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Ice-templated porous tungsten and tungsten carbide inspired by natural wood

Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第10期42卷 187-197页

作者： Yuan Zhang Guoqi Tan Da Jiao Jian Zhang Shaogang Wang Feng Liu Zengqian Liu longchao zhuo Zhefeng Zhang Sylvain Deville Robert O.Ritchie Laboratory of Fatigue and Fracture for Materials Institute of Metal Research.Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China School of Mechanical Engineering Liaoning Shihua UniversityFushun 113001China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi'an University of TechnologyXi'an710048China Laboratoire De Synthese Et Fonctionnalisation Des Ceramiques UMR3080 CNRS/Saint-Gobain CREESaint-Gobain Research ProvenceCavaillon 84306France Department ofMateriab Science and Engineering University of California BerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720USA

The structures of tungsten and tungsten carbide scaffolds play a key role in determining the properties of their infiltrated composites for multifunctional ***,it is challenging to construct and control the architectures by means of self-assembly in W/WC systems because of their large *** we present the development of unidirectionally porous architectures,with high porosities exceeding 65 vol.%,for W and WC scaffolds which in many respects reproduce the design motif of natural wood using a direct ice-templating *** was achieved by adjusting the viscosities of suspensions to retard sedimentation during *** processing,structural characteristics and mechanical properties of the resulting scaffolds were investigated with the correlations between them *** relationships were established to describe their strengths based on the mechanics of cellular solids by taking into account both inter-and intra-lamellar *** fracture mechanisms were also identified,especially in light of the *** study extends the effectiveness of the ice-templating technique for systems with large densities or particle *** further provides preforms for developing new natureinspired multifunctional materials,as represented by W/WC-Cu composites.

关键词： Ice-templating Tungsten Scaffolds Fracture mechanisms Bioinspired materials

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Bioinspired tungsten-copper composites with Bouligand-type architectures mimicking fish scales

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第1期96卷 21-30页

作者： Yuan Zhang Guoqi Tan Mingyang Zhang Qin Yu Zengqian Liu Yanyan Liu Jian Zhang Da Jiao Faheng Wang longchao zhuo Zhefeng Zhang Robert O.Ritchie Shi-Changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California BerkeleyBerkeleyCA94720USA Jihua Laboratory Foshan 528200China School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi’an University of TechnologyXi’an 710048China

The microscopic Bouligand-type architectures of fish scales demonstrate a notable efficiency in enhancing the damage tolerance of materials;nevertheless,it is challenging to reproduce in *** bioinspired tungsten-copper composites with different Bouligand-type architectures mimicking fish scales were fabricated by infiltrating a copper melt into woven contextures of tungsten *** composites exhibit a synergetic enhancement in both strength and ductility at room temperature along with an improved resistance to high-temperature *** strengths were interpreted by adapting the classical laminate theory to incorporate the characteristics of Bouligand-type *** particular,under load the tungsten fibers can reorient adaptively within the copper matrix by their straightening,stretching,interfacial sliding with the matrix,and the cooperative kinking deformation of fiber grids,representing a successful implementation of the optimizing mechanisms of the Bouligand-type architectures to enhance strength and *** study may serve to promote the development of new high-performance tungsten-copper composites for applications,e.g.,as electrical contacts or heat sinks,and offer a viable approach for constructing bioinspired architectures in metallic materials.

关键词： Bouligand structure Tungsten-copper composites Fish scales Structural reorientation Bioinspired designs

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Wear-resistant Ag-MAX phase 3D interpenetrating-phase composites:Processing,structure,and properties

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Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 806-819页

作者： Yu Guo Xi Xie Zengqian Liu longchao zhuo Jian Zhang Shaogang Wang Qiqiang Duan Qing Jia Dake Xu Weihai Xue Deli Duan Filippo Berto Zhefeng Zhang Rui Yang Shi-Changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi’an University of TechnologyXi’an 710048China Electrobiomaterials Institute Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials(Ministry of Education)Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Department of Chemical Engineering Materials and EnvironmentSapienza University of RomeRoma 00185Italy

