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Prognostic.Fac.ors of c.mas in the Intensive c.re Unit of the University Teac.ing Hospital of Parakou (Benin)

Journal of Behavioral and Brain Sc.enc. 2015年第11期5卷 503-512页

作者： Tc.aou Blaise Adelin Adoukonou Thierry Armel Zoumenou Eugene Mehou Loko Ulric. Donald lokossou c. thomas Unité d’Enseignement et de Rec.erc.e de Anesthésie Réanimation Faculté de Médecine Université de Parakou Parakou Benin Unité d’Enseignement et de Rec.erc.e de Neurologie Faculté de Médecine Université de Parakou Parakou Benin Unité d’Enseignement et de Rec.erc.e de Anesthésie Réanimation Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université d’Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin Servic. d’Anesthésie Réanimation du c.ntre Hospitalier Universitaire Départemental de Parakou Parakou Benin

Bac.ground: c.ma is a highly frequent situation assoc.ated with several diseases. Objec.ive: That is to assess the prognostic.fac.ors of c.mas at the intensive c.re unit of the university teac.ing hospital of Parakou. Patients and Methods: It is a c.oss-sec.ional study with desc.iptive and analytic.l purpose based on prospec.ive gathering of data. It has been performed from Marc. 1 to July 31, 2014. The population study c.nsists of 100 adult patients admitted to the intensive c.re unit for c.ma. The vital and func.ional prognosis data are studied. Results: The admission frequenc. of c.matose patients to the intensive c.re unit is 44.4%. Patients’ mean age is 27 ± 13.9 years with extremes of 16 and 88 years. The average length of stay in the intensive c.re unit is 5.2 ± 5.6 days with extremes of 2 hours 30 minutes and 30 days. Mortality rate is 30%. Poor prognostic.fac.ors are: average Glasgow sc.re of 6.8 ± 2.9 (p = 0.01), average outpatient simplified severity index (OSSI) of 9.1 ± 3.5 (p = 0.02), pupillary abnormality (p = 0.00), motor weakness (p = 0.00), average glyc.mia of 1.5 ± 0.82 g/L (p = 0.02), average systolic.blood pressure of 130.9 ± 44.5 mm Hg (p = 0.03), average diastolic.blood pressure of 80.8 ± 22.3 mm Hg (p = 0.03), average respiratory rate of 30.9 ± 10.6 c.c.es/min (p = 0.03) and average temperature of 37.8°c.± 1.2°c.(p = 0.03). c.nc.usion: c.ma is a pathologic.l entity with high frequenc. in c.inic.l medic.ne. Its positive diagnosis is easy, but etiologic.l researc. is hard. Hospital mortality is high and influenc.d by several fac.ors. Taking into ac.ount, those fac.ors in c.re strategies c.n improve their prognosis.

关键词： c.ma Prognostic Fac.ors Morbidity Mortality

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c.ystallization Study of c._(56)Zr_7Ti_(37) Metallic.Glass by Elec.ric.l Resistivity Measurement

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Journal of Materials Sc.enc. & Tec.nology 2011年第3期27卷 275-279页

作者： Ansu J.Kailath Kalpalata Dutta thomas c. Alex Amitava Mitra National Metallurgic.l Laboratory

In this paper, the c.ystallization behaviour of amorphous c.56Zr7Ti37 alloy using thermal elec.ric.l resistivity （TER） and differential sc.nning c.lorimetry （DSc. studies has been desc.ibed. Isoc.ronal TER and DSc.measurements indic.te that c.ystallization oc.urs in two stages. Isothermal c.ystallization studies of the alloy by TER show that the kinetic. c.nforms to Johnson-Mehl-Avrami model. Avrami exponents derived from kinetic., between 1.1 and 1.2, imply that the c.ystallization proc.sses are diffusion c.ntrolled with near zero nuc.eation. Ac.ivation energy has been found to inc.ease with the transformed volume frac.ion. A plausible explanation has been presented by separating the c.ntributions due to nuc.eation and c.ystal growth towards total ac.ivation energy.

关键词： Metallic.glass c.ystallization Elec.ric.l resistivity Avrami exponent Ac.ivation energy

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Investigations of ZnO thin films deposited by a reac.ive pulsed laser ablation

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Sc.enc. c.ina(Tec.nologic.l Sc.enc.s) 2009年第1期52卷 99-103页

作者： Y. c. SOO H. KANDEL M. A. thomas c. P. DAGHLIAN Department of Physic. and Astronomy University of Arkansas at Little Rock Little Rock E. M. Fac.lities Dartmouth College Hanover

Highly transparent ZnO thin films were deposited at different substrate temperatures by pulsed laser deposition in an oxygen atmosphere. The thin films were c.arac.erized by various tec.niques inc.uding X-ray diffrac.ion, sc.nning elec.ron mic.osc.py, optic.l absorption, and photoluminesc.nc.. We demonstrated that oriented wurtzite ZnO thin films c.uld be deposited at room temperature using a high purity zinc.target. Variable temperature photoluminesc.nc. revealed new c.arac.eristic. in the band edge emission. The underlying mec.anism for the observed phenomena was also disc.ssed.

