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Males armed with big weapons win fights at limited cost in ant-mimickingjumping spiders

Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 98-108页

作者： Guocheng yu Boon Hui Wong Christina J.Painting Hongze Li long yu Zengtao Zhang Shichang Zhang Daiqin Li State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering and Centre for Behavioral Ecology and Evolution School of Life SciencesHubei UniversityWuhan430062China Departmentof Biological Sciences National University of Singapore14 Science Drive 4Singapore 117543Singapore Te Aka Matuatua School of Science University of WaikatoPrivate Bag 3105Hamilton 3240New Zealand

A core assumption of sexual selection theory is that sexually selected weapons,specialized morphological structures used directly in male con-tests,can improve an individual's reproductive success but only if the bearer can overcome associated costs,the negative effects on the bear-er's fitness components.However,recent studies have shown that producing and wielding exaggerated weapons may not necessarily be costly.Rather,some traits can be selected for supporting,or compensating for,the expense of producing and wielding such exaggerated weapons.n the ant-mimicking jumping spider Myrmarachne gisti,exaggerated chelicerae are borne only by adult males and not females,showing sexual dimorphism and steep positive allometry with body size.Here,we determine the potential benefits of bearing exaggerated chelicerae during male contests and explore the potential for costs in terms of prey-capture efficiency and compensation between chelicera size and neighboring trait size.While males with longer chelicerae won most of their male-male contests,we found no significant differences in prey-capture effi-ciency between males and females regardless of whether prey was winged or flightless.Males'elongated chelicerae thus do not impede their efficiency at capturing prey.Furthermore,we found that the sizes of all neighboring traits are positively correlated with chelicera size,suggesting that these traits may be under correlational selection.Taken together,our findings suggest that M.gisti males armed with the exaggerated chelicerae that function as weapons win more fights at limited cost for performance in prey capture and compensate for neighboring structures.

关键词： allometry ant-mimic costs elongated chelicerae threat devices trait compensations

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Seismic Response Analysis of Steel Structure Isolation System Under long-Period Seismic Motion

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Journal of Architectural Research and Development 2024年第3期8卷 147-155页

作者： long yu Mei Sheng Huan Feng Jianan Hu Chuzhou Polytechnic Chuzhou 239000Anhui ProvinceChina Hefei Urban Construction Development Co. Ltd.Hefei 230031Anhui ProvinceChina

To analyze the seismic response of steel structure isolation systems under long-period seismic motion,a 9-story steel frame building was selected as the subject.Five steel structure finite element models were established using SAP2000.Response spectrum analysis was conducted on the seismic motion to determine if it adhered to the characteristics of long-period seismic motion.Modal analysis of each structural model revealed that the isolation structure significantly prolonged the structural natural vibration period and enhanced seismic performance.Base reactions and floor displacements of various structures notably increased under long-period seismic motion compared to regular seismic activity.Placing isolation bearings in the lower part of the structure proved more effective under long-period seismic motion.In seismic design engineering,it is essential to consider the impact of long-period seismic motion on structures and the potential failure of isolation bearings.

关键词： long-period seismic motion Steel structure Mid-story isolation structure Isolation bearing Seismic performance

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Visible Light-Induced[3+2]Annulation Reaction of Alkenes with Vinyl Azides:Direct Synthesis of Functionalized Pyrroles

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第2期42卷 151-156页

作者： Ming Yang Xin-yu Wang Jie Wang yu-long Zhao Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design&Synthesis Faculty of ChemistryNortheast Normal UniversityChangchunJilin 130024China

A photocatalytic[3+2]annulation of alkenes with vinyl azides was developed under irradiation by visible light in the presence of organic dye photocatalysts.Broad substrate scope and high functional group tolerance were demonstrated by more than 50 examples.The reaction provides a novel and efficient method for the synthesis of polyfunctionalized pyrroles under very mild metal-free conditions without other additives.

关键词： Photocatalysis Vinyl azides Alkenes Pyrroles Annulation Radical reactions

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Black hole evaporation and its remnants with the generalized uncertainty principle including a linear term

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第2期76卷 125-136页

作者： Bo yu Zheng-wen long College of Physics Guizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China

In recent years,researchers have investigated the evaporation of Schwarzschild black holes using various forms of the generalized uncertainty principle(GUP),metric quantum correction,and noncommutative geometry,respectively.However,there are differences between the GUP correction and the other two methods in terms of describing the later stages of black hole evaporation.Furthermore,some studies argue that the GUP with a negative parameter cannot effectively correct black hole evaporation,while others contend that the positivity or negativity of the GUP parameters should not affect the correction results.Taking the above into consideration,we reconsider black hole evaporation with the generalized uncertainty principle including a linear term(LGUP),and examine the case of negative parameters.The results indicate that the evaporation behavior of both Schwarzschild black holes and Reissner–Nordstr?m black holes,under LGUP correction,is consistent with the results of metric quantum correction and non-commutative geometry.Additionally,the negative parameter LGUP can also effectively correct for black hole evaporation.