Electrical contact materials are generally Ag-or Cu-based composites and play a critical role in ensuring the reliability and efficiency of electrical equipments and electronic *** MAX(M is an early transition metal,A is an element from III or IV main groups,and X is carbon or/and nitrogen)phase ceramics display a unique combination of properties and may serve as an ideal reinforcement phase for electrical contact *** biological materials evolved in nature generally exhibit three-dimensional(3D)interpenetrating-phase architectures,which may offer useful inspiration for the architectural design of electrical contact ***,a series of bi-continuous Ag-Ti_(3)SiC_(2) MAX phase composites with high ceramic contents exceeding 50 vol.%and having micron-and ultrafine-scaled 3D interpenetrating-phase architectures,wherein both constituents were continuous and mutually interspersed,were exploited by pressureless infiltration of Ag melt into partially sintered Ti_(3)SiC_(2) *** mechanical and electrical properties as well as the friction and wear performance of the composites were investigated and revealed to be closely dependent on the ceramic contents and characteristic structural *** composites exhibited a good combination of properties with high hardness over 2.3 GPa,high flexural strength exceeding 530 MPa,decent fracture toughness over 10 MPa·m^(1/2),and good wear resistance with low wear rate at an order of 10^(-5)mm^(3)/(N·m),which were much superior compared to the counterparts made by powder metallurgy *** particular,the hardness,electrical conductivity,strength,and fracture toughness of the composites demonstrated a simultaneous improvement as the structure was refined from micron-to ultrafine-scales at equivalent ceramic *** good combination of properties along with the facile processing route makes the Ag-Ti_(3)SiC_(2)3D interpenetrating-phase composites appealing for electrical contact applicatio

关键词： three-dimensional(3D)interpenetrating-phase architecture Ag-MAX(M=early transition metal A=element from III or IV main groups and X=carbon or/and nitrogen)phase composites melt infiltration electrical contact materials mechanical

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Atomic Fe-Zn dual-metal sites for high-efficiency pH-universal oxygen reduction catalysis

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Nano Research 2021年第5期14卷 1374-1381页

作者： Jie Xu Shuhua Lai Defeng Qi Min Hu Xianyun Peng Yifan Liu Wei Liu Guangzhi Hu Heng Xu Fan Li Chao Li Jia He longchao zhuo Jiaqiang Sun Yuan Qiu Shusheng Zhang Jun Luo Xijun Liu Institute for New Energy Materials&Low-Carbon Technologies and Tianjin Key Lab of Photoelectric Materials&Devices School of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin University of TechnologyTianjin300384China College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060China Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes School of Ecology and Environmental ScienceYunnan UniversityKunming650504China School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi’an University of TechnologyXi’an710048China State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion Institute of Coal ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesTaiyuan030001China College of Chemistry Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450000China

An effective electrocatalyst being highly active in all pH range for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)is crucial for energy conversion and storage ***,most of the high-efficiency ORR catalysis was reported in alkaline ***,we demonstrated the preparation of atomically dispersed Fe-Zn pairs anchored on porous N-doped carbon frameworks(Fe-Zn-SA/NC),which works efficiently as ORR catalyst in the whole pH *** achieves high half-wave potentials of 0.78,0.85 and 0.72 V in 0.1 M HClO4,0.1 M KOH and 0.1 M phosphate buffer saline(PBS)solutions,respectively,as well as respectable *** performances are even comparable to Pt/***,when assembled into a Zn-air battery,the high power density of 167.2 mWcm−2 and 120 h durability reveal the feasibility of Fe-Zn-SA/NC in real energy-related *** calculations demonstrate that the superior catalytic activity of Fe-Zn-SA/NC can be contributed to the lower energy barriers of ORR at the Fe-Zn-N6 *** work demonstrates the potential of Fe-Zn pairs as alternatives to the Pt catalysts for efficient catalytic ORR and provides new insights of dual-atom catalysts for other energy conversion related catalytic reactions.

关键词： Fe-Zn atomic pairs oxygen reduction reaction pH-universal Zn-air battery electrocatalysis

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电子工程增材制造研究现状及进展

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电子元件与材料 2023年第3期42卷 253-265页

作者：卓龙超尹恩怀西安理工大学材料科学与工程学院陕西西安710048 中国电子科技集团公司第二十研究所陕西西安710068

随着5G技术、可穿戴电子、物联网、智慧城市、工业网络化等的高速发展,智能化、轻薄化、小型化、高频、高精密度的电子产品市场需求越来越大。长期以来,传统电子制造行业普遍存在工序繁琐、交付周期长、供应链弹性低、污染严重等问题,... 详细信息

随着5G技术、可穿戴电子、物联网、智慧城市、工业网络化等的高速发展,智能化、轻薄化、小型化、高频、高精密度的电子产品市场需求越来越大。长期以来,传统电子制造行业普遍存在工序繁琐、交付周期长、供应链弹性低、污染严重等问题,且随着集成电路频率的增加,传统金丝/带键合技术在连接时产生诸多电性能弊端。随着工业4.0的兴起和增材制造产业的迅速发展,符合低碳经济发展战略的电子工程增材制造因诸多优势受到学术界与工业界高度关注,促使相关产业链发展方兴未艾。从电子工程增材制造领域的产生背景及意义、打印技术、打印材料和最新典型应用四个方面对电子工程增材制造的研究现状及进展进行了综述,并对其未来发展面临的若干挑战作出了展望。

