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Production of Biochar for Soil Application:A Comparative Study of Three Kiln Models

Pedosphere 2015年第5期25卷 696-702页

作者： Shamim mia.Nijam UDDIN Shaikh Abdullah Al MAMUN HOSSAIN Ruhul AMIN Fatima Z.METE Tjisse HIEMSTRA Department of Agronomy Patuakhali Science and Technology University Department of Agricultural Chemistry Patuakhali Science and Technology University Department of Agricultural Engineering Patuakhali Science and Technology University Globe Soft Drinks Ltd. Department of Soil Quality Wageningen University

Biochar has potentials for soil fertility improvement, climate change mitigation and environmental reclamation, and charred biomass can be deliberately incorporated into soil for long-term carbon stabilization and soil amendment. Many different methods have been used for biochar production ranging from laboratory to industrial scales. However, in countryside of developing countries, biomass is generally used for cooking but not charred. Biochar production techniques at farmer scale have remained poorly developed. We developed and tested biochar production kilns for farmers with a dimension of 50.8 cm × 38.1 cm （height × diameter）, using three different setups for optimizing oxygen （02） limitation and syngas circulation： airtight with no syngas circulation （Model I）, semi-airtight with external syngas circulation （Model II） and semi-airtight with internal syngas circulation （Model III）. A comparative assessment of these biochar production kiln models was made considering biochar pyrolysis time, fuel to biomass ratio, biochar to feedstock ratio and thermogravimetric index （TGI）. Among the models, the best quality biochar （TGI ---- 0.15） was obtained from Model I kiln taking the longest time for pyrolysis （12.5 h） and the highest amount of fuel wood （1.22 kg kg-1 biomass）. Model III kiln produced comparatively good quality biochar （TGI = 0.11）, but with less fuel wood requirement （0.33 kg kg-1 biomass） and shorter pyrolysis time （8.5 h）. We also tested Model III kiln in a three times larger size under two situations （steel kiln and pit kiln）. The biochar to feedstock ratio （0.38） and quality （TGI =0.14） increased slightly for the larger kilns. Quality of biochar was found to be mainly related to pyrolysis time. The costs for the biochar stove and pit kiln were US$ 65-77, while it was US$ 154 for the large size steel kiln. Model III kiln can potentially be used for both cooking and biochar production at farmer scale.

关键词： biomass farmer scale feedstock fuel wood requirement O2 limitation pyrolysis time syngas circulation thermogravi- metric index

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OptiCoat Duo Jet涂布头

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中华纸业 2004年第12期25卷 29-30页

作者： mia.Julin

借助OptiCoatDuoJet涂布头的第三道涂布,可使液体包装纸板的质量能够满足光电苯胺凸版印刷法这一新型印刷方法的要求,并可生产新产品手提纸盒纸板。

关键词：涂布纸板凸版印刷印刷方法新产品纸盒产新生产质量苯胺

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Noninvasive markers of liver steatosis and fibrosis after liver transplantation-Where do we stand?

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World Journal of Transplantation 2021年第3期11卷 37-53页

作者： Ivana Mikolasevic Sanja Stojsavljevic Filip Blazic Maja Mijic Delfa Radic-Kristo Toni Juric Nadija Skenderevic mia.Klapan Andjela Lukic Tajana Filipec Kanizaj Department of Gastroenterology Clinical Hospital Centre RijekaRijekaCroatiaDepartment of GastroenterologyClinical hospital MerkurZagrebCroatiaFaculty of MedicineUniversity of RijekaRijekaCroatia Department of Gastroenterology University Hospital Center“Sestre Milosrdnice”Zagreb 10000Croatia Department of Gastroenterology University Hospital Center RijekaRijeka 51000Croatia Department of Gastroenterology University Hospital MerkurZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Hematology University Hospital MerkurZagrebCroatiaFaculty of MedicineUniversity of ZagrebZagrebCroatia School of Medicine School of MedicineRijeka 51000Croatia Department of Gastroenterology University Hospital MerkurZagrebCroatiaFaculty of MedicineUniversity of ZagrebZagrebCroatia