关键词： black hole evaporation generalized uncertainty principle negative parameter

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Generalized Inverses and Units in a Unitary Ring

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第4期40卷 1000-1014页

作者： yu Kun ZHOU Jian long CHEN School of Mathematics Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096P.R.China

Let R be a unitary ring and a,b∈R with ab=0.We find the 2/3 property of Drazin invertibility:if any two of a,b and a+b are Drazin invertible,then so is the third one.Then,we combine the 2/3 property of Drazin invertibility to characterize the existence of generalized inverses by means of units.As applications,the need for two invertible morphisms used by You and Chen to characterize the group invertibility of a sum of morphisms is reduced to that for one invertible morphism,and the existence and expression of the inverse along a product of two regular elements are obtained,which generalizes the main result of Mary and Patricio(2016)about the group inverse of a product.

关键词： Leftπ-regular element stronglyπ-regular element group inverse Drazin inverse inverse along an element

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Numerical study of the influence of the atmospheric pressure on the thermal environment in the passenger cabin

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Building Simulation 2024年第2期17卷 253-265页

作者： Xin Su yu Guo Zhengwei long Yi Cao Tianjin Key Lab.of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China Shanghai Aircraft Design and Research Institute Jinke RoadPudong DistrictShanghai201210China

The cabin air pressure remains lower than the horizontal atmospheric pressure when the airplane is in flight.Air pressure is one of the parameters that must be taken into consideration while studying the thermal environment of an airplane cabin.There are still no reference values for aircraft cabins despite the fact that numerous studies on low pressure heat transfer have demonstrated the connection between convective heat transfer coefficient(CHTC)and air pressure.In this paper,a correction method for CHTC under low pressure conditions was established by using the dummy heat dissipation in the low-pressure cabin experiment.On this basis,a thermal environment simulation model was developed,then was applied to the simulation of a seven-row aircraft cabin containing 42 passengers,and the CHTC and heat loss of dummy surface in the cabin were obtained.Finally,the results of PMV calculated by using heat dissipation and air parameters at sampling points were compared.The results show that the modified CHTC can accurately reflect the cabin thermal environment under low pressure conditions,and the correction of CHTC can be realized by adjusting the turbulent Prandtl number,which is nonlinear correlated with the pressure.The simulation results of the thermal environment in the seven-row cabin show that the CHTC changes by about 42%before and after modification.The air pressure decreases during take-off,which reduces the average CHTC of the crew surface from 5.09 W/(m^(2)·K)to 4.56 W/(m^(2)·K),but the air temperature rises by about 0.2°C as a whole.The deviation of PMV results calculated by using simulated heat loss data and using air parameters of measuring points in space is up to 0.5,but the latter is representative for calculating the thermal comfort level of the whole cabin.

关键词： low pressure aircraft cabin simulation heat dissipation convective heat transfer coefficient

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Proteomics Study of Benzene Metabolite Hydroquinone Induced Hematotoxicity in K562 Cells

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期37卷 341-353页

作者： JIN Yi Shan YI Zong Chun ZHANG yu Jing RONG long yu Chun Hong School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China School of Engineering Medicine Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

Objective Hydroquinone(HQ),one of the phenolic metabolites of benzene,is widely recognized as an important participant in benzene-induced hematotoxicity.However,there are few relevant proteomics in HQ-induced hematotoxicity and the mechanism hasn’t been fully understood yet.Methods In this study,we treated K562 cells with 40μmol/L HQ for 72 h,examined and validated protein expression changes by Label-free proteomic analysis and Parallel reaction monitoring(PRM),and performed bioinformatics analysis to identify interaction networks.Results One hundred and eighty-seven upregulated differentially expressed proteins(DEPs)and 279 downregulated DEPs were identified in HQ-exposed K562 cells,which were involved in neutrophilmediated immunity,blood microparticle,and other GO terms,as well as the lysosome,metabolic,cell cycle,and cellular senescence-related pathways.Focusing on the 23 DEGs and 5 DEPs in erythroid differentiation-related pathways,we constructed the network of protein interactions and determined 6 DEPs(STAT1,STAT3,CASP3,KIT,STAT5B,and VEGFA)as main hub proteins with the most interactions,among which STATs made a central impact and may be potential biomarkers of HQ-induced hematotoxicity.Conclusion Our work reinforced the use of proteomics and bioinformatic approaches to advance knowledge on molecular mechanisms of HQ-induced hematotoxicity at the protein level and provide a valuable basis for further clarification.