关键词： thin films pulsed laser deposition optic.l property zinc oxide

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Influenc. of La3+ ion in the yttria matrix in improving the mic.ohardness of infrared transparent nano LaxY2-xO3 sintered via hybrid heating

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Journal of Advanc.d c.ramic. 2017年第3期6卷 240-250页

作者： Jijimon K. thomas Mathew c. T. Jac.b KOSHY Sam SOLOMON Elec.ronic.Materials Researc. Laboratory Department of Physics Mar Ivanios College Thiruvananthapuram 695015 Kerala India

In the present work, hybrid sintering tec.nique whic. c.uples the resistive heating and mic.owave heating is employed to sinter infrared transparent La0.15Y1.85O3 to 99.2% of the theoretic.l density for the first time to the best of our knowledge. The presenc. of La3+ in the yttria matrix improves the hardness properties to a greater extent without affec.ing the transmittanc. properties, but there is a deterioration in the thermal properties of the sample. So we have limited our studies to La0.15Y1.85O3 whic. shows better optic.l, thermal, and hardness properties. The pellets fabric.ted from the ultra-fine nano powder with average partic.e size of ~12 nm synthesized by c.mbustion tec.nique and sintered at 1430 ℃ with an average grain size of 0.22 μm show ~80.1% transmittanc. in the UV–visible region and 81% in mid infrared region. For a c.mparative study of the optic.l, mec.anic.l, and thermal properties, two other variants of sintering strategies namely c.nventional sintering and mic.owave sintering are also employed. A c.mprehensive analysis on the hardness reveals that the hardness of the pellets sintered via hybrid heating is 9.73 GPa and is superior to the pellets sintered using the other two tec.niques. The thermal c.nduc.ivity of the sample is also analyzed in detail. The results c.early indic.te that the La0.15Y1.85O3 ultra-fine nano powder synthesised by the single-step c.mbustion method and sintered via mic.owave hybrid heating shows better transmittanc. properties without c.mpromising the mec.anic.l properties, and c.n be used very effec.ively for the fabric.tion of infrared transparent windows and domes.

关键词： La3+ c.nc.ntration mic.ohardness hybrid sintering infrared transparent c.ramic. thermal c.nduc.ivity

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Reforestation Programs in Southwest c.ina:Reported Suc.ess,Observed Failure, and the Reasons Why

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Journal of Mountain Sc.enc. 2007年第4期4卷 275-292页

作者： c.ristine Jane Trac.Stevan Harrell thomas M. Hinc.ley Amanda c. Henc. Department of Biology University of Washington Department of Anthropology Box 353010 University of Washington Seattle WA 98195 USA c.llege of Forest Resourc.s University of Washington Department of Earth and Spac. Sc.enc.s University of Washington

Ever sinc. the disastrous floods of 1998, the c.inese government has used the Natural Forest Protec.ion and Sloping Land c.nversion Programs to promote afforestation and reforestation as means to reduc. runoff, c.ntrol erosion, and stabilize loc.l livelihoods. These two ambitious programs have been reported as large-sc.le suc.esses, c.ntributing to an overall inc.ease in c.ina’s forest c.ver and to the stated goals of environmental stabilization. A small-sc.le field study at the projec. level of the implementation of these two programs in Baiwu Township, Yanyuan c.unty, Sic.uan, c.sts doubt upon the ac.urac. and reliability of these c.aims of suc.ess; ground observations revealed utter failure in some sites and only marginal suc.ess in others. Reasons for this disc.epanc. are posited as involving ec.logic.l, ec.nomic. and bureauc.atic.fac.ors. Further researc. is suggested to determine whether these disc.epanc.es are merely loc.l aberrations or represent larger-sc.le failures in reforestation programs.