In the last two decades,advances in immunosuppressive regimens have led to fewer complications of acute rejection crisis and consequently improved shortterm graft and patient *** parallel with this great success,long-term posttransplantation complications have become a focus of interest of doctors engaged in transplant *** syndrome(MetS)and its individual components,namely,obesity,dyslipidemia.diabetes,and hypertension,often develop in the post-transplant setting and are associated with immunosuppressive *** fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is closely related to MetS and its individual components and is the liver manifestation of ***,it is not surprising that MetS and its individual components are associated with recurrent or“de novo”NAFLD after liver transplantation(LT).Fibrosis of the graft is one of the main determinants of overall morbidity and mortality in the post-LT *** the assessment of post-LT steatosis and fibrosis,we have biochemical markers,imaging methods and liver *** of the significant economic burden of post-LT steatosis and fibrosis and its potential consequences,there is an unmet need for noninvasive methods that are efficient and *** scores can overestimate fibrosis and are not a good method for fibrosis evaluation in liver transplant recipients due to frequent post-LT *** elastography with controlled attenuation parameter is a promising noninvasive method for steatosis and *** this review,we will specifically focus on the evaluation of steatosis and fibrosis in the post-LT setting in the context of de novo or recurrent NAFLD.

关键词： Steatosis Fibrosis Noninvasive methods Transient elastography Transplantation Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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Discovery of novel KRAS-PDEδ inhibitors with potent activity in patient-derived human pancreatic tumor xenograft models

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2022年第1期12卷 274-290页

作者： long Chen Jing Zhang Xinjing Wang Yu Li Lu Zhou Xiongxiong Lu Guoqiang Dong Chunquan Sheng School of Pharmacy Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Pathology Changzheng HospitalSecond Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200003China Department of General Surgery Pancreatic Disease CenterRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200025China Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China Department of Medicinal Chemistry School of PharmacyFudan UniversityShanghai 201203China

KRAS-PDEδ interaction is revealed as a promising target for suppressing the function of mutant KRAS. The bottleneck in clinical development of PDEδ inhibitors is the poor antitumor activity of known chemotypes. Here, we identified novel spiro-cyclic PDEδ inhibitors with potent antitumor activity both in vitro and in vivo. In particular, compound 36 l(KD= 127 ± 16 nmol/L) effectively bound to PDEδ and interfered with KRAS-PDEδ interaction. It influenced the distribution of KRAS in mia.PaCa-2 cells, downregulated the phosphorylation of t-ERK and t-AKT and promoted apoptosis of the cells. The novel inhibitor 36 l exhibited significant in vivo antitumor potency in pancreatic cancer patient-derived xenograft(PDX) models. It represents a promising lead compound for investigating the druggability of KRAS-PDEδ interaction.

关键词： KRAS-PDEδinteraction PDX Spiro-cyclic inhibitors Lead optimization SBDD Anti-pancreatic cancer activity

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缺铁性贫血与结直肠癌发病风险的孟德尔随机化研究

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广东医学 2024年第3期45卷 301-305页

作者：宿茂伟钟隆柱胡佳吴宏适广州市荔湾中心医院普外科广东广州510145 中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院内分泌科广东广州510120

目的应用孟德尔随机化方法探究缺铁性贫血与结直肠癌发病风险之间的因果关系。方法利用UKB数据库中缺铁性贫血和结直肠癌数据,将随机效应逆方差加权(IVW)方法作为主要分析工具,同时采用加权中位数(WM)和MR-Egger回归作为补充分析方法。C... 详细信息

目的应用孟德尔随机化方法探究缺铁性贫血与结直肠癌发病风险之间的因果关系。方法利用UKB数据库中缺铁性贫血和结直肠癌数据,将随机效应逆方差加权(IVW)方法作为主要分析工具,同时采用加权中位数(WM)和MR-Egger回归作为补充分析方法。Cochran Q检验和MR-Egger回归结局用于敏感度分析以确保结果的可靠性。结果IVW分析结果表明,缺铁性贫血与结直肠癌之间存在因果关系(OR=1.284,95%CI:1.037~1.591,P=0.022)。根据敏感度分析进一步证实了分析结果的一致性和可靠性。结论缺铁性贫血与结直肠癌之间存在因果关系,为进一步深入研究缺铁性贫血和结直肠癌发生、发展的关系打下基础。