关键词： Hydroquinone Proteomics Hematotoxicity K562 cells

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Study of the multi-physics field-coupled model of the two-stage electrostatic precipitator

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Building Simulation 2024年第3期17卷 387-398页

作者： Wenjia Hao yu Guo yukun Wang Tao yu Hao Gao Zhengwei long Tianjin Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityWeijin Road 92Tianjin300072China Wuhan Second Ship Design and Research Institute WuhanChin

The two-stage electrostatic precipitator is widely used to purify oil mist particles.However,there is limited research on the influences of relative humidity,particle deposition characteristics,and the generation of gaseous pollutants.Therefore,this paper established a numerical model of the electrostatic oil mist purifier and applied it to a two-stage electrostatic precipitator.Then the model was used to investigate the corona discharge characteristics under different relative humidity conditions in the charged zone,the particle deposition characteristics,the purification efficiency,the ozone concentration distribution,and the oil vapor concentration distribution in the collection zone.The results indicate that,with a constant temperature,the corona current decreases as relative humidity increase,and there is a quadratic relationship between relative humidity and current.The variation in relative humidity has little impact on the purification efficiency.The maximum ozone concentration occurs near the electrode line,and its concentration is influenced by the discharge current and inlet airflow velocity.The oil vapor concentration reaches its maximum value at the side plates,with a value of 19 ppb,while it reaches the minimum value at the collecting zone electrode plate,with a value of 2 ppb.The temperature is the main factor affecting the volatilization of the oil film,with higher temperatures resulting in higher oil vapor.

关键词： two-stage ESPs particle deposition corona discharge oil vapor

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Less pressure contributes to gravity-driven membrane ultrafiltration with greater performance:Enhanced driving efficiency and reduced disinfection by-products formation potential

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 407-419页

作者： Xiaoting Wu yufei Li Zhaoyang Su long Tian Muhammad Saboor Siddique Wenzheng yu Colleges of Forestry Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China

Gravity-driven membrane(GDM)systems have been well developed previously;however,impacts of driving(i.e.,transmembrane)pressure on their performance received little attention,which may infuence GDM performance.In this study,we evaluated 4 GDM systems via altering the transmembrane pressure from 50 mbar to 150 mbar with 2 groups,treating surface water in Beijing,China.Results showed that less driving pressure was more favorable.Specifically,compared to groups(150 mbar),groups under a pressure of 50 mbar were found to have greater normalized permeability and lower total resistance.During the whole operation period,the quality of effuents was gradually improved.For example,the removal efficiency of UV254was significantly improved;particularly,under low driving pressure,the removal efficiency of UV254in PES GDM system increased by 11.91%,as compared to the corresponding system under high driving pressure.This observation was consistent with the reduction on disinfection by-products(DBPs)formation potential;groups under 50 mbar achieved better DBPs potential control,indicating the advantages of lower driving pressure.Biofilms were analyzed and responsible for these differences,and distinct distributions of bacteria communities of two GDM systems under 50 and 150 mbar may be responsible for various humic-like substances removal efficiency.Overall,GDM systems under less pressure should be considered and expected to provide suggestions on the design of GDM systems in real applications.

关键词： Ultrafiltration Gravity driven operation Membrane fouling Biofilms Disinfection by-products

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A novel and promising engineering application of carbon dots:Enhancing the chloride binding performance of cement

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第6期35卷 409-416页

作者： Wu-Jian long Yang yu Chuang He Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Durability for Marine Civil Engineering Key Lab of Coastal Urban Resilient InfrastructureMOECollege of Civil and Transportation EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

Corrosion of reinforcement induced by chloride invasion is extensively considered as the dominating deterioration mechanism of reinforced concrete(RC)structures,leading to serious safety hazards and tremendous economic losses.However,it still lacks well dispersive and cost-efficient nanomaterials to improve the anti-chloride-corrosion ability of RC structures.Herein,specific carbon dots(CDs)with high dispersity and low cost are deliberately designed,successfully prepared by hydrothermal processing,and then firstly applied to immensely enhance chloride binding performance of cement,thereby contributing to suppressing the corrosion of reinforcement.Specifically,the tailored CDs are composed of the carbon core with highly crystalline sp^(2)C structures and oxygen-containing groups connecting on the carbon core;The typical equilibrium test confirms that with respect to that of the blank cement paste,the chloride binding capacity of cement paste involving 0.2 wt%(by weight of cement)CDs is increased by 109% after 14-day exposure to 3 mol/L Na Cl solution;according to comprehensive analyses of phase compositions,the chloride binding mechanism of CDs-modified cement is rationally attributed to the fact that the incorporation of CDs advances the formation of calcium silicate hydrate(C-S-H)gels and Friedel's salt(Fs),thus enormously enhancing the physically adsorbed and chemically bound chloride ions of cement pastes.This work not only firstly provides a novel high-dispersity and low-cost nanomaterial toward the durability enhancement of RC structures,but also broadens the application of CDs in the field of engineering,conducing to stimulating their industrialization development.

关键词： Carbon dots Chloride binding Cement Chloride binding mechanism Friedel’s salt

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