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Simultaneous removal of critical rare earth elements and chalcogen oxyanions by anaerobic granular sludge

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4595-4611页

作者： Chiara Belloni Mohanakrishnan logan Stefano Papirio Piet N.L.Lens University of galway Department of Civil Architectural and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Naples Federico II

Conventional mining of economically and strategically important critical rare earth elements(REEs)(such as neodymium, lanthanum and dysprosium), and chalcogens(such as selenium and tellurium) are associated with a huge economic and environmental cost. Therefore,the need to recover REEs as well as chalcogens from different waste streams including wastewaters is becoming urgent. Batch assays on synthetic chalcogen/REE-laden wastewater showed that the presence of REEs significantly improved the tellurite removal rate(> 80%) and enhanced selenate removal by 66% ± 10%. Three 3.9 L continuous upflow anaerobic granular sludge bed(UASB) reactors were operated at a hydraulic retention time of 24 h and30 °C. Selenate reduction was achieved with a removal efficiency of ～ 98% with an influent p H of 4.0 for more than 28 days. The effect of REEs on tellurite removal in the UASB bioreactor could not be clearly established since a soluble tellurium removal efficiency of more than 98%was observed already before the addition of REEs at elevated tellurite concentrations. The complete REE removal in both batch assays and UASB reactors at higher pH (7.0 ± 0.5) was attributed to precipitation, whereas chalcogen oxyanions removal was due to microbial reduction. However, at acidic p H, biosorption was responsible for REE's removal, and the Se-enriched sludge exhibited a superior REE's removal efficiency than the non-enriched and Te-enriched sludge.

关键词： Adsorption Bioreduction Rare earth elements Selenium Tellurium

The role of extracorporeal life support and timing of repair in infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia

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World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2024年第2期7卷 90-99页

作者： Daniel B gehle logan C Meyer Tim Jancelewicz Le Bonheur Children's Hospital University of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA

Extracorporeal life support(ECLS)serves as a rescue therapy for patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia(CDH)and severe cardiopulmonary failure,and only half of these patients survive to *** costly intervention has a significant complication risk and is reserved for patients with the most severe disease physiology refractory to maximal cardiopulmonary *** contraindications to ECLS do exist such as coagulopathy,lethal chromosomal or congenital anomaly,very preterm birth,or very low birth weight,but many of these limits are being evaluated through further *** guidelines from the past decade vary in recommendations for ECLS use in patients with CDH but this therapy appears to have a survival benefit in the most severe subset of *** outcomes have been observed for patients treated at high-volume *** review details the evolving literature surrounding management paradigms for timing of CDH repair for patients receiving preoperative *** recent data support early repair following cannulation to avoid non-repair which is uniformly fatal in this *** ECLS runs are associated with decreased survival,and patient physiology should guide ECLS weaning and eventual decannulation rather than limiting patients to arbitrary run *** of care across centers is a major focus to limit unnecessary costs and improve short-term and long-term outcomes for these complex patients.

关键词： congenital life repair

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Plane Tracks

小学生时代（大嘴英语） 2024年第5期 18-20页

作者： Carrie Finison logan Kline(图) 不详

我知道有一架飞机刚刚飞过我没有看到它翱翔的样子,也没有听到它又长又响的隆隆声但是看——它留下了一道航迹云!

关键词： Plane Tracks 翱翔

On the Monotonicity of Q^(3) Spectral Element Method for Laplacian

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Annals of Applied Mathematics 2024年第2期40卷 161-190页

作者： logan J.Cross Xia.g.iong Zhang Department of Mathematics Purdue University150 N.University StreetWest LafayetteIN 47907-2067USA

The monotonicity of discrete Laplacian, i.e., inverse positivity of stiffness matrix, implies discrete maximum principle, which is in general not true for high order accurate schemes on unstructured meshes. On the other hand,it is possible to construct high order accurate monotone schemes on structured meshes. All previously known high order accurate inverse positive schemes are or can be regarded as fourth order accurate finite difference schemes, which is either an M-matrix or a product of two M-matrices. For the Q3spectral element method for the two-dimensional Laplacian, we prove its stiffness matrix is a product of four M-matrices thus it is unconditionally monotone. Such a scheme can be regarded as a fifth order accurate finite difference scheme. Numerical tests suggest that the unconditional monotonicity of Q^(k) spectral element methods will be lost for k ≥ 9 in two dimensions, and for k ≥ 4 in three dimensions. In other words, for obtaining a high order monotone scheme, only Q^(2) and Q^(3) spectral element methods can be unconditionally monotone in three dimensions.