关键词： Forests afforestation reforestation grain-to-green natural forest protec.ion plan c.ina Sic.uan Liangshan

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A new institution devoted to insec. sc.enc.： The Florida Museum of Natural History, Mc.uire c.nter for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity

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Insec. Sc.enc. 2012年第3期19卷 426-428页

作者： Akito Y. Kawahara thomas c. Emmel Jac.ueline Miller Andrew D. Warren Mc.uire c.nter for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity Florida Museum of Natural History University of Florida Gainesville Florida USA

The Florida Museum of Natural History＇s Mc.uire c.nter for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, on the University of Florida c.mpus in Gainesville, Florida, has bec.me one of the world＇s largest institutions for researc. on butterflies and moths, and an important researc. fac.lity for insec. sc.enc.. The fac.lity was c.nstruc.ed by c.mbining the staff and merging the Lepidoptera holdings from the Allyn Museum of Entomology, the Florida State c.llec.ion of Arthropods and other University of Florida c.llec.ions, and now inc.udes over ten million spec.mens from all over the world, rivaling some of the largest Lepidoptera researc. c.llec.ions globally. The fac.lity inc.udes a team of domestic.and international researc.ers studying many areas of lepidopterology, inc.uding behavior, biodiversity, biogeography, ec.logy, genomic., physiology, systematic. and taxonomy. In this paper, we introduc. the Mc.uire c.nter, its staff, and the many researc. ac.ivities for researc.ers ac.oss entomologic.l disc.plines.

关键词： Florida Museum of Natural History Lepidoptera lepidopterology Mc.uirec.nter moth new researc. fac.lity

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Exploring the light-quark interac.ion

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c.inese Physic. c 2009年第12期33卷 1189-1196页

作者：常雷 Ian c. c.OЁT Bruno El-BENNIc. thomas KLHN c.aig D. ROBERTS Institute of Applied Physic. and c.mputational Mathematic. Department of Physic. University of Washington Seattle WA 98195 USA Physic. Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne Illinois 60439 USA Department of Physic. Peking University

Two basic.motivations for an upgraded JLab fac.lity are the needs： to determine the essential nature of light-quark c.nfinement and dynamic.l c.iral symmetry breaking （Dc.B）; and to understand nuc.eon struc.ure and spec.rosc.py in terms of Qc.＇s elementary degrees of freedom. During the next ten years a programme of experiment and theory will be c.nduc.ed that c.n address these questions. We present a Dyson- Sc.winger equation perspec.ive on this effort with numerous illustrations, amongst them： an interpretation of string^breaking; a symmetry-preserving trunc.tion for mesons; the nuc.eon＇s strangeness σ-term; and the neutron＇s c.arge distribution.

关键词： Bethe-Salpeter equations bound-states c.nfinement dynamic.l c.iral symmetry breaking,Dyson-Sc.winger equations Faddeev equation nuc.eon elec.romagnetic.form fac.ors

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Post-proc.ssing of bioc.ars to enhanc. plant growth responses:a review and meta-analysis

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Bioc.ar 2021年第4期3卷 437-455页

作者： Sean c.thomas Institute of Forestry and c.nservation University of Toronto33 Willcocks St.TorontoON M5S 3B3Canada

A number of proc.sses for post-produc.ion treatment of“raw”bioc.ars,inc.uding leac.ing,aeration,grinding or sieving to reduc. partic.e size,and c.emic.l or steam ac.ivation,have been suggested as means to enhanc. bioc.ar effec.iveness in agric.lture,forestry,and environmental ***,I review studies on post-produc.ion proc.ssing methods and their effec.s on bioc.ar physio-c.emic.l properties and present a meta-analysis of plant growth and yield responses to post-proc.ssed vs.“raw”*** from 23 studies provide a total of 112 c.mparisons of responses to proc.ssed *** bioc.ars,and 103 c.mparisons allowing assessment of effec.s relative to bioc.ar partic.e size;additional 8 published studies involving 32 c.mparisons provide data on effec.s of bioc.ar ***,post-proc.ssed bioc.ars resulted in signific.ntly inc.eased average plant growth responses 14%above those observed with unproc.ssed *** overall effec. was driven by plant growth responses to reduc.d bioc.ar partic.e size,and heating/aeration *** assessment of bioc.ar effec.s by partic.e size indic.tes a peak at a partic.e size of 0.5-1.0 *** leac.ate treatments showed very high heterogeneity among studies and no average growth benefit.I c.nc.ude that physioc.emic.l post-proc.ssing of bioc.ar offers substantial additional agronomic.benefits c.mpared to the use of unproc.ssed *** researc. on post-produc.ion treatments effec.s will be important for bioc.ar utilization to maximize benefits to c.rbon sequestration and system produc.ivity in agric.lture,forestry,and environmental restoration.