关键词：电子工程增材制造综述气溶胶喷射超精密沉积激光直写颗粒型墨水

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喷砂和退火对DD483合金表面再结晶的影响

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稀有金属材料与工程 2022年第1期51卷 106-112页

作者：邹军涛宋大拙雷艺卓龙超商昭杨功显张琼元巩秀芳西安理工大学导电材料与复合技术教育部工程研究中心陕西西安710048 东方汽轮机股份有限公司长寿命高温材料国家重点实验室四川德阳618000

研究了DD483合金在服役温度附近经喷砂处理和退火后的组织演变和表面再结晶行为。将DD483合金试样在0.4~0.7 MPa的压力范围内进行喷砂处理,再于1100℃退火4和16 h。结果表明,在预定的爆破压力范围内,喷砂能有效地清理合金表面,并将压应... 详细信息

研究了DD483合金在服役温度附近经喷砂处理和退火后的组织演变和表面再结晶行为。将DD483合金试样在0.4~0.7 MPa的压力范围内进行喷砂处理,再于1100℃退火4和16 h。结果表明,在预定的爆破压力范围内,喷砂能有效地清理合金表面,并将压应力引入表面。喷砂样品退火4和16 h后,Ti和Al元素析出到表面并转化为氧化物,退火后亚表层出现胞状再结晶结构。拓扑密堆积(TCP)相和Ti N分别在再结晶区和原始基体近再结晶区析出。此外,再结晶区的厚度随退火时间和实际应力的增加而增加。

关键词：镍基高温合金喷砂退火再结晶表面微观结构

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Mercury speciation, bioavailability and risk assessment on soil–rice systems from a watershed impacted by abandoned Hg mine-waste tailings

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Acta Geochimica 2019年第3期38卷 391-403页

作者： Jian Pang Jialiang Han Xuelu Fan Chan Li Xian Dong longchao Liang zhuo Chen School of Chemistry and Materials Science Guizhou Normal University College of Resource and Environmental Engineering Guizhou University

Mercury(Hg) is a global pollutant and can be accumulated in the food chain, posing exposure risks to humans. In this study, rice plants and corresponding rhizosphere soil samples were collected from a watershed of the Wawu River Basin that is heavily impacted by historic Hg mining and retorting activities. Total mercury(THg)and methylmercury(MeHg) in rice grains, as well as other tissues and soil samples, were measured. Five soil Hg fractions, as well as soil parameters, were also *** results show that the average concentrations of THg and MeHg in rice grains were 14 ± 7.0 lg kg^(-1) and7.2 ± 4.0 lg kg^(-1). Soil organic-bound(Hg-o) and strong complex-bound(Hg-s) were the main Hg fractions,accounting for 44% of the total. To estimate the Hg–ligand interaction in the soils, soil-N/Hg(R = 0.451, p \ 0.05),-S/Hg(R = 0.372, p \ 0.1), and-OM/Hg ratio(R = 0.320,p \ 0.5) with MeHg_(soil) were observed with significant positive correlations, indicating that the formation of Hg–OM, Hg–N–OM or Hg–S–OM complexes could prevent Hg(II) from methylation in soils. The significant positive correlations of the-N/Hg ratio,-S/Hg ratio and-OM/Hg ratio with MeHg in rice tissues suggested that Hg methylation and MeHg demethylation occurred throughout the rice paddy ecosystem. The estimated MeHg daily intake(EDI) was 0.075 ± 0.041 lg kg^(-1) bw d^(-1) and was lower than the RfD level of 0.1 lg kg^(-1) bw d^(-1) recommended by the US EPA. However, approximately 29% of the hazardous index(HI) of MeHg in grain exceeded 1, posing a potential threat to local populations, particularly pregnant women and children.