关键词： Inverse positivity discrete maximum principle high order accuracy monotonicity discrete Laplacian spectral element method

Interpenetrated Structures for Enhancing Ion Diffusion Kinetics in Electrochemical Energy Storage Devices

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第11期16卷 718-728页

作者： Xinzhe Xue Longsheng Feng Qiu Ren Cassidy Tran Samuel Eisenberg Anica Pinongcos logan Valdovinos Cathleen Hsieh Tae Wook Heo Marcus A.Worsley Cheng Zhu Yat Li Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California1156 High StreetSanta CruzCA 95064USA Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory 7000 East AvenueLivermoreCA 94550USA

The architectural design of electrodes offers new opportunities for next-generation electrochemical energy storage devices(EESDs)by increasing surface area,thickness,and active materials mass loading while maintaining good ion diffusion through optimized electrode ***,conventional thick electrodes increase ion diffusion length and cause la.g.r ion concentration gradients,limiting reaction *** demonstrate a strategy for building interpenetrated structures that shortens ion diffusion length and reduces ion concentration *** free-standing device structure also avoids short-circuiting without needing a *** feature size and number of interpenetrated units can be adjusted during printing to balance surface area and ion *** with a 3D-printed interpenetrated polymer substrate,we metallize it to make it *** substrate has two individually addressable electrodes,allowing selective electrodeposition of energy storage *** a Zn//MnO_(2) battery as a model system,the interpenetrated device outperforms conventional separate electrode configurations,improving volumetric energy density by 221%and exhibiting a higher capacity retention rate of 49%compared to 35%at temperatures from 20 to 0℃.Our study introduces a new EESD architecture applicable to Li-ion,Na-ion batteries,supercapacitors,etc.

关键词： Interpenetrated structure 3D printing Electrochemical energy storage Ion diffusion length Inter-electrode distance

Challenges and opportunities in the production of magnesium parts by directed energy deposition processes

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1663-1686页

作者： gürel Cam Ali günen Iskenderun Technical University Faculty of Engineering and Natural SciencesDepartment of Mechanical Engineering31200 Iskenderun-HatayTurkey Iskenderun Technical University Faculty of Engineering and Natural SciencesDepartment of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering31200 Iskenderun-HatayTurkey

Mg-alloys have gained considerable attention in recent years for their outstanding properties such as lightweight,high specific strength,and corrosion resistance,making them attractive for applications in medical,aerospace,automotive,and other transport ***,their widespread application is hindered by their low formability at room temperature due to limited slip *** Mg-alloys have low mechanical properties due to the presence of casting defects such as porosity and anisotropy in addition to the high *** casting methods benefit from established process optimization techniques for these problems,additive manufacturing methods are increasingly replacing casting methods in Mg alloys as they provide more precise control over the microstructure and allow specific grain orientations,potentially enabling easier optimization of anisotropy properties in certain *** metal additive manufacturing(MAM)technology also results in some manufacturing defects such as inhomogeneous microstructural evolution and porosity and additively manufactured Mg alloy parts exhibit lower properties than the wrought parts,they in general exhibit superior properties than the cast ***,MAM is a promising technique to produce Mg alloy *** energy deposition processes,particularly wire arc directed energy deposition(WA-DED),have emerged as an advantageous additive manufacturing(AM)technique for metallic materials including magnesium alloys,offering advantages such as high deposition rates,improved material efficiency,and reduced production costs compared to subtractive ***,the inherent challenges associated with magnesium,such as its high reactivity and susceptibility to oxidation,pose unique hurdles in the application of this *** review paper delves into the progress made in the application of DED technology to Mg-alloys,its challenges,and ***,the predominant imperfections,notably inhomo

关键词： Additive manufacturing DED processes Arc-DED Wire arc additive manufacturing(WAAM) 3-D printing High deposition rate

Recent research in mechanical properties of geopolymer-based ultrahigh-performance concrete:A review

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第2期32卷 67-88页

作者： g.Murali Division of Research&Innovation Uttaranchal UniversityDehradun 248007India

Due to the growing need for sustainable and ultra-high-strength construction materials,scientists have created an innovative ultra-high-performance concrete called geopolymer based ultra-highperformance concrete(gUHPC).Besides,in the last few decades,there have been a lot of explosions and ballistic attacks around the world,which have killed many civilians and fighters in border *** this context,this article reviews the fresh state and mechanical properties of ***,the ingredients of gUHPC and fresh properties such as setting time and flowability are briefly ***,the review of compressive strength,flexure strength,tensile strength and modulus of elasticity of fibrous ***,the blast and projectile impact resistance performance was ***,the microstructural characteristics were reviewed using the scanning electron microscope and X-ray Powder *** review outcome reveals that the mechanical properties were increased when 30%silica fume was added to a higher dose of steel fibre to improve the microstructure of *** is hypothesized that the brittleness of gUHPC was mitigated by adding 1.5%steel fibre reinforcement,which played a role in the decrease of contact explosion cratering and *** the need for cement in gUHPC was a key factor in the review,indicating a promising potential for lowering carbon ***,gUHPC research is still in its early stages,so more study is required before its full potential can be utilized.