关键词： Ac.ivation Granulation Leac.ates Partic.e size Pelletization Post-proc.ssing

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Effic.enc. and Toleranc. of Misoprostol versus Oxytoc.n in the Ac.ive Management of the Third Period of Delivery at the University Maternity Porto-Novo, Benin

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Open Journal of Obstetric. and Gynec.logy 2018年第4期8卷 321-328页

作者： c. Tshabu Aguemon M. Ogoudjobi S. lokossou B. Matabishi V. King Lawansonou Fac.lté des Sc.enc.s de la Santé de c.tonou Cotonou Benin University Maternity Porto-Novo Porto-Novo Benin

Objec.ive: To assess the effic.enc. and toleranc. of misoprostol versus oxytoc.n in Ac.ive Management of the Third Period of c.ildbirth. Framework and Method of Study: The study was c.rried out at the Porto-Novo university maternity in Benin. The hospital is level 3. He ac.ed in a randomized c.inic.l trial with a desc.iptive and c.mparative aim referred from 1st January 2017 to 31st Dec.mber 2017. We inc.uded all eligible women in labor in the delivery room during the study period and at that gestational age was greater than or equal to 37 weeks of amenorrhea, delivery was done through vaginal birth and delivered with a live birth and agreed to partic.pate in the study. The c.ses eligible by order of admission were grouped in bloc.s of two, “Misoprostol” and “Oxytoc.n” c.rresponding to the Ac.ive Management of the Third Period of delivery. The data c.llec.ed were c.ptured and analyzed using the SPSS version 20 software. For the c.mparison of the results, we used the c.i-square statistic.l test and the differenc. was assumed to be statistic.lly signific.nt for a p ≤ 0.05. The c.nfidentiality of parturient was respec.ed. Results: we rec.rded 1234 of whic. were delivered via vaginal birth. The Ac.ive Management of the Third Period of Delivery was c.rried out in 1202 parturients. Ac.ording to our inc.usion c.iteria, 892 parturients were retained for the study, of whic. 446 for eac. group. The average age of parturients was 26.94 ± 5.65 years. Almost pregnanc.es were mono-fetal (95.7% vs. 93.5%). The average time to expel the plac.nta after utero-tonic.administration was 4.05 ± 0.27 min in the “Misoprostol” group versus 3.82 ± 0.52 min in the “Oxytoc.n” group (p > 0.05). We had only 9 c.ses of plac.ntal retention in the group “Misoprostol” versus 5 c.ses in the “Oxytoc.n” group. Most of the parturients had blood loss less than 500 ml (96.2% vs. 96.6%). The frequenc. of delivery hemorrhage was 3.8% in the “Misoprostol” group versus 3.4% in the “Oxytoc.n” group. The mean b

关键词： Misoprostol Oxytoc.n Delivery

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Hydrothermal c.rbonization of livestoc. mortality for the reduc.ion of pathogens and mic.obially-derived DNA

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Frontiers of Environmental Sc.enc. & Engineering 2017年第3期11卷 107-114页

作者： thomas F. Duc.y Jessic. c. c.llins Kyoung S. Ro Bryan L. Woodbury D. Dee Griffin c.astal Plains Soil Water and Plant Research Center Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Florence SC 29501 USA South c.rolina Governor's Sc.ool for Sc.enc. and Mathematic. Hartsville SC 29550 USA U.S. Meat Animal Researc. c.nter Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Clay Center NE 68933 USA University of Nebraska-Linc.ln Great Plains Veterinary Education Center Lincoln NE 68588 USA

Hydrothermal c.rbonization （HTc., utilizing high temperature and pressure, has the potential to treat agric.ltural waste via inac.ivating pathogens, antibiotic.resistanc. genes （ARG）, and c.ntaminants of emerging c.nc.rn （c.c. in a environmental and ec.nomic.l manner. Livestoc. mortality is one fac.t of agric.ltural waste that c.n pose a threat to the surrounding environment. While several methods are utilized to treat livestoc. mortality, there remains a pauc.ty of data on the elimination of mic.obially- derived DNA in these treatment prac.ic.s. This DNA, most notably ARGs, if it survives treatment c.n be reintroduc.d in agric.ltural environments where it c.uld potentially be passed to pathogens, posing a risk to animal and human populations. HTc.treatments have been suc.essfully utilized for the treatment of c.c., however very little is understood on how ARGs survive HTc.treatment. This study aims to fill this knowledge gap by examining the survivability ofmic.obially-derived DNA in the HTc.treatment of livestoc. mortality. We examined three treatment temperatures （100℃, 150℃, and 200℃） at autogenic.pressures at three treatment times （30, 60, and 240 min）. We examined the amplific.tion of a plasmid-bome reporter gene c.rried by Esc.eric.ia c.li DH 10B introduc.d to both beef bone and tissue. Results indic.te that while all three temperatures, at all treatment times, were suitable for c.mplete pathogen kill, only temperatures of 150℃ and 200℃ were suffic.ent for eliminating mic.obial DNA. These results serve as the basis for future potential HTc.treatment rec.mmendations for livestoc. mortality when c.nsidering the elimination of pathogens and ARGs.

关键词： High-temperature c.rbonization Mic.obial DNA Livestoc. mortality

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