关键词：缺铁性贫血结直肠癌孟德尔随机化

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基于Notch通路探讨柔肝通络汤干预脑缺血再灌注大鼠的神经修复机制

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时珍国医国药 2024年第8期35卷 1793-1798页

作者：龙华君张珊珊李映辰胡国恒柏正平伍大华湖南中医药大学湖南长沙410208 湖南省中西医结合医院/湖南省中医药研究院附属医院湖南长沙410006 湖南中医药大学第一附属医院湖南长沙410007

目的研究柔肝通络汤对脑缺血再灌注大鼠海马区Notch信号通路不同时间点相关蛋白表达的影响,探讨柔肝通络汤治疗缺血性脑卒中分子调节机制。方法雄性健康SD大鼠164只,根据体重随机分为空白对照组、假手术组、模型组、柔肝通络汤组(柔肝组... 详细信息

目的研究柔肝通络汤对脑缺血再灌注大鼠海马区Notch信号通路不同时间点相关蛋白表达的影响,探讨柔肝通络汤治疗缺血性脑卒中分子调节机制。方法雄性健康SD大鼠164只,根据体重随机分为空白对照组、假手术组、模型组、柔肝通络汤组(柔肝组)。除空白对照组外,其他组采用线栓法制备大鼠局灶型缺血再灌注模型(MCAO)(假手术组不形成梗阻灶)。除柔肝组用柔肝通络汤外余三组均蒸馏水灌胃(1.4g/100g)。每组根据缺血2h再灌注后5个时间点6h、1d、3d、7d、14d按每组6只大鼠分为5个亚组。按照5个时间点进行神经功能缺损评分,取脑组织行TTC染色评估缺血脑损伤面积,予免疫组化(SP法)检测不同时间点Notch1、Hes5、Mash1蛋白表达情况。结果与模型组对比,柔肝组TTC染色脑梗死面积明显低于模型组(P<0.05);与空白组和假手术组对比,术后3~14d模型组、柔肝组Notch1、Hes5、Mash1蛋白表达均上升(P<0.05);与模型组对比:术后3~14d柔肝组神经缺损评分明显下降(P<0.05),术后3~14d柔肝组Notch1、Hes5蛋白表达较模型组增加(P<0.05),两蛋白表达均于术后7d达最高值后逐渐下降;术后3~14d柔肝组Mash1蛋白表达较模型组减少(P<0.05),Mash1蛋白在3d表达增加,表达在7d显著下降,表达于第14天达最高值。结论柔肝通络汤可以通过激活Notch信号通路改善缺血后脑梗死面积和神经功能障碍,在脑缺血损伤早期上调Notch1、Hes5的表达,下调Mash1的表达,干预神经干细胞的细胞周期,发挥神经修复、细胞再生作用。

关键词：缺血性脑卒中 Notch信号通路柔肝通络汤神经干细胞

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Terrestrial records of the early Albian Ocean Anoxic Event:Evidence from the Fuxin lacustrine basin,NE China

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第1期13卷 138-157页

作者： Xiao-Tao Xu long-Yi Shao Kenneth A.Eriksson Bo Pang Shuai Wang Cheng-Xue Yang Hai-Hai Hou College of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)Beijing 100083China Shandong Key Laboratory of Depositional Mineralization&Sedimentary Mineral Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China Department of Geosciences Virginia TechBlacksburgVA 24061USA Liaoning Province Geology and Minerals Group Energy Geology Co. Ltd.Shenyang 110000China Institute of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China College of Mining Liaoning Technical UniversityFuxin 123000China