关键词： Mechanical properties Blast Projectile impact Fibre geopolymer Silica fume Alkaline activators

generation of Eco-Friendly and Disease-Resistant Channel Catfish(Ictalurus punctatus)Harboring the Alligator Cathelicidin gene via CRISPR/Cas9 Engineering

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Engineering 2024年第8期39卷 273-286页

作者： Jinhai Wa.g.Baofeng Su De Xing Timothy J.Bruce Sha.g.ia Li logan Bern Mei Sha.g.Andrew Johnson Rhoda Mae C.Simora Michael Coogan Darshika U.Hettiarachchi Wenwen Wa.g.Tasnuba Hasin Jacob Al-Armanazi Cuiyu Lu Rex A.Dunham School of Fisheries Aquacultureand Aquatic SciencesAuburn UniversityAuburnAL 36849USA

As a precise and versatile tool for genome manipulation,the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9(Cas9)platform holds promise for modifying fish traits of *** the aim of reducing transgene introgression and controlling reproduction,upscaled disease resistance and reproductive intervention in catfish species have been studied to lower the potential environmental risks of the introgression of escapees as transgenic *** advantage of the CRISPR/Cas9-mediated system,we succeeded in integrating the cathelicidin gene(As-Cath)from an alligator(Alligator sinensis)into the ta.g.t luteinizing hormone(lh)locus of channel catfish(Ictalurus punctatus)using two delivery systems assisted by double-stranded DNA(dsDNA)and single-stranded oligodeoxynucleotides(ssODNs),*** this study,high knock in(KI)efficiency(22.38%,64/286)but low onta.g.t events was achieved using the ssODN strategy,whereas adopting a dsDNA as the donor template led to an efficient on-ta.g.t KI(10.80%,23/213).The on-ta.g.t KI of As-Cath was instrumental in establishing the lh knockout(LH^(–)_As-Cath^(+))catfish line,which displayed heightened disease resistance and reduced fecundity compared with the wild-type(WT)sibling ***,administration of human chorionic gonadotropin(HCg)and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue(LHRHa)can restore the reproduction of the transgenic fish ***,we replaced the lh gene with an alligator cathelicidin transgene and then administered hormone therapy to move towards complete reproductive control of diseaseresistant transgenic catfish in an environmentally responsible *** strategy not only effectively improves consumer-valued traits but also guards against unwanted introgression,providing a breakthrough in aquaculture genetics to confine fish reproduction and prevent the establishment of transgenic or domestic genotypes in the natural environment.

关键词： genome editing ssODN dsDNA Antimicrobial peptide Reproductive confinement Aquaculture

持续正压通气治疗中枢性睡眠呼吸暂停伴心力衰竭

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（心脏病学分册） 2006年第6期2卷 8-8页

作者： Bradley T.D logan a.g. Kimoff R.J. 任付先 Department of Medicine Toronto General Hospital University Health Network 200 Elizabeth St. Toronto Ont. M5G 2C4 Canada

BACKgROUND: The Canadian Continuous Positive Airway Pressure for Patients with Central Sleep Apnea and Heart Failure trial tested the hypothesis that continuous positive airway pressure(CPAP) would improve the survival rate without heart transplantation of patients who have central sleep apnea and heart failure. METHODS: After medical therapy was optimized, 258 patients who had heart failure(mean age [± SD], 63± 10 years; ejection fraction, 24.5± 7.7 percent) and central sleep apnea(number of episodes of apnea and hypopnea per hour of sleep, 40± 16) were randomly assigned to receive CPAP(128 patients) or no CPAP(130 patients) and were followed for a mean of two years. During follow- up, sleep studies were conducted and measurements of the ejection fraction, exercise capacity, quality of life, and neurohormones were obtained. RESULTS: Three months after undergoing randomization, the CPAP group, as compared with the control group, had greater reductions in the frequency of episodes of apnea and hypopnea(- 21± 16 vs.- 2± 18 per hour, Pgreater increases in the mean nocturnal oxygen saturation(1.6± 2.8 percent vs. 0.4± 2.5 percent, Pgroup and the CPAP group in the number of hospitalizations, quality of life, or atrial natriuretic peptide levels. An early divergence in survival rates without heart transplantation favored the control group, but after 18 months the divergence favored the CPAP group, yet the overall event rates(death and heart transplantation) did not differ(32 vs. 32 events, respectively; P=0.54). CONCLUSIONS: Although CPAP attenuated central sleep apnea, improved nocturnal oxygenation, increased the ejection fraction, lowered norepinephrine levels, and increased the d

关键词：中枢性睡眠呼吸暂停持续正压通气治疗心力衰竭患者平均年龄 CPAP 射血分数随访期间神经内分泌心脏移植发作次数