect at lower *** effects of GWs are diverse and complex,generally including the generation of fluctuating wavelike structures on the es layer with frequencies similar to those of the *** mesoscale GWs can also cause increases in the density of es layers,or they can disperse or diffuse the es layers and increase their *** addition,the presence of GWs is a key factor in sustaining the es layers in some cases.

关键词： sporadic e ion tidal layer gravity waves numerical simulation

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