The early Albian Oceanic Anoxic Event 1 b(OAE 1 b) is well documented in the Tethys, Pacific and North Atlantic, but few studies have evaluated whether or not terrestrial records of OAE 1 b exist. In order to identify terrestrial records of the early Albian OAE 1 b and to infer possible driving mechanisms, an integrated multi-proxy study from the late Aptian to Albian in the Fuxin lacustrine basin was conducted,including thick, organic-rich black mudstones, total organic carbon(TOC), organic carbon isotopes(d13 Corg), mercury concentration(Hg) and results from pyrolysis analyses(S2, Tmaxand HI). Results show three distinct short-term negative d13 Corgexcursions corresponding with relatively high TOC values,which could be counterparts of the Kilian, Paquier and Leenhardt sub-events of the early Albian OAE1 b. Atmospheric CO2 concentration(p CO2) recovered from C3 plant d13 Corgcompositions indicates an increasing trend in Unit C during the early Albian, and there are three short-term increases of p CO2 corresponding to the three sub-events of OAE 1 b at this time interval. We infer that a trend of increasing p CO2 during the Kilian sub-event in the study area is closely related to volcanism. Continental weathering calculated using chemical weathering indices(CIA, WIP and mia.O)) show an increasing trend during the OAE 1 b interval, likely resulting from warmer and more humid conditions. Mixed sources of terrestrial plants and lacustrine plankton demonstrated by pyrolysis analyses(HI vs. Tmaxand S2 vs. TOC), indicate a terrestrial contribution to the organic-rich sediments of the Kilian, Paquier and Leenhardt sub-events of OAE 1 b. We suggest that a CO2-forced greenhouse effect during the early Albian might have triggered the relatively warm and humid palaeoclimatic conditions, and intensified chemical weathering that combined to create high nutrient and organic matter levels that were flushed into lakes contributing to eutrophication and anoxia in lacustrine and in c

关键词： Fuxin Basin Early Albian Organic carbon isotopes Ocean Anoxic Event 1b Terrestrial records

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Continental chemical weathering during the Early Cretaceous Oceanic Anoxic Event(OAE1b): a case study from the Fuxin fluvio-lacustrine basin, Liaoning Province,NE China

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2020年第2期9卷 246-266页

作者： Xiao-Tao Xu long-Yi Shao Bo Lan Shuai Wang Jason Hilton Jian-Yi Qin Hai-Hai Hou Jie Zhao College of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)Beijing 100083China Shandong Key Laboratory of Depositional Mineralization&Sedimentary Mineral Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China Northeast China Coalfield Geology Bureau 107 Exploration Team Fuxin 123000China School of Geography Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK College of Mining Liaoning Technical UniversityFuxin 123000China.

This study focuses on Early Cretaceous mudstones from the Shahai and Fuxin formations in the Fuxin continental basin. We analyse chemical weathering, land surface temperatures and palaeoclimates based on chemical weathering indices, and emphasize the implications of continental chemical weathering on nutrient fluxes into lakes and *** to Cr and Ni abundance, Al2O3-TiO2, La/Sc-Th/Co and V-Ni-Th×10 plots, as well as rare earth element(REE)analysis, mudstone samples from the Shahai and Fuxin formations were derived from the same type of provenance comprising mainly felsic igneous rocks. Chemical weathering trends reflected by the Chemical Index of Alteration(CIA),Weathering Index of Parker(WIP) and the Mafic Index of Alteration for Oxidative weathering environments(mia.O)) are consistent with each other and allow the geological succession to be divided into four stages. Land surface temperatures of the Shahai and Fuxin formations are estimated based on the linear relationship of CIA to temperature,and also can be divided into four stages consistent with those determined from chemical weathering trends. During Stage A(early part of the late Aptian) chemical weathering and land surface temperatures were relatively low and showed characteristic high fluctuations, while Stage B(latest Aptian) represented a transitional period where weathering rates and temperatures increased, and high amplitude fluctuations continued. Conditions changed markedly in Stage C(early Albian) with very high and stable weathering, and warm, humid climates, while in Stage D(middle and late Albian) conditions returned to low chemical weathering and land surface temperatures. These stages of chemical weathering and land surface temperature fluctuations represent responses to global climate fluctuations during the Early Cretaceous, with the early Albian high weathering intensities and warm, humid climates combining to create high nutrient levels that would have flushed through rivers int

关键词： Chemical weathering indices Land surface temperature Mudstone Greenhouse conditions Ocean Anoxic Event 1 b Black shales