关键词： Mercury and methylmercury Rice Mercury speciation and bioavailability Paddy soil Risk assessment

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Chemical characterization and sources of PM2.5 at 12-h resolution in Guiyang, China

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Acta Geochimica 2018年第2期37卷 334-345页

作者： longchao Liang Na Liu Matthew S. Landis Xiaohang Xu Xinbin Feng zhuo Chen Lihai Shang Guangle Qiu Guizhou University Guiyang 550025 China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang 550081 China Guizhou Normal University Guiyang 550001 China U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development Research Triangle Park Durham NC 27709 USA

The increasing emission of primary and gaseous precursors of secondarily formed atmospheric particulate matter due to continuing industrial development and urbanization are leading to an increased public awareness of environmental issues and human health risks in China. As part of a pilot study, 12-h integrated fine fraction particulate matter （PM2.5） filter samples were collected to chemically characterize and investigate the sources of ambient particulate matter in Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, southwestern China. Results showed that the 12-h integrated PM2.5 concentrations exhibited a daytime average of 51 ± 22 μg m^-3 （mean -4- standard deviation） with a range of 17-128 μg m^-3 and a nighttime average of 55 ± 32 μg m^-3 with a range of 4-186 μg m^-3. The 24-h integrated PM2.5 concentrations varied from 15 to 157 μg m^-3, with amean value of 53 ± 25 μg m^-3, which exceeded the 24-h PM2.5 standard of 35μg m^-3 set by USEPA, but was below the standard of 75 μg m^-3, set by China Ministry of Environmental Protection. Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry （XRF） was applied to determine PM2.5 chemical element concentrations. The order of concentrations of heavy metals in PM2.5 were iron （Fe）〉 zinc （Zn）〉 manganese （Mn）〉 lead （Pb）〉 arsenic （As）〉 chromium （Cr）. The total concentration of 18 chemical elements was 13 ± 2 μg m^-3, accounting for 25% in PM2.5, which is comparable to other major cities in China, but much higher than cities outside of China.

关键词： Trace elements PM2.5 Source apportionment

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4种牧草植物对红枫湖底泥中重金属污染的植物修复研究

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环境工程 2015年第7期33卷 148-151页

作者：谷超梁隆超陈卓贵州师范大学化学与材料科学学院贵阳550001

为研究牧草对红枫湖底泥中复合重金属的修复潜力,采用盆栽试验考察了4种牧草植物对红枫湖底泥中Zn、Cu、Pb、Cd的吸收能力和底泥修复效率的差异。结果表明:种植4种牧草植物后,底泥中重金属Zn、Cu、Pb、Cd含量均有所降低。高羊茅对Zn的... 详细信息

为研究牧草对红枫湖底泥中复合重金属的修复潜力,采用盆栽试验考察了4种牧草植物对红枫湖底泥中Zn、Cu、Pb、Cd的吸收能力和底泥修复效率的差异。结果表明:种植4种牧草植物后,底泥中重金属Zn、Cu、Pb、Cd含量均有所降低。高羊茅对Zn的吸收能力较强,且主要积累在地上部分;黑麦草对Cu和Pb的吸收能力较强,且主要积累在根系;4种植物对Cd的吸收能力相差不大,除菊苣的Cd主要积累在地上部分外,其余植物都积累在根系。黑麦草对底泥中Cu、Pb和Cd的修复效率高于其他3种植物,分别为38.69%、17.12%和31.68%;高羊茅对底泥中Zn的修复效率相对较高,为55.03%,且其Zn的转移系数大于1,反映出其对红枫湖底泥中Zn具有植物提取的潜力。

关键词：植物修复重金属底泥

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贵阳市城区大气颗粒物PM_(2.5)的污染特征与季节变化规律

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地球与环境 2015年第3期43卷 290-295页

作者：梁隆超仇广乐陈卓贵州师范大学化学与材料科学学院贵阳550001 中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室贵阳550002 贵阳市大气细粒子和大气污染化学重点实验室贵阳550001

于2013年6月至2014年5月在贵阳市城区设置采样点,利用国产武汉天虹智能采样器连续一年采集大气颗粒物（Pm2.5）样品共357个,采用HOBO U30气象仪同步记录气象数据。气象数据分析表明贵阳市春、秋和冬季均为东北风,夏季多南风且风速较大,... 详细信息

于2013年6月至2014年5月在贵阳市城区设置采样点,利用国产武汉天虹智能采样器连续一年采集大气颗粒物（Pm2.5）样品共357个,采用HOBO U30气象仪同步记录气象数据。气象数据分析表明贵阳市春、秋和冬季均为东北风,夏季多南风且风速较大,全年以东北风为主。结合气象数据分析了贵阳市市区Pm2.5污染特征并初步讨论其来源。结果表明：Pm2.5日浓度范围为4-193μg/m^3,平均值为70±33μg/m^3,日超标率为46%。以季节来看,夏季Pm2.5浓度最低,冬季最高,秋、春季次之。Pm2.5主要来源于工业排放与燃煤污染。与国内其它城市研究相比,处于轻度污染水平。

关键词： PM2.5 污染特征与季节变化气象因素贵阳市

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