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Machine learning predictive model for severe COVID-19

Machine learning predictive model for severe COVID-19

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2021海峡两岸暨港澳精准医学青年博士论坛

作者： Jianhong Kang Ting Chen Honghe Luo Yifeng Luo Guipeng Du mia.Jiming-Yang Department of Thoracic Surgery First Affiliated Hospital Sun-Yat-sen University Chengdu Medical College Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine First Affiliated Hospital Sun-Yat-sen University Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College (China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital) Medicine Campus Oberfranken University of Bayreuth

To develop a modified predictive model for severe COVID-19 in people infected with Sars-Cov-2. We developed the predictive model for severe patients of COVID-19 based on the clinical date from the Tumor Center of Union Hospital affiliated with Tongji Medical College, China. A total of 151 cases from Jan. 26 to Mar. 20, 2020, were included. Then we followed 5 steps to predict and evaluate the model: data preprocessing, data splitting, feature selection, model building, prevention of overfitting, and Evaluation, and combined with artificial neural network algorithms. We processed the results in the 5 steps. In feature selection, ALB showed a strong negative correlation(r = 0.771, P long term. This model has great significance to rationalize early clinical interventions and improve the cure rate.

关键词： Severe COVID-19 Machine learning Predictive model

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腰椎间盘突出症椎体间在体运动的观察

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中华骨科杂志 2012年第5期32卷 393-397页

作者：宁尚龙夏群苗军白剑强贺金亮刘恺马信龙天津医科大学骨科临床学院天津医院脊柱外科300211

目的研究腰椎间盘突出症患者生理载荷下椎体节段间三维运动学特点。方法L3-4间盘退变突出患者15例，年龄为（40．2±4．1）岁，为实验组；健康志愿者10名，年龄为（54．4±3．5）岁，为对照组。受试者腰椎进行薄层CT扫描，导入三维建模... 详细信息

目的研究腰椎间盘突出症患者生理载荷下椎体节段间三维运动学特点。方法L3-4间盘退变突出患者15例，年龄为（40．2±4．1）岁，为实验组；健康志愿者10名，年龄为（54．4±3．5）岁，为对照组。受试者腰椎进行薄层CT扫描，导入三维建模软件中建立椎体模型，将椎体模型与双荧光透视影像系统（dualfluoroscopic imaging system，DFIS）捕获的不同运动状态下（站立、屈伸、旋转及侧弯）的腰椎透视图像进行匹配，以重现生理载荷下腰椎椎体间三维运动状态。通过测量椎体上的三维坐标系，获得病变节段（k）和相邻节段（L3-4）椎体间在体运动学数据。结果实验组病变节段（k）在前屈、后伸时，沿冠状轴、矢状轴和垂直轴的位移与对照组无明显差别，沿冠状轴的旋转角度（3．7°±2．1°）较对照组（1．9°±1.1°）明显增加（P〈0．05）；在左右侧弯时，沿冠状轴位移运动范围[（1．7±0．8）mm]较对照组[（1．0±0．6）mm]明显增加（尸〈0．05），沿冠状轴旋转运动范围（3．4°±5．0°）较对照组（1．9°±2．1°）明显增加（R0．05）；左右旋转时，沿冠状轴位移及旋转运动范围较对照组明显增加（P〈0．05）。实验组相邻节段（L3-4）在前屈、后伸时，沿冠状轴、矢状轴及垂直轴的位移均较对照组增加，但差异无统计学意义；在左右侧弯时，沿垂直轴位移运动范围[（1．1±0．4）mm]较对照组[（0．3±0．2）mm]明显增加（P〈0．05）；在左右旋转时，沿垂直轴位移运动范围较对照组明显增大（P〈0．05）。实验组相邻节段在各体位下的旋转运动范围与对照组相比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论腰椎间盘突出症患者腰椎三维运动模式与正常人不同，表现在病变节段屈伸活动及左右位移增加、沿垂直轴旋转有减少趋势，而头侧相邻节段位移运动范围增加。

关键词：椎间盘移位腰椎活动范围,关